CN107868957B - Magnetic field synchronous coupling module for laser cladding - Google Patents
Magnetic field synchronous coupling module for laser cladding Download PDFInfo
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- CN107868957B CN107868957B CN201711245978.4A CN201711245978A CN107868957B CN 107868957 B CN107868957 B CN 107868957B CN 201711245978 A CN201711245978 A CN 201711245978A CN 107868957 B CN107868957 B CN 107868957B
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- 230000001360 synchronised effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 28
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 26
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 26
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 26
- 238000004372 laser cladding Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 22
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical group [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 130
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- PMVSDNDAUGGCCE-TYYBGVCCSA-L Ferrous fumarate Chemical group [Fe+2].[O-]C(=O)\C=C\C([O-])=O PMVSDNDAUGGCCE-TYYBGVCCSA-L 0.000 claims description 3
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 38
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 38
- 230000005684 electric field Effects 0.000 description 19
- 230000005672 electromagnetic field Effects 0.000 description 8
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000010008 shearing Methods 0.000 description 7
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000007781 pre-processing Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000033228 biological regulation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005253 cladding Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000006698 induction Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000017525 heat dissipation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 241001251371 Betula chinensis Species 0.000 description 1
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000498 cooling water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010445 mica Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052618 mica group Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C24/00—Coating starting from inorganic powder
- C23C24/08—Coating starting from inorganic powder by application of heat or pressure and heat
- C23C24/10—Coating starting from inorganic powder by application of heat or pressure and heat with intermediate formation of a liquid phase in the layer
Abstract
The utility model provides a synchronous coupling module of magnetic field for laser cladding, including laser head and magnetic field portion, magnetic field portion includes two along the radial magnetic field generation module that sets up both sides around the output tube respectively of output tube, magnetic field generation module includes the decurrent U-shaped iron core of opening, and the both ends of U-shaped iron core correspond respectively and run through a set of coil portion, and two U-shaped iron cores are located the one end of same one side and all link to each other with an iron core head, and two U-shaped iron cores are located the one end of opposite side and all link to each other with another iron core head, and two iron core heads are with the axial symmetry of output tube. The invention adopts four groups of coil parts of annular circumference, and realizes continuous adjustment of the magnetic field size by matching with an external magnetic field power supply, and the size meets the use requirement; the design of the tip part of the iron core head improves the magnetic field intensity and linearity of the processing surface.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a magnetic field synchronous coupling module for laser cladding.
Background
In the laser processing process, the regulation and control means of the electromagnetic composite field are added, so that the regulation and control effect of the traditional regulation and control process can be effectively improved by controlling the magnitude and the direction of the Lorentz force, and the performance is improved. Particularly for large industrial parts, synchronous coupling of an electric-magnetic composite field is difficult to realize in the laser processing process, and the application of the technology in the actual production process is limited.
The invention discloses a static magnetic field-laser coaxial composite cladding method and a device thereof, wherein a magnetic field generating device is integrated on a laser head to realize synchronous movement of a magnetic field, but only synchronous coupling of a steady magnetic field is realized, the improvement effect on a molten pool is limited, and the magnetic field strength is limited, so that the actual processing requirement cannot be met.
The Chinese patent with the patent application number 201611014732.1 issued to Zhejiang university of industry, yao Jianhua et al discloses an electro-magnetic composite field collaborative laser cladding device with permanent magnet for magnetic supply, which comprises a laser cladding part, a bracket part, an electric field part and a magnetic field part. The magnetic field is supplied by the permanent magnet, the sample is clamped on the bracket, the angle and the position can be adjusted to match the angle of the sample, but the angle and the position have strict requirements on the appearance of the sample, the mica insulating layer can fail due to high temperature, the size of the magnetic field is limited, and the use condition is limited.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects in the background technology, the invention provides a magnetic field synchronous coupling module for laser cladding.
