CN107876983B - Method and system for remotely welding galvanized steel sheet for vehicle - Google Patents
Method and system for remotely welding galvanized steel sheet for vehicle Download PDFInfo
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- CN107876983B CN107876983B CN201711443127.0A CN201711443127A CN107876983B CN 107876983 B CN107876983 B CN 107876983B CN 201711443127 A CN201711443127 A CN 201711443127A CN 107876983 B CN107876983 B CN 107876983B
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- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 119
- 229910001335 Galvanized steel Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 46
- 239000008397 galvanized steel Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 46
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 39
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 238000003698 laser cutting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 35
- 239000013307 optical fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 35
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 10
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 10
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 210000001503 joint Anatomy 0.000 description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 3
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000011499 joint compound Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000010953 base metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000006850 spacer group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 238000009834 vaporization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008016 vaporization Effects 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
- B23K26/20—Bonding
- B23K26/21—Bonding by welding
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
- B23K26/14—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring using a fluid stream, e.g. a jet of gas, in conjunction with the laser beam; Nozzles therefor
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
- B23K26/36—Removing material
- B23K26/38—Removing material by boring or cutting
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
- B23K26/70—Auxiliary operations or equipment
- B23K26/702—Auxiliary equipment
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K2101/00—Articles made by soldering, welding or cutting
- B23K2101/006—Vehicles
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K2103/00—Materials to be soldered, welded or cut
- B23K2103/02—Iron or ferrous alloys
- B23K2103/04—Steel or steel alloys
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K2103/00—Materials to be soldered, welded or cut
- B23K2103/08—Non-ferrous metals or alloys
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
- Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Laser Beam Processing (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a method for remotely welding a galvanized steel sheet for a vehicle, which is characterized by comprising the following steps of: step 1, providing a first workpiece and a second workpiece which need to be spliced and welded; step 2, vertically splicing and clamping the first workpiece and the second workpiece up and down; step 3, providing a laser remote cutting system; step 4, providing a laser remote welding system; step 5, providing a welding fixture system; step 6, starting a laser remote cutting system, and enabling a first galvanometer scanning device to focus a formed first laser beam to vertically irradiate the surface of a first workpiece; step 7, starting a mechanical arm control system, and enabling a grabbing device to grab the wavy thin steel sheet and insert the wavy thin steel sheet into the laser cutting seam; and 8, starting a laser remote welding system, and focusing a second laser beam formed by focusing a second galvanometer scanning device to perform laser remote welding along a track to be welded to finish the welding process. The invention also discloses a system for remotely welding the galvanized steel sheet for the vehicle. Compared with the prior art, the invention has good welding effect and simple process.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of cutting welding, in particular to a method and a system for remotely welding a galvanized steel sheet for a vehicle.
Background
The numerous advantageous properties of galvanized steel, in particular its advantageous corrosion protection properties and economic benefits, make it very important in the automotive industry. However, the welding manufacturability of galvanized steel is greatly reduced due to the presence of the zinc layer in the galvanized steel. The reason is that in the welding process of galvanized steel, the physical properties of the zinc coating and the base steel are greatly different (the melting point of zinc coating is 420 ℃, the boiling point is 907 ℃, and the melting point is 1300 ℃ far lower than that of base iron), and the vaporization of zinc coating precedes the melting of base steel. When the galvanized steel splice joint adopts laser welding, the galvanized layer is gasified, the welding process is very unstable, and the defects of welding splashing, seam sinking, air holes and the like are easy to occur.
For this reason, the invention patent publication nos. "CN 102233481B", "CN 102120288B" and "US 8692152B 2" disclose a laser lap welding method of galvanized steel sheets, in which a high-power large-spot laser beam is used to weld galvanized steel sheets at a high speed, elongated holes are formed in a molten pool extending rearward from a laser irradiation point, so that metal vapor generated by laser irradiation is discharged rearward in a laser traveling direction through the elongated holes and in a direction toward a laser irradiation source, and the welding defect problems of laser welded galvanized sheet lap joint weld spatter, pinholes, bubble holes, and the like are solved to some extent, but the technical scheme still has the following problems: in the method, the slender small holes are formed through high-power laser and extremely high welding speed, so that the control is difficult in actual welding, and the cost of a high-power laser light source is greatly increased.
