CN103846635A - Forging method for automotive engine crankshaft - Google Patents
Forging method for automotive engine crankshaft Download PDFInfo
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- CN103846635A CN103846635A CN201410047538.8A CN201410047538A CN103846635A CN 103846635 A CN103846635 A CN 103846635A CN 201410047538 A CN201410047538 A CN 201410047538A CN 103846635 A CN103846635 A CN 103846635A
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- forging
- equal
- steel ingot
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23P—METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; COMBINED OPERATIONS; UNIVERSAL MACHINE TOOLS
- B23P15/00—Making specific metal objects by operations not covered by a single other subclass or a group in this subclass
- B23P15/14—Making specific metal objects by operations not covered by a single other subclass or a group in this subclass gear parts, e.g. gear wheels
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21J—FORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
- B21J5/00—Methods for forging, hammering, or pressing; Special equipment or accessories therefor
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- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention discloses a forging method for an automotive engine crankshaft. The forging method comprises the following steps that a steel ingot is poured, wherein the steel ingot contains the following chemical compositions in percentage by weight: C is more than or equal to 0.556% and is less than or equal to 0.676%; Si is more than or equal to 2.25% and is less than or equal to 3.40%; Mn is more than or equal to 0.20% and is less than or equal to 0.80%; P is more than or equal to 0.080% and is less than or equal to 0.100%; S is more than or equal to 0.015% and is less than or equal to 0.040%; Cr is more than or equal to 2.50% and is less than or equal to 3.50%; Ti is more than or equal to trace amount and is less than or equal to 0.0018%; Zn is more than or equal to the trace amount and is less than or equal to 0.0015%; the residual is Fe and inevitable impurities. The poured steel ingot is cooled to 360 DEG C, then heated to 670-760 DEG C and is subjected to heat insulation for 3-5 hours, the steel ingot undergoes furnace is cooled to 300 DEG C and is subjected to heat insulation for 3 hours, then the steel ingot is heated to 650-700 DEG C and is subjected to heat insulation for 6-8 hours, and finally, the steel ingot is cooled to 400 DEG C at the speed of 30 DEG C per hour and cooled to the room temperature at the speed of 20 DEG C per hour. With the forging method, the automotive engine crankshaft is suitable for large batch industrial production, the phenomena of containing impurities and insufficient filling in the forging process are reduced, the mechanical performance of products is further improved, the material consumption is saved, and the mold life of the products is prolonged.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of forging method of automobile engine crankshaft.
Background technology
Bent axle is important parts on engine, and its material is made up of carbon structural steels or spheroidal graphite cast-iron, has two significant points: trunnion and connecting rod neck.Trunnion is installed on nullisomic, and connecting rod neck is connected with crank pin end pore, and connecting rod small end hole is connected with steam-cylinder piston, is a typical slider-crank mechanism.
Engine crankshaft is as important moving component, and designing requirement is high, simultaneously because of bent axle operating mode and severe, thereby requires very strict to crankshaft material, Crankshaft Sizes precision, surface roughness, heat treatment and surface peening, dynamic balancing etc.Under the condition of producing in enormous quantities, traditional handicraft can not meet current design and Production requirement, long-time, run up under, the as easy as rolling off a log too early appearance of bent axle was lost efficacy or fracture, had a strong impact on life-span and the whole aircraft reliability of bent axle.
Summary of the invention
The object of this invention is to provide a kind of forging method of automobile engine crankshaft, make it be beneficial to large batch of industrialized production, and the phenomenon that has reduced appearance folder dirt in forging process, has been not fully filled, the mechanical property of product is further improved, save product materials, improved the die life of product.