The technical scheme for solving the problems is as follows:
the magnetic field synchronous coupling module for laser cladding comprises a laser head and a magnetic field part;
an input pipe used for being connected with the laser is arranged above the laser head, the input pipe vertically extends upwards, and an output pipe vertically extends downwards is arranged below the laser head;
the magnetic field part comprises two magnetic field generating modules which are respectively arranged at the front side and the rear side of the output pipe along the radial direction of the output pipe, the magnetic field generating modules comprise U-shaped iron cores with downward openings, and two ends of each U-shaped iron core respectively penetrate through a group of coil parts correspondingly; the coil part comprises an electromagnetic coil, a coil framework made of a non-magnetic conductive material and a shell made of the non-magnetic conductive material, and the shell is arranged outside the coil framework and the electromagnetic coil; the coil framework comprises a hollow center column and baffle plates sleeved at two ends of the center column, and the electromagnetic coil is wound on the center column and positioned between the two baffle plates on the center column; the two ends of the central column are communicated, and one end of the U-shaped iron core penetrates through the central column;
one end of the two U-shaped iron cores, which are positioned on the same side, is connected with one iron core head, one end of the two U-shaped iron cores, which are positioned on the other side, is connected with the other iron core head, and the two iron core heads are axially symmetrical relative to the output pipe;
the iron core head comprises an iron core head body extending along the radial direction of the output pipe, and the central axis of the iron core head body is perpendicular to the central axis of the output pipe; the outer end of the iron core head body is provided with a connecting block which is used for being detachably connected with the two U-shaped iron cores, the inner end of the iron core head body is provided with a pointed part which points to an extension line of the central axis of the output pipe, and the iron core heads respectively positioned at two sides of a to-be-processed area of a part to be processed are positioned below the output pipe;
defining an intersection point of a connecting line of the central axes of the two iron core heads and an extension line of the central axis of the output pipe as a coordinate origin, taking a straight line passing through the coordinate origin and coinciding with the central axis of the output pipe as a z-axis, taking the connecting line of the central axes of the two iron core heads as an x-axis, and taking a direction which passes through the coordinate origin and is vertical to the z-axis and the x-axis as a y-axis; and define along x axis direction as the fore-and-aft direction, along y axis direction as the left-right direction, along z axis direction as the upper and lower direction, the end that is close to the output tube that is located in the middle is the inner, and the end that keeps away from the output tube is the outer, then: the two groups of magnetic field generating modules are axisymmetric about the x-axis, the included angle between the two U-shaped iron cores is theta, and theta is more than 0 and less than 180 degrees;
the electromagnetic coils of the coil parts are identical in material and turns, the two ends of each electromagnetic coil are respectively provided with a connecting end for being connected with a magnetic field power supply, the two ends of each electromagnetic coil are respectively connected with the magnetic field power supply, and the electromagnetic coils are mutually connected in parallel; the magnetic fields of the two electromagnetic coils positioned on the same U-shaped iron core are opposite in direction and the magnetic field strength is the same; the magnetic field directions and the magnetic field strengths of two electromagnetic coils which are symmetrical about the x axis on different U-shaped iron cores are the same;
the shell is provided with a cooling part for cooling the electromagnetic coil;
the magnetic field part is fixedly erected around the laser head through a supporting structure; the support structure comprises an L-shaped total support frame, the total support frame comprises a vertical plate and a horizontal plate, the lower end of the vertical plate is fixedly connected with the inner end of the horizontal plate, and the upper end of the vertical plate is fixed on the side surface of the lower fixing plate;
the supporting structure further comprises a coil supporting frame used for fixing the coil part, the coil supporting frame comprises 4 supporting plates for supporting the coil part one by one, a first through hole for one end of a U-shaped iron core to penetrate through is formed in the middle of each supporting plate, one end of the U-shaped iron core penetrates through the first through hole and is connected with the iron core head, and the inner side of each supporting plate is fixed on the horizontal plate through a connecting plate; and the shell is fixedly connected with the supporting plate and the connecting plate.
Further, the shell is in a rectangular frame shape, a second through hole and a third through hole for allowing one end of the U-shaped iron core to penetrate are formed in the top surface and the bottom surface of the rectangular frame, the cooling part comprises an inner air flow channel arranged on the side surface of the rectangular frame, and the inner air flow channel extends from the top surface to the bottom surface of the rectangular frame along the central axis direction of the electromagnetic coil; the air inlet of the inner air flow channel is arranged on the top surface of the rectangular frame and is communicated with a high-pressure air source; a plurality of air outlets which are arranged in a row are arranged on one side of the inner air flow passage facing the electromagnetic coil at intervals.
Further, the two electromagnetic coils on the same U-shaped iron core have opposite magnetic field directions and same magnetic field intensity, and the specific implementation structures of the two electromagnetic coils on different U-shaped iron cores, which are symmetrical about the x axis, have the same magnetic field directions and magnetic field intensity are as follows: each electromagnetic coil is provided with an upper wiring end positioned above and a lower wiring end positioned below, the upper wiring end of each electromagnetic coil is connected with the positive electrode of the magnetic field power supply, and the lower wiring end of each electromagnetic coil is connected with the negative electrode of the magnetic field power supply; and the winding directions of the two electromagnetic coils on the same U-shaped iron core on the central column are opposite, and the winding directions of the two electromagnetic coils on different U-shaped iron cores, which are symmetrical about the x axis, on the central column are the same.
Or, the two electromagnetic coils on the same U-shaped iron core have opposite magnetic field directions and same magnetic field intensity, and the specific implementation structures of the two electromagnetic coils on different U-shaped iron cores, which are symmetrical about the x axis, have the same magnetic field direction and magnetic field intensity are as follows: each electromagnetic coil is provided with an upper wiring end positioned above and a lower wiring end positioned below, the upper wiring ends of the two electromagnetic coils positioned on the same U-shaped iron core are respectively connected with different poles of the magnetic field power supply, and the lower wiring ends of the two electromagnetic coils positioned on the same U-shaped iron core are respectively connected with different poles of the magnetic field power supply; the upper wiring ends of the two electromagnetic coils which are symmetrical about the x-axis on the different U-shaped iron cores are respectively connected with the same pole of the magnetic field power supply, and the lower wiring ends of the two electromagnetic coils which are symmetrical about the x-axis on the different U-shaped iron cores are respectively connected with the same pole of the magnetic field power supply.
