CN107883674A - A kind of drying means of ginkgo leaf - Google Patents
A kind of drying means of ginkgo leaf Download PDFInfo
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- CN107883674A CN107883674A CN201610864363.9A CN201610864363A CN107883674A CN 107883674 A CN107883674 A CN 107883674A CN 201610864363 A CN201610864363 A CN 201610864363A CN 107883674 A CN107883674 A CN 107883674A
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- ginkgo leaf
- heating
- time
- water content
- heat time
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Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F26—DRYING
- F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
- F26B3/00—Drying solid materials or objects by processes involving the application of heat
- F26B3/32—Drying solid materials or objects by processes involving the application of heat by development of heat within the materials or objects to be dried, e.g. by fermentation or other microbiological action
- F26B3/34—Drying solid materials or objects by processes involving the application of heat by development of heat within the materials or objects to be dried, e.g. by fermentation or other microbiological action by using electrical effects
- F26B3/347—Electromagnetic heating, e.g. induction heating or heating using microwave energy
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/80—Food processing, e.g. use of renewable energies or variable speed drives in handling, conveying or stacking
- Y02P60/85—Food storage or conservation, e.g. cooling or drying
Abstract
A kind of drying means of ginkgo leaf, the ginkgo leaf after harvesting is thermally dried with microwave dryer, and heating times are more than 2 times, and after the completion of preceding once heating, certain interval of time once heats after carrying out again.The inventive method is advantageous to preserve active component to greatest extent, while easy to operate, easily controllable, time saving and energy saving, saves the energy, a kind of new process is provided for the drying of ginkgo leaf.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of drying means of ginkgo leaf, belong to medicinal plant manufacture field.
Background technology
Ginkgo leaf is Ginkgoaceae plant Ginkgo biloba Ginkgo Biolaba blade.The main active of ginkgo biloba p.e
For flavonoids and ginkgolides class compound, not only there is significant treatment in terms for the treatment of angiocardiopathy, the nervous system disease
Effect and extensive purposes, but also progressively expand to the fields such as cosmetics, health products, food.
The ginkgo leaf of freshly harvested contains more moisture, and the ginkgo leaf water content difference of different times harvesting is very big, needs
Divulge information and save backup again after drying.In general the drying mode of conventional ginkgo leaf, which has, dries or dries, dries.Grind
Study carefully and show, shine drying method GINKGO BILOBA EXTRACT loss it is more, drying relatively dry GINKGO BILOBA EXTRACT loss it is slightly smaller, drying in the shade and (drying) is advantageous to
The preservation of active component.Rainy weather is run into, how overcast and rainy the particularly Sichuan Basin is, in order to preferably ensure quality of medicinal material, drying
Often the most frequently used ginkgo leaf drying means.The problem of drying is present is to need more energy supply, and using energy source is imitated
Rate is not high, heats heterogeneity, if stirred not in time, may result in that some is burned, and some is not dried also, it is difficult to is protected
Demonstrate,prove the stability of quality of medicinal material.
Microwave drying is to utilize dielectric loss principle, the process being thermally dried using ultra high frequency electrical field to material, tool
There is homogeneous heating, speed is fast, and the property of can be chosen heating, control is timely, the features such as being quick on the draw.Microwave drying has been used for medicine
Drying, sterilization, and the quick dewatering drying of high-end food.Microwave has been utilized to heat the report dried for ginkgo leaf at present
Road, good effect is achieved, but equipment used in relevant report is household microwave oven, it is clear that be unsuitable for heavy industrialization
Using.
The content of the invention
The invention provides a kind of drying means of ginkgo leaf, and the ginkgo leaf after harvesting is carried out with microwave dryer
Heat drying, microwave frequency are 915 ± 30MHz~2450 ± 30MHz, and heating times are more than 2 times (including 2 times), and previous
After the completion of secondary heating, once heated after being carried out again after at least 1min of interval.
