CN107879741A - A kind of preparation method of the pure carbon draw runner material of new pantograph - Google Patents
A kind of preparation method of the pure carbon draw runner material of new pantograph Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention belongs to emerging Carbon Materials technical field, it is proposed that a kind of preparation method of the new pure carbon draw runner material of pantograph, comprise the following steps：1st, from raw material and matched：Raw material includes weight ratio for 66:34~73:27 siccative and binding agent, the siccative include aggregate pitch coke and powder special graphite powder, and the binding agent is modified coal asphalt, real density >=2.05/cm of the pitch coke3, ash content≤0.25%, sulfur content≤0.5%, fugitive constituent≤0.8%；The granularity of the powder special graphite powder is 30 ~ 55 μm, the μ Ω m of resistivity≤8.0, rupture strength >=25Mpa, compression strength >=35Mpa, ash content≤0.20%；The softening point of the modified coal asphalt is 105 ~ 115 DEG C, and coking value is >=56%, ash content≤0.35%；2nd, grind；3rd, it is granulated, extrusion molding；4th, it is calcined：Green compact are put into roaster to be calcined, obtain pure carbon draw runner material.Pure carbon draw runner material property that the present invention prepares is superior, Stability Analysis of Structures, physicochemical property are strong, can be widely applied to pantograph Material Field.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to emerging Carbon Materials technical field, and in particular to a kind of preparation of the new pure carbon draw runner material of pantograph
Method.
Background technology
At present, pure carbonaceous slide plate is one of widely used main slide plate in China's electric railway, be it is nonmetallic in lead
The preferable material of electricity, current domestic electric graphite plant are produced, and the powder that pure carbon slipper is ground when working is adhered to contact wire
Surface, one layer of very thin carbon film is formed, good self-lubricating function is served, the abrasion to wire can be mitigated.According to statistics, make
It is at least 50 years with the netting twine life-span of pure carbon slipper, its abrasion to wire is only 0.006mm/ ten thousand times, and to radio telephone
And radiovision interference is small.
Therefore, Europe waits some countries such as Holland was from 1934, and Germany just begins to use pure carbon slipper from nineteen thirty-five, and mesh
No matter the electric railway road of preceding AC or DC powered all employs pure carbon slipper on copper conductor.In Japan, private railway
All using pure carbon slipper.A kind of excellent sliding material it can be seen that pure carbon slipper be can yet be regarded as.
In the prior art by petroleum coke, pitch coke, carbon black, sulphur, boron nitride, carbon fiber, native graphite, calcium chloride powder etc.
End is placed in mixer and is stirred, and the transformation of the way pitch progress kneading that mixed powder adds fusing in mixed powder is made
Processing, is made kneading material；Base at the beginning of carbon draw runner is made using the kneading material；After base at the beginning of carbon draw runner is cooled into room temperature, enter
Row calcination process, sintering carbon draw runner just base is made；Base at the beginning of sintering carbon draw runner is impregnated successively, drying process, produced.
Existing pantograph carbon draw runner and its manufacture method, the pure carbon carbon bar bulk density of production only have between maximum
1.70g/cm3；The μ Ω .m of resistivity≤40；Rupture strength >=30Mpa；Compression strength >=40Mpa；Rockwell hardness between 75~
78HS, and its bulk density, resistivity etc. directly affect pantograph key performance requirements.The pantograph carbon slide of prior art
In add the chemicals such as sulphur, boron nitride, calcium chloride powder, said on stricti jurise and be not belonging to pure carbonaceous material；Pantograph carbon
The item indexs such as the bulk density of slide plate, strong tool intensity and reliability are not ideal.The physical and chemical index not up to required, it is impossible to meet
Corresponding service life；Diversification high-endization of raw material, such as carbon fiber, native graphite material necessarily increase its manufacturing cost
Add.
The content of the invention
The present invention overcomes the shortcomings of the prior art, and technical problem to be solved is that a kind of new pantograph of offer is pure
The preparation method of carbon draw runner material, fully meet or and be better than to prepare《AC drive locomotive pantograph carbon slide technology bar
Part》Carbon draw runner material.
