CN107882623A - 接头组件 - Google Patents

接头组件 Download PDF

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Publication number
CN107882623A
CN107882623A CN201710833903.1A CN201710833903A CN107882623A CN 107882623 A CN107882623 A CN 107882623A CN 201710833903 A CN201710833903 A CN 201710833903A CN 107882623 A CN107882623 A CN 107882623A
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China
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annular portion
inner diameter
pipe
tube
arc
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Granted
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CN201710833903.1A
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CN107882623B (zh
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N·A·尼亚兹
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Perkins Engines Co Ltd
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Perkins Engines Co Ltd
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16L—PIPES; JOINTS OR FITTINGS FOR PIPES; SUPPORTS FOR PIPES, CABLES OR PROTECTIVE TUBING; MEANS FOR THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16L37/00—Couplings of the quick-acting type
    • F16L37/08—Couplings of the quick-acting type in which the connection between abutting or axially overlapping ends is maintained by locking members
    • F16L37/10—Couplings of the quick-acting type in which the connection between abutting or axially overlapping ends is maintained by locking members using a rotary external sleeve or ring on one part
    • F16L37/101—Couplings of the quick-acting type in which the connection between abutting or axially overlapping ends is maintained by locking members using a rotary external sleeve or ring on one part in which the coupling is coaxial with the pipe
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16L—PIPES; JOINTS OR FITTINGS FOR PIPES; SUPPORTS FOR PIPES, CABLES OR PROTECTIVE TUBING; MEANS FOR THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16L25/00—Constructive types of pipe joints not provided for in groups F16L13/00 - F16L23/00 ; Details of pipe joints not otherwise provided for, e.g. electrically conducting or insulating means
    • F16L25/12—Joints for pipes being spaced apart axially
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N13/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00
    • F01N13/18—Construction facilitating manufacture, assembly, or disassembly
    • F01N13/1838—Construction facilitating manufacture, assembly, or disassembly characterised by the type of connection between parts of exhaust or silencing apparatus, e.g. between housing and tubes, between tubes and baffles
    • F01N13/1844—Mechanical joints
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N13/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00
    • F01N13/009—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00 having two or more separate purifying devices arranged in series
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N13/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00