Technical scheme of the present invention is as follows:
A forging method for automobile engine crankshaft, comprises the following steps:
A, cast steel ingot
In steel ingot, chemical component weight percentage is: 0.556%≤C≤0.676%, 2.25%≤Si≤3.40%, 0.20%≤Mn≤0.80%, 0.080%≤P≤0.100%, 0.015%≤S≤0.040%, 2.50%≤Cr≤3.50%, trace≤Ti≤0.0018%,, trace≤Zn≤0.0015%, surplus is iron and inevitable impurity; The steel ingot temperature of moulding by casting is down to 360 ℃, then is heated to 670-760 ℃, insulation 3-5 hour, and stove is chilled to 300 ℃, be incubated 3 hours, then is heated to 650-700 ℃, is incubated 6-8 hour, is cooled to 400 ℃ with 30 ℃/h, then with 20 ℃/h, is cooled to normal temperature;
B, forging step
1) steel ingot of, selecting Forging Technology to pour into a mould;
2) the press-bending impression of, the blank of having cleared up being put into hammer forging die bends, bang one hammer, then overturn 270 °, blank is put into the terminal section impression of hammer forging die, the temperature of press-bending is controlled at 1200 ℃～1280 ℃, blank is placed in the finish impression of hammer forging die, 1st, 2,3 hammers touch, the 4th, 5 hammer bangs, and then forging is made in bang, in finish-forging, continuously by the oxide skin in compressed air cleaning finish impression, the temperature of finish-forging stage forging is greater than 850 ℃;
3), use edger forging is carried out to trimming, hot trimming temperature remains on 750-850 ℃, after trimming, forging is piled up on special bin;
C, heat treatment
Bent axle after step b forges is heated to 980 ℃ and be incubated 1-2h, and oil cooling is to higher than reheating after 100 ℃ to the temperature range of 680 ℃-750 ℃ and being incubated 1-3h, water-cooled afterwards; After temper, again the head of bent axle is heated to 300-380 ℃, insulation 4-5 hour, then the cooling processing of spraying, the afterbody of bent axle is at 900-1050 ℃, insulation 6-8 hour, then air cooling, last bent axle middle part heat again to temperature be 120～180 ℃, insulation 2-3 hour, puts into iron case cooling in heap.
The steel ingot temperature of moulding by casting is down to 360 ℃, then is heated to 700 ℃, is incubated 4 hours, and stove is chilled to 300 ℃, is incubated 3 hours, then is heated to 680 ℃, is incubated 7 hours, is cooled to 400 ℃ with 30 ℃/h, then with 20 ℃/h, is cooled to normal temperature.
The present invention passes through technique scheme, overall structure is scientific and reasonable, when use, only need be by the bent axle of different model, according to length, owing to thering is the adaptability of adjustable different model, when production, only need once spindle nose be heated to technique temperature required, just can one-shot forming, thus, the traditional handicraft trouble that has reduced heating for multiple times and repeatedly forge, the corresponding energy consumption that reduced, having reduced material consumption and cost drops into, machining accuracy improves greatly, compared with prior art stock utilization is brought up to more than 90% by present 65%, power consumption reduces by 70% left and right, recruitment reduces 3/4ths, a machine tool two people operate the malleable workpiece of split run more than 550, improve 4 times of left and right of work efficiency, the good effect highly significant producing.
It is as follows that mechanical property of the present invention detects data:
Tensile strength sigma b (MPa): >=1024
Yield strength σ s (MPa): >=935
Percentage elongation δ 5 (%): >=13
Contraction percentage of area ψ (%): >=56
Impact energy Ak v (J): >=65
Notched bar impact strength α kv (J/cm2): >=78 (8)
Hardness :≤223HB.