The magnetic field junction box is fixed on the side support frame, the side support frame is a trapezoid plate, the left side and the right side of the side support frame are respectively fixed on connecting plates at the two sides, and the inner surface of the side support frame is fixed on a vertical plate of the total support frame through the side connecting plates; the magnetic field junction box is provided with two wiring ports which are respectively used for being connected with two poles of a magnetic field power supply, and the electromagnetic coil is respectively connected with the two poles of the magnetic field power supply through the wiring ports.
Further, the U-shaped iron core with the first mortise and tenon of iron core is connected, be equipped with the tongue-and-groove on the connecting block, the end of U-shaped iron core be with tongue-and-groove matched with tenon.
Further, the magnetic field power supply is a direct current power supply.
Further, the tip part is in a quadrangular pyramid shape, the big end of the quadrangular pyramid is connected with the iron core head body, and the small end of the quadrangular pyramid points to the output pipe; and the lower surface of the tip part is flush with the lower surface of the iron core head body.
The beneficial effects of the invention are mainly shown in the following steps:
1. the invention adopts four groups of coil parts of annular circumference, and realizes continuous adjustment of the magnetic field size by matching with an external magnetic field power supply, and the size meets the use requirement.
2. The shell is provided with a cooling part for cooling the electromagnetic coil, and high-pressure air is introduced into the inner air flow passage for air cooling so as to reduce the temperature rise of the electromagnetic coil.
3. The design of the tip part of the iron core head changes the magnetic field distribution, so that the magnetic field intensity is normally distributed along the z-axis, and compared with the magnetic field generated by the iron core head without the tip design (shown in figure 11), the magnetic field can wholly move downwards along the z-axis (shown in figure 12), so that the magnetic field intensity and the linearity of the processed surface are improved.
4. The magnetic field part is fixedly erected around the laser head through the supporting structure, and the L-shaped coil supporting frame is connected with the inverted V-shaped supporting plate, so that the synchronous follow-up coupling of the electric field and the magnetic field can be ensured in actual use, and a stable electric-magnetic composite field is formed in a processing area so as to meet the requirement of repairing a working site.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is an isometric view of an electromagnetic field synchronous coupling module;
FIG. 2 is a front view of an electromagnetic field synchronous coupling module;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a laser cladding apparatus constructed using the present invention in field use;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the structure of the magnetic field section;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of an electric field generating module;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the assembly of a support structure
FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram illustrating the assembly of a carbon brush set and a carbon brush set fixture;
fig. 8 is an enlarged schematic view of the core print;
FIG. 9 is an isometric view of a housing;
FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view of the internal structure of the housing;
FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram showing the distribution of magnetic induction lines in a use state when the core head is not provided with a tip portion;
FIG. 12 is a schematic diagram of the distribution of magnetic induction lines at the tip of a laser cladding apparatus constructed using the present invention in use.
Detailed Description
Example 1
Referring to fig. 1 to 10, a magnetic field synchronous coupling module for laser cladding comprises a laser head 1 and a magnetic field part;
an input pipe 101 for connecting with a laser is arranged above the laser head 1, the input pipe 101 extends vertically upwards, and an output pipe 102 extending vertically downwards is arranged below the laser head 1;
the magnetic field part comprises two magnetic field generating modules which are respectively arranged at the front side and the rear side of the output pipe 102 along the radial direction of the output pipe 102, the magnetic field generating modules comprise U-shaped iron cores 505 with downward openings, and two ends of the U-shaped iron cores 505 respectively penetrate through a group of coil parts correspondingly; the coil part comprises an electromagnetic coil 501, a coil framework 502 made of a non-magnetic conductive material and a shell 504 made of a non-magnetic conductive material, wherein the shell is arranged outside the coil framework 502 and the electromagnetic coil 501, and a heat dissipation window for dissipating heat of the electromagnetic coil 501 is formed in the shell 504; the coil skeleton 502 comprises a hollow center column and baffle plates sleeved at two ends of the center column, and the electromagnetic coil 501 is wound on the center column and positioned between the two baffle plates on the center column; the two ends of the central column are communicated, and one end of the U-shaped iron core 505 penetrates through the central column;
one end of each of the two U-shaped iron cores 505 on the same side is connected with one iron core head 503, one end of each of the two U-shaped iron cores 505 on the other side is connected with the other iron core head 503, the two iron core heads 503 are axially symmetrical relative to the output pipe 102, and the material structure, the size, the shape and the like of the two iron core heads 503 are identical.
