CN107883855A - It is a kind of based on photogrammetric high and low temperature environment Light deformation method of testing - Google Patents
It is a kind of based on photogrammetric high and low temperature environment Light deformation method of testing Download PDFInfo
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- CN107883855A CN107883855A CN201710983817.9A CN201710983817A CN107883855A CN 107883855 A CN107883855 A CN 107883855A CN 201710983817 A CN201710983817 A CN 201710983817A CN 107883855 A CN107883855 A CN 107883855A
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- low temperature
- base
- point
- testing
- antenna rib
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B5/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of mechanical techniques
- G01B5/30—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of mechanical techniques for measuring the deformation in a solid, e.g. mechanical strain gauge
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B11/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques
- G01B11/16—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques for measuring the deformation in a solid, e.g. optical strain gauge
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of based on photogrammetric high and low temperature environment Light deformation method of testing, comprise the following steps：Antenna rib, base and platform are installed；Adjust incubator；Survey station and measuring point are set；Adjust camera；Modeling Calculation.The present invention passes through non-contact photogrammetric survey method, using inclination mounting means and marble platform subsidiary, optimize the measurement angle of measured point, improve the stability of measuring system, a kind of bikini metering system is combined using a kind of method for being layered shooting simultaneously, under measuring state of the number of plies no less than two layers, optimize measurement net type, intersection angle and images match process, the precision of measurement is improved in the case where increasing measurement range, realizes the measurement of large-size workpiece high/low temperature Light deformation.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of based on photogrammetric high and low temperature environment Light deformation method of testing, be particularly suitable for use in spaceborne day
The high precision measurement of line rib part height warm and hot deformation, belongs to aerial mechanical field of measuring technique.
Background technology
Repeater satellite S/Ka antenna electric performances are notable by its thermal deformation situation, so in the development stage to the sieve of its rib part
Choosing proposes high-precision testing requirement, and for rib part in the case of 60 DEG C of high temperature is compared to 20 DEG C of normal temperature, its 2m end is vertical
Displacement is 0.1mm, and compared to 20 DEG C of normal temperature, its end 2m end displacement is 0.2mm for -60 DEG C of low temperature, hanging down under above-mentioned environment
Need unidirectional measurement precision to reach below 0.04mm in high temperature to Light deformation, reach below 0.06mm in low temperature.
Mainly there are theodolite intersection measurement, the measurement of total powerstation spherical coordinates, laser tracker measurement in mechanical measurement field at present
And the displacement shape change of the means such as joint arm measure measurement object, but there are no method and carry out chi in atmospheric high-low temperature environment
The very little test not less than Light deformation below 60 microns of 2m workpiece.
In the prior art, traditional measuring method is primarily present following problem：
Firstth, it is higher to environmental requirement, normal temperature and pressure environment is only applicable to, the change of ambient temperature is to measuring system
Precision influence obvious, while the stability of external environment is the basis that measuring system is established, and small vibration can cause system
Front and rear stabilization, and then cause measurement error, it can not finally meet that trace level measures.
Secondth, measurement efficiency is relatively low, and the foundation of conventional measurement systems expends more manpower instrument resource, measurement it is time-consuming compared with
It is long, so as to which a series of uncertain errors can be caused.
The content of the invention
The technology of the present invention solves problem：Overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, surveyed the invention provides one kind based on photography
The high and low temperature environment Light deformation method of testing of amount, by non-contact photogrammetric survey method, using inclination mounting means and marble
Platform subsidiary, the measurement angle of measured point is optimized, improve the stability of measuring system, while clap using a kind of layering
The method taken the photograph combines a kind of bikini metering system, under measuring state of the number of plies no less than two layers, optimizes measurement net type, hands over
Meeting angle and images match process, the precision of measurement is improved in the case where increasing measurement range, realizes large-size workpiece
High/low temperature Light deformation measures.
