CN107879876A - A kind of method and apparatus of light hydrocarbon feedstocks production ethene and propylene - Google Patents
A kind of method and apparatus of light hydrocarbon feedstocks production ethene and propylene Download PDFInfo
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- CN107879876A CN107879876A CN201610875553.0A CN201610875553A CN107879876A CN 107879876 A CN107879876 A CN 107879876A CN 201610875553 A CN201610875553 A CN 201610875553A CN 107879876 A CN107879876 A CN 107879876A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C5/00—Preparation of hydrocarbons from hydrocarbons containing the same number of carbon atoms
- C07C5/32—Preparation of hydrocarbons from hydrocarbons containing the same number of carbon atoms by dehydrogenation with formation of free hydrogen
- C07C5/327—Formation of non-aromatic carbon-to-carbon double bonds only
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C2/00—Preparation of hydrocarbons from hydrocarbons containing a smaller number of carbon atoms
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F210/00—Copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond
- C08F210/04—Monomers containing three or four carbon atoms
- C08F210/08—Butenes
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F210/00—Copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond
- C08F210/04—Monomers containing three or four carbon atoms
- C08F210/08—Butenes
- C08F210/10—Isobutene
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F236/00—Copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, at least one having two or more carbon-to-carbon double bonds
- C08F236/02—Copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, at least one having two or more carbon-to-carbon double bonds the radical having only two carbon-to-carbon double bonds
- C08F236/04—Copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, at least one having two or more carbon-to-carbon double bonds the radical having only two carbon-to-carbon double bonds conjugated
- C08F236/06—Butadiene
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Abstract
The present invention relates to light hydrocarbon feedstocks production ethene and propylene field, discloses a kind of method and apparatus of light hydrocarbon feedstocks production ethene and propylene.Method includes：(1) light hydrocarbon feedstocks progress cracking reaction is obtained into cracking gas；(2) cracking gas is in contact with maleic anhydride, C in the cracking gas4Terminal olefine carries out copolyreaction with maleic anhydride；(3) product for obtaining the copolyreaction carries out gas-liquid separation, obtains gas-phase product and liquid-solid mixture；(4) gas-phase product is subjected to gas phase isolated ethene, propylene, ethane and propane, while obtained ethane and propane are as cycle stock；(5) liquid-solid mixture is separated, obtains C in the cracking gas4The copolymer of terminal olefine and maleic anhydride；Wherein, the cracking gas contains 0.1~10 weight % C4Terminal olefine.Light hydrocarbon feedstocks production ethene and propylene can be effectively utilized, and produces cross-linked copolymer, and reduces the energy consumption of cracking separation process.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to light hydrocarbon feedstocks production ethene and propylene field, in particular it relates to which a kind of light hydrocarbon feedstocks produce ethene
With the method and apparatus of propylene.
Background technology
Ethene and propylene are important basic organic chemical raw materials, and it is each that its product and derived product are related to national economy
Field.
At present, the industrial process for producing ethene and propylene mainly passes through petrochemical production process, the main life taken
Production. art is steam cracking process, the use of raw material is mainly naphtha；And catalytic cracking process, it can be predominantly catalyzed using raw material
Crack hydrocarbon ils.
Steam cracking process is that technology is most ripe, is most widely used.But in current steam cracking process, it will split
Solve product separation and purification obtains the cracking product such as ethene and propylene, the problem of energy consumption is higher be present in this separation process.
At present, on the one hand industry is vigorous to the raw materials requirement of production ethene and propylene, but the separation of steam cracking process
Process high energy consumption；On the other hand, in petrochemical production process, substantial amounts of light hydrocarbon feedstocks, such as light hydrocarbon feedstocks, mesh are also produced
It is preceding mainly to be handled in a manner of burning, it could not be used well.
The method that CN101781387A discloses a kind of maleic anhydride/conjugated diolefin copolymer reaction.
CN102212166B discloses a kind of dicyclopentadiene and maleic anhydride reaction method, stable without increasing
Under the conditions of agent and co-stabilizer, reaction system is simple, and product is easily separated, prepares polymer microballoon clean surface, uniform particle diameter, shape
Looks are controllable, favorable dispersibility.
CN102690393A discloses the copolymer containing functional groups prepared by a kind of C5 mixing-maleic anhydride.Will
C5 mixtures and maleic anhydride alternate combined polymerization, single step reaction prepare the highly cross-linked copolymer containing functional groups, filled
Divide alkene and alkadienes of the system in C5 mixtures, be not directed to the situation of below C5 low-carbon alkenes.
Therefore, it is necessary to solve the problems, such as the separation process high energy consumption of steam cracking and light hydrocarbon feedstocks processing and utilization.
The content of the invention
The invention aims to solve the processing and utilization of light hydrocarbon feedstocks, reduce steam cracking separation process high energy consumption
Problem, there is provided a kind of processing method and device of light hydrocarbon feedstocks production ethene and propylene.It can realize and produce light hydrocarbon feedstocks
Ethene and propylene product are obtained, and is not only realized cracking gas by the way that cracking gas is first carried out into copolyreaction in the process
In terminal olefine separation, polymerization be prepared as the cross-linked polymer containing maleic anhydride functional groups, there is provided can be used as production function
The raw material of property material, and cracking gas reduces and carries out isolated ethene and propylene again after terminal olefine component, can reduce
The energy consumption of separation process.
To achieve these goals, the present invention provides a kind of method of light hydrocarbon feedstocks production ethene and propylene, including step：
(1) under steam cracking conditions, light hydrocarbon feedstocks are subjected to cracking reaction, and cleavage reaction product is subjected to gas-liquid separation, are obtained
Cracking gas；(2) in the presence of initiator and organic solvent, the cracking gas is in contact with maleic anhydride, in the cracking gas
C4The part or all of and maleic anhydride of terminal olefine carries out copolyreaction；(3) product for obtaining step (2) carries out gas-liquid point
From obtaining gas-phase product and liquid-solid mixture；On the basis of the gross weight of the gas-phase product, C in the gas-phase product4Hold alkene
The content of hydrocarbon is below 1 weight %；(4) gas-phase product for obtaining step (3) carries out the isolated ethene of gas phase, propylene, second
Alkane and propane, and ethane and propane are added in the light hydrocarbon feedstocks of step (1) as cycle stock；(5) liquid for obtaining step (3)
Solid mixture is separated, and obtains solid product and liquid, and the solid product is the polymer containing maleic anhydride functional groups；
In the organic solvent of the liquid return to step (2)；Wherein, the cracking gas contains 0.1~10 weight % C4Hold alkene
Hydrocarbon；The light hydrocarbon feedstocks are the one or more in ethane, propane and liquefied petroleum gas.