In order to solve the above-mentioned technical problem, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is：A kind of pure carbon draw runner material of new pantograph
The preparation method of material, comprises the following steps：
S101, from raw material and matched：The raw material includes siccative and binding agent, the weight of the siccative and binding agent
Than for：66:34~73:27, the siccative is the material that mixes of aggregate and powder, and the aggregate is pitch coke, the powder
For special graphite powder, the binding agent is modified coal asphalt, real density >=2.05/cm of the pitch coke3, ash content≤0.25%,
Sulfur content≤0.5%, fugitive constituent≤0.8%；The granularity of the powder special graphite powder is 30 ~ 55 μm, the μ Ω m of resistivity≤8.0,
Rupture strength >=25Mpa, compression strength >=35Mpa, ash content≤0.20%；The softening point of the modified coal asphalt is 105 ~ 115
DEG C, coking value is >=56%, ash content≤0.35%；The granularity quality proportioning of the pitch coke is：0.80mm<Particle diameter≤0.55mm's
Mass ratio is 15~20wt%；0.55mm<Particle diameter≤0.35mm mass ratio is 20~25wt%；0.35mm<Particle diameter≤0.10mm
Mass ratio be 15~20wt%；0<Particle diameter<0.10mm mass ratio is 45~50wt%；
S102, grinding：The siccative for matching to obtain in step S101 is ground to obtain powder；
S103, granulation, extrusion molding；Powder after grinding is subjected to extrusion forming and obtains green compact；
S104, roasting：Green compact are put into roaster to be calcined, comes out of the stove and is cleared up after the completion of roasting, you can obtains pure carbon and slides
Strip material, the heating curve of the roasting are：Heated up during room temperature ~ 250 DEG C with 25 DEG C/h and keep 10h；At 250 ~ 450 DEG C with 8 DEG C/
H heatings keep 25h；Heated up at 450 ~ 700 DEG C with 5 DEG C/h and keep 50h；Heated up at 700 ~ 900 DEG C with 5 ~ 6 DEG C/h and keep 35h；
Heated up at 900 ~ 1100 DEG C with 6 DEG C/h and keep 33h；Heated up at 1100 ~ 1200 DEG C with 6 ~ 7 DEG C/h and keep 15h；1200 DEG C of insulations
24h；1200 ~ 300 DEG C of Temperature falls；Cooling is aerated at 300 ~ 150 DEG C.
The granularity quality proportioning of the pitch coke is：0.80mm<Particle diameter≤0.55mm mass ratio is 15wt%；0.55mm<
Particle diameter≤0.35mm mass ratio is 25wt%；0.35mm<Particle diameter≤0.10mm mass ratio is 15wt%；0<Particle diameter<0.10mm
Mass ratio be 45wt%.
The granularity of the special graphite powder is 30 ~ 50 μm.
The weight of siccative and binding agent ratio is 72 ~ 70 in the raw material:28~30.
The step S101 also includes the step of broken and screening to aggregate.
In the step S103, the temperature of feed cylinder of granulator is set as 140 DEG C of 1st area, 2 160 DEG C of areas, 3 195 DEG C of areas, 4th area
195 DEG C, 5 185 DEG C of areas, 6 180 DEG C of areas, 7 180 DEG C of areas, 8 170 DEG C of areas, temperature fluctuates ± 2 DEG C, engine speed≤12R/
Min, when holding 1 is small after temperature reaches design temperature, start powder to add screw machine, open screw machine and powder is sent to
Comminutor storage bin, the blanking velocity of storage bin is adjusted, open comminutor；The design temperature of mould barrel is 180 DEG C of 1st area, 2nd area
185 DEG C, 3 180 DEG C of areas, 4 185 DEG C of areas, 5 180 DEG C of areas, 6 160 DEG C of areas, 7 155 DEG C of areas, 8 140 DEG C of areas, 9 135 DEG C of areas, above and below temperature
Float ± 5 DEG C, when the temperature of mould barrel rises to design temperature, observation starts charging extrusion molding and obtains green compact after stablizing.
The present invention has the advantages that compared with prior art：
1st, the present invention can be improved using non-metallic conducting material special graphite powder and conducting medium of the modified coal asphalt as material
The electric conductivity of carbon draw runner material.
2nd, the pure carbon draw runner material prepared using the preparation method of the present invention, its superior performance, carbon draw runner material structure
Stable, physicochemical property is strong, has a safety feature, and specific performance index is：Bulk density≤1.80g/cm3, rupture strength >=
35Mpa, compression strength >=45Mpa, impact flexibility >=0.15J/cm2, μ Ω m of 20 DEG C of resistivity≤35, Rockwell hardness≤100；
Resistance to big power frequency and dash current impact, resistance stabilization；Corrosion-resistant, asepsis environment-protecting, service life length.