The core head 503 includes a core head body 5031 extending along a radial direction of the output pipe 102, and a central axis of the core head body 5031 is perpendicular to a central axis of the output pipe 102; the outer end of the iron core head body 5031 is provided with a connecting block 5032 for detachably connecting the two U-shaped iron cores 505, the inner end of the iron core head body 5031 is provided with a pointed part 5033 pointing to an extension line of the central axis of the output pipe 102, and iron core heads 503 respectively positioned at two sides of a to-be-processed area of the to-be-processed part 7 are positioned below the output pipe 102;
defining an intersection point of a connecting line of central axes of the two iron core heads 503 and an extension line of the central axis of the output pipe as a coordinate origin, a straight line passing through the coordinate origin and coinciding with the central axis of the output pipe 102 as a z axis, a connecting line of the central axes of the two iron core heads 503 as an x axis, and a direction passing through the coordinate origin and being perpendicular to the z axis and the x axis as a y axis; and define along x axis direction as the fore-and-aft direction, along y axis direction as the left-right direction, along z axis direction as the upper and lower direction, the end that is close to the output tube that is located in the middle is the inner, and the end that keeps away from the output tube is the outer, then: the two groups of magnetic field generating modules are axisymmetric about the x-axis, the included angle between the two U-shaped iron cores 505 is theta, and 0 < theta < 180 degrees;
the electromagnetic coils 501 of each coil part are made of the same material and have the same number of turns, the two ends of each electromagnetic coil 501 are respectively provided with a connecting end for connecting with a magnetic field power supply, the two ends of each electromagnetic coil 501 are respectively connected with the magnetic field power supply, and the electromagnetic coils 501 are mutually connected in parallel; the magnetic fields of the two electromagnetic coils 501 positioned on the same U-shaped iron core 505 are opposite in direction and the magnetic field strength is the same; the magnetic field directions and the magnetic field strengths of the two electromagnetic coils 501 symmetrical about the x-axis on different U-shaped iron cores 505 are the same;
the housing 504 is further provided with a cooling portion for cooling the electromagnetic coil 501.
The magnetic field part is fixedly erected around the laser head 1 through a supporting structure; the support structure comprises an L-shaped total support frame 301, the total support frame 301 comprises a vertical plate and a horizontal plate, the lower end of the vertical plate is fixedly connected with the inner end of the horizontal plate, and the upper end of the vertical plate is fixed on the side surface of the lower fixing plate;
the supporting structure further comprises a coil supporting frame 305 for fixing the coil part, the coil supporting frame 305 comprises 4 supporting plates for supporting the coil part one by one, a first through hole for allowing one end of the U-shaped iron core 505 to penetrate is formed in the middle of each supporting plate, one end of the U-shaped iron core 505 penetrates through the first through hole and is connected with the iron core head 503, and the inner sides of the supporting plates are fixed on the horizontal plate through connecting plates; and the shell 504 is fixedly connected with the supporting plate and the connecting plate.
The invention discloses a flexible self-adaptive composite carbon brush type electro-magnetic composite field synchronous laser cladding device, which comprises an electromagnetic field synchronous coupling module 6 for processing a part 7 to be processed, a mechanical arm 8 for driving the electromagnetic field synchronous coupling module 6 to move and a laser for generating laser, wherein the electromagnetic field synchronous coupling module 6 is arranged on the surface of the part 7 to be processed; the cladding device also comprises a water cooler for ensuring the temperature of cooling water of the laser head, a powder feeder for feeding powder to the laser head, an air compressor for providing compressed air for the cladding device, and the like.
The electromagnetic field synchronous coupling module 6 comprises a laser head 1, an electric field part and the magnetic field part;
the laser head 1 is connected with the mechanical arm 8 through a fixing frame, the fixing frame comprises an upper fixing plate 204 and a lower fixing plate 202 which are opposite up and down, and the upper fixing plate 204 and the lower fixing plate 202 are horizontally paved; the input pipe 101 of the laser head 1 penetrates through the upper fixing plate 204 upwards and is connected with the laser, the output pipe 102 of the laser head 1 penetrates through the lower fixing plate 202 vertically downwards, and the lower end outlet of the output pipe 102 is positioned above the part 7 to be processed;
the electric field part comprises two groups of electric field generating modules which are oppositely arranged at the left side and the right side of the output pipe 102 along the y-axis direction, and the two groups of electric field generating modules are symmetrical about the z-axis; the electric field generating module comprises a carbon brush group 406 and a scissor lifting platform capable of driving the carbon brush group 406 to move along the y-axis direction and the z-axis direction; the scissor lifting platform is provided with a clamp 407 for fixing the carbon brush group 406, and the carbon brush group 406 is connected with a connector 405 for communicating with an electric field power supply;
the shear fork lifting platform comprises a top plate 401 and a bottom plate 408 which are arranged at intervals up and down, and the top plate 401 and the bottom plate 408 are perpendicular to the z axis; the front side and the rear side on the upper surface of the bottom plate 408 are oppositely provided with first side plates, the inner ends of the first side plates are provided with first sliding grooves 4081 extending along the y-axis direction, two ends of the first sliding rods are slidably arranged in the first sliding grooves 4081 on the two sides, and the first sliding rods extend along the x-axis direction; two ends of the first rotating shaft 404 are respectively rotatably arranged on the outer ends of the two first side plates, and the first rotating shaft 404 extends along the x-axis direction; the front side and the rear side of the lower surface of the top plate 401 are oppositely provided with second side plates, the outer ends of the second side plates are provided with second sliding grooves 4011 extending along the y-axis direction, and two ends of the second sliding rods are slidably arranged in the second sliding grooves 4011 on the two sides; two ends of the second rotating shaft are respectively and rotatably arranged on the inner ends of the two second side plates, and the second rotating shaft extends along the x-axis direction;