It is heated to be quick high-temp heating for 1st time, to destroy the organized enzyme in ginkgo leaf, avoids in heating process later
Active component is damaged.
2nd time and later heating power it is slightly lower, the heat time compared with longer for the first time, avoids temperature is too high in short-term from making
Active components are degraded.
Preferably, the microwave frequency of microwave dryer is 2450 ± 30MHz, and the power of microwave operational is 3~10KW.
In order that the preceding moisture once heated fully escapes, and avoids laser heating from making ginkgo leaf temp too high, it is preceding once
Heating and a rear heating time period are preferably 2~5min.
Ginkgo leaf charging thickness is 2~8cm in the present invention.
Preferably, ginkgo leaf charging thickness is 8cm.
Preferably, heating times are 2 times, and the 1st heating power be 10KW, and the heat time is 30~60s, are heated for the 2nd time
Power is 5KW, and the heat time is 2~3min.
Preferably, heating times are 3 times, and the 1st heating power be 10KW, and the heat time is 30~60s, are heated for the 2nd time
Power is 5KW, and the heat time is 2~3min, and the 3rd heating power is 3KW, and the heat time is 1~2min.
It is further preferred that if the ginkgo leaf water content of harvesting is higher, the 4th, the 5th ... ... can also be carried out, even
The heating of more numbers, the 4th or later heating power are 3KW, and the heat time is 1~2min.
The dried water content of ginkgo leaf can determine according to the weather and holding time of different regions, preserve for a long time best
Less than 12%.
The present invention is determined including heating power, heat time, heat-up periods time, material thickness by largely testing
Etc. a series of technological parameter.The inventive method is advantageous to preserve active component to greatest extent, it is particularly advantageous to protect phase
To unstable GINKGO BILOBA EXTRACT.It is easily controllable meanwhile the inventive method is easy to operate, it is time saving and energy saving, the energy is saved, is ginkgo
The drying of leaf provides a kind of new process.
Embodiment
With reference to specific embodiment, the invention will be further described, but should not be construed as limiting the invention.
Ginkgo leaf source in all examples below：Pick up from the leafiness of Sichuan Pengzhou mid-August.
Influence of the material thickness of embodiment 1 to drying effect
Test procedure：
(1) will fill thickness respectively 1,2,5,8, the material disc of the ginkgo leaf of 12cm new harvesting is put into microwave frequency and is
In 2450MHz microwave dryer；
(2) the 1st heating powers are 10KW, heat time 60s, and the 2nd heating is carried out after being spaced 2min, are added for the 2nd time
Thermal power is 5KW, heat time 3min；
(3) dried ginkgo leaf is taken out, water content is detected with halogen fast tester for water content.
As a result：
(1) directly observe：Thickness is that 1cm ginkgo leaf part is a bit sallow, is easily crumbed；Thickness is that 10cm ginkgo leaf has
Part colours compare change less with what this was picked, are not easy to crumb；The leaf color of 2~8cm thickness is slightly partially yellow green grass or young crops
Color, frangibility.
(2) water content：After testing, the ginkgo leaf water content that thickness is 12cm is 18.6%, and remaining is all below 12%.
| Material thickness (cm) | 1 | 2 | 5 | 8 | 12 |
| Water content (%) | 9.9 | 10.6 | 11.2 | 11.9 | 18.6 |
Conclusion：Material thickness is that 2~8cm is appropriate, and the comprehensive efficiency of heating surface, human cost etc. consider that 8cm is most suitable for advising greatly
Mould industrial production.
Influence of the different disposal number of embodiment 2 to drying effect
Test procedure：
(1) material disc for the ginkgo leaf for filling the new harvesting that thickness is 8cm is put into the microwave that microwave frequency is 2450MHz
In drying equipment, it is A, B that 2 material discs are numbered respectively；
(2) the 1st heating power of material disc A is 10KW, heat time 60s, and the 2nd heating is carried out after being spaced 2min,
2nd heating power is 5KW, heat time 3min；The 1st heating power of material disc B is 10KW, heat time 60s,
The 2nd heating is carried out after 2min, the 2nd heating power is 5KW, heat time 3min, and carrying out the 3rd time after the 2min of interval adds
Heat, heating power 3KW, heat time 2min；
(3) dried ginkgo leaf is taken out, water content is detected with halogen fast tester for water content.