3rd, preparation technology of the invention is simple, and beneficial to production in enormous quantities, raw material are the extensive material in market, and cost is low.
Embodiment
To make technical scheme and advantage clearer, below in conjunction with specific embodiment, to the skill of the present invention
Art scheme is clearly and completely described, it is clear that and described embodiment is the part of the embodiment of the present invention, rather than entirely
The embodiment in portion；Based on the embodiment in the present invention, those of ordinary skill in the art are not under the premise of creative work is made
The every other embodiment obtained, belongs to the scope of protection of the invention.
The embodiments of the invention provide a kind of preparation method of the new pure carbon draw runner material of pantograph, comprise the following steps：
1st, from raw material and matched：
Inventor passes through many experiments, researchs and analyses and is produced as a trial with product, selects in raw material, finally determines using pitch coke as bone
Material, special graphite powder are powder, modified coal asphalt is binding agent, and aggregate pitch coke and powder special graphite powder mix in the raw material
Close the material formed and be referred to as siccative, the weight ratio of the siccative and binding agent is：66:34~73:27, the pitch coke it is true
Density >=2.05/cm3, ash content≤0.25%, sulfur content≤0.5%, fugitive constituent≤0.8%；The granularity of the powder special graphite powder
For 30 ~ 55 μm, the μ Ω m of resistivity≤8.0, rupture strength >=25Mpa, compression strength >=35Mpa, ash content≤0.20%；It is described to change
The softening point of matter coal tar pitch is 105 ~ 115 DEG C, and coking value is >=56%, ash content≤0.35%；The granularity quality of the pitch coke is matched somebody with somebody
Than for：0.80mm<Particle diameter≤0.55mm mass ratio is 15~20wt%；0.55mm<Particle diameter≤0.35mm mass ratio be 20~
25wt%；0.35mm<Particle diameter≤0.10mm mass ratio is 15~20wt%；0<Particle diameter<0.10mm mass ratio be 45~
50wt%。
Preferably, the granularity quality proportioning of the pitch coke is：0.80mm<Particle diameter≤0.55mm mass ratio is 15wt%；
0.55mm<Particle diameter≤0.35mm mass ratio is 25wt%；0.35mm<Particle diameter≤0.10mm mass ratio is 15wt%；0<Particle diameter<
0.10mm mass ratio is 45wt%.The particles of aggregates accumulation of different-grain diameter is more close, the bulk density of carbon product, the porosity,
Mechanical strength and thermal coefficient of expansion can reach an extraordinary balance, and the bulk density of prepared graphite product is big, the porosity
It is small, thermal coefficient of expansion is small.
Preferably, the granularity of the special graphite powder is 30 ~ 50 μm, the μ Ω m of resistivity≤8.0, rupture strength >=25Mpa,
Compression strength >=35Mpa, ash content≤0.20%.
Preferably, the siccative, the weight ratio of binding agent are 72 ~ 70:28~30.
In addition, the preparation method of the embodiment of the present invention also includes the step of broken and screening to aggregate, elected make good use of needs
After the pitch coke block to be used, block is crushed, after being sieved according to its particle diameter, passes through the grain of above-mentioned pitch coke
Spend quality proportioning and carry out dispensing.
2nd, grind：Siccative is ground to obtain powder, requires that purity is 99.99% during grinding.
3rd, it is granulated, extrusion molding.
The purpose of this step is that the powder after grinding is carried out into extrusion forming to obtain green compact；It is required that the pellet extruded is point
Bulk, pellet must not bond, unite.Therefore, the dosage of binding agent is particularly significant, in the embodiment of the present invention, siccative and binding agent
Weight proportion be：66:34~73:27, preferably 72 ~ 70:28 ~ 30, the green compact that can so cause meet to require.