Present invention also offers a kind of light hydrocarbon feedstocks production ethene and the device of propylene, including：Cracking apparatus, polymerization are set
Standby, gas-liquid separator, gas phase separation equipment and liquid-solid separator；Wherein,
The cracking apparatus is used to light hydrocarbon feedstocks being passed through carry out cracking reaction；The polymerization unit and the cracking apparatus
It is connected, cracking gas and the maleic anhydride for cracking apparatus discharge carry out copolyreaction；
The gas-liquid separator is connected with the polymerization unit, and the copolymerization for the polymerization unit to be discharged is anti-
The product that should be obtained carries out gas-liquid separation, obtains gas-phase product and liquid-solid mixture；
The gas phase separation equipment is connected with the gas-liquid separator, for the gas-phase product to be separated, obtains
To ethene, propylene, ethane and propane；
The gas phase separation equipment connects with the cracking apparatus, so that ethane and propane cycles return to the cracking and set
It is standby；
The liquid-solid separator is connected with the gas-liquid separator, and isolated contain is carried out for the liquid-solid mixture
There is the polymer of maleic anhydride functional groups；The liquid-solid separator is connected with the polymerization unit, to return to the liquid isolated
Body.
Pass through above-mentioned technical proposal, take light hydrocarbon feedstocks successively by steam cracking, copolyreaction, gas-liquid separation, gas
It is separated and solid-liquor separation, the processing and utilization that can effectively realize light hydrocarbon feedstocks produces ethene and propylene, ethene and propylene is received
Rate can reach 20~37%.In the copolyreaction, C in cracking gas4The copolyreaction conversion ratio of terminal olefine can reach 85
~90%, gel content can be provided as production functional material up to more than 85 weight % in obtained cross-linked copolymer
Raw material.
In the present invention, it on the one hand can realize that light hydrocarbon feedstocks production obtains ethene and propylene product, on the other hand, can be with
The cross-linked copolymer containing maleic anhydride structure is obtained, can be further used as producing the raw material of functional material.Pass through simultaneously
The separation of component in cracking gas is also realized in copolyreaction, makes the separation process of acquisition ethene and propylene product compared with prior art
Cracking gas separation saves energy consumption.
Other features and advantages of the present invention will be described in detail in subsequent specific embodiment part.
Brief description of the drawings
Accompanying drawing is for providing a further understanding of the present invention, and a part for constitution instruction, with following tool
Body embodiment is used to explain the present invention together, but is not construed as limiting the invention.In the accompanying drawings：
Fig. 1 is the process flow diagram of light hydrocarbon feedstocks production ethene and propylene provided by the invention.
Embodiment
The embodiment of the present invention is described in detail below.It is it should be appreciated that described herein specific
Embodiment is merely to illustrate and explain the present invention, and is not intended to limit the invention.
The end points of disclosed scope and any value are not limited to the accurate scope or value herein, these scopes or
Value should be understood to comprising the value close to these scopes or value.For number range, between the endpoint value of each scope, respectively
It can be combined with each other between the endpoint value of individual scope and single point value, and individually between point value and obtain one or more
New number range, these number ranges should be considered as specific open herein.
The present invention provides a kind of method of light hydrocarbon feedstocks production ethene and propylene, including step：(1) in steam cracking conditions
Under, light hydrocarbon feedstocks are subjected to cracking reaction, and cleavage reaction product is subjected to gas-liquid separation, obtain cracking gas；(2) in initiator
In the presence of organic solvent, the cracking gas is in contact with maleic anhydride, C in the cracking gas4The part of terminal olefine is complete
Portion carries out copolyreaction with maleic anhydride；(3) product for obtaining step (2) carries out gas-liquid separation, obtains gas-phase product and liquid
Solid mixture；On the basis of the gross weight of the gas-phase product, C in the gas-phase product4The content of terminal olefine be 1 weight % with
Under；(4) gas-phase product obtained step (3) carries out gas phase isolated ethene, propylene, ethane and propane, and by ethane and
Propane is added as cycle stock in the light hydrocarbon feedstocks of step (1)；(5) liquid-solid mixture that step (3) obtains is separated, obtained
To solid product and liquid, the solid product is the polymer containing maleic anhydride functional groups；The liquid return to step (2)
The organic solvent in；Wherein, the cracking gas contains 0.1~10 weight % C4Terminal olefine；The light hydrocarbon feedstocks are second
One or more in alkane, propane and liquefied petroleum gas.
In the present invention, for liquefied petroleum gas, there is no particular limitation, it is preferable that the liquefied petroleum gas can contain second
The weight % of alkane 1~5, the weight % of ethene 0~4, the weight % of propane 16~60, the weight % of propylene 0~16, the weight of butane 20~46
%, the weight % of butylene 0.1~6 are measured, can additionally contain methane, hydrogen etc..Specifically, such as the weight % of hydrogen 0.2, methane
0.07 weight %, the weight % of ethane 2.36, the weight % of propane 55.9, the weight % of propylene 0.57, the weight % of butane 22.89, butylene
0.56 weight %, C5The weight % of component 2.9.
The process flow diagram of method provided by the invention is as shown in Figure 1.