As a result：
(1) directly observe：The ginkgo leaf color of A disks is slightly shallower than the ginkgo leaf of B disks, and difference is little；Both easily crumb.
(2) water content：After testing, the ginkgo leaf water content of A disks is that the ginkgo leaf water content of 11.7%, B disks is 11.0%.
Conclusion：
From the point of view of drying effect, ginkgo leaf can be dried well for 2 heatings and 3 heatings, 3 heating
Method effect is slightly excellent.If the new leaf water content of harvesting is higher, it is proposed that with the heating means of 3 times or more numbers, meets until reaching
It is required that water content.
Influence of the different intervals to drying effect between the front and rear heating of embodiment 3
Test procedure：
(1) material disc for the ginkgo leaf for filling the new harvesting that thickness is 8cm is put into the microwave that microwave frequency is 2450MHz
In drying equipment, it is A, B, C that 3 material discs are numbered respectively；
(2) the 1st heating power of A disks is 10KW, heat time 60s, and carrying out the 2nd time after the 1min of interval heats, the 2nd time
Heating power is 5KW, heat time 3min；The 1st heating power of B disks is 10KW, heat time 60s, after being spaced 2min
The 2nd heating is carried out, the 2nd heating power is 5KW, heat time 3min；The 1st heating power of C disks is 10KW, during heating
Between be 60s, be spaced 5min after carries out the 2nd time heat, the 2nd heating power is 5KW, heat time 3min；
(3) dried ginkgo leaf is taken out, water content is detected with halogen fast tester for water content.
As a result：
(1) directly observe：The ginkgo leaf color of A disks is slightly shallower than B, C disk, and difference is little between B, C disk；Ginkgo in 3 disks
Leaf is all easily crumbed, and the ginkgo leaf in A disks is slightly more tough.
(2) water content：After testing, the ginkgo leaf water content of A disks is for the ginkgo leaf water content of 11.8%, B disks
11.5%, the ginkgo leaf water content of C disks is 11.6%.
Conclusion：
From the point of view of drying effect, the ginkgo leaf water content that front and rear heating time period is 1min is higher than interval time
The water content of 2min, 5min ginkgo leaf, 2~5min interval time are proper.
The 1st influence of the heat time to active component content of embodiment 4
(1) material disc for the ginkgo leaf for filling the new harvesting that thickness is 8cm is put into the microwave that microwave frequency is 2450MHz
In drying equipment, it is A, B, C, D that 4 material discs are numbered respectively；
(2) the 1st heating power of material disc A is 10KW, heat time 10s, and the 2nd heating is carried out after being spaced 2min,
2nd heating power is 5KW, heat time 3min；The 1st heating power of material disc B is 10KW, heat time 30s,
The 2nd heating is carried out after 2min, the 2nd heating power is 5KW, heat time 3min；The 1st heating power of material disc C
For 10KW, heat time 60s, it is spaced after 2min and carries out the 2nd time and heat, the 2nd time heating power is 5KW, and the heat time is
3min；The 1st heating power of material disc D is 10KW, heat time 90s, and the 2nd heating is carried out after being spaced 2min, is added for the 2nd time
Thermal power is 5KW, heat time 3min；
(3) the dried ginkgo leaf of fraction is taken out, water content is detected with halogen fast tester for water content；
(4) take it is remaining it is partially dried after ginkgo leaf, be respectively divided into 2 parts, portion is used to extract ginkgolides, another use
Respective content is determined in extraction GINKGO BILOBA EXTRACT, and with HPLC methods, extraction and assay method are conventional method.