    • F01N13/08—Other arrangements or adaptations of exhaust conduits
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N13/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00
    • F01N13/18—Construction facilitating manufacture, assembly, or disassembly
    • F01N13/1805—Fixing exhaust manifolds, exhaust pipes or pipe sections to each other, to engine or to vehicle body
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N13/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00
    • F01N13/18—Construction facilitating manufacture, assembly, or disassembly
    • F01N13/1805—Fixing exhaust manifolds, exhaust pipes or pipe sections to each other, to engine or to vehicle body
    • F01N13/1811—Fixing exhaust manifolds, exhaust pipes or pipe sections to each other, to engine or to vehicle body with means permitting relative movement, e.g. compensation of thermal expansion or vibration
    • F01N13/1816—Fixing exhaust manifolds, exhaust pipes or pipe sections to each other, to engine or to vehicle body with means permitting relative movement, e.g. compensation of thermal expansion or vibration the pipe sections being joined together by flexible tubular elements only, e.g. using bellows or strip-wound pipes
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/02—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust
    • F01N3/021—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
    • F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
    • F01N3/103—Oxidation catalysts for HC and CO only
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
    • F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
    • F01N3/105—General auxiliary catalysts, e.g. upstream or downstream of the main catalyst
    • F01N3/106—Auxiliary oxidation catalysts
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
    • F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
    • F01N3/18—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control
    • F01N3/20—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control specially adapted for catalytic conversion ; Methods of operation or control of catalytic converters
    • F01N3/2066—Selective catalytic reduction [SCR]
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16L—PIPES; JOINTS OR FITTINGS FOR PIPES; SUPPORTS FOR PIPES, CABLES OR PROTECTIVE TUBING; MEANS FOR THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16L19/00—Joints in which sealing surfaces are pressed together by means of a member, e.g. a swivel nut, screwed on or into one of the joint parts
    • F16L19/02—Pipe ends provided with collars or flanges, integral with the pipe or not, pressed together by a screwed member
    • F16L19/025—Pipe ends provided with collars or flanges, integral with the pipe or not, pressed together by a screwed member the pipe ends having integral collars or flanges
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16L—PIPES; JOINTS OR FITTINGS FOR PIPES; SUPPORTS FOR PIPES, CABLES OR PROTECTIVE TUBING; MEANS FOR THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16L19/00—Joints in which sealing surfaces are pressed together by means of a member, e.g. a swivel nut, screwed on or into one of the joint parts