a third rotating shaft 402 and a fourth rotating shaft 403 which extend along the x-axis direction are also arranged between the top plate 401 and the bottom plate 408, and the third rotating shaft 402 and the fourth rotating shaft 403 are positioned on the same xoy plane; the third rotating shaft 402 and the fourth rotating shaft 403 are connected through an adjusting screw 410, the inner end of the adjusting screw 410 penetrates through the third rotating shaft 402 and the fourth rotating shaft 403 along the y-axis direction, the adjusting screw 410 is in threaded connection with the third rotating shaft 402 and the fourth rotating shaft 403, and the outer end of the adjusting screw 410 is provided with an adjusting head 4101;
the scissor lifting platform further comprises a scissor arm 409, wherein the scissor arm 409 comprises two connecting rods hinged in the middle, and the two ends of the two connecting rods respectively form the connecting ends of the scissor arm 409; the two ends of the first rotating shaft, the first sliding rod, the third rotating shaft 402 and the fourth rotating shaft 403 are respectively and rotatably connected with the connecting ends of the shearing arms 409 positioned on the same side (the two ends of the first rotating shaft, the first sliding rod, the third rotating shaft 402 and the fourth rotating shaft 403 are respectively connected through one shearing arm 409, and the four connecting ends of the shearing arms are respectively and rotatably arranged on one end of the first rotating shaft, the first sliding rod, the third rotating shaft and the fourth rotating shaft positioned on the same side); the two ends of the second rotating shaft, the second sliding rod, the third rotating shaft and the fourth rotating shaft are respectively and rotatably connected with the connecting end of the other shearing arm 409 positioned on the same side (the two ends of the second rotating shaft, the second sliding rod, the third rotating shaft and the fourth rotating shaft are respectively connected through one shearing arm 409, and the four connecting ends of the shearing arm are respectively and rotatably arranged on one end of the shearing arm 409 positioned on the same side of the second rotating shaft, the second sliding rod, the third rotating shaft and the fourth rotating shaft).
The lower surface of the clamp 407 is provided with a groove, a spring 411 which can extend along the z-axis direction is arranged in the groove, the upper end of the spring 411 is fixed in the groove, the carbon brush group 406 comprises a plurality of carbon brushes, the upper ends of the carbon brushes extend into the groove and are connected with the lower end of the spring 411, and the lower surface of the carbon brush 406 is positioned below the output pipe 102;
the magnetic field part and the electric field part are fixedly erected around the laser head 1 through a supporting structure; the support structure comprises an L-shaped total support frame 301, the total support frame 301 comprises a vertical plate and a horizontal plate, the lower end of the vertical plate is fixedly connected with the inner end of the horizontal plate, and the upper end of the vertical plate is fixed on the side surface of the lower fixing plate;
the supporting structure further comprises a coil supporting frame 305 for fixing the coil part, the coil supporting frame 305 comprises 4 supporting plates for supporting the coil part one by one, a first through hole for allowing one end of the U-shaped iron core 505 to penetrate is formed in the middle of each supporting plate, one end of the U-shaped iron core 505 penetrates through the first through hole and is connected with the iron core head 503, and the inner sides of the supporting plates are fixed on the horizontal plate through connecting plates; and the shell 504 is fixedly connected with the supporting plate and the connecting plate;
the top plate 401 of the electric field portion is fixed to the lower surface of the horizontal plate by bolts and nuts.
Further, the housing 504 is in a rectangular frame shape, openings on two sides of the rectangular frame form the heat dissipation window, a second through hole 5043 and a third through hole 5044 for passing through one end of the U-shaped iron core 505 are formed on the top surface and the bottom surface of the rectangular frame, the cooling part comprises an inner air flow channel 5042 arranged on the side surface of the rectangular frame, and the inner air flow channel 5042 extends from the top surface to the bottom surface of the rectangular frame along the central axis direction of the electromagnetic coil; an air inlet of the inner air flow channel 5042 is arranged on the top surface of the rectangular frame and is communicated with a high-pressure air source; a plurality of air outlets 5041 are arranged on the side of the inner air flow passage 5042 facing the electromagnetic coil 501 at intervals in a row. Two air outlets are arranged on the side face of each rectangular frame, and the air outlets are obliquely arranged towards the two sides of the side face of the rectangular frame for enlarging the cooling range, as shown in fig. 10.
Further, the specific implementation structures of two electromagnetic coils 501 on the same U-shaped iron core 505, which have opposite magnetic field directions and same magnetic field intensity and are symmetrical about the x-axis, are that: each electromagnetic coil 501 is provided with an upper wiring terminal positioned above and a lower wiring terminal positioned below, the upper wiring terminal of each electromagnetic coil 501 is connected with the positive electrode of the magnetic field power supply, and the lower wiring terminal of each electromagnetic coil 501 is connected with the negative electrode of the magnetic field power supply; and the winding directions of the two electromagnetic coils 501 on the same U-shaped iron core 505 on the center post are opposite, and the winding directions of the two electromagnetic coils 501 on different U-shaped iron cores 505, which are symmetrical about the x-axis, on the center post are the same.
