CN107876689A - A kind of life-prolonging method of crank axle bending and upsetting shaping dies - Google Patents

A kind of life-prolonging method of crank axle bending and upsetting shaping dies Download PDF

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Publication number
CN107876689A
CN107876689A CN201711084035.8A CN201711084035A CN107876689A CN 107876689 A CN107876689 A CN 107876689A CN 201711084035 A CN201711084035 A CN 201711084035A CN 107876689 A CN107876689 A CN 107876689A
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China
Prior art keywords
die
die cavity
mould
bending
upsetting
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CN201711084035.8A
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CN107876689B (en
Inventor
康凤
赵祖德
陈强
林军
胡传凯
夏祥生
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Southwest Institute of Technology and Engineering of China South Industries Group
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No 59 Research Institute of China Ordnance Industry
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21KMAKING FORGED OR PRESSED METAL PRODUCTS, e.g. HORSE-SHOES, RIVETS, BOLTS OR WHEELS
    • B21K1/00Making machine elements
    • B21K1/06Making machine elements axles or shafts
    • B21K1/08Making machine elements axles or shafts crankshafts
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21JFORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
    • B21J13/00Details of machines for forging, pressing, or hammering
    • B21J13/02Dies or mountings therefor
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21DMODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D1/00General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
    • C21D1/18Hardening; Quenching with or without subsequent tempering
    • C21D1/25Hardening, combined with annealing between 300 degrees Celsius and 600 degrees Celsius, i.e. heat refining ("Vergüten")
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21DMODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D1/00General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
    • C21D1/26Methods of annealing
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23CCOATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C14/00Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material
    • C23C14/22Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material characterised by the process of coating
    • C23C14/48Ion implantation

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Forging (AREA)
  • Shafts, Cranks, Connecting Bars, And Related Bearings (AREA)
  • Heat Treatment Of Articles (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of life-prolonging method of crank axle bending and upsetting shaping dies, it is split combination structure by the mold design of bent axle, die crank working portion is made up of multiple modules such as bending die, positioning mould, finishing die, thrust moulds, wherein finishing die is inlayed by die sleeve and core rod and formed again, the structure design of shaped portion is two symmetrical die cavities, core portion is done reinforcing heat treatment by alternation to bear high temperature and high load lotus effect.The the first crank throw blank heated is put into one of die cavity of the symmetrical die cavity of mould, after matched moulds by mould first when work is formed, after the bending upsetting extrusion for completing the first crank throw, product is taken out, is blown away the oxide skin in die cavity with valve, the spray lubrication heat preserving agent into die cavity.The present invention can make the continuously work more than 2000 of crank axle bending and upsetting shaping dies, and production cost is greatly reduced, and improve production efficiency, treatment process is easy, application easy to spread.