The present invention technical solution be：
It is a kind of based on photogrammetric high and low temperature environment Light deformation method of testing, comprise the following steps：
The first step, some antenna ribs are installed concentratedly on base for equally spaced 20 °, and in every antenna rib and base
It is upper uniformly to paste target point and encoded point, recycle inclined-plane switching tooling by floor installation on platform, floor installation antenna rib
Part diagonally downward；
Second step, after confirming target point without tilting or coming off, two station meters are individually positioned in base and platform
On, and antenna rib, base, inclined-plane switching tooling, platform and station meter are placed in incubator jointly, incubator is then kept each
Operating mode stands at least 2h；
3rd step, after incubator standing terminates, two layers of survey road, every layer of survey are set on the outside of some antenna rib entirety envelopes
Road is equally spaced to set multiple survey stations, and each survey station is using camera alignment antenna rib integral planar view field center bikini
Measurement, each measuring point shoot 6 photos using camera；
4th step, time for exposure, exposure intensity and the industrial photogrammetry software scans parameter of camera are adjusted, when all surveys
When the gray scale maximum of point is in 100~200 and pixel quantity full enough, terminate measurement；
5th step, according to measurement result, index point overall adjustment computation model is established, and calculation flag point adjustment is square
Root.
Above-mentioned a kind of based in photogrammetric high and low temperature environment Light deformation method of testing, in the first step, day
Line rib uses bow structure, and antenna rib one end is fixedly connected with base, and the quantity of antenna rib is not more than 10, every antenna rib
Upper uniformly lay be no less than 28 target points, and the target spot diameter on every antenna rib is not less than 6mm, equal on every antenna rib
Even laying is no less than 5 encoded points, and the coding spot diameter on every antenna rib is not less than 3mm, the target on every antenna rib
Point is misaligned with encoded point.
Above-mentioned a kind of based in photogrammetric high and low temperature environment Light deformation method of testing, in the first step, bottom
Seat uses hollow cylindrical structure, and the material of base uses invar, and base upper surface is uniformly laid close to fringe region and is no less than
18 target points, the target spot diameter of base upper surface are not less than 6mm, and base upper surface is laid not at equal intervals close to fringe region
Less than 6 encoded points, the coding spot diameter of base are not less than 3mm, and the target point of base upper surface does not weigh with encoded point
Close.
Above-mentioned a kind of based in photogrammetric high and low temperature environment Light deformation method of testing, in the first step, put down
Platform uses solid cube structure, and the material of platform uses marble, and the weight of platform is not less than 1t, and platform and antenna rib are most
Small spacing is set to 10mm.
Above-mentioned a kind of based in photogrammetric high and low temperature environment Light deformation method of testing, in the second step, base
Object staff is not less than 800mm photogrammetric dedicated fiducial chi using length, and the materials of two station meters uses carbon fiber, two
Station meter is mutually perpendicular to, and one is placed on base one end station meter, another that station meter is placed on platform.
Above-mentioned a kind of based in photogrammetric high and low temperature environment Light deformation method of testing, in the second step, temperature
Case is not less than 5.5m × 5.5m × 4m walk-in type high-low temperature chamber, the minimum spacing of incubator inwall and antenna rib using inside dimension
1m is set to, incubator internal pressure is set to normal pressure.
Above-mentioned a kind of based in photogrammetric high and low temperature environment Light deformation method of testing, in the second step, temperature
Case, which has, provides high temperature and low temperature functional；20 DEG C~100 DEG C of high-temperature temperature section satisfaction, 20 DEG C of cryogenic temperature section satisfaction~-
70℃。
Above-mentioned a kind of based in photogrammetric high and low temperature environment Light deformation method of testing, in the 3rd step,
At the 2.5m on the outside of some antenna rib entirety envelopes, it is overall positioned at some antenna ribs that the second layer surveys road in one Ceng Ce roads
At 2m on the outside of envelope, 9 survey stations are respectively provided with per Ceng Ce roads, each survey station is integrally put down using camera by 3 points of shooting antenna ribs
Face view field, 0 ° and vertical 90 ° each one of every camera level, each survey station totally 6 photos.
Above-mentioned a kind of based in photogrammetric high and low temperature environment Light deformation method of testing, in the 4th step, just
Adjustment camera exposure time beginning is 1ms, and exposure intensity 7 is corresponding according to taken a picture middle picture point pixel grey scale and turgor
Increase or decrease time for exposure and exposure intensity；Adjust scanning range in industrial photogrammetry software, X to pixel coverage 2~
200, Y-direction pixel coverage 2~200, indicate pixel quantity 4~3000, ignore shape smoothness, overexposure and brightness.