In this step, the well mixed feed powder by grinding is added in comminutor be granulated first, set comminutor
Barrel and die head temperature, 140 DEG C of 1st area of barrel temperature, 2 160 DEG C of areas, 3 195 DEG C of areas, 4 195 DEG C of areas, 5 185 DEG C of areas, 6 180 DEG C of areas,
7 180 DEG C of areas, 8 170 DEG C of areas, temperature fluctuate ± 2 DEG C, engine speed≤12R/min；Protected after design temperature reaches requirement
Hold 1 hour, start powder to add screw machine, open screw machine and powder is sent to comminutor storage bin, adjust storage bin
Blanking velocity, open comminutor and extrude, cutting knife while opening comminutor by comminutor outlet is opened, adjustment cutting knife speed
Degree；The particle of extrusion is dispersed, and particle is put into special barrel.The embodiment of the present invention is using extrusion molding side
Formula, the siccative requirement required for extrusion molding substantially be in bulk, that is, consumption of binder requires, concurrently sets mould material
180 DEG C of 1st area of cylinder temperature, 2 185 DEG C of areas, 3 180 DEG C of areas, 4 185 DEG C of areas, 5 180 DEG C of areas, 6 160 DEG C of areas, 7 155 DEG C of areas, 8 areas 140
DEG C, 9 135 DEG C of areas, temperature fluctuates ± 5 DEG C, and when design temperature rises to design temperature, starting charging after observation is stable extrudes,
Extrusion molding, the bulk density of the green compact after shaping reach 1.75 ~ 1.78g/cm3。
4th, it is calcined.
Green compact are put into roaster to be calcined, comes out of the stove and is cleared up after the completion of roasting, you can obtain pure carbon draw runner material.
The purpose of roasting is to carbonize binder pitch, excludes volatile matter, makes the binding agent coking in product, improve the electric conductivity of product
Can, consolidated article shape.Maximum temperature reaches 1100 ~ 1200 DEG C, in heating zone, during room temperature ~ 250 DEG C, heats up 25 per hour
DEG C, this stage is that green compact absorb heat to melt the pitch in product, meanwhile, the coal tar pitch in coke hole is because of capillarity
And redistribute, the transfer of part pitch.At 250 ~ 450 DEG C, polycondensation reaction strengthens in roasting product, a large amount of to exclude volatilization hair, coke
Initially form, heat up 8 DEG C per hour, be advantageous to improve the coking rate of binding agent, carbonization at low temperature is changed into coking；At 450 ~ 700 DEG C
When, polycondensation reaction continues to occur, the further coking of product, heats up 5 DEG C per hour；Heated up, be advantageous to this heating rate
Improve the bulk density and intensity of roasting product；At 700 ~ 900 DEG C, heat up 5 ~ 6 DEG C, risen with very fast heating rate per hour
Temperature, the institutional framework of roasting product are further densified；At 900 ~ 1000 DEG C, heat up 6 DEG C per hour, to avoid polycondensation reaction
During roasting product shrink when crack；At 1100 ~ 1200 DEG C, heat up 6 ~ 7 DEG C per hour, consolidate roasting effect.This
In inventive embodiments, the roasting heating curve that uses for：Heated up during room temperature ~ 250 DEG C with 25 DEG C/h speed and keep 10h；250
Heated up at ~ 450 DEG C with 8 DEG C/h speed and keep 25h；Heated up at 450 ~ 700 DEG C with 5 DEG C/h speed and keep 50h；700~
Heated up at 900 DEG C with 5 ~ 6 DEG C/h speed and keep 35h；Heated up at 900 ~ 1100 DEG C with 6 DEG C/h speed and keep 33h；
Heated up at 1100 ~ 1200 DEG C with 6 ~ 7 DEG C/h speed and keep 15h；1200 DEG C of insulation 24h；Then 300 DEG C are naturally cooling to,
It is aeration-cooling to 150 DEG C again.By above-mentioned technology, the pure carbon draw runner of new pantograph can be both prepared using special graphite powder
Material.
The preparation method of the pure carbon draw runner material of new pantograph of the present invention, using special graphite powder as pantograph carbon draw runner material
Expect main material, carbon draw runner material, which is prepared, in it has an extraordinary physical and chemical index, the present invention by raw material, match somebody with somebody
Material and preparation technology are studied in detail, and the bulk density of the pure carbon carbon draw runner material of the new pantograph being prepared≤
1.80g/cm3, rupture strength >=35Mpa, compression strength >=45Mpa, impact flexibility >=0.15J/cm2, the μ of 20 DEG C of resistivity≤35
Ω m, Rockwell hardness≤100.Other materials institute can be instead of completely in some fields for mechanical strength and resistivity
The pure carbon carbon draw runner of pantograph of production.
Embodiments of the invention are explained in detail above, but the present invention is not limited to above-described embodiment, in ability
In the those of ordinary skill's possessed knowledge of domain, various changes can also be made on the premise of present inventive concept is not departed from
Change.