Steam cracking
According to the present invention, the steam cracking reaction of step (1) is changed into olefin-containing raw material for light hydrocarbon feedstocks.What is obtained splits
C in venting one's spleen4Terminal olefine can be separated by follow-up copolyreaction from cracking gas, be utilized.C in cracking gas4
Terminal olefine can include 1,3-butadiene, isobutene, 1- butylene.In addition, normal butane, different can also be contained in the composition of cracking gas
Butane, ethene, propylene, ethane, propane, methane and hydrogen.Preferably further the cracking gas can contain 1~30 weight %
Ethane, 20~60 weight % ethene, 0.1~10 weight % propylene and 0.1~35 weight % propane.The cracking gas
Composition can be analyzed by gas chromatography using the 7890A gas chromatographs (GC) of Agilent.
According to the present invention, light hydrocarbon feedstocks can be changed into the cracking gas containing ethene and propylene by the cracking reaction, so
Yet further processing and utilization afterwards.Under preferable case, in the cracking reaction, cracking reaction temperature is 800~880 DEG C.
Preferably, cleavage reaction pressure is 0.15~0.25MPa.
In the present invention, the cracking reaction can be carried out in steam cracking furnace commonly used in the art, such as can be with
Using CBL-R type pyrolysis furnaces.The coil outlet temperature of cracking reaction temperature, i.e. steam cracking furnace, preferably 800~840 DEG C.
According to the present invention, in the cracking reaction, the weight ratio of the light hydrocarbon feedstocks and water vapour is 1：(0.3~
0.65).When the light hydrocarbon feedstocks are the mixture of a variety of light hydrocarbon compounds, the respective weight with water vapour of various light hydrocarbon compounds
Amount is than being 1：(0.3~0.65).Such as the light hydrocarbon feedstocks be ethane, propane and liquefied petroleum gas mixture when, ethane water
The weight ratio of steam is 1：The weight ratio of (0.3~0.65), propane and water vapour is 1：(0.3~0.65), liquefied petroleum gas with
The weight ratio of water vapour is 1：(0.3~0.65).
In the present invention, the cracking gas obtained in step (1) can also be cooled down further, such as can be by institute
State cracking gas and be passed through washing tower cooler, in the cracking gas that tower top discharge temperature reduces.Wherein, the cracking gas leaves steam cracking
Temperature can reach 300~650 DEG C during stove, be further cooled by water scrubber, and the tower top temperature of water scrubber can be 35~
90℃。
Copolyreaction
According to the present invention, the cracking gas that step (2) is used to obtain step (1) carries out copolyreaction, not only can be by it
In C4Terminal olefine component and maleic anhydride carry out copolyreaction and obtain cross-linked copolymer being used, and can also contribute to from splitting
The energy consumption of separation process is reduced when middle separating ethene and the propylene product of venting one's spleen.Although separating ethene and propylene product are still using normal
The separation means of rule, but due to C4Terminal olefine component is separated by copolyreaction from cracking gas, therefore enters second
The raw material of alkene and propylene separation is reduced, and can reduce the energy requirements in separation process.Under preferable case, in step (2),
The weight ratio of the cracking gas and maleic anhydride is 0.3：More than 1, the weight ratio of preferably described cracking gas and maleic anhydride is
(0.3~3)：1, the weight ratio of more preferably described cracking gas and maleic anhydride is (0.8~3)：1.It can realize more effectively altogether
Gather reaction, more effectively the C in separating and cracking gas4Terminal olefine component.
According to the present invention, more effective copolyreaction is carried out in order to realize, under preferable case, the dosage of the initiator is
0.01~30 mole of % of maleic anhydride.
, according to the invention it is preferred to the initiator allows the cracking gas more effectively to carry out being copolymerized instead with maleic anhydride
Should, under preferable case, the initiator is heat decomposition type initiator, and preferably described initiator is selected from dibenzoyl peroxide, mistake
It is different to aoxidize diisopropylbenzene (DIPB), di-t-butyl peroxide, dilauroyl peroxide, peroxidized t-butyl perbenzoate, dicetyl peroxydicarbonate two
At least one of propyl diester, the carbon dicyclohexyl maleate of peroxidating two, azodiisobutyronitrile and ABVN.It is it is further preferred that described
Initiator is selected from azodiisobutyronitrile and/or dibenzoyl peroxide.
According to the present invention, the addition of the organic solvent ensures to dissolve the initiator and maleic anhydride, preferably
In the case of, in step (2), the dosage of maleic anhydride is below the 30 weight % of the organic solvent；It is preferred that maleic anhydride
Dosage for the organic solvent the weight % of 5 weight %~25 weight %, more preferably 10 weight %~20.
According to the present invention, the organic solvent can be used for dissolving the initiator and maleic anhydride, under preferable case,
In step (2), the organic solvent is R selected from alkane, aromatic hydrocarbon and molecular formula1-COO-R2Organic acid alkylester did at least
One kind, wherein R1And R2For C1~C5Alkyl.
In the present invention, the organic acid alkylester did is selected from, but not limited to, methyl formate, Ethyl formate, methyl esters propyl ester, methyl esters
Butyl ester, methyl esters isobutyl ester, amyl formate, methyl acetate, EtOAc, acetic acid propylene, butyl acetate, isobutyl acetate, acetic acid
Secondary butyl ester, pentyl acetate, isoamyl acetate, benzyl acetate, methyl propionate, ethyl propionate, butyl propionate, methyl butyrate, butyric acid
Ethyl ester, butyl butyrate, isobutyl isobutyrate (IBIB), isoamyl butyrate, iso-amyl iso-valeriate, methyl benzoate, ethyl benzoate, benzoic acid
At least one of propyl ester, butyl benzoate, isoamyl benzoate, methyl phenylacetate and ethyl phenylacetate.It is more preferably described to have
Machine acid alkyl ester is isoamyl acetate.
In the present invention, the alkane is selected from, but not limited to, propane, normal butane, iso-butane, pentane, isopentane, n-hexane, different
At least one of hexane, hexamethylene, normal heptane, normal octane and isooctane.
In the present invention, the aromatic hydrocarbon is selected from, but not limited to, at least one in benzene,toluene,xylene, chlorobenzene and bromobenzene
Kind.