As a result：
(1) directly observe：Each disk ginkgo leaf differences in appearance is little, and A disk colors are slightly shallow, and D disk colors are slightly deep；Silver in four disks
Apricot leaf is all easily crumbed.
(2) water content：After testing, the ginkgo leaf water content of A disks is that the ginkgo leaf water content of 12.1%, B disks is 11.8%,
The ginkgo leaf water content of C disks is that the ginkgo leaf water content of 11.6%, D disks is 11.4%.
(3) active component content：A disk ginkgo leaf total flavonoids content is 13.67mg/g, and B disk ginkgo leaf total flavonoid contents are
13.82mg/g, C disk ginkgo leaf total flavonoid content are 13.73mg/g, and D disk ginkgo leaf total flavonoids content is 12.26mg/g；A disks silver
Apricot leaf total lactones content is 3.35mg/g, and B disk ginkgo biloba leaf total terpene lactones content is 3.49mg/g, and C disk ginkgo biloba leaf total terpene lactone contents are
3.46mg/g, D disk ginkgo biloba leaf total terpene lactone content are 3.32mg/g
Conclusion：Heat time first time has a great influence to active component content, and 30~60s is advantageous to the guarantor of active component
Deposit, the time is too short or the oversize preservation to active component is all unfavorable.
Conclusion：
From the point of view of drying effect, ginkgo leaf can be dried well for 2 heatings and 3 heatings, 3 heating
Method effect is slightly excellent.If the new leaf water content of harvesting is higher, it is proposed that with the heating means of 3 times or more numbers, meets until reaching
It is required that water content.
The 2nd influence of the heat time to active component content of embodiment 5
Test procedure：
(1) material disc for the ginkgo leaf for filling the new harvesting that thickness is 8cm is put into the microwave that microwave frequency is 2450MHz
In drying equipment, it is A, B, C, D that 4 material discs are numbered respectively；
(2) the 1st heating power of material disc A is 10KW, heat time 60s, and the 2nd heating is carried out after being spaced 2min,
2nd heating power is 5KW, heat time 1min；The 1st heating power of material disc B is 10KW, heat time 60s,
The 2nd heating is carried out after 2min, the 2nd heating power is 5KW, heat time 2min；The 1st heating power of material disc C
For 10KW, heat time 60s, it is spaced after 2min and carries out the 2nd time and heat, the 2nd time heating power is 5KW, and the heat time is
3min；The 1st heating power of material disc D is 10KW, heat time 60s, and the 2nd heating is carried out after being spaced 2min, is added for the 2nd time
Thermal power is 5KW, heat time 5min；
(3) the dried ginkgo leaf of fraction is taken out, water content is detected with halogen fast tester for water content；
(4) take it is remaining it is partially dried after ginkgo leaf, be respectively divided into 2 parts, portion is used to extract ginkgolides, another use
Respective content is determined in extraction GINKGO BILOBA EXTRACT, and with HPLC methods, extraction and assay method are conventional method.
As a result：
(1) directly observe：A disk colors are slightly shallow, have small part blade to dry not thorough, it is not easy to crumb；D disks color is slightly
It is deep；B, the ginkgo leaf in C, D disk is all easily crumbed.
(2) water content：After testing, the ginkgo leaf water content of A disks is that the ginkgo leaf water content of 12.5%, B disks is 11.8%,
The ginkgo leaf water content of C disks is that the ginkgo leaf water content of 11.6%, D disks is 11.1%.
(3) active component content：A disk ginkgo leaf total flavonoids content is 13.55mg/g, and B disk ginkgo leaf total flavonoid contents are
13.53mg/g, C disk ginkgo leaf total flavonoid content are 13.57mg/g, and D disk ginkgo leaf total flavonoids content is 13.49mg/g；A disks silver
Apricot leaf total lactones content is 3.43mg/g, and B disk ginkgo biloba leaf total terpene lactones content is 3.46mg/g, and C disk ginkgo biloba leaf total terpene lactone contents are
3.48mg/g, D disk ginkgo biloba leaf total terpene lactone content are 3.42mg/g
Conclusion：After other specification restriction, second of heat time preserves certain influence to active component, but is not so good as
Heat time first time influences greatly, to consider, it is more suitable that the heat time is limited to 2~3min.