Above-mentioned a kind of based in photogrammetric high and low temperature environment Light deformation method of testing, in the 5th step, warp
The three-dimensional of object under test is obtained after image scanning processing, mark point recognition, images match, the intersection of spatial point triangle and bundle adjustment
Coordinate, establish overall adjustment model：
Wherein：X1, X2 and X3 be respectively photograph elements of exterior orientation, mark point coordinates and camera intrinsic parameter correction to
Amount；A1, A2 and A3 are respectively corresponding coefficient matrix；L1 is the observation vector of mark picpointed coordinate；V1 sits for mark picture point
Target weight matrix；L3 is the virtual observation vector of inner parameter, generally null vector；V3 is inner parameter dummy observation
Weight matrix.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that：
【1】The present invention under measuring state of the number of plies no less than two layers, optimizes survey by a kind of method for being layered shooting
Net type and index point intersection angle are measured, improves the precision of overall adjustment, and then improve the measurement accuracy of measuring system.
【2】The present invention is optimized overall adjustment images match process, measured in increase by a kind of bikini metering system
The precision of measurement is improved in the case of scope.
【3】The present invention is auxiliary using inclination mounting means and marble platform by arcuate rib own characteristic and environmental quality
Measurement is helped, optimizes the measurement angle of measured point, improves the stability of measuring system, and then improves the essence of measuring system
Degree.
【4】Logic smoothness of the present invention, clear thinking, reasonable in design, step are simplified, and those skilled in the art are according to the present invention
The step of tested, can accurately measure Light deformation amount of the antenna rib respectively in high temperature and low temperature environment, save experiment
Time, possesses wide market application foreground.
Brief description of the drawings
Accompanying drawing is used for providing a further understanding of the present invention, forms the part of the application, embodiments of the invention and
It illustrates to be used to explain the present invention, does not form inappropriate limitation of the present invention.In the accompanying drawings：
Fig. 1 is the flow chart of the present invention
Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram of antenna rib and base
Fig. 3 is the schematic diagram of antenna rib, base and platform
Fig. 4 is the layout of survey station
The schematic diagram in Tu5Wei Ce roads
Wherein：1 antenna rib；2 bases；3 inclined-plane switching toolings；4 platforms；5 station meters；6 incubators；7 cameras；
Embodiment
For make technical scheme more understand, below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings explanation and specific embodiment the present invention is made into
One step describes：
It is a kind of based on photogrammetric high and low temperature environment Light deformation method of testing as shown in Fig. 1~5, comprise the following steps：
The first step, not more than 11 equally spaced 20 ° of radial antenna ribs are installed concentratedly in hollow cylinder invar base 2
On, and paste diameter at equal intervals in every antenna rib 1 and the top surface edge region of base 2 and be not less than 6mm targets point and diameter not
Less than 3mm encoded points, the target point quantity of antenna rib 1 is no less than 28, and encoded point is no less than 5, the upper surface target points of base 2
Amount is no less than 18, and encoded point is no less than 6, and index point and encoded point are misaligned, recycles inclined-plane switching tooling 3 by base 2
In 1t marble platforms 4, base 2 installs the part of antenna rib 1 diagonally downward；
Second step, after confirming target point without tilting or coming off, carbon fiber of two length not less than 800mm is photographed
Measurement dedicated fiducial chi 5 is mutually perpendicular to be placed on base 2 and platform 4 respectively, and antenna rib 1, base 2, inclined-plane are transferred work
Filling 3, platform 4 and station meter 5, internally placed size is not less than in 5.5m × 5.5m × 4m walk-in type high-low temperature chamber 6 jointly,
The minimum spacing of the inwall of incubator 6 and antenna rib 1 is set to 1m, and the internal pressure of incubator 6 is set to normal pressure, then keeps incubator 6 quiet in each operating mode
Put at least 2h；
3rd step, incubator 6 stand terminate after, is set on the outside of some 1 overall envelopes of antenna rib two layers survey road, first
At the 2.5m on the outside of some 1 overall envelopes of antenna rib, it is overall positioned at some antenna ribs 1 that the second layer surveys road in Ceng Ce roads
At 2m on the outside of envelope, equally spaced per Ceng Ce roads to set 9 survey stations, each survey station is directed at the entirety of antenna rib 1 using camera 7
Plane projection regional center bikini measures, 0 ° and vertical 90 ° each one of every camera level, each survey station totally 6 photos；
4th step, the initial exposure time of adjustment camera 7 is 1ms, exposure intensity 7, according to taken a picture middle picture point picture
Plain gray scale and turgor accordingly increase or decrease time for exposure and intensity；The adjustment scanning model in industrial photogrammetry software
Enclose, X is to pixel coverage 2~200, Y-direction 2~200, indicates pixel quantity 4~3000, ignore shape smoothness, overexposure and
Brightness.Time for exposure, exposure intensity and industrial photogrammetry software scans parameter, when the gray scale maximum of all measuring points is in
100~200 and during pixel quantity full enough, terminate measurement；
5th step, according to measurement result, index point overall adjustment computation model is established, and calculation flag point adjustment is square
Root.