Further, the magnetic field junction box 304 is further included, the magnetic field junction box 304 is fixed on a side support frame 302, the side support frame 302 is a trapezoid plate, the left side and the right side of the side support frame 302 are respectively fixed on connecting plates at two sides, and the inner surface of the side support frame 302 is fixed on a vertical plate of the total support frame 301 through a side connecting plate 308; the magnetic field junction box 304 is provided with two wiring ports 303 which are respectively used for being connected with two poles of a magnetic field power supply, and the electromagnetic coil 501 is respectively connected with the two poles of the magnetic field power supply through the wiring ports 303, and the specific connection structure is as follows:
the wiring ports 303 include a first wiring port and a second wiring port, where the first wiring port is connected to the positive electrode of the power supply, and the second wiring port is connected to the negative electrode of the power supply (or the first wiring port is connected to the positive electrode of the power supply, and the second wiring port is connected to the negative electrode of the power supply, and may be selected according to the specific magnetic field direction).
The upper terminals of two solenoids 501 on the same U-shaped core 505 are connected to the first connection port, respectively, and the lower terminals of two solenoids 501 on the same U-shaped core 505 are connected to the second connection port, respectively. Two electromagnetic coils 501 on different U-shaped cores 505, which are symmetrical about the x-axis, are wired in the same manner as the magnetic field junction box 304.
Further, the carbon brush group 406 includes two carbon brushes that are both rectangular, and the two carbon brushes are symmetrically disposed along the y-axis direction, and the lower surface of the carbon brush is a rounded corner 4061, so that the lower surface of the carbon brush is smooth and can be tightly attached to the outer surface of the part 7 (which is cylindrical) to be processed.
Further, the U-shaped iron core 505 is in mortise-tenon connection with the iron core head 503, a mortise is formed in the connecting block 5032, and the end of the U-shaped iron core is a tenon matched with the mortise.
Further, the connector 405 is a wiring copper plate pad, the wiring copper plate pad is disposed at one end of the fixture 407, and the inner end of the wiring copper plate pad is connected with the carbon brush set 406, and the outer end of the wiring copper plate pad is exposed at the outer end of the fixture 407, so as to be connected with an electric field power supply.
Further, the magnetic field power supply and the electric field power supply are both direct current power supplies.
Further, the tip portion 5033 has a quadrangular pyramid shape, a large end of the quadrangular pyramid 5033 is connected with the core head body 5031, and a small end of the quadrangular pyramid 5033 points to the output pipe 102; and the lower surface of the tip 5033 is flush with the lower surface of the core print body 5031.
The connecting plate is connected with the horizontal plate through a connecting corner fitting 306, a bolt and a nut, one end of the connecting corner fitting 306 is fixed on the inner surface of the connecting plate through the bolt and the nut, and the other end of the connecting corner fitting 306 is fixed on the horizontal plate through the bolt and the nut.
A rib plate 307 is arranged between the vertical plate and the horizontal plate of the L-shaped frame body, the rib plate 307 is in a right triangle shape, and two right-angle sides of the rib plate 307 are fixedly connected with the vertical plate and the horizontal plate respectively.
The connecting plate is vertically connected with the supporting plate, the connecting plate and the supporting plate are L-shaped, and the two supporting plates which are symmetrical along the x-axis direction are fixedly connected to form a V shape.
One side of the upper fixing plate 204 and one side of the lower fixing plate 202 are connected through a vertical plate 203 which is vertically arranged, and the vertical plate 203 is connected with the mechanical arm 8 through a flange.
The shell 504 is fixedly connected with the supporting plate and the connecting plate through bolts and nuts, and screw holes are correspondingly formed in the shell 504, the supporting plate and the connecting plate.
The upper fixing plate 204 is detachably connected with the small fixing block 201, and the small fixing block 201 and the upper fixing plate 204 enclose a clamping hole for fastening the input pipe 101.
The magnetic field generating module 5 is composed of an electromagnetic coil 501, an iron core 505 and the like, and the magnetic field part can generate steady-state magnetic fields with different magnetic field intensities by regulating and controlling the voltage of an external magnetic field power supply so as to adapt to different working conditions. The magnetic field is generated by four electromagnetic coils 501, the concentration and enhancement of the magnetic field intensity are realized through two U-shaped iron cores 505, and the two U-shaped iron cores 505 are subjected to convergence treatment to enhance the magnetic field intensity. The core head 503 is structurally designed, compared with the core head body 5031 of the cylindrical section, the tip portion 5033 of the core head is subjected to shaft moving treatment, the original tip portion 5033 of the cube is subjected to upper side round angle cutting, and the tip portion 5033 of the cube is subjected to inclined surface cutting treatment to form a quadrangular cone-shaped tip portion 5033, so that the cross section of the tip portion 5033 is smaller and smaller towards the direction of an output pipe, the magnetic field intensity is enhanced, and magnetic induction lines outside the tip portion 5033 are bent downwards, so that the magnetic field generated by four electromagnetic coils is concentrated on a processing molten pool, and the magnetic field linearity is improved.