Description

A kind of life-prolonging method of crank axle bending and upsetting shaping dies
Technical field
The present invention relates to precision plastic forming technical field, more particularly to a kind of crank axle bending and upsetting shaping dies is lengthened the life Method.
Background technology
It is one of current massive engine machine crankshaft manufacturing technology focus that bending and upsetting legal system, which makes stagger crankshaft, with traditional hot-die Forging unitary mould structure is compared, and its mould structure is multilayer separate assembling, and combining structure can improve mould bearing capacity, drop Low mold materials expense, the convenient and cycle that repairs a die are short;But due to the loading characteristic of bending and upsetting shaping dies, mold work condition Extremely severe, same die cavity heats repeatedly, under the alternate load effect of complexity, while also expanded with heat and contract with cold, heat fatigue, abrasion Deng influence, thin-wall construction stress condition in upsetting squeeze crank throw is extremely severe, is squeezed, bends a variety of load effects, same type Chamber bears big load repeatedly.Once secondary mould, often service life only tens needs to change, and changes the mold cycle length, costly, Have a strong impact on production progress.In order to improve die life, existing process often designs multiple preform to improve mould work Condition, but this method does not solve the problems, such as mould stress fundamentally, and also by complex technical process, technique controlling difficulty is more Greatly.
The content of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is:There is provided that a kind of simple process, cost are low, shorten the mould of process cycle prolongs Longevity method.
To solve above-mentioned technical problem:The present invention proposes a kind of life-prolonging method of crank axle bending and upsetting shaping dies, bag Include following steps:
A kind of life-prolonging method of crank axle bending and upsetting shaping dies, it is characterised in that:Comprise the following steps:
Step 1: forging die base
Shaping die cavity core material H13 steel is forged to core rod size with forging ratio not less than 3;
Step 2: annealing
The forging die blank that step 1 obtains is made annealing treatment;
Step 3: roughing die cavity
The annealing mold base that step 2 obtains is reserved into 2mm to core rod size according to cavity dimension roughing;
Step 4: Tempering and Quenching
The roughing core rod that step 3 obtains is heat-treated, heat treatment hardness to HRC42-HRC48;
Step 5: finishing die cavity
Core rod after step 4 Tempering and Quenching is carried out according to cavity dimension to be refined to desired size;
Step 6: surface treatment
Duplex surface intensive treatment is carried out using the technique of surfaces nitrided+C/Ti dual implants to the mould finished;
Step 5: remaining module is processed
To remaining module in addition to core rod, prepared using the quenched rear finishing of 45 steel;
Step 6: shaping work
During shaping, the first crank throw blank heated is put into a certain die cavity of die forming first, after matched moulds, completes first The bending upsetting extrusion of crank throw;Then product is taken out, spray lubrication heat preserving agent, the blank for second being turned part add into the die cavity Heat, it is put into after the completion of heating in the symmetrical another die cavity of mould, matched moulds, completes the bending upsetting extrusion of the second crank throw, take After going out product, the spray lubrication heat preserving agent into the die cavity repeats process above again, and die cavity alternation is whole until completing The shaping of bent axle whole crank throw.
Mould in the step 1 to step 5 is combined type mosaic texture, and the mould for participating in shaping is combined type.
Technology for Heating Processing is double circulation quenching+tempering in the step 4:(1160 DEG C × 1h quenches+600 DEG C × 2h Tempering)+(1040 DEG C × 1h quenches+600 DEG C × 2h tempering).
In the step 6, into die cavity, spray lubrication heat preserving agent is a kind of binding agent, and its composition is:5%~10% graphite, 10%~30% glass dust, 3%~5% molybdenum disulfide, 1%~5% borax anhydrous, 1%~5% Na2SiO3, 20%~40% Epoxy resin, 10%~30% dimethylbenzene, it is weight ratio above.
The invention has the advantages that:
1st, because the present invention is combined type mosaic texture, the mould for participating in shaping is combined type, wherein except tradition is by core rod With a secondary mould of die sleeve composition, whole die cavity forms whole set of die by 10 secondary moulds, makes whole set of die by traditional overall mould Whole point zero of switching to of tool, uniform force and flexibility protrude, and the convenient and cycle that repairs a die is shorter.
2nd, because the present invention is dimorphism chamber, traditional dimorphism chamber is usually for one-mold multiple-member, improves production efficiency, into Two die cavities work simultaneously during shape, with ensure it is once-forming go out multiple identical workpiece of shape.And the present invention then with tradition Technique is entirely different, and its two die cavity designed replaces stress and is heated at work, and main purpose is to improve mold cavity to hold The operating mode of continuous high temperature and top load, significantly improves die life.
3rd, because the present invention uses double circulation quenching+tempering, this hair different from traditional primary quenching+tempering process The bright process cycles for quenching+tempering twice, can generate the good carboritride of high-temperature stability, with normative heat treatment phase Than intensity improves 9%~10%, and elongation percentage improves 10%~12%, and impact flexibility improves 20%.
4th, because the present invention is using lubrication heat preserving agent, die surface is sprayed on during work and forms the thin of one layer of continuous uniform Film, it, which is acted on, mainly prevents die cavity fast cooling, to avoid the violent temperature difference from mold cavity surface is acted on by alternate stress, Produce fatigue failure.
5th, the present invention is inlayed using combined type, dimorphism cavity configuration and double circulation quenching+tempering are heat-treated, die life It can improve to more than 2000.
6th, traditional hot forging unitary mould structure raw material require high, and difficulty of processing is big, and process is more, and cost is high;And use Other modules beyond raw material core rod needed for the present invention are 45 steel, overall cost low compared with unitary mould more than 50%.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is to bend upper and lower mould in mould;