The invention patents of publication nos. "CN 104169039B", "CN 102451955B", "CN 101695790B" and "JP61-74793a" disclose a laser lap welding method of galvanized steel sheets, in which a gap for discharging zinc vapor is provided between galvanized steel sheets to be subjected to lap welding by using a spacer or a horizontal gap, and the problem of welding defects such as spattering of a lap joint weld of a laser welded galvanized sheet and blowholes is solved to some extent, but the technical solution still has the following problems: in the method, auxiliary working procedures are increased by presetting gaps between the lapping plates, and in actual operation, consistent gaps are difficult to maintain, so that the matching selection difficulty of laser welding process parameters is increased.
The laser remote welding is applied to the welding of the parts of the galvanized steel sheet of the vehicle body, has the advantages of high efficiency, simple fixture manufacture and the like, but has extremely unstable welding process for the laser remote welding of the galvanized steel overlap joint, and is easy to generate the defects of welding spatter, weld depression, air holes and the like; by adopting the method of gaps among the prefabricated plates, the defects of concave welding seams and concave ending pits exist, and the strength of the welding seams is reduced.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problems that zinc layers are severely evaporated in the laser remote welding process of the existing galvanized steel sheet overlap joint, the welding process is extremely unstable, and welding spatter, weld seam pits, air holes and the like are easy to occur.
The invention provides a method for remotely welding a galvanized steel sheet for a vehicle, which comprises the following steps of.
And 2, vertically splicing and clamping the first workpiece and the second workpiece up and down.
And 3, providing a laser remote cutting system, wherein the laser remote cutting system is provided with a laser generator, a first transmission optical fiber, a beam splitter, a second transmission optical fiber and a first galvanometer scanning device, the laser generator is connected with the beam splitter through the first transmission optical fiber, and then the beam splitter is connected with the first galvanometer scanning device through the second transmission optical fiber.
And 4, providing a laser remote welding system, wherein the laser remote welding system is provided with a laser generator, a first transmission optical fiber, a beam splitter, a third transmission optical fiber and a second galvanometer scanning device, the laser generator is connected with the beam splitter through the first transmission optical fiber, and then the beam splitter is connected with the second galvanometer scanning device through the third transmission optical fiber.
And 5, providing a welding fixture system, wherein the welding fixture system is provided with a fixture body and a welding line protection gas side-blowing nozzle, the fixture body and the welding line protection gas side-blowing nozzle are fixed together, and the outlet of the welding line protection gas side-blowing nozzle is aligned to a welding area.
And 6, starting a laser remote cutting system, and enabling the first laser beam formed by focusing of the first galvanometer scanning device to vertically irradiate the surface of the first workpiece to obtain a laser cutting seam penetrating through the first workpiece and the second workpiece.
And 7, starting a manipulator control system, and grabbing the wavy thin steel sheet by using an end grabbing device of the inserting piece manipulator to insert the wavy thin steel sheet into the laser cutting seam.
And 8, starting a laser remote welding system, focusing a second laser beam formed by focusing a second galvanometer scanning device to irradiate the upper surfaces of the wavy thin steel sheet and the first workpiece, enabling the center line of the second laser beam to coincide with the symmetrical plane of the laser cutting seam in the width direction, and enabling the second laser beam to carry out laser remote welding along the track to be welded, so that the welding process is completed.
In one embodiment, in steps 3 and 4, the laser generators in the laser remote cutting system and the laser remote welding system are single mode fiber laser generators.
In one embodiment, in steps 6 and 8, the laser power of the first laser beam focused by the first galvanometer scanning device in the laser remote cutting system and the laser power of the second laser beam focused by the second galvanometer scanning device in the laser remote welding system are both 2-3 kW.