Four electromagnetic coils 501 are obliquely and circumferentially arranged outside the output pipe 102, and the structure is compact and stable, and is easy to couple with the laser head 1 so as to realize on-site repair of the processing parts 7. Four rows of internal air flow passages 5042 externally connected with high-pressure air are arranged in the shell 504, and the air is discharged from the air outlet 5041 to the electromagnetic coil 501, so that the electromagnetic coil 501 is blown in real time, the temperature of the electromagnetic coil 501 is reduced, and the operation safety is improved.
The connecting line between the two iron core heads and the movement direction of the laser head 1 form 90 degrees, the protruding characteristic of the rotor shaft surface is well utilized, the magnetic field intensity of a molten pool area is further enhanced, the magnetic field linearity is improved, and the magnetic field moves along with the laser head 1 in real time, so that the magnetic field always acts on the center of the molten pool. The core head 503 further increases the magnetic field strength in the molten pool area through the end shape design. If the north and south poles of the magnetic field need to be changed, only the wiring of the wiring port 303 needs to be changed.
The electric field generating module 4 is composed of a scissor lifting table, a carbon brush group 406 and the like, is externally connected with a direct current electric field power supply, and can realize dynamic self-adaptive contact with the part 7 to be processed, and the carbon brush group 406 and the part 7 to be processed are always kept in contact in the processing process. The scissor lifting platform adopts a quadrilateral structure, and the distance between the third rotating shaft 402 and the fourth rotating shaft can be increased or reduced by rotating the adjusting head 4101 of the adjusting screw 410, so that the carbon brush group 406 can ascend and descend, and the carbon brush group 406 can move along the y-axis direction while sliding along the y-axis direction along with the first sliding rod and the second sliding rod, so that the distance between the two carbon brush groups can be automatically shortened in the process that the carbon brush group 406 descends to the surface of a processed part, and the current utilization rate is improved. After the carbon brush group 406 ascends (the carbon brush group 406 moves along the z-axis direction), the distance between the carbon brush groups 406 on the left side and the right side is also automatically increased (the carbon brush group 406 moves along the y-axis direction), so that a good observation field can be provided for an operator of the device. The carbon brush group 406 is clamped by the clamp 407, the carbon brush group 406 is detachable, and the surface of the carbon brush group 406 is provided with radian so as to adapt to the surface morphology of different parts, and a special carbon brush group can be designed. The spiral spring 411 is welded at the bottom of the groove of each clamp 407, so that the spiral spring can be automatically matched with the machining surface in the machining process, the carbon brush group 406 is always pressed on the surface of a machined part, the self-adaptive contact between the carbon brush group 406 and the part 7 to be machined is realized, and the stability of an electric field is improved.
The bracket 3 consists of a coil supporting frame 305, a total supporting frame 301 and a side supporting frame 302, wherein the total supporting frame 301 is connected with the fixed frame 2, and the fixed frame 2 is fixed with the mechanical arm 8 through a flange. The coil is fixed on the coil support 305, and the coil support 305 matches the coil arrangement by two-step bending into 90 ° and inverted V-shape respectively. The coil support 305 is fixed to the main support 301 by bolting. In addition, the side support frame 302 is connected to the coil support frame 305 and the side connection plate 308, and the side support frame 302 is designed to be trapezoidal to match the coil support frame 305.
The electromagnetic field synchronous coupling module 6 is arranged on the mechanical arm 8 through a flange, so that the field processing of the part to be processed can be realized. The carbon brush group 406 is mounted in the recess of the carbon brush group holder 407 in advance until the coil spring 411 at the bottom is compressed. The iron core of this device divides four parts, and iron core 505 and core head 503 are two each, and two core heads 503 are installed with iron core 505 cooperation before the processing first, guarantee its centering degree.
The laser cladding device is described with a large-diameter rotor shaft as a part to be processed. Before the rotor shaft is subjected to laser processing, the special powder for processing is placed in a drying box at 120 ℃ for drying for 2 hours, and the rotor shaft is subjected to processing pretreatment, namely, the rotor shaft is cleaned by absolute ethyl alcohol and dried for processing.
The laser cladding device can repair a working site, the electromagnetic field synchronous coupling module 6 is arranged on the mechanical arm 8, two external wires of the magnetic field power supply are respectively connected to two wiring ports 303 on the magnetic field junction box 304, and if the magnetic field direction of a processing area needs to be changed, only the wiring directions on the two wiring ports 303 need to be changed. The two poles of the electric field power supply are respectively connected with the two wiring copper base plates 405, and the electric field power supply is provided with a switch.
The application process of the invention is as follows:
as shown, the present invention is positioned in the pre-processing area of the part 7 to be processed, ensuring that: the output pipe of the laser head is positioned right above the pre-processing area, and a gap is reserved between the output pipe and the pre-processing area; the connecting line of the two carbon brush groups 406 is parallel to the central axis direction of the rotor shaft (namely the part 7 to be processed), and the adjusting screw 410 is rotated to start the scissor lifting table to drive the carbon brush groups 406 to move downwards until the lower surface of the carbon brush groups 406 is pressed on the rotor shaft; the two iron core heads are respectively clamped at two sides of the pre-processing area, and the connecting line of the two iron core heads penetrates through the rotor shaft and is perpendicular to the central shaft direction of the rotor shaft.