Fig. 2 is to shape upper and lower mould in mould;
Fig. 3 is that mould stops to push away upper and lower mould;
Fig. 4 is to position upper and lower mould in mould;
Fig. 5 is mold work schematic diagram.
Embodiment
The present invention is described in further detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, it is necessary to it is pointed out here that, implement in detail below Mode is served only for that the present invention is further detailed, it is impossible to limiting the scope of the invention is interpreted as, the field Those of ordinary skill can make some nonessential modifications and adaptations according to foregoing invention content to the present invention.
Fig. 1 is into Fig. 4, it can be seen that the mould used is respectively provided with two die cavities, is used alternatingly, and can increase the longevity of mould Life.Fig. 5 is the operating diagram of mould at work.
Embodiment 1:
A kind of life-prolonging method of RSV92-C crank axle bending and upsettings shaping dies, comprises the following steps:
1st, H13 steel ingots are forged to φ 500mm × 130mm core rod approximate sizes with forging ratio 3.7;
2nd, core rod forging stock is annealed by 1050 DEG C ± 20 DEG C of temperature;
3rd, the core rod forging stock after annealing is reserved into 2mm to core rod size according to cavity dimension roughing;
4th, by the complete core rod of roughing according to " double circulation quenching+tempering(1160 DEG C of ± 20 DEG C × 1h quench+600 DEG C × 2h Tempering)+(1040 DEG C of ± 20 DEG C × 1h quench+600 DEG C × 2h tempering)" technique carry out it is quenched;
5th, the core rod after will be quenched is finished according to cavity dimension, and two cavity dimensions are consistent and are distributed along Central Symmetry;
6th, duplex surface intensive treatment is carried out using the technique of surfaces nitrided+C/Ti dual implants to the mould finished;
7th, to remaining shaping, thrust and locating module in addition to core rod, prepared using the quenched rear finishing of 45 steel;
8th, the first crank throw blank heated is put into wherein the one of the symmetrical die cavity of mould by mould first when work is formed In individual die cavity, after matched moulds, after the bending upsetting extrusion for completing the first crank throw, product is taken out, with valve by the oxide skin in die cavity Blow away, and the spray lubrication heat preserving agent into die cavity.
9th, by the blank heating of the second throw portion, it is put into the symmetrical another die cavity of mould, closes after the completion of heating Mould, the bending upsetting extrusion of the second crank throw is completed, after taking out product, blown away the oxide skin in die cavity with valve, and to die cavity Interior spray lubrication heat preserving agent.Two die cavity alternations, the shaping until completing whole bent axle whole crank throw.
10th, after cooling down in atmosphere, mould is checked, if there is the defects of crackle, chipping to occur.
Using the RSV92-C bent axles bending and upsetting mould of life-prolonging method of the present invention, do not sent out after 2000, bent axle is shaped Raw destruction situation, in three crank throw of 2128 bent axles of shaping, levorotation chamber has crackle, due to only changing core portion, changes The mould cycle is time-consuming only 4 days.
Embodiment 2:
A kind of life-prolonging method of JDB26-C crank axle bending and upsettings shaping dies, comprises the following steps:
1st, H13 steel ingots are forged to φ 500mm × 150mm core rod approximate sizes with forging ratio 3.6;
2nd, core rod forging stock is annealed by 1050 DEG C ± 20 DEG C of temperature;
3rd, the core rod forging stock after annealing is reserved into 2mm to core rod size according to cavity dimension roughing;
4th, by the complete core rod of roughing according to " double circulation quenching+tempering(1160 DEG C of ± 20 DEG C × 1h quench+600 DEG C × 2h Tempering)+(1040 DEG C of ± 20 DEG C × 1h quench+600 DEG C × 2h tempering)" technique carry out it is quenched;
5th, the core rod after will be quenched is finished according to cavity dimension, and two cavity dimensions are consistent and are distributed along Central Symmetry;
6th, duplex surface intensive treatment is carried out using the technique of surfaces nitrided+C/Ti dual implants to the mould finished;
7th, to remaining shaping, thrust and locating module in addition to core rod, prepared using the quenched rear finishing of 45 steel;
8th, the first crank throw blank heated is put into wherein the one of the symmetrical die cavity of mould by mould first when work is formed In individual die cavity, after matched moulds, after the bending upsetting extrusion for completing the first crank throw, product is taken out, with valve by the oxide skin in die cavity Blow away, the spray lubrication heat preserving agent into die cavity.
9th, by the blank heating of the second throw portion, it is put into the symmetrical another die cavity of mould, closes after the completion of heating Mould, the bending upsetting extrusion of the second crank throw is completed, after taking out product, repeat above to be blown the oxide skin in die cavity with valve again Walk, the process of spray lubrication heat preserving agent into die cavity, two die cavity alternations, until complete whole bent axle whole crank throw into Shape.
10th, after cooling down in atmosphere, mould is checked, if there is the defects of crackle, chipping to occur.
Using the JDB26-C bent axles bending and upsetting mould of life-prolonging method of the present invention, do not sent out after 2000, bent axle is shaped Raw destruction situation, in first crank throw of 2212 bent axles of shaping, chipping occurs for levorotation chamber, due to only changing core portion, mold changing Cycle is time-consuming only 3 days.
It by the mold design of bent axle is split combination structure that the present invention, which is, and die crank working portion is by bending die, fixed Multiple module compositions such as position mould, finishing die, thrust mould, wherein finishing die are inlayed by die sleeve and core rod and formed again, the choosing of core rod material With high-quality mould steel, the structure design of shaped portion is two symmetrical die cavities, and high temperature and high load lotus is born in alternation Effect, while core portion is done into reinforcing heat treatment.
Using the present invention, the continuously work more than 2000 of crank axle bending and upsetting shaping dies can be made, production is greatly reduced Cost, production efficiency is improved, treatment process is easy, application easy to spread.