Embodiment
Antenna rib high temperature, low temperature environment thermal deformation measurement are completed according to above-mentioned steps, using high temperature, low temperature during data analysis
And normal temperature measurement point coordinates is used as benchmark by the point coordinates of invar base upper surface 18 respectively, establishes thermal deformation analysis coordinate system,
Coordinate origin is located at invar base upper surface center, and Z axis directly compares high/low temperature perpendicular to upper surface under unified coordinate system
For measured value relative to the Z value changes amounts of normal temperature measured value, this is the heat distortion amount of rib.
Example proves, normal temperature operating mode full test error 0.02mm of the present invention, worst hot case full test error
0.025mm, worst cold case full test error 0.045mm, meet antenna rib the vertical 0.1mm in 60 DEG C of its ends of high temperature, low temperature-
60 DEG C of vertical 0.2mm in end thermal change measurement, has reached the requirement of technical indicator.
The content not being described in detail in description of the invention is known to the skilled person technology.
Claims (10)
- It is 1. a kind of based on photogrammetric high and low temperature environment Light deformation method of testing, it is characterised in that：Comprise the following steps：The first step, some equally spaced 20 ° of antenna ribs (1) are installed concentratedly on base (2), and in every antenna rib (1) Target point and encoded point are pasted with uniform on base (2), recycles inclined-plane switching tooling (3) that base (2) is arranged on into platform (4) On, the part of base (2) installation antenna rib (1) is diagonally downward；Second step, after confirming target point without tilting or coming off, two station meters (5) are individually positioned in base (2) peace On platform (4), and antenna rib (1), base (2), inclined-plane switching tooling (3), platform (4) and station meter (5) are placed on temperature jointly In case (6), then incubator (6) is kept to stand at least 2h in each operating mode；3rd step, after incubator (6) standing terminates, two layers of survey road of setting on the outside of the overall envelope of some antenna ribs (1), every layer The equally spaced multiple survey stations of setting in road are surveyed, each survey station is using in camera (7) alignment antenna rib (1) integral planar view field Heart bikini measures, and each measuring point shoots 6 photos using camera (7)；4th step, time for exposure, exposure intensity and the industrial photogrammetry software scans parameter of adjustment camera (7), when all surveys When the gray scale maximum of point is in 100~200 and pixel quantity full enough, terminate measurement；5th step, according to measurement result, establish index point overall adjustment computation model, and calculation flag point adjustment root mean square.
- A kind of existed 2. according to claim 1 based on photogrammetric high and low temperature environment Light deformation method of testing, its feature In：In the first step, antenna rib (1) uses bow structure, and antenna rib (1) one end is fixedly connected with base (2), antenna rib (1) quantity is not more than 10, is uniformly laid on every antenna rib (1) and is no less than 28 target points, on every antenna rib (1) Target spot diameter is not less than 6mm, is uniformly laid on every antenna rib (1) and is no less than 5 encoded points, on every antenna rib (1) Coding spot diameter be not less than 3mm, the target point and encoded point on every antenna rib (1) are misaligned.