The specific embodiment
A forging method for automobile engine crankshaft, comprises the following steps:
A, cast steel ingot
In steel ingot, chemical component weight percentage is: 0.556%≤C≤0.676%, 2.25%≤Si≤3.40%, 0.20%≤Mn≤0.80%, 0.080%≤P≤0.100%, 0.015%≤S≤0.040%, 2.50%≤Cr≤3.50%, trace≤Ti≤0.0018%,, trace≤Zn≤0.0015%, surplus is iron and inevitable impurity; The steel ingot temperature of moulding by casting is down to 360 ℃, then is heated to 670-760 ℃, insulation 3-5 hour, and stove is chilled to 300 ℃, be incubated 3 hours, then is heated to 650-700 ℃, is incubated 6-8 hour, is cooled to 400 ℃ with 30 ℃/h, then with 20 ℃/h, is cooled to normal temperature;
B, forging step
1) steel ingot of, selecting Forging Technology to pour into a mould;
2) the press-bending impression of, the blank of having cleared up being put into hammer forging die bends, bang one hammer, then overturn 270 °, blank is put into the terminal section impression of hammer forging die, the temperature of press-bending is controlled at 1200 ℃～1280 ℃, blank is placed in the finish impression of hammer forging die, 1st, 2,3 hammers touch, the 4th, 5 hammer bangs, and then forging is made in bang, in finish-forging, continuously by the oxide skin in compressed air cleaning finish impression, the temperature of finish-forging stage forging is greater than 850 ℃;
3), use edger forging is carried out to trimming, hot trimming temperature remains on 750-850 ℃, after trimming, forging is piled up on special bin;
C, heat treatment
Bent axle after step b forges is heated to 980 ℃ and be incubated 1-2h, and oil cooling is to higher than reheating after 100 ℃ to the temperature range of 680 ℃-750 ℃ and being incubated 1-3h, water-cooled afterwards; After temper, again the head of bent axle is heated to 300-380 ℃, insulation 4-5 hour, then the cooling processing of spraying, the afterbody of bent axle is at 900-1050 ℃, insulation 6-8 hour, then air cooling, last bent axle middle part heat again to temperature be 120～180 ℃, insulation 2-3 hour, puts into iron case cooling in heap.
The steel ingot temperature of moulding by casting is down to 360 ℃, then is heated to 700 ℃, is incubated 4 hours, and stove is chilled to 300 ℃, is incubated 3 hours, then is heated to 680 ℃, is incubated 7 hours, is cooled to 400 ℃ with 30 ℃/h, then with 20 ℃/h, is cooled to normal temperature.
Claims (2)
1. a forging method for automobile engine crankshaft, is characterized in that, comprises the following steps:
A, cast steel ingot
In steel ingot, chemical component weight percentage is: 0.556%≤C≤0.676%, 2.25%≤Si≤3.40%, 0.20%≤Mn≤0.80%, 0.080%≤P≤0.100%, 0.015%≤S≤0.040%, 2.50%≤Cr≤3.50%, trace≤Ti≤0.0018%,, trace≤Zn≤0.0015%, surplus is iron and inevitable impurity; The steel ingot temperature of moulding by casting is down to 360 ℃, then is heated to 670-760 ℃, insulation 3-5 hour, and stove is chilled to 300 ℃, be incubated 3 hours, then is heated to 650-700 ℃, is incubated 6-8 hour, is cooled to 400 ℃ with 30 ℃/h, then with 20 ℃/h, is cooled to normal temperature;
B, forging step
1) steel ingot of, selecting Forging Technology to pour into a mould;
2) the press-bending impression of, the blank of having cleared up being put into hammer forging die bends, bang one hammer, then overturn 270 °, blank is put into the terminal section impression of hammer forging die, the temperature of press-bending is controlled at 1200 ℃～1280 ℃, blank is placed in the finish impression of hammer forging die, 1st, 2,3 hammers touch, the 4th, 5 hammer bangs, and then forging is made in bang, in finish-forging, continuously by the oxide skin in compressed air cleaning finish impression, the temperature of finish-forging stage forging is greater than 850 ℃;
3), use edger forging is carried out to trimming, hot trimming temperature remains on 750-850 ℃, after trimming, forging is piled up on special bin;
C, heat treatment
Bent axle after step b forges is heated to 980 ℃ and be incubated 1-2h, and oil cooling is to higher than reheating after 100 ℃ to the temperature range of 680 ℃-750 ℃ and being incubated 1-3h, water-cooled afterwards; After temper, again the head of bent axle is heated to 300-380 ℃, insulation 4-5 hour, then the cooling processing of spraying, the afterbody of bent axle is at 900-1050 ℃, insulation 6-8 hour, then air cooling, last bent axle middle part heat again to temperature be 120～180 ℃, insulation 2-3 hour, puts into iron case cooling in heap.