Claims (5)

  1. A kind of 1. life-prolonging method of crank axle bending and upsetting shaping dies, it is characterised in that:Comprise the following steps:
    Step 1: forging die base
    Shaping die cavity core material H13 steel is forged to core rod size with forging ratio not less than 3;
    Step 2: annealing
    The forging die blank that step 1 obtains is made annealing treatment;
    Step 3: roughing die cavity
    The annealing mold base that step 2 obtains is reserved into 2mm to core rod size according to cavity dimension roughing;
    Step 4: Tempering and Quenching
    The roughing core rod that step 3 obtains is heat-treated, heat treatment hardness to HRC42-HRC48;
    Step 5: finishing die cavity
    Core rod after step 4 Tempering and Quenching is carried out according to cavity dimension to be refined to desired size;
    Step 6: surface treatment
    Duplex surface intensive treatment is carried out using the technique of surfaces nitrided+C/Ti dual implants to the mould finished;
    Step 5: remaining module is processed
    To remaining module in addition to core rod, prepared using the quenched rear finishing of 45 steel;
    Step 6: shaping work
    During shaping, the first crank throw blank heated is put into a certain die cavity of die forming first, after matched moulds, completes first The bending upsetting extrusion of crank throw;Then product is taken out, spray lubrication heat preserving agent, the blank for second being turned part add into the die cavity Heat, it is put into after the completion of heating in the symmetrical another die cavity of mould, matched moulds, completes the bending upsetting extrusion of the second crank throw, take After going out product, the spray lubrication heat preserving agent into the die cavity repeats process above again, and die cavity alternation is whole until completing The shaping of bent axle whole crank throw.
  2. 2. the life-prolonging method of crank axle bending and upsetting shaping dies according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:The step 3rd, Step 4: processing cavity in step 5, for several moulds composition, the dimorphism chamber that two shapes are identical, symmetrical.
  3. 3. the life-prolonging method of crank axle bending and upsetting shaping dies according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:The step 1 Mould into step 5 is combined type mosaic texture, and the mould for participating in shaping is combined type.
  4. 4. the life-prolonging method of crank axle bending and upsetting shaping dies according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:The step 4 Middle Technology for Heating Processing is double circulation quenching+tempering:(1160 DEG C × 1h quenches+600 DEG C × 2h tempering)+(1040 DEG C × 1h quenches + 600 DEG C × 2h of fire is tempered).
  5. 5. the life-prolonging method of crank axle bending and upsetting shaping dies according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:The step 6 In, into die cavity, spray lubrication heat preserving agent is a kind of binding agent, and its composition is:5%~10% graphite, 10%~30% glass dust, 3%~5% molybdenum disulfide, 1%~5% borax anhydrous, 1%~5% Na2SiO3, 20%~40% epoxy resin, 10%~30% Dimethylbenzene, be weight ratio above.
CN201711084035.8A 2017-11-07 2017-11-07 A kind of life-prolonging method of crank axle bending and upsetting shaping dies Active CN107876689B (en)