In one embodiment, in steps 6 and 8, the first laser beam focal spot diameter formed by focusing the first galvanometer scanning device in the laser remote cutting system is Φ0.1- Φ0.5mm, and the focal power density is 10 6 ~10 7 W/cm 2 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the And the diameter of a second laser beam focal spot formed by focusing the second galvanometer scanning device in the laser remote welding system is phi 0.4-phi 0.8mm.
In one embodiment, in step 8, a distance Δ between a focal position of the second laser beam focused by the second galvanometer scanning device and the surface of the first workpiece in the laser remote welding system is 0-5 mm.
In one embodiment, in step 7, the wavy thin steel sheet is gripped by the gripping device at the tail end of the inserting robot in the robot control system.
In one embodiment, in step 7, the thickness h of the wavy thin steel sheet is 0.2-0.4 mm.
In one embodiment, in step 1, the thicknesses of the first workpiece and the second workpiece are 0.8-1.5 mm.
In one embodiment, in step 6, a first laser beam focused by a first galvanometer scanning device in the laser remote cutting system forms a complete laser cut seam at a splice joint of the first workpiece and the second workpiece.
In one embodiment, the laser remote cutting system comprises a laser generator, a first transmission optical fiber, a beam splitter, a second transmission optical fiber and a first galvanometer scanning device, the laser remote welding system comprises the laser generator, the first transmission optical fiber, the beam splitter, a third transmission optical fiber and a second galvanometer scanning device, the first galvanometer scanning device in the laser remote cutting system and the second galvanometer scanning device in the laser remote welding system are respectively and fixedly connected to a first connecting flange at the tail end of a first mechanical arm and a second connecting flange at the tail end of a second mechanical arm, the vehicle galvanized steel sheet remote welding system further comprises a mechanical arm control system, and an inserting sheet mechanical arm tail end grabbing device of the mechanical arm control system grabs the wavy thin steel sheet to be inserted into a laser cutting seam.
The invention has the beneficial effects that.
1) In the invention, a high-brightness single-mode laser beam is adopted to irradiate a galvanized steel sheet splice joint for laser remote cutting to obtain a laser cutting seam penetrating through a first workpiece and a second workpiece, then a wavy thin steel sheet is inserted into the laser cutting seam, and the galvanized steel sheet splice joint is converted into a galvanized steel sheet splice-butt joint composite joint; particularly, the inserted wavy thin steel sheets create a regular clearance space for the galvanized steel sheet splicing-butt joint compound joint, for forward defocusing (the focal point position is above the surface of the first workpiece) welding, the divergently transmitted laser beams can directly melt the galvanized layer at the splicing position through the gaps of the wavy thin steel sheets, zinc vapor can smoothly escape through the gaps of the wavy thin steel sheets, the phenomenon that zinc vapor interferes with a welding pool is effectively avoided, and the problems that the laser remote welding process of the galvanized steel sheet splicing joint is unstable and welding spatter, seam depression, air holes and the like are easy to occur are solved.
2) According to the invention, the high-brightness single-mode laser beam is firstly adopted to irradiate the galvanized steel sheet overlap joint for laser remote cutting, so that the laser cutting seam penetrating through the first workpiece and the second workpiece is obtained, then the wavy thin steel sheet is inserted into the laser cutting seam, more material filling is added compared with the conventional flat steel sheet, a full-shaped welding seam can be obtained, the concave seam and the ending concave pit of the welding seam are avoided, and the welding seam strength is greatly improved.
3) The method and the system for remotely welding the galvanized steel sheet for the vehicle realize the remote welding of the zero-clearance lap joint of the galvanized steel sheet, have good welding effect, simple process and simple clamp, are easy to realize automation, and are more suitable for mass production of the automobile industry.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of equipment and base metal arrangement related to a method and a system for remotely welding a galvanized steel sheet for a vehicle according to an embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a laser cut seam.
Fig. 3 is a top view of a partial structure of a zinc-plated steel sheet lap-butt joint composite joint.