The inventive method of embodiment 6 is used to dry the higher ginkgo leaf of water content
(1) material disc for the ginkgo leaf for filling the new harvesting that thickness is 8cm is put into the microwave that microwave frequency is 2450MHz
In drying equipment, it is A, B, C that 3 material discs are numbered respectively；
(2) the 1st heating power of material disc A is 10KW, heat time 60s, and the 2nd heating is carried out after being spaced 2min,
2nd heating power is 5KW, heat time 3min；
The 1st heating power of material disc B is 10KW, heat time 60s, and carrying out the 2nd time after the 2min of interval heats, the 2nd
Secondary heating power is 5KW, heat time 3min, and the 3rd heating, heating power 3KW, heat time are carried out after being spaced 2min
For 2min；
The 1st heating power of material disc C is 10KW, heat time 60s, and carrying out the 2nd time after the 2min of interval heats, the 2nd
Secondary heating power is 5KW, heat time 3min, and the 3rd heating, heating power 3KW, heat time are carried out after being spaced 2min
For 2min；The 4th heating, heating power 3KW, heat time 2min are carried out after being spaced 1min.
(3) dried ginkgo leaf is taken out, water content is detected with halogen fast tester for water content.
As a result：
(1) directly observe：Degree of drying：A ＜ B ＜ C, A, B disks blade slightly toughness, A disks is most not easy to crumb, and B disks are easier to
Crumb, C disks are most easily crumbed.
(2) water content：After testing, the ginkgo leaf water content of A disks is that the ginkgo leaf water content of 11.5%, B disks is 10.9%,
The ginkgo leaf water content of C disks is 10.7%.
Conclusion：
The higher blade of water content, suitable heating for multiple times are dried.
The inventive method of embodiment 7 is compared with conventional drying methods
Method and step：
(1) ginkgo leaf of the new harvesting of 3 parts of identical weights is taken, is put into material disc, is respectively labeled as A, B, C, D disk；
(2) A disks are dried with the method for the embodiment of the present invention 1, ulking thickness 8cm；B disks dry in the shade naturally；C disks are too
Dried under sun；The 60 DEG C of drying of Electric heat oven of D disks；
(3) the dried ginkgo leaf of fraction is taken out, water content is detected with halogen fast tester for water content；
(4) take it is remaining it is partially dried after ginkgo leaf, be respectively divided into 2 parts, portion is used to extract ginkgolides, another use
Respective content is determined in extraction GINKGO BILOBA EXTRACT, and with HPLC methods, extraction and assay method are conventional method.
As a result：
(1) directly observe：A, C, D disk drying effect are preferable, easily crumb, and B disks are through naturally dry two days later, still so not
Easily crumb.
(2) water content：After testing, water content is that the ginkgo leaf water content of 11.6%, B disks is 18.5%, C disks in A disks
Ginkgo leaf water content is that the ginkgo leaf water content of 10.3%, D disks is 10.1%.
(3) active component content：A disk ginkgo leaf total flavonoids content is 14.89mg/g, and B disk ginkgo leaf total flavonoid contents are
13.87mg/g, C disk ginkgo leaf total flavonoid content are 12.64mg/g, and D disk ginkgo leaf total flavonoids content is 13.11mg/g；A disks silver
Apricot leaf total lactones content is 3.51mg/g, and B disk ginkgo biloba leaf total terpene lactones content is 3.45mg/g, and C disk ginkgo biloba leaf total terpene lactone contents are
3.26mg/g, D disk ginkgo biloba leaf total terpene lactone content are 3.31mg/g.
Conclusion：Drying method is shone, Total Ginkgo Flavone-Glycoides and lactone loss are most, and the preservation effect for active component that dries in the shade is better than
Drying, preservation of the inventive method most beneficial for active component Total Ginkgo Flavone-Glycoides and total lactones.