    • F16L19/04—Joints in which sealing surfaces are pressed together by means of a member, e.g. a swivel nut, screwed on or into one of the joint parts using additional rigid rings, sealing directly on at least one pipe end, which is flared either before or during the making of the connection
    • F16L19/041—Joints in which sealing surfaces are pressed together by means of a member, e.g. a swivel nut, screwed on or into one of the joint parts using additional rigid rings, sealing directly on at least one pipe end, which is flared either before or during the making of the connection the ring being an insert
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16L—PIPES; JOINTS OR FITTINGS FOR PIPES; SUPPORTS FOR PIPES, CABLES OR PROTECTIVE TUBING; MEANS FOR THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16L21/00—Joints with sleeve or socket
    • F16L21/002—Sleeves or nipples for pipes of the same diameter; Reduction pieces
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16L—PIPES; JOINTS OR FITTINGS FOR PIPES; SUPPORTS FOR PIPES, CABLES OR PROTECTIVE TUBING; MEANS FOR THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16L25/00—Constructive types of pipe joints not provided for in groups F16L13/00 - F16L23/00 ; Details of pipe joints not otherwise provided for, e.g. electrically conducting or insulating means
    • F16L25/14—Joints for pipes of different diameters or cross-section
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16L—PIPES; JOINTS OR FITTINGS FOR PIPES; SUPPORTS FOR PIPES, CABLES OR PROTECTIVE TUBING; MEANS FOR THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16L27/00—Adjustable joints, Joints allowing movement
    • F16L27/02—Universal joints, i.e. with mechanical connection allowing angular movement or adjustment of the axes of the parts in any direction
    • F16L27/04—Universal joints, i.e. with mechanical connection allowing angular movement or adjustment of the axes of the parts in any direction with partly spherical engaging surfaces
    • F16L27/044—Universal joints, i.e. with mechanical connection allowing angular movement or adjustment of the axes of the parts in any direction with partly spherical engaging surfaces specially adapted for tubing between vehicles
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16L—PIPES; JOINTS OR FITTINGS FOR PIPES; SUPPORTS FOR PIPES, CABLES OR PROTECTIVE TUBING; MEANS FOR THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16L27/00—Adjustable joints, Joints allowing movement
    • F16L27/02—Universal joints, i.e. with mechanical connection allowing angular movement or adjustment of the axes of the parts in any direction
    • F16L27/04—Universal joints, i.e. with mechanical connection allowing angular movement or adjustment of the axes of the parts in any direction with partly spherical engaging surfaces