2. the forging method of automobile engine crankshaft according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, the steel ingot temperature of moulding by casting is down to 360 ℃, then is heated to 700 ℃, be incubated 4 hours, stove is chilled to 300 ℃, is incubated 3 hours, then is heated to 680 ℃, be incubated 7 hours, be cooled to 400 ℃ with 30 ℃/h, then with 20 ℃/h, be cooled to normal temperature.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201410047538.8A CN103846635A (en) | 2014-02-11 | 2014-02-11 | Forging method for automotive engine crankshaft |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201410047538.8A CN103846635A (en) | 2014-02-11 | 2014-02-11 | Forging method for automotive engine crankshaft |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN103846635A true CN103846635A (en) | 2014-06-11 |
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| CN201410047538.8A Pending CN103846635A (en) | 2014-02-11 | 2014-02-11 | Forging method for automotive engine crankshaft |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106111875A (en) * | 2016-06-20 | 2016-11-16 | 安徽省瑞杰锻造有限责任公司 | A kind of Forging Technology of bent axle |
| CN107498191A (en) * | 2017-09-29 | 2017-12-22 | 中车戚墅堰机车车辆工艺研究所有限公司 | Fixture and forging part overlap processing method |
| CN109385510A (en) * | 2018-10-20 | 2019-02-26 | 江苏铸鸿锻造有限公司 | A kind of Cr-Ni-Mo crack-sensitivity steel major diameter forging circle casting skin hardening and tempering process |
Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2001219239A (en) * | 2000-02-10 | 2001-08-14 | Sumitomo Metal Ind Ltd | Method and die for forging crank shaft |
| RU2247623C2 (en) * | 2002-12-24 | 2005-03-10 | Воронежская ЗАО по выпуску тяжелых механических прессов | Crank shaft forming method |
| CN101722406A (en) * | 2009-12-31 | 2010-06-09 | 上海新闵重型锻造有限公司 | Method for manufacturing pin shaft through forging |
| CN102989942A (en) * | 2012-08-22 | 2013-03-27 | 昌利锻造有限公司 | Forging method of single-throw crank shaft |
| CN103042144A (en) * | 2012-09-11 | 2013-04-17 | 昌利锻造有限公司 | Method for forging automobile engine crankshaft |
-
2014
- 2014-02-11 CN CN201410047538.8A patent/CN103846635A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2001219239A (en) * | 2000-02-10 | 2001-08-14 | Sumitomo Metal Ind Ltd | Method and die for forging crank shaft |
| RU2247623C2 (en) * | 2002-12-24 | 2005-03-10 | Воронежская ЗАО по выпуску тяжелых механических прессов | Crank shaft forming method |
| CN101722406A (en) * | 2009-12-31 | 2010-06-09 | 上海新闵重型锻造有限公司 | Method for manufacturing pin shaft through forging |
| CN102989942A (en) * | 2012-08-22 | 2013-03-27 | 昌利锻造有限公司 | Forging method of single-throw crank shaft |
| CN103042144A (en) * | 2012-09-11 | 2013-04-17 | 昌利锻造有限公司 | Method for forging automobile engine crankshaft |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106111875A (en) * | 2016-06-20 | 2016-11-16 | 安徽省瑞杰锻造有限责任公司 | A kind of Forging Technology of bent axle |
| CN107498191A (en) * | 2017-09-29 | 2017-12-22 | 中车戚墅堰机车车辆工艺研究所有限公司 | Fixture and forging part overlap processing method |
| CN109385510A (en) * | 2018-10-20 | 2019-02-26 | 江苏铸鸿锻造有限公司 | A kind of Cr-Ni-Mo crack-sensitivity steel major diameter forging circle casting skin hardening and tempering process |
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Application publication date: 20140611 |
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