To sum up, the present invention is by the screening to a series of technological parameter, for ginkgo leaf drying provide it is a kind of newly
Process, the inventive method is easy to operate, easily controllable, time saving and energy saving, saves the energy, and compares and dry in the shade, dry, drying,
The active component in ginkgo leaf can be effectively preserved to a greater degree, it is particularly advantageous to the preservation of Total Ginkgo Flavone-Glycoides.
Claims (8)
- A kind of 1. drying means of ginkgo leaf, it is characterised in that：By the ginkgo leaf after harvesting, heated with microwave dryer To dry, microwave frequency is 915 ± 30MHz~2450 ± 30MHz, and heating times are more than 2 times, and after the completion of preceding once heating, Once heated after being carried out again after at least 1min of interval.
- 2. the method as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that：Microwave frequency is 2450 ± 30MHz, microwave power is 3~ 10KW。
- 3. the method as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that：Preceding once heating and a rear 2~5min of heating time period.
- 4. the method as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that：Ginkgo leaf charging thickness is 2~8cm.
- 5. method as claimed in claim 4, it is characterised in that：Ginkgo leaf charging thickness is 8cm.
- 6. the method as described in Claims 1 to 5, it is characterised in that：Heating times are 2 times, and the 1st heating power is 10KW, Heat time is 30~60s, and the 2nd heating power is 5KW, and the heat time is 2~3min.
- 7. the method as described in Claims 1 to 5, it is characterised in that：Heating times are 3 times, and the 1st heating power is 10KW, Heat time is 30~60s, and the 2nd heating power is 5KW, and the heat time is 2~3min, and the 3rd time heating power is 3KW, is added The hot time is 1~2min.
- 8. method as claimed in claim 7, it is characterised in that：N-th heating can also be carried out, until ginkgo leaf water content is low In 15%, n-th heating power is 3KW, and the heat time is 1~2min, and wherein N is the natural number more than or equal to 4.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201610864363.9A CN107883674A (en) | 2016-09-29 | 2016-09-29 | A kind of drying means of ginkgo leaf |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201610864363.9A CN107883674A (en) | 2016-09-29 | 2016-09-29 | A kind of drying means of ginkgo leaf |
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ID=61769871
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Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20030127454A1 (en) * | 2002-01-04 | 2003-07-10 | Pao-Hsien Fang | Apparatus for the production of ginkgo leaf tea |
| CN103444907A (en) * | 2013-09-24 | 2013-12-18 | 福建省农业科学院农业工程技术研究所 | Preparing method of soaking-free bean curd skin |
| CN104920731A (en) * | 2015-06-30 | 2015-09-23 | 贵州省果树科学研究所 | Microwave drying method for preparation of pitaya flower tea |
| CN205351969U (en) * | 2016-01-29 | 2016-06-29 | 山东天力干燥股份有限公司 | Donkey -hide gelatin drying system |
-
2016
- 2016-09-29 CN CN201610864363.9A patent/CN107883674A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20030127454A1 (en) * | 2002-01-04 | 2003-07-10 | Pao-Hsien Fang | Apparatus for the production of ginkgo leaf tea |
| CN103444907A (en) * | 2013-09-24 | 2013-12-18 | 福建省农业科学院农业工程技术研究所 | Preparing method of soaking-free bean curd skin |
| CN104920731A (en) * | 2015-06-30 | 2015-09-23 | 贵州省果树科学研究所 | Microwave drying method for preparation of pitaya flower tea |
| CN205351969U (en) * | 2016-01-29 | 2016-06-29 | 山东天力干燥股份有限公司 | Donkey -hide gelatin drying system |
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| Title |
|---|
| 张东方等: "《中药现代分离技术》", 31 May 2006, 辽宁大学出版社 * |
| 鞠兴荣等: "微波干燥对银杏叶中有效成分的影响", 《食品科学》 * |
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