Claims (6)
1. a kind of preparation method of the pure carbon draw runner material of new pantograph, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps：
S101, from raw material and matched：The raw material includes siccative and binding agent, the weight of the siccative and binding agent
Than for：66:34~73:27, the siccative is that aggregate and powder mix, and the aggregate is pitch coke, and the powder is special type
Graphite powder, the binding agent are modified coal asphalt, real density >=2.05/cm of the pitch coke3, ash content≤0.25%, sulfur content
≤ 0.5%, fugitive constituent≤0.8%；The granularity of the powder special graphite powder is 30 ~ 55 μm, the μ Ω of resistivity≤8.0 m, and anti-folding is strong
Degree >=25Mpa, compression strength >=35Mpa, ash content≤0.20%；The softening point of the modified coal asphalt is 105 ~ 115 DEG C, coking
It is worth for >=56%, ash content≤0.35%；The granularity quality proportioning of the pitch coke is：0.80mm<Particle diameter≤0.55mm mass ratio
For 15~20wt%；0.55mm<Particle diameter≤0.35mm mass ratio is 20~25wt%；0.35mm<Particle diameter≤0.10mm quality
Than for 15~20wt%；0<Particle diameter<0.10mm mass ratio is 45~50wt%；
S102, grinding：The siccative for matching to obtain in step S101 is ground to obtain powder；
S103, granulation, extrusion molding；Powder after grinding is subjected to extrusion forming and obtains green compact；
S104, roasting：Green compact are put into roaster to be calcined, comes out of the stove and is cleared up after the completion of roasting, you can obtains pure carbon and slides
Strip material, the heating curve of the roasting are：Heated up during room temperature ~ 250 DEG C with 25 DEG C/h and keep 10h；At 250 ~ 450 DEG C with 8 DEG C/
H heatings keep 25h；Heated up at 450 ~ 700 DEG C with 5 DEG C/h and keep 50h；Heated up at 700 ~ 900 DEG C with 5 ~ 6 DEG C/h and keep 35h；
Heated up at 900 ~ 1100 DEG C with 6 DEG C/h and keep 33h；Heated up at 1100 ~ 1200 DEG C with 6 ~ 7 DEG C/h and keep 15h；1200 DEG C of insulations
24h；1200 ~ 300 DEG C of Temperature falls；Cooling is aerated at 300 ~ 150 DEG C.
2. the preparation method of a kind of new pure carbon draw runner material of pantograph according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described
The granularity quality proportioning of pitch coke is：0.80mm<Particle diameter≤0.55mm mass ratio is 15wt%；0.55mm<Particle diameter≤0.35mm
Mass ratio be 25wt%；0.35mm<Particle diameter≤0.10mm mass ratio is 15wt%；0<Particle diameter<0.10mm mass ratio is
45wt%。
3. the preparation method of a kind of new pure carbon draw runner material of pantograph according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described
The granularity of special graphite powder is 30 ~ 50 μm.
4. the preparation method of a kind of new pure carbon draw runner material of pantograph according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described
The weight of siccative and binding agent ratio is 72 ~ 70 in raw material:28~30.
5. the preparation method of a kind of new pure carbon draw runner material of pantograph according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described
Step S101 also includes the step of broken and screening to aggregate.
6. the preparation method of a kind of new pure carbon draw runner material of pantograph according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described
In step S103, the temperature of feed cylinder of granulator is set as 140 DEG C of 1st area, 2 160 DEG C of areas, 3 195 DEG C of areas, 4 195 DEG C of areas, 5 areas 185
DEG C, 6 180 DEG C of areas, 7 180 DEG C of areas, 8 170 DEG C of areas, temperature fluctuates ± 2 DEG C, engine speed≤12R/min, when temperature reaches
Kept for 1 hour after design temperature, start powder to add screw machine, opened screw machine and powder is sent to comminutor storage bin,
The blanking velocity of storage bin is adjusted, opens comminutor；The design temperature of mould barrel is 180 DEG C of 1st area, 2 185 DEG C of areas, 3 areas 180
DEG C, 4 185 DEG C of areas, 5 180 DEG C of areas, 6 160 DEG C of areas, 7 155 DEG C of areas, 8 140 DEG C of areas, 9 135 DEG C of areas, temperature fluctuates ± 5 DEG C, when
The temperature of mould barrel rises to design temperature, starts charging extrusion molding after observation is stable and obtains green compact.
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