    • F16L27/047—Universal joints, i.e. with mechanical connection allowing angular movement or adjustment of the axes of the parts in any direction with partly spherical engaging surfaces held in place by a screwed member having an internal spherical surface
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16L—PIPES; JOINTS OR FITTINGS FOR PIPES; SUPPORTS FOR PIPES, CABLES OR PROTECTIVE TUBING; MEANS FOR THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16L9/00—Rigid pipes
    • F16L9/006—Rigid pipes specially profiled
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2450/00—Methods or apparatus for fitting, inserting or repairing different elements
    • F01N2450/20—Methods or apparatus for fitting, inserting or repairing different elements by mechanical joints, e.g. by deforming housing, tube, baffle plate or parts thereof
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2610/00—Adding substances to exhaust gases
    • F01N2610/02—Adding substances to exhaust gases the substance being ammonia or urea
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16L—PIPES; JOINTS OR FITTINGS FOR PIPES; SUPPORTS FOR PIPES, CABLES OR PROTECTIVE TUBING; MEANS FOR THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16L27/00—Adjustable joints, Joints allowing movement
    • F16L27/02—Universal joints, i.e. with mechanical connection allowing angular movement or adjustment of the axes of the parts in any direction
    • F16L27/04—Universal joints, i.e. with mechanical connection allowing angular movement or adjustment of the axes of the parts in any direction with partly spherical engaging surfaces
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
    • Y02T10/12—Improving ICE efficiencies

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Toxicology (AREA)
  • Exhaust Gas After Treatment (AREA)

Abstract

本发明提供了一种用于连接具有第一内径的第一管(40)和具有大于第一内径的第二内径的第二管(42)的接头组件(50)。接头组件(50)包括环形部分(51)，环形部分(51)包括限定通过环形部分(51)的流动路径的环形壁，并且该环形部分被配置为连接到第一管(40)并且与第二管(42)紧密配合。接头组件(50)还包括夹固部分(61)，该夹固部分(61)被配置为将第二管(42)夹固在环形部分(51)的外表面(55)与夹固部分(61)的内表面之间。环形部分(51)的内径从环形部分(51)的第一端处的第一内径到环形部分(51)的第二端处的第二内径以渐变方式变化。环形部分(51)的第一内径基本上等于第一管(40)的内径。环形部分(51)的第二内径基本上等于第二管(42)的内径。环形部分(51)的内表面在环形部分(51)的第一端和环形部分(51)的第二端之间逐渐变小。环形部分(51)在环形部分(51)的第一端处比在环形部分(51)的第二端处厚。

Description

接头组件
技术领域
本发明涉及接头组件，并且更特别地涉及用于内燃机的后处理系统的接头组件。
背景技术
发动机——例如燃烧汽油、柴油或生物燃料的内燃机——输出必须被处理以满足当前和未来排放法规的各种物质。最常见的是，这些物质包括碳氢化合物(HC)、一氧化碳(CO)、一氧化氮(NOx)以及诸如碳(C)、烟灰成分的颗粒物质。可以通过仔细控制发动机的操作条件来减少这些物质中的一些，但是通常需要在发动机下游提供后处理模块来处理被夹带进排放气体中的物质中的至少一些物质。
用于减少和/或消除排放中的成分的各种装置是已知的。通过这些方法，可以清洁发动机排放，这意味着否则将释放到大气中的一部分物质替代地转化为二氧化碳(CO2)、氮气(N2)和水(H2O)。
例如，已知提供氧化装置——例如柴油氧化催化剂(DOC)——以减少或消除碳氢化合物(HC)和/或一氧化碳(CO)。氧化装置通常包括催化剂以将这些物质转化为二氧化碳和水。
作为另一示例，后处理模块可以包括过滤装置以限制存在于排放气体中的颗粒被输出到大气中。在过滤装置中收集的烟灰必须随后被去除，以保持过滤装置的效率。烟灰可以从过滤装置中去除的方法是本领域公知的，并且通常可以称为在升高的温度下进行的再生。
此外，已知通过选择性催化还原(SCR)来减少或消除柴油燃烧排放中的单氮氧化物(NOx)。在典型的SCR系统中，尿素或基于尿素的水溶液与排放气体混合。在一些应用中，尿素溶液通过专门的注射器装置直接注入排气通道。注入的尿素溶液与排放气体混合并分解，以在排放流中提供氨(NH3)。然后，氨在催化剂处与排气中的氮氧化物(NOx)反应以提供氮气(N2)和水(H2O)。
这种后处理系统通常被模块化地封装，其中，导管流体地连接顺序模块。通常期望为后处理系统提供紧凑的布置，以便最小化机器内的后处理系统所需的空间。用于后处理系统的紧凑布置可以通过使用用于导管的柔性管来促进。然而，这种柔性管道可能增加后处理系统的成本。刚性管是一种更具成本效益的解决方案，但使用刚性管来使不同尺寸的管互相连接通常需要额外的过渡管道，这可能会增加后处理系统的总体尺寸。因此，使后处理系统的成本最小化同时保持紧凑的布置是具有挑战性的。