According to the present invention, the copolyreaction can be realized optionally by the C in cracking gas4Terminal olefine component, warp
Copolyreaction is carried out with maleic anhydride, obtains being further used as the raw material of functional material, while realize from cracking gas
C is separated in component4Terminal olefine, makes that remaining ingredient obtains ethene and propylene product is more convenient, and the cracking gas compared to routine separates
The energy consumption of ethene and propylene reduces.Under preferable case, in step (2), copolyreaction temperature is 50~90 DEG C, copolyreaction pressure
Power is 0~0.25MPa, and the copolyreaction time is 0.5~12h.It is preferred that the copolyreaction pressure is 0.1~0.2MPa, it is more excellent
It is 0.12~0.15MPa to select the copolyreaction pressure.It is preferred that the copolyreaction time is 4~12h.
According to the present invention, particularly preferably, the copolyreaction is Raolical polymerizable.The cracking can be advantageous to
1,3-butadiene in gas is mainly polymerize in 1,2 mode, and it is (double on 3,4 that double bond can be contained with the side chain of polymer segment
Key), further reaction forms cross-linked structure.
A kind of preferred embodiment, carrying out the method for the copolyreaction includes：By the organic solvent, maleic anhydride and
The initiator is mixed to form organic reaction liquid, then adds in the organic reaction liquid cracking gas and be copolymerized instead
Should.
In the present invention, the polymer reactor that carries out the copolyreaction can be band stirring with the pressure-resistant reactor of chuck or
Tubular reactor.Medium in chuck is used to remove reaction heat, controlling reaction temperature.
Separation
In the present invention, complete after the copolyreaction, it is necessary to copolyreaction product be carried out into isolated ethene, propylene produces
Product and polymeric articles.Two-stage separation can be divided into：The first order is to carry out gas-liquid separation, obtains gas-phase product and liquid mixes admittedly
Thing；The second level includes two processes, and a process is that gas-phase product is carried out into the isolated ethene of gas phase and propylene；Another mistake
Journey is that liquid-solid mixture obtains polymer and liquid containing maleic anhydride functional groups by solid-liquor separation.
First, gas-liquid separation
According to the present invention, step (3) is used to the product of step (2) copolyreaction carrying out gas-liquid separation.
In the present invention, after completing the copolyreaction, copolyreaction product is successively subjected to gas-liquid separation and solid-liquor separation,
Obtained solid product is scrubbed again and dries, and can obtain cross-linked copolymer of the particle size range in 150~2000nm.
In the present invention, the method for the gas-liquid separation can be flash separation.It is preferred that the condition of the flash separation is：
Temperature is higher than at 20 DEG C, and preferably 20~40 DEG C, the product pressure for carrying out the copolyreaction is reduced into below 0MPa, described
C in product4Following hydrocarbon compound discharge, obtains the gas-phase product.
In the present invention, the gas-phase product middle-end olefin(e) centent can be by gas chromatography, using Agilent 7890A gas
Chromatography (GC) measures.Wherein, C4The content of terminal olefine is below 1 weight %.
In the present invention, the flash separator can be the simple receptacle of a jacketed temperature control, it is possibility to have industry is common
Know be used for fully increase material table area all kinds of inner members, can be passed through with the bottom of slave unit heat hot special logistics with
Fully increase heat exchange amount.
2nd, gas phase separation and solid-liquor separation
1st, gas phase separates
According to the present invention, step (4) is used to the gas-phase product carrying out gas phase separation, therefrom isolates ethene and propylene
Product.
The gas phase separation can be used in existing steam cracking process, to the conventional isolation techniques of cracking gas, such as can
First to be cooled down the gas-phase product, then separated again using predepropanization isolation technics, such as further separation
And purification, obtain ethene, propylene, ethane and propane.Specifically, the gas-phase product is for example cooled to 40 DEG C in the present invention
Left and right, the separators such as compressor are then fed into, are separated and purified, obtained ethane and propane and return to lighter hydrocarbons as cycle stock
In raw material.The conventional isolation techniques of cracking gas will not be repeated here, as long as realizing separating ethene, propylene, ethane and propane i.e.
Can.
2nd, solid-liquor separation
The liquid-solid mixture is subjected to solid-liquor separation, obtains polymeric articles.
In the present invention, the method for the solid-liquor separation can be to centrifuge, and the condition of the centrifugation is：Centrifuging
Under conditions of rotating speed is more than 4000rpm, the centrifugations time is more than 5min, for example, centrifugal rotational speed for 4000~
16000rpm, centrifugation time are 5~20min, and the solid mixed liquor of the liquid is separated into supernatant liquor and lower floor's solid；It is described
Clear liquid is organic solvent, removes return and is used for the copolyreaction.
In the present invention, the whizzer can be horizontal or vertical any form.
According to the present invention, the solid product that the solid-liquor separation obtains is the polymer containing maleic anhydride functional groups, excellent
In the case of choosing, the polymer is C in the cracking gas4The cross-linked copolymer of terminal olefine and maleic anhydride；Preferably, it is described poly-
The content of maleic anhydride construction unit is 48~52 moles of % in compound, and the gel content of the polymer is 85~92 weights
Measure %.Preferably, the maleic anhydride construction unit contained in the polymer can be in main chain, side chain, can also be in end group.Horse
Carrying out the content of anhydride structural unit can be determined by the method for elementary analysis.
Preferably, at least one in 1- butylene, 1,3-butadiene and isobutene can also be contained in the polymer
The formed construction unit of kind.
Preferably, the polymer is powdered solid material, and the average diameter of particle can be at 0.2~250 μm.Polymer
The average diameter of particle can be measured by ESEM.
In the present invention, the polymer can also be cross-linked copolymer, such as can be introduced by 1,3-butadiene monomer
Vinyl, form cross-linked structure between different polymerized segments.The gel content of the polymer can pass through the side of acetone extraction
Method determines, and reflects in the polymer degree of cross linking of the degree being crosslinked, i.e. polymer.A certain amount of polymer is placed in into Soxhlet to take out
Carry in device, extract soluble constituent therein to constant weight with boiling acetone reflux liquid, measure can not extract part and account for original copolymer ratio
Example, the as degree of cross linking.