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Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN109202387A (en) * 2018-11-14 2019-01-15 安徽宁国中鼎模具制造有限公司 A kind of thin-wall part processing technology
CN110773965A (en) * 2019-10-29 2020-02-11 中国兵器工业第五九研究所 Metal die for cold extrusion forming of high-viscosity material and preparation method
CN111607757A (en) * 2020-05-25 2020-09-01 东风汽车紧固件有限公司 Surface treatment method of 7Cr7Mo2V2Si high-temperature upsetting die
CN112575166A (en) * 2020-12-30 2021-03-30 江苏南洋中京科技有限公司 Heat treatment method of outer star wheel forging die

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
KR20130118534A (en) * 2012-04-20 2013-10-30 현대중공업 주식회사 Manufacturing process for die forging crank shafts
CN103567729A (en) * 2012-08-05 2014-02-12 韦光东 Hub extrusion die casting manufacturing process
JP2014079801A (en) * 2012-10-18 2014-05-08 Toyota Motor Corp Hot forging device
CN104438853A (en) * 2014-12-14 2015-03-25 马鞍山市国菱机械刃模有限公司 Indentation-free bending machine die and manufacture method thereof
WO2016027208A1 (en) * 2014-08-18 2016-02-25 Bharat Forge Limited A method of forging complex parts from continuous cast billets
CN106853503A (en) * 2017-02-27 2017-06-16 辽宁五八内燃机配件有限公司 The positioning combined mould in crankshaft crank upsetting shaping axial direction

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
KR20130118534A (en) * 2012-04-20 2013-10-30 현대중공업 주식회사 Manufacturing process for die forging crank shafts
CN103567729A (en) * 2012-08-05 2014-02-12 韦光东 Hub extrusion die casting manufacturing process
JP2014079801A (en) * 2012-10-18 2014-05-08 Toyota Motor Corp Hot forging device
WO2016027208A1 (en) * 2014-08-18 2016-02-25 Bharat Forge Limited A method of forging complex parts from continuous cast billets
CN104438853A (en) * 2014-12-14 2015-03-25 马鞍山市国菱机械刃模有限公司 Indentation-free bending machine die and manufacture method thereof
CN106853503A (en) * 2017-02-27 2017-06-16 辽宁五八内燃机配件有限公司 The positioning combined mould in crankshaft crank upsetting shaping axial direction

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN109202387A (en) * 2018-11-14 2019-01-15 安徽宁国中鼎模具制造有限公司 A kind of thin-wall part processing technology
CN110773965A (en) * 2019-10-29 2020-02-11 中国兵器工业第五九研究所 Metal die for cold extrusion forming of high-viscosity material and preparation method
CN111607757A (en) * 2020-05-25 2020-09-01 东风汽车紧固件有限公司 Surface treatment method of 7Cr7Mo2V2Si high-temperature upsetting die
CN111607757B (en) * 2020-05-25 2022-12-06 东风汽车紧固件有限公司 Surface treatment method for manufacturing high-temperature upsetting die by 7Cr7Mo2V2Si
CN112575166A (en) * 2020-12-30 2021-03-30 江苏南洋中京科技有限公司 Heat treatment method of outer star wheel forging die

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