发明内容
本发明提供了一种用于连接第一管和第二管的接头组件，第一管具有第一内径，第二管具有大于第一内径的第二内径，接头组件包括：
环形部分，该环形部分包括限定通过环形部分的流动路径的环形壁，并且该环形部分被配置为连接到第一管并且与第二管紧密配合；以及
夹固部分，该夹固部分被配置为将第二管夹固在环形部分的外表面与夹固部分的内表面之间；其中，
环形部分的内径从环形部分的第一端处的第一内径到环形部分的第二端处的第二内径以渐变方式变化；
环形部分的第一内径基本上等于第一管的内径；
环形部分的第二内径基本上等于第二管的内径；
环形部分的内表面在环形部分的第一端和环形部分的第二端之间逐渐变小；并且
环形部分在环形部分的第一端比在环形部分的第二端处厚。
仅作为示例，现在参考附图并如附图所示来描述接头组件的实施方式。
附图说明
图1是典型排气后处理系统的框图；
图2是具有根据本发明的接头组件的第一实施方式的示例性后处理系统的透视图；
图3是具有根据本发明的接头组件的第一实施方式的另一示例性后处理系统的透视图；
图4是根据本发明的接头组件的实施方式的分解透视图；
图5是图4的接头组件的截面图；
图6是图4和图5的接头组件的环形部分的剖视透视图；
图7是图4和图5的接头组件的夹固部分的透视图；以及
图8和图9是根据本发明的接头组件的替选实施方式的示意图。
具体实施方式
图1示出了与机器(未示出)的发动机11相关联的典型排气后处理系统10的框图。术语“机器”通常用于描述由发动机通过变速器由机械装置驱动的任何机器。该机器可以是工作机器，例如挖掘装载机。发动机11可以是诸如柴油发动机的内燃机。
后处理系统10可以被模块化地封装，如所示实施方式所示，用于改装到现有发动机上，或者替选地，用于安装在新发动机上。如图1所示，后处理系统10可以包括可以流体地连接到发动机11的排放导管13的第一模块12。第一模块12可以包含各种排放气体处理装置，例如柴油氧化催化剂(DOC)14和柴油颗粒过滤器(DPF)15，但也可以使用其他装置。
传送导管20可以将第一模块12与第二模块21流体地相互连接。第二模块21可以包围SCR催化剂22和氨氧化物催化剂(AMOX)23。AMOX 23可以包括二级SCR催化剂的区域或二级SCR催化剂上的部分涂层。排放出口24可以流体地连接到第二模块21，使得已经通过第二模块21的排放气体可以被释放到大气中。
SCR催化剂22和AMOX 23可以在氨的存在下操作以处理来自发动机11的排放气体。可以通过由喷射器30注入到传送导管20中的排放气体中的基于尿素的水溶液25(通常称为柴油排放流体DEF)的降解来提供氨。DEF 25可以符合ISO 22241标准，并且包含从按重量计31.8％至按重量计33.2％的尿素。可以提供DEF系统29，其中，DEF 25可以容纳在储存器31中，并且可以通过泵32提供到喷射器30，泵32可以位于将储存器31流体地连接到喷射器30的DEF导管33中。泵32可以将DEF系统29加压到操作压力。典型的操作压力可以是5巴或9巴，但是其他操作压力也是可能的，例如小于5巴或大于9巴。为了促进DEF25与传送导管20中的排放气体的混合，混合器34可以沿着传送导管20设置在喷射器30的下游。
图2和图3示出了后处理系统10的两个示例性替选布置。第一模块12和第二模块21可以彼此相邻设置，并且传送导管20设置在它们之间。第一模块12和第二模块21可以以如图2所示的堆叠布置封装，或者以如图3所示的偏移布置来封装。传送导管20可以设置有外部隔离件35。喷射器30可以沿着传送导管20设置。后处理系统10可以被封装成使得喷射器30的位置相对于周围结构在外部，并且因此可以暴露于对流的冷却空气流。
传送导管20可以包括可以相互连接的两个或更多个刚性管。例如，如图4和图5所示，传送导管20可以包括第一管40和第二管42。第一管40可以流体地连接到并且定尺寸为配合来自第一模块12的出口41，并且第二管42可以流体地连接到并且定尺寸为配合至第二模块21的入口(未示出)。第二管42的内径可以大于第一管40的内径。作为非限制性示例，第一管40可以具有基本上为60.5mm的内径，并且第二管42可以具有71.5mm的内径。可以提供接头组件50以使第一管40和第二管42相互连接。
接头组件50可以包括用于连接到第一管40的环形部分(或“部段”)51(在图6中更详细地示出)。环形部分51可以包括环形壁，其可以限定通过环形部分51的流动路径。环形部分51可以具有如下内径：该内径可以从环形部分51的第一端52处的第一内径到环形部分51的第二端53处的第二内径以渐变方式变化，使得环形部分51的内表面54可以逐渐变小。例如，环形部分51的内径可以从环形部分51的第一端52处的第一内径到环形部分51的第二端53处的第二内径以直线方式变化。可替选地，环形部分51的内径可以以非线性方式变化。第二内径可以大于第一内径。第一内径可以基本上等于第一管40的内径，并且第二内径可以基本上等于第二管42的内径。环形部分51可以具有25.9mm的长度。
环形部分51的外表面55可以具有阶梯式弧形轮廓，其中，可以临近第一端52设置第一弧56，并且可以临近第二端53设置第二弧57。第一弧56和第二弧57可以是同轴的，并且第一弧56具有第一半径，以及第二弧57具有第二半径，其中，第一弧56的半径可以大于第二弧57的半径，使得环形部51的外径在第一弧56的区域中比在第二弧57的区域中大。可以在第一弧56和第二弧57之间设置弧过渡部分58。第一弧56的半径与第二弧57的半径之间的差可以等于第二管42的厚度。第二管42的端部44可以被成型和定尺寸为适配于第二弧57上，使得第二管42的端部44的内表面具有与第二弧57互补的轮廓。
接头组件50还可以包括夹固部分61(在图7中更详细地示出)。夹固部分61可以是大致环形的，其具有开口区域62。包括孔(未示出)的外部突出的相对凸缘63可以设置在开口区域62处，使得夹固部分61可以使用螺栓64和螺纹的耳轴65闭合并固定。
夹固部分61通常可以具有截头球形轮廓。截头球形轮廓可以被定义为由两个平行平面界定的球形轮廓，使得球形轮廓在两个相对的端部处截顶，其中，所述两个平行平面优选地与球体中心处的平行平面均等地间隔开。截头球形轮廓可以与第一弧56和第二弧57同轴。
第一管40和第二管42、环形部分51、夹固部分61和焊接接头60可以由任何合适的材料例如不锈钢制成。作为非限制性示例，不锈钢等级441或等级304可以用于任何部件。优选地，用于接头组件50以及第一管40和第二管42的部件的材料可以具有类似的热膨胀系数，以便最小化热应力。
在接头组件50的替选实施方式(图8所示)中，环形部分51的外表面55可以具有水平轮廓，并且第二管42的端部44被成型和定尺寸为适配于水平的外表面55上。本实施方式中的夹固部分61可以包括平带夹固件。
在接头组件50的另一替选实施方式(图9所示)中，环形部分51的外表面55可以包括第一径向突起70。在该实施方式中，第二管42的端部44可以包括焊接或以其他方式适当地接合到第二管42的延伸部件。该延伸部件可以包括可以与第一径向突起70互补的第二径向突起71。夹固部分61可以包括V形带夹固件，其可以适配于第一突起70和第二突起71上。