The method of the weight of resulting polymers determines the reaction conversion ratio of copolyreaction after being reacted by weighing.
The present invention is selectively by the C in the cracking gas4Terminal olefine and maleic anhydride, preferably turn through free radicals copolymerization reaction
It is changed into the polymer containing maleic anhydride functional groups, can be further made other as the raw material of functional material
High polymer material.
Further, the present invention preferably following steps can carry out light hydrocarbon feedstocks production ethene and propylene：
(a) light hydrocarbon feedstocks carry out steam cracking, and cracking reaction occurs and obtains cracking gas；Cracking gas is through washing tower cooler, row
Go out the cracking gas of cooling；
(b) cracking gas carries out copolyreaction with maleic anhydride, and obtained product gas-liquid separation obtains gas-phase product and liquid is consolidated
Mixture；
(c) gas-phase product carries out gas phase separation, isolated ethene, propylene, ethane and propane；By ethane and propane
Return in light hydrocarbon feedstocks；
(d) liquid-solid mixture carries out solid-liquor separation, obtains cross-linked copolymer.
The pressure being related in the present invention is gauge pressure.
Fig. 1 is a kind of schematic diagram of preferred embodiment of the present invention, and the course of work can be summarized as follows：
Light hydrocarbon feedstocks are continuously passed through cracking apparatus carry out steam cracking, obtained cracking gas be passed through added with maleic anhydride,
In the polymer reactor of initiator and organic solvent, in certain temperature, pressure, copolyreaction is carried out in the residence time, is obtained
Product enter gas-liquid separator carry out gas-liquid separation, obtain gas-phase product and liquid-solid mixture；Gas-phase product is passed through gas phase
Separation equipment isolates ethene and propylene as product, while the ethane and propane isolated return cracking apparatus；Liquid is consolidated into mixing
Thing is sent into liquid-solid separator and carries out solid-liquor separation, and it is polymer to obtain solid constituent, and obtained liquid is that organic solvent follows
Loopback copolyreaction.
Present invention also offers a kind of light hydrocarbon feedstocks production ethene and the device of propylene, including：Cracking apparatus, polymerization are set
Standby, gas-liquid separator, gas phase separation equipment and liquid-solid separator；Wherein,
The cracking apparatus is used to light hydrocarbon feedstocks being passed through carry out cracking reaction；The polymerization unit and the cracking apparatus
It is connected, cracking gas and the maleic anhydride for cracking apparatus discharge carry out copolyreaction；
The gas-liquid separator is connected with the polymerization unit, and the copolymerization for the polymerization unit to be discharged is anti-
The product that should be obtained carries out gas-liquid separation, obtains gas-phase product and liquid-solid mixture；
The gas phase separation equipment is connected with the gas-liquid separator, for the gas-phase product to be separated, obtains
To ethene, propylene, ethane and propane；The gas phase separation equipment connects with the cracking apparatus, so that ethane and propane cycles
Return to the cracking apparatus；
The liquid-solid separator is connected with the gas-liquid separator, and isolated contain is carried out for the liquid-solid mixture
There is the polymer of maleic anhydride functional groups；The liquid-solid separator is connected with the polymerization unit, to return to the liquid isolated
Body.
In device provided by the invention, the cracking apparatus can be CBL-R type pyrolysis furnaces.There can be more cracking to set
It is standby.
In device provided by the invention, the polymerization unit can be that the pressure-resistant reactor with stirring and chuck or tubular type are anti-
Device is answered, for light hydrocarbon feedstocks and maleic anhydride to be carried out into copolyreaction in the presence of initiator and organic solvent, forms terminal olefine
, can be as the raw material of functional material with the copolymer of maleic anhydride.
In device provided by the invention, the gas-liquid separator can be flash separator.It is anti-for separating the polymerization
The product answered, obtains gas-phase product and liquid-solid mixture.
In device provided by the invention, the gas phase separation equipment can use in existing steam cracking process and crack qi leel
From equipment, such as can be using predepropanization isolation technics equipment, wherein can including compressor etc., be referred to show
The equipment of some cracking gas separation, will not be repeated here.
In device provided by the invention, the liquid-solid separator is whizzer, can be horizontal or vertical any
Form, for separating the liquid-solid mixture, obtain solid copolymer product therein.
The present invention will be described in detail by way of examples below.
In following examples, pyrolysis furnace uses CBL-R type pyrolysis furnaces, and piece-rate system uses predepropanization isolation technics；
Cracking gas component analysis is analyzed by gas chromatography using the 7890A gas chromatographs (GC) of Agilent；
C in gas-phase product4Terminal olefine content is surveyed by gas chromatography using Agilent 7890A gas chromatographs (GC)
；
The content of maleic anhydride construction unit is determined by elemental microanalysis method in the polymer of acquisition；
The average diameter of obtained polymer beads is measured by ESEM；
By in apparatus,Soxhlet's the method for acetone extraction determine the gel content of obtained cross-linked copolymer；
Method by being weighed to reaction post-consumer polymer, the reaction conversion ratio for determining copolyreaction is calculated by following formula：
Reaction conversion ratio (%)=[(C in cracking gas of copolyreaction4C in gas-phase product after weight-polymerization of terminal olefine4
The weight of terminal olefine) C in/cracking gas4The weight of terminal olefine] × 100%.
Ethene and propene yield are calculated by following formula：
Yield of ethene (%)=(gross weight of the weight ÷ cracking gases of ethene in cracking gas) × 100%；
Propene yield (%)=(gross weight of the weight ÷ cracking gases of propylene in cracking gas) × 100%.
Comparative example 1
This comparative example illustrates ethane cracking and using conventional separation methods production ethene and propylene.