FIG. 4 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a galvanized steel sheet lap-butt composite joint A-A.
FIG. 5 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a weld welded by the method of the present invention.
Wherein: 1-a first workpiece, 2-a second workpiece, 3-a welding seam protecting gas nozzle outlet, 4-a clamp body, 5-a welding seam protecting gas nozzle, 6-a laser generator, 7-a first transmission optical fiber, 8-a beam splitter, 9-a second transmission optical fiber, 10-a third transmission optical fiber, 11-a first mechanical arm, 12-a first connecting flange, 13-a first galvanometer scanning device, 14-a track to be welded, 15-a first laser beam, 16-a laser cutting seam, 17-a second galvanometer scanning device, 18-a second connecting flange, 19-a second mechanical arm, 20-a second laser beam, 21-an inserting mechanical arm, 22-a grabbing device, 23-a wavy thin steel sheet, 24-a galvanized layer, 25-a solidified welding seam and 26-a welding direction.
Detailed Description
The technical scheme of the invention will be described in detail with reference to fig. 1-5 and specific embodiments.
As shown in fig. 1 to 5, the embodiment of the invention provides a remote welding method of a galvanized steel sheet for a vehicle, which comprises the following steps.
Optionally, the thicknesses of the first workpiece 1 and the second workpiece 2 are 0.8-1.5 mm.
And 2, vertically splicing and clamping the first workpiece 1 and the second workpiece 2 up and down.
And 4, providing a laser remote welding system, wherein the laser remote welding system is provided with a laser generator 6, a first transmission optical fiber 7, a beam splitter 8, a third transmission optical fiber 10 and a second galvanometer scanning device 17, the laser generator 6 is connected with the beam splitter 8 through the first transmission optical fiber 7, and then the beam splitter 8 is connected with the second galvanometer scanning device 17 through the third transmission optical fiber 10.
Alternatively, the laser generator 6 in the laser remote cutting system and the laser remote welding system is a single mode fiber laser generator.
And 5, providing a welding fixture system, wherein the welding fixture system is provided with a fixture body 4, a welding line protection gas side blowing nozzle 5, the fixture body 4 and the welding line protection gas side blowing nozzle 5 are fixed together, and a welding line protection gas side blowing nozzle outlet 3 is aligned to a welding area.
And 6, starting a laser remote cutting system, and enabling the first galvanometer scanning device 13 to focus the formed first laser beam 15 to vertically irradiate the surface of the first workpiece 1 so as to obtain a laser cutting seam 16 penetrating through the first workpiece 1 and the second workpiece 2.
The first laser beam 15 focused by the first galvanometer scanning device 13 in the laser remote cutting system forms a complete laser cutting seam 16 at the joint of the first workpiece 1 and the second workpiece 2.
And 7, starting a manipulator control system, and enabling the tail end grabbing device 22 of the inserting piece manipulator 21 to grab the wavy thin steel sheet 23 and insert the wavy thin steel sheet into the laser cutting slit 16.
Optionally, the tail end grabbing device 22 of the inserting sheet manipulator 21 grabs the wavy thin steel sheet 23 in the manipulator control system.
Optionally, the thickness h of the wavy thin steel sheet 23 is 0.2-0.4 mm.
And 8, starting a laser remote welding system, focusing a second laser beam 20 formed by focusing by a second galvanometer scanning device 17 to irradiate the wavy thin steel sheet 23 and the upper surface of the first workpiece 1, overlapping the central line of the second laser beam 20 with the width direction symmetrical surface of the laser cutting seam 16, and performing laser remote welding on the second laser beam 20 along the track 14 to be welded to finish the welding process.