- A kind of existed 3. according to claim 2 based on photogrammetric high and low temperature environment Light deformation method of testing, its feature In：In the first step, base (2) uses hollow cylindrical structure, and the material of base (2) uses invar, base (2) upper surface Uniformly laid close to fringe region and be no less than 18 target points, the target spot diameter of base (2) upper surface is not less than 6mm, base (2) upper surface lays no less than 6 encoded points close to fringe region at equal intervals, and the coding spot diameter of base (2) is not less than 3mm, the target point and encoded point of base (2) upper surface are misaligned.
- A kind of existed 4. according to claim 1 based on photogrammetric high and low temperature environment Light deformation method of testing, its feature In：In the first step, platform (4) uses solid cube structure, and the material of platform (4) uses marble, the weight of platform (4) Amount is not less than 1t, and the minimum spacing of platform (4) and antenna rib (1) is set to 10mm.
- A kind of existed 5. according to claim 1 based on photogrammetric high and low temperature environment Light deformation method of testing, its feature In：In the second step, station meter (5) is not less than 800mm photogrammetric dedicated fiducial chi, two station meters using length (5) material uses carbon fiber, and two station meters (5) are mutually perpendicular to, and one is placed on base (2) one end station meter (5), separately One station meter (5) is placed on platform (4).
- A kind of existed 6. according to claim 1 based on photogrammetric high and low temperature environment Light deformation method of testing, its feature In：In the second step, incubator (6) is not less than 5.5m × 5.5m × 4m walk-in type high-low temperature chamber, incubator using inside dimension (6) minimum spacing of inwall and antenna rib (1) is set to 1m, and incubator (6) internal pressure is set to normal pressure.
- A kind of existed 7. according to claim 6 based on photogrammetric high and low temperature environment Light deformation method of testing, its feature In：In the second step, incubator (6), which has, provides high temperature and low temperature functional；20 DEG C~100 DEG C of high-temperature temperature section satisfaction is low Warm temperature range meets 20 DEG C~-70 DEG C.
- A kind of existed 8. according to claim 1 based on photogrammetric high and low temperature environment Light deformation method of testing, its feature In：In 3rd step, first layer surveys road at the 2.5m on the outside of some overall envelopes of antenna rib (1), and the second layer is surveyed Road is respectively provided with 9 survey stations per Ceng Ce roads at the 2m on the outside of some overall envelopes of antenna rib (1), and each survey station utilizes Camera (7) is by 3 points of shooting antenna rib (1) integral planar view fields, 0 ° and vertical 90 ° each one of every camera level, each Survey station totally 6 photos.
- A kind of existed 9. according to claim 1 based on photogrammetric high and low temperature environment Light deformation method of testing, its feature In：In 4th step, it is 1ms initially to adjust camera (7) time for exposure, exposure intensity 7, according to taken a picture middle picture point picture Plain gray scale and turgor accordingly increase or decrease time for exposure and exposure intensity；Scanning is adjusted in industrial photogrammetry software Scope, X is to pixel coverage 2~200, Y-direction pixel coverage 2~200, indicates pixel quantity 4~3000, ignore shape smoothness, Overexposure and brightness.
- A kind of existed 10. according to claim 1 based on photogrammetric high and low temperature environment Light deformation method of testing, its feature In：In 5th step, after image scanning processing, mark point recognition, images match, the intersection of spatial point triangle and bundle adjustment The three-dimensional coordinate of object under test is obtained, establishes overall adjustment model：Wherein：X1, X2 and X3 are respectively the correction number vector of photograph elements of exterior orientation, mark point coordinates and camera intrinsic parameter；A1、 A2 and A3 is respectively corresponding coefficient matrix；L1 is the observation vector of mark picpointed coordinate；V1 is the power of mark picpointed coordinate Matrix；L3 is the virtual observation vector of inner parameter, generally null vector；V3 is the power square of inner parameter dummy observation Battle array.
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| CN110967206A (en) * | 2019-10-31 | 2020-04-07 | 北京卫星制造厂有限公司 | Device and method for measuring relative pose relationship of end surfaces of elongated pieces in high-temperature and low-temperature environments |
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