(1) cracking reaction：Cracking reaction is carried out in 11 CBL-R pyrolysis furnaces, wherein 10 ethane stoves, one standby
Stove.Light hydrocarbon feedstocks are ethane.Crack furnance radiation section furnace tube outlet temperature is 865 DEG C, and the weight ratio of water vapour and ethane is 0.3,
Pyrolysis furnace radiant section outlet pressure is 0.17MPa, and the ethane feed amount of every ethane stove is 28 ton hours, obtains cracking gas；
By cracking gas, first being cooled to 360 DEG C in quenching boiler enters back into water scrubber, into the cracking gas group of water scrubber
Into referring to table 1.The cracking gas that further cooling is 38 DEG C from washing column overhead discharge temperature in water scrubber.
(2) cracking gas separates：Cracking gas is entered into the piece-rate system using predepropanization isolation technics, is sent into compressor etc.
Separated and purified, obtain ethene, propylene, ethane and propane.
Yield of ethene is 52.84%, propene yield 1.01%.By ethane therein and propane (ethane content 99.57
Weight %, propane content are 0.43 weight %) return in pyrolysis furnace.
Gas flow into compressor is about 270.4 tons/h.
Embodiment 1
This example demonstrates that the method for the light hydrocarbon feedstocks production ethene and propylene of the present invention.
(1) cracking reaction：Cracking reaction is carried out in 11 CBL-R pyrolysis furnaces, wherein 10 ethane stoves, one standby
Stove.Light hydrocarbon feedstocks are ethane.
Crack furnance radiation section furnace tube outlet temperature is 865 DEG C, and the weight ratio of water vapour and ethane is 0.3, pyrolysis furnace radiation
Section outlet pressure is 0.17MPa, and the ethane feed amount of every ethane stove is 28 ton hours, obtains cracking gas；
By cracking gas, first being cooled to 360 DEG C in quenching boiler enters back into water scrubber, into the cracking gas group of water scrubber
Into referring to table 1.The cracking gas that further cooling is 38 DEG C from washing column overhead discharge temperature in water scrubber.
(2) copolyreaction：The cracking gas that washing column overhead obtains is passed through containing 0.1kg/L maleic anhydrides, 0.01kg/L
In the organic reaction liquid of the 1000ml isoamyl acetates of azodiisobutyronitrile, the weight ratio of cracking gas and maleic anhydride is 1：4,
At 0.13MPa copolyreaction pressure and 60 DEG C, copolyreaction 12 hours；
(3) separate：Copolyreaction product is passed through in flash separator and carries out gas-liquid separation under the conditions of 25 DEG C and 0MPa,
Obtain gas-phase product and liquid-solid mixture；
Obtained liquid-solid mixture continue in whizzer (the auspicious science equipment Co., Ltd TG18G types of Beijing China) in
4000rpm, 20min progress solid-liquor separations are centrifuged, obtain 3.15g solid copolymer particle.
The gel content determined in solid copolymer particle is 90 weight %, and maleic anhydride structural content is 50 moles of % left sides
The right side, the average diameter of particle is 20 μm.
The conversion ratio of polymerisation is 100%.
Gas-phase product is shown in Table 2 through gas chromatographic analysis, composition.
Gas-phase product is cooled to the piece-rate system that predepropanization isolation technics is entered back into after 40 DEG C, compressor etc. is sent into and enters
Row separation and purification, obtain ethene, propylene, ethane and propane.
Yield of ethene is 55.51%, propene yield 1.06%.By ethane and propane, (ethane content is 99.57 weights
% is measured, propane content is 0.43 weight %) return in pyrolysis furnace.
Gas flow into compressor is about 266.7 tons/h.
Compared with comparative example 1, the gas flow into compressor relatively reduces 1.38%, is ensureing ethene and propylene
Under conditions of yield is basically unchanged, cracker energy consumption is reduced.
Comparative example 2
This comparative example illustrates ethane and Deposition During Propane Pyrolysis and using conventional separation methods production ethene and propylene.
(1) cracking reaction：Cracking reaction is carried out in 11 CBL-R pyrolysis furnaces, wherein 6 ethane stoves, 4 propane stoves,
One standby boiler.Light hydrocarbon feedstocks are ethane and propane.
Ethane cracking furnace radiant coil outlet temperature is 865 DEG C, and the weight ratio of water vapour and ethane is 0.3；Propane splits
It is 855 DEG C to solve furnace radiant coil outlet temperature, and the weight ratio of water vapour and propane is 0.4；Pyrolysis furnace radiant section outlet pressure
For 0.17MPa, ethane and Deposition During Propane Pyrolysis stove separate unit inlet amount are 28 ton hours, obtain cracking gas；
By cracking gas, first being cooled to 360 DEG C in quenching boiler enters back into water scrubber, into the cracking gas group of water scrubber
Into referring to table 1.The cracking gas that further cooling is 40 DEG C from washing column overhead discharge temperature in water scrubber.
(2) cracking gas separates：Cracking gas is cooled to the segregative line entered back into after 40 DEG C using predepropanization isolation technics
System, it is sent into compressor etc. and is separated and purified, obtain ethene, propylene, ethane and propane.
Yield of ethene is 46.82%, propene yield 4.71%.By ethane therein and propane (ethane content 99.57
Weight %, propane content are 0.43 weight %) return in pyrolysis furnace.
Gas flow into compressor is about 250.9 tons/h.
Embodiment 2
This example demonstrates that the method for the light hydrocarbon feedstocks production ethene and propylene of the present invention.
(1) cracking reaction：Cracking reaction is carried out in 11 CBL-R pyrolysis furnaces, wherein 6 ethane stoves, 4 propane stoves,
One standby boiler.Light hydrocarbon feedstocks are ethane and propane, and charging respectively carries out cracking reaction.
Ethane cracking furnace radiant coil outlet temperature is 865 DEG C, and the weight ratio of water vapour and ethane is 0.3；Propane splits
It is 855 DEG C to solve furnace radiant coil outlet temperature, and water vapour is 0.4 with propane weight ratio；Pyrolysis furnace radiant section outlet pressure is
0.17MPa, ethane and Deposition During Propane Pyrolysis stove separate unit inlet amount are 28 ton hours, obtain cracking gas；
By cracking gas, first being cooled to 360 DEG C in quenching boiler enters back into water scrubber, into the pyrolysis product of water scrubber
Composition refers to table 1.The cracking gas that further cooling is 40 DEG C from washing column overhead discharge temperature in water scrubber.