工业实用性
该接头在内燃机领域——并且特别是在后处理系统领域——具有工业实用性。
为了组装接头组件50，环形部分51的第一端52可以连接到第一管40的端部43。为了帮助第一管40的端部43与环形部分51的定位和配合，具有基本上等于第一管40的厚度的厚度的内肩部59可以设置在环形部分51的第一端52处的内表面54中。可以设置焊接接头60以将环形部分51固定到第一管40的端部43。内肩部59可以增加环形部分51和第一管40之间的接头的强度，并且可以促进所述两个部件之间非常平滑的过渡。在替选实施方式中，可以不设置内肩部59，并且第一管40的端部43可以替选地邻接环形部分51的第一端52，同样由焊接接头60固定。
然后，第二管42的端部44可以在第二弧57的区域中适配于环形部分51的第二端53上。夹固部分61随后可以适配于环形部分51和第二管42的端部44上，并使用螺栓64和耳轴65固定。因此，环形部分51在第二弧57的区域中的外表面55和夹固部分61的内表面一起提供盲通道，第二管42的端部44被接纳在该盲通道内。
环形部分51的逐渐变小的内表面54可以在第一管40的内径和第二管42的内径之间提供平滑的过渡。这可以避免从第一管40流到第二管42的排放气体的流动分离。相反地，第一管40和第二管42之间的直径的突然变化可能导致涡流和流动再循环，这可能导致差的流动性能。
通过在第一管40的内径和第二管42的内径之间——即在第一管40和第二管42之间的接头处——提供作为接头组件50的一部分的平滑过渡，避免了对额外的过渡管道以实现平滑过渡的需求，并且因此后处理系统10可以更紧凑。
通过将环形部分51的外表面55提供具有阶梯式弧形轮廓，并且使第二管42的端部44成型和定尺寸为适配于环形部分51的外表面55的第二弧57上，接头组件50可以另外用作球形接头。在这样做时，接头组件50可以在组装后处理系统10时承受旋转公差。接头组件50可以优选地提供第一管40和第二管42之间的关于与第二管42的中心纵向轴线垂直的任何轴线的旋转自由度高至±5°(包括±5°)，优选为高至±3°(包括±3°)。随后经由螺栓64和耳轴65固定夹固部分61使得第一管40和第二管42的相对位置被固定，并且防止进一步的运动。
如上所述，在上述布置中，第一管40可以流体地连接到并且定尺寸为配合来自第一模块12的出口41，并且第二管42可以流体地连接到并且定尺寸为配合至第二模块21的入口(未示出)。然而，本领域技术人员将清楚，在第一管40和第二管42相对布置的情况下，本发明可以被替选地实现，使得第一管40流体地连接到并且定尺寸为配合至第二模块21的入口(未示出)，并且第二管42被流体地连接到并且定尺寸为配合来自第一模块12的出口41。实际上，本发明可以应用于具有第一管40和第二管42的任何装置，其中第二管42的内径大于第一管40的内径。

Claims (15)

1.一种用于连接第一管和第二管的接头组件，所述第一管具有第一内径，所述第二管具有大于所述第一内径的第二内径，所述接头组件包括：
环形部分，所述环形部分包括限定通过所述环形部分的流动路径的环形壁，并且所述环形部分被配置为连接到所述第一管并且与所述第二管紧密配合；以及
夹固部分，所述夹固部分被配置为将所述第二管夹固在所述环形部分的外表面与所述夹固部分的内表面之间；其中，
所述环形部分的内径从所述环形部分的第一端处的第一内径到所述环形部分的第二端处的第二内径以渐变方式变化；
所述环形部分的所述第一内径基本上等于所述第一管的内径；
所述环形部分的所述第二内径基本上等于所述第二管的内径；
所述环形部分的内表面在所述环形部分的所述第一端与所述环形部分的所述第二端之间逐渐变小；并且
所述环形部分在所述环形部分的所述第一端处比在所述环形部分的所述第二端处厚。
2.根据权利要求1所述的接头组件，其中，所述环形部分的内径以线性方式变化。
3.根据权利要求1所述的接头组件，其中，所述环形部分的内径以非线性方式变化。
4.根据权利要求1至3中任一项所述的接头组件，其中，在所述环形部分的所述第二端处，所述环形部分的外表面和所述夹固部分的内表面被配置为提供在其间的环形盲通道用于接纳所述第二管。
5.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的接头组件，其中，所述环形部分的外表面具有阶梯式弧形轮廓，其包括临近所述第一端的第一弧和临近所述第二端的第二弧以及在其间的过渡部分，所述第一弧具有第一半径，所述第二弧具有第二半径。
6.根据权利要求5所述的接头组件，其中，所述第一弧和所述第二弧是同轴的。
7.根据权利要求5或6所述的接头组件，其中，所述第一弧的半径大于所述第二弧的半径。
8.根据在直接或间接引用权利要求4时的权利要求5至7中任一项所述的接头组件，其中，所述环形盲通道位于所述第二弧的区域中的所述环形部分的外表面和所述夹固部分的内表面之间。
9.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的接头组件，其中，所述夹固部分具有截头球形轮廓。
10.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的接头组件，其中，所述环形部分的内表面包括在所述环形部分的所述第一端处的内肩部。
11.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的接头组件，其中，在使用中，所述环形部分的逐渐变小的内表面提供流过所述接头组件的流体的基本上平滑的流动。
12.一种复合管装置，其包括：
根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的接头组件，其用于连接第一管和第二管；以及
还包括所述第二管；其中，
所述接头组件和所述第二管一起包括由所述环形部分的外表面和所述第二管的端部形成的球形接头。
13.根据在直接或间接引用权利要求3时的权利要求12所述的复合管装置，其中，所述第二管的端部的被成型和定尺寸为适配于所述第二弧上。
14.根据在直接或间接引用权利要求5时的权利要求12或13所述的复合管装置，其中，所述第一弧的半径与所述第二弧的半径之间的差等于所述第二管的厚度。
15.根据在直接或间接引用权利要求10时的权利要求12至14中任一项所述的复合管装置，还包括所述第一管，其中，所述内肩部的厚度基本上等于所述第一管的厚度。
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US20180094757A1 (en) 2018-04-05
US10502352B2 (en) 2019-12-10
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GB2554662A (en) 2018-04-11
GB201616685D0 (en) 2016-11-16
EP3301340B1 (en) 2019-06-19

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