The laser power of a first laser beam 15 formed by focusing a first galvanometer scanning device 13 in a laser remote cutting system and the laser power of a second laser beam 20 formed by focusing a second galvanometer scanning device 17 in the laser remote welding system are both 2-3 kW, the diameter of a focal spot of the first laser beam 15 formed by focusing the first galvanometer scanning device 13 in the laser remote cutting system is phi 0.1-phi 0.5mm, and the focal power density is 10 6 ~10 7 W/cm 2 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the In the laser remote welding system, the focal spot diameter of the second laser beam 20 formed by focusing of the second galvanometer scanning device 17 is phi 0.4-phi 0.8mm, and the distance delta between the focal position of the second laser beam 20 and the surface of the first workpiece 1 is 0-5 mm.
The invention also provides a remote welding system for the galvanized steel sheet for the vehicle, which comprises a laser remote cutting system and a laser remote welding system, wherein the laser remote cutting system is provided with a laser generator 6, a first transmission optical fiber 7, a beam splitter 8, a second transmission optical fiber 9 and a first galvanometer scanning device 13, the laser remote welding system is provided with the laser generator 6, the first transmission optical fiber 7, the beam splitter 8, a third transmission optical fiber 10 and a second galvanometer scanning device 17, the first galvanometer scanning device 13 in the laser remote cutting system and the second galvanometer scanning device 17 in the laser remote welding system are respectively and fixedly connected to a first connecting flange 12 at the tail end of a first mechanical arm 11 and a second connecting flange 18 at the tail end of a second mechanical arm 19, the remote welding system for the galvanized steel sheet for the vehicle also comprises a mechanical arm control system, and an inserting piece mechanical arm 21 tail end grabbing device 22 of the mechanical arm control system grabs a wave-shaped thin steel sheet 23 to be inserted into the laser cutting seam 16.
In the invention, a high-brightness single-mode laser beam is firstly adopted to irradiate a galvanized steel sheet splice joint for laser remote cutting to obtain a laser cutting seam 16 penetrating through a first workpiece 1 and a second workpiece 2, and then a wavy thin steel sheet 23 is inserted into the laser cutting seam 16 to convert the galvanized steel sheet splice joint into a galvanized steel sheet splice-butt joint composite joint; in particular, the inserted wavy thin steel sheet 23 creates a regular clearance space for the zinc-plated steel sheet splicing-butt joint compound joint, for positive defocusing (the focal point position is above the surface of the first workpiece 1) welding, the divergently transmitted laser beam can directly melt the zinc-plated layer 24 at the splicing position through the gap of the wavy thin steel sheet 23, zinc vapor can smoothly escape through the gap of the wavy thin steel sheet 23, the phenomenon that zinc vapor interferes with a welding pool is effectively avoided, and the problems that the laser remote welding process of the zinc-plated steel sheet splicing joint is unstable and welding spatter, weld seam recess, air holes and the like are easy to occur are solved.
In the invention, the high-brightness single-mode laser beam is firstly adopted to irradiate the galvanized steel sheet overlap joint for laser remote cutting to obtain the laser cutting seam 16 penetrating through the first workpiece 1 and the second workpiece 2, and then the wavy thin steel sheet 23 is inserted into the laser cutting seam 16, so that more material filling is added compared with the conventional flat steel sheet, a full-shaped welding seam can be obtained, the concave seam and the ending concave pit of the welding seam are avoided, and the welding seam strength is greatly improved.
The method and the system for remotely welding the galvanized steel sheet for the vehicle realize the remote welding of the zero-clearance lap joint of the galvanized steel sheet, have good welding effect, simple process and simple clamp, are easy to realize automation, and are more suitable for mass production of the automobile industry.