(2) copolyreaction：The cracking gas that washing column overhead obtains is passed through containing 0.1kg/L maleic anhydrides, 0.015kg/L
Dibenzoyl peroxide, 1000ml n-hexanes organic reaction liquid in, the weight ratio of cracking gas and maleic anhydride is 1：2,
At 0.12MPa copolyreaction pressure and 75 DEG C, copolyreaction 8 hours；
(3) separate：Copolyreaction product is passed through in flash separator and carries out gas-liquid separation under the conditions of 30 DEG C and 0MPa,
Obtained liquid-solid mixture continues to carry out solid-liquor separation in 4000rpm, centrifugation 20min in whizzer, obtains
6.18g solid copolymer particle.
The gel content determined in solid copolymer particle is 92 weight %, and maleic anhydride structural content is 48 moles of % left sides
The right side, the average diameter of particle is 250 μm.
The conversion ratio of polymerisation is 100%.
Gas-phase product is shown in Table 2 through gas chromatographic analysis, composition.
Gas-phase product is cooled to the piece-rate system entered back into after 40 DEG C using predepropanization isolation technics, is sent into compressor
Etc. being separated and purified, ethene, propylene, ethane and propane are obtained.
Yield of ethene is 51.03%, propene yield 5.13%.Ethane and propane are returned in pyrolysis furnace.
Gas flow into compressor is about 243.3 tons/h.
Compared with comparative example 2, the gas flow into compressor relatively reduces 3.02%, is ensureing ethene and propylene
Under conditions of yield is basically unchanged, cracker energy consumption is reduced.
Comparative example 3
This comparative example illustrates that ethane, propane and liquefied gas crack and use conventional separation methods production ethene and propylene.
(1) cracking reaction：Cracking reaction is carried out in 11 CBL-R pyrolysis furnaces, wherein 6 ethane stoves, 2 propane stoves, 2
Platform used in LPG stove, a standby boiler.Light hydrocarbon feedstocks are ethane, propane and liquefied gas.
Ethane cracking furnace radiant coil outlet temperature is 865 DEG C, and water vapour is 0.3 with ethane weight ratio；Deposition During Propane Pyrolysis
Furnace radiant coil outlet temperature is 855 DEG C, and water vapour is 0.4 with propane weight ratio；Liquefied petroleum gas (composition refers to table 3) splits
It is 840 DEG C to solve furnace radiant coil outlet temperature, and water vapour is 0.65 with liquefied petroleum gas weight ratio；Pyrolysis furnace radiant section exports
Pressure is 0.17MPa, and ethane, propane and liquefied petroleum gas pyrolysis furnace separate unit inlet amount are 28 ton hours；Cracked
Gas；
By cracking cracking gas, first being cooled to 360 DEG C in quenching boiler enters back into water scrubber, into the cracking of water scrubber
Product composition refers to table 1.The cracking gas that further cooling is 40 DEG C from washing column overhead discharge temperature in water scrubber, is entered back into
Using the piece-rate system of predepropanization isolation technics, it is sent into compressor etc. and is separated and purified, obtain ethene, propylene, ethane
And propane.
Yield of ethene is 44.97%, propene yield 6.32%.By ethane therein and propane (ethane content 99.57
Weight %, propane content are 0.43 weight %) return in pyrolysis furnace.
Gas flow into compressor is about 263.03 tons/h.
Embodiment 3
This example demonstrates that the method for the light hydrocarbon feedstocks production ethene and propylene of the present invention.
(1) cracking reaction：Cracking reaction is carried out in 11 CBL-R pyrolysis furnaces, wherein 6 ethane stoves, 2 propane stoves, 2
Platform used in LPG stove, a standby boiler.Light hydrocarbon feedstocks are ethane, propane and liquefied petroleum gas, carry out cracking instead respectively
Should.
Ethane cracking furnace radiant coil outlet temperature is 865 DEG C, and water vapour is 0.3 with ethane weight ratio；Deposition During Propane Pyrolysis
Furnace radiant coil outlet temperature is 855 DEG C, and water vapour is 0.4 with propane weight ratio；Liquefied petroleum gas (composition refers to table 3) splits
It is 840 DEG C to solve furnace radiant coil outlet temperature, and water vapour is 0.65 with liquefied petroleum gas weight ratio；Pyrolysis furnace radiant section exports
Pressure is 0.17MPa, and ethane, propane and liquefied petroleum gas pyrolysis furnace separate unit inlet amount are 28 ton hours；Cracked
Gas；
By cracking cracking gas, first being cooled to 360 DEG C in quenching boiler enters back into water scrubber, into the cracking of water scrubber
Product composition refers to table 1.The cracking gas that further cooling is 55 DEG C from washing column overhead discharge temperature in water scrubber.
(2) copolyreaction：The obtained cracking gas of column overhead will be washed to be passed through containing for 0.1kg/L maleic anhydrides, 0.02kg/
L azodiisobutyronitriles, 1000ml toluene organic reaction liquid in, the weight ratio of cracking gas and maleic anhydride is 1：1,
At 0.125MPa copolyreaction pressure and 85 DEG C, copolyreaction 5 hours；
(3) separate：Copolyreaction product is passed through in flash separator and carries out gas-liquid separation under the conditions of 27 DEG C and 0MPa,
Obtained liquid-solid mixture continues to carry out solid-liquor separation in 4000rpm, centrifugation 20min in whizzer, obtains
6.48g solid copolymer particle.
The gel content determined in solid copolymer particle is 88 weight %, and maleic anhydride structural content is 52 moles of %,
The average diameter of particle is 200 μm.
The conversion ratio of polymerisation is 100%.
Gas-phase product is shown in Table 2 through gas chromatographic analysis, composition.
Gas-phase product is cooled to the piece-rate system entered back into after 40 DEG C using predepropanization isolation technics, is sent into compressor
Etc. being separated and purified, ethene, propylene, ethane and propane are obtained.
Yield of ethene is 49.22%, propene yield 6.92%.Ethane and propane are returned in pyrolysis furnace.
Gas flow into compressor is about 247.96 tons/h.
Compared with comparative example 1, the gas flow into compressor relatively reduces 5.73%, is ensureing ethene and propylene
Under conditions of yield is basically unchanged, cracker energy consumption is reduced.
Table 1
Table 2
As can be seen from the above-described embodiment, method of the invention can realize light hydrocarbon feedstocks production ethene and propylene, and
The cross-linked copolymer containing maleic anhydride structure can be obtained in the case where not adding coupling agent to the copolyreaction, had
There is the degree of cross linking (gel content is more than 80 weight %) for reaching more than 80%, may be used as the raw material of functional material.Simultaneously
The method of the present invention can also reduce the energy consumption of the follow-up separation process of cracker.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of method of light hydrocarbon feedstocks production ethene and propylene, including step：
(1) under steam cracking conditions, light hydrocarbon feedstocks is subjected to cracking reaction, obtain cracking gas；
(2) in the presence of initiator and organic solvent, the cracking gas is in contact with maleic anhydride, C in the cracking gas4End
The part or all of and maleic anhydride of alkene carries out copolyreaction；
(3) product for obtaining step (2) carries out gas-liquid separation, obtains gas-phase product and liquid-solid mixture；Produced with the gas phase
On the basis of the gross weight of thing, C in the gas-phase product4The content of terminal olefine is below 1 weight %；
(4) gas-phase product for obtaining step (3) carries out gas phase isolated ethene, propylene, ethane and propane, and will isolate
Ethane and propane as cycle stock add step (1) light hydrocarbon feedstocks in；
(5) liquid-solid mixture that step (3) obtains is separated, obtains solid product and liquid, the solid product be containing
There is the polymer of maleic anhydride functional groups；In the organic solvent of the liquid return to step (2)；
Wherein, the cracking gas contains 0.1~10 weight % C4Terminal olefine；The light hydrocarbon feedstocks are ethane, propane and liquefaction stone
One or more in oil gas.
2. according to the method for claim 1, wherein, in the cracking reaction, cracking reaction temperature is 800~880 DEG C,
The weight ratio of the light hydrocarbon feedstocks and water vapour is 1：(0.3~0.65).
3. according to the method for claim 1, wherein, in step (2), the weight ratio of the cracking gas and maleic anhydride is
0.3：More than 1, the weight ratio of preferably described cracking gas and maleic anhydride is (0.3~3)：1, more preferably described cracking gas and Malaysia
The weight ratio of acid anhydrides is (0.8~3)：1.
4. according to the method for claim 1, wherein, in step (2), copolyreaction temperature is 50~90 DEG C, and copolymerization is anti-
It is 0~0.25MPa to answer pressure, and the copolyreaction time is 0.5~12h.
5. according to the method for claim 1, wherein, in step (2), the dosage of the initiator is maleic anhydride
0.01~30 mole of %；
Preferably, the initiator is azo-compound or organic peroxide, and preferably described initiator is selected from diphenyl peroxide
Formyl, cumyl peroxide, di-tert-butyl peroxide, dilauroyl peroxide, perbenzoic acid spy butyl ester, the carbon of peroxidating two
At least one of sour diisopropyl ester, the carbon dicyclohexyl maleate of peroxidating two, azodiisobutyronitrile and ABVN.
6. according to the method for claim 1, wherein, in step (2), the dosage of maleic anhydride is the organic solvent
Below 30 weight %；It is preferred that 5 weight %s~25 weight % of the dosage of maleic anhydride for the organic solvent, more preferably 10 weights
Measure the weight % of %~20.
7. according to the method for claim 1, wherein, in step (2), the organic solvent be selected from alkane, aromatic hydrocarbon and
Molecular formula is R1-COO-R2At least one of organic acid alkylester did, wherein R1And R2For C1~C5Alkyl.
8. according to the method described in any one in claim 1-7, wherein, the copolyreaction is Raolical polymerizable；
Preferably, carrying out the method for the copolyreaction includes：The organic solvent, maleic anhydride and the initiator are mixed to form
Organic reaction liquid, then the cracking gas is added in the organic reaction liquid and carries out copolyreaction.
9. according to the method described in any one in claim 1-8, wherein, the polymer is C in the cracking gas4Hold alkene
The cross-linked copolymer of hydrocarbon and maleic anhydride；The content of maleic anhydride construction unit is 48~52 moles of % in the polymer, institute
The gel content for stating polymer is 85~92 weight %.
10. the device of a kind of light hydrocarbon feedstocks production ethene and propylene, including：Cracking apparatus, polymerization unit, gas-liquid separator, gas
Device for phase saparation and liquid-solid separator；Wherein,
The cracking apparatus is used to light hydrocarbon feedstocks being passed through carry out cracking reaction；
The polymerization unit is connected with the cracking apparatus, and the cracking gas for cracking apparatus discharge enters with maleic anhydride
Row copolyreaction；
The gas-liquid separator is connected with the polymerization unit, and the copolyreaction for the polymerization unit to be discharged obtains
The product arrived carries out gas-liquid separation, obtains gas-phase product and liquid-solid mixture；
The gas phase separation equipment is connected with the gas-liquid separator, for the gas-phase product to be separated, obtains second
Alkene, propylene, ethane and propane；
The gas phase separation equipment connects with the cracking apparatus, so that ethane and propane cycles return to the cracking apparatus；
The liquid-solid separator is connected with the gas-liquid separator, carries out isolated containing horse for the liquid-solid mixture
Carry out the polymer of anhydride functional group；The liquid-solid separator is connected with the polymerization unit, to return to the liquid isolated.
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| CN102746873A (en) * | 2011-04-20 | 2012-10-24 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Method for preparing ethylene and propylene through catalytic cracking of light hydrocarbons |
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| CN102746873A (en) * | 2011-04-20 | 2012-10-24 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Method for preparing ethylene and propylene through catalytic cracking of light hydrocarbons |
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