Claims (5)
1. The method for remotely welding the galvanized steel sheet for the vehicle is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
step 1, providing a first workpiece and a second workpiece which need to be spliced and welded, wherein the first workpiece and the second workpiece are galvanized steel plates for vehicles, and the thicknesses of the first workpiece and the second workpiece are 0.8-1.5 mm;
step 2, vertically splicing and clamping the first workpiece and the second workpiece up and down;
step 3, providing a laser remote cutting system, wherein the laser remote cutting system is provided with a laser generator, a first transmission optical fiber, a beam splitter, a second transmission optical fiber and a first galvanometer scanning device, the laser generator is connected with the beam splitter through the first transmission optical fiber, and then the beam splitter is connected with the first galvanometer scanning device through the second transmission optical fiber;
step 4, providing a laser remote welding system, wherein the laser remote welding system is provided with a laser generator, a first transmission optical fiber, a beam splitter, a third transmission optical fiber and a second galvanometer scanning device, the laser generator is connected with the beam splitter through the first transmission optical fiber, and then the beam splitter is connected with the second galvanometer scanning device through the third transmission optical fiber;
step 5, providing a welding fixture system, wherein the welding fixture system is provided with a fixture body and a welding line protection gas side-blowing nozzle, the fixture body and the welding line protection gas side-blowing nozzle are fixed together, and an outlet of the welding line protection gas side-blowing nozzle is aligned to a welding area;
step 6, starting a laser remote cutting system, and enabling a first laser beam formed by focusing of a first galvanometer scanning device to vertically irradiate the surface of a first workpiece to obtain a laser cutting seam penetrating through the first workpiece and a second workpiece;
step 7, starting a manipulator control system, wherein a gripping device at the tail end of the inserting sheet manipulator grips the wavy thin steel sheet and inserts the wavy thin steel sheet into the laser cutting seam, and the thickness h of the wavy thin steel sheet is 0.2-0.4 mm;
and 8, starting a laser remote welding system, focusing a second laser beam formed by focusing a second galvanometer scanning device to irradiate the upper surfaces of the wavy thin steel sheet and the first workpiece, enabling the center line of the second laser beam to coincide with the symmetrical plane of the laser cutting seam in the width direction, and enabling the second laser beam to carry out laser remote welding along the track to be welded, so that the welding process is completed.
2. The method for remotely welding a galvanized steel sheet for a vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that: in the steps 3 and 4, the laser generators in the laser remote cutting system and the laser remote welding system are single-mode fiber laser generators.
3. The method for remotely welding a galvanized steel sheet for a vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that: in the steps 6 and 8, the laser power of the first laser beam formed by focusing the first galvanometer scanning device in the laser remote cutting system and the laser power of the second laser beam formed by focusing the second galvanometer scanning device in the laser remote welding system are both 2-3 kW.
4. The method for remotely welding a galvanized steel sheet for a vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that: in the steps 6 and 8, the diameter of a first laser beam focal spot formed by focusing a first galvanometer scanning device in the laser remote cutting system is phi 0.1-phi 0.5mm, and the focal power density is 10 6 ～10 7 W/cm 2 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the And the diameter of a second laser beam focal spot formed by focusing the second galvanometer scanning device in the laser remote welding system is phi 0.4-phi 0.8mm.
5. The method for remotely welding a galvanized steel sheet for a vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that: in the step 8, the distance delta between the focal position of the second laser beam formed by focusing of the second galvanometer scanning device and the surface of the first workpiece in the laser remote welding system is 0-5 mm.
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| CN201711443127.0A CN107876983B (en) | 2017-12-27 | 2017-12-27 | Method and system for remotely welding galvanized steel sheet for vehicle |
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| CN201711443127.0A CN107876983B (en) | 2017-12-27 | 2017-12-27 | Method and system for remotely welding galvanized steel sheet for vehicle |
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| CN107876983B true CN107876983B (en) | 2023-05-23 |
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| CN108890059B (en) * | 2018-09-25 | 2021-01-26 | 长沙理工大学 | Aluminum alloy sheet welding method |
| CN108907393B (en) * | 2018-09-25 | 2021-01-26 | 长沙理工大学 | Automobile galvanized steel sheet lap welding method |
| CN111005016B (en) * | 2019-12-27 | 2024-07-19 | 浙江工业大学 | Scanning galvanometer-assisted supersonic laser composite high-speed deposition device |
| CN112475643B (en) * | 2020-11-24 | 2022-07-26 | 中国船舶科学研究中心 | Welding device and welding process for reducing porosity in laser welding joint |
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