Then, a magnetic field power supply is turned on, the magnetic field intensity is regulated to a preset value, then a switch of an electric field power supply is turned on, a laser head is started, machining is carried out along with a set program, and electrifying and magnetizing are carried out until the machining is finished.
Example 2
Reference is made to fig. 1-10.
The difference between this embodiment and embodiment 1 is that the specific implementation structure of two electromagnetic coils 501 symmetric about the x-axis on different U-shaped cores 505 is different in that the directions and the strengths of the magnetic fields of the two electromagnetic coils 501 are opposite to each other and the strengths of the magnetic fields are the same in order to implement the two electromagnetic coils 501 located on the same U-shaped core 505.
The two electromagnetic coils 501 positioned on the same U-shaped iron core 505 have opposite magnetic field directions and same magnetic field intensity, and the two electromagnetic coils 501 symmetrical about the x-axis on different U-shaped iron cores 505 have the same specific implementation structure: each electromagnetic coil 501 is provided with an upper wiring terminal positioned above and a lower wiring terminal positioned below, the upper wiring terminals of the two electromagnetic coils 501 positioned on the same U-shaped iron core 505 are respectively connected with different poles (positive poles or negative poles) of a magnetic field power supply, and the lower wiring terminals of the two electromagnetic coils 501 positioned on the same U-shaped iron core 505 are respectively connected with different poles (positive poles or negative poles) of the magnetic field power supply; the upper terminals of the two electromagnetic coils 501 symmetrical about the x-axis on the different U-shaped iron cores 505 are respectively connected to the same pole of the magnetic field power supply, and the lower terminals of the two electromagnetic coils 501 symmetrical about the x-axis on the different U-shaped iron cores 505 are respectively connected to the same pole of the magnetic field power supply.
The wiring ports 303 include a first wiring port and a second wiring port, where the first wiring port is connected to the positive electrode of the power supply, and the second wiring port is connected to the negative electrode of the power supply (or the first wiring port is connected to the positive electrode of the power supply, and the second wiring port is connected to the negative electrode of the power supply, and can be selected according to the specific magnetic field direction needs);
the connection structure after adding the magnetic field junction box 304 is: upper terminals of two electromagnetic coils 501 positioned on the same U-shaped iron core 505 are respectively connected with a first wiring port and a second wiring port, and lower terminals of two electromagnetic coils 501 positioned on the same U-shaped iron core 505 are respectively connected with the second wiring port and the first wiring port; the upper terminal field terminal blocks 304 of two electromagnetic coils 501 symmetrical about the x-axis on different U-shaped cores 505 are wired in the same manner.
This example is identical to the other embodiments of example 1.
The embodiments described in the present specification are merely examples of implementation forms of the inventive concept, and the scope of protection of the present invention should not be construed as being limited to the specific forms set forth in the embodiments, but also equivalent technical means that can be conceived by those skilled in the art according to the inventive concept.
Claims (8)
1. The utility model provides a synchronous coupling module of magnetic field for laser cladding which characterized in that: comprises a laser head and a magnetic field part;
an input pipe used for being connected with the laser is arranged above the laser head, the input pipe vertically extends upwards, and an output pipe vertically extends downwards is arranged below the laser head;
the magnetic field part comprises two magnetic field generating modules which are respectively arranged at the front side and the rear side of the output pipe along the radial direction of the output pipe, the magnetic field generating modules comprise U-shaped iron cores with downward openings, and two ends of each U-shaped iron core respectively penetrate through a group of coil parts correspondingly; the coil part comprises an electromagnetic coil, a coil framework made of a non-magnetic conductive material and a shell made of the non-magnetic conductive material, and the shell is arranged outside the coil framework and the electromagnetic coil; the coil framework comprises a hollow center column and baffle plates sleeved at two ends of the center column, and the electromagnetic coil is wound on the center column and positioned between the two baffle plates on the center column; the two ends of the central column are communicated, and one end of the U-shaped iron core penetrates through the central column;
one end of the two U-shaped iron cores, which are positioned on the same side, is connected with one iron core head, one end of the two U-shaped iron cores, which are positioned on the other side, is connected with the other iron core head, and the two iron core heads are axially symmetrical relative to the output pipe;
the iron core head comprises an iron core head body extending along the radial direction of the output pipe, and the central axis of the iron core head body is perpendicular to the central axis of the output pipe; the outer end of the iron core head body is provided with a connecting block which is used for being detachably connected with the two U-shaped iron cores, the inner end of the iron core head body is provided with a pointed part which points to an extension line of the central axis of the output pipe, and the iron core heads respectively positioned at two sides of a to-be-processed area of a part to be processed are positioned below the output pipe;
defining an intersection point of a connecting line of the central axes of the two iron core heads and an extension line of the central axis of the output pipe as a coordinate origin, taking a straight line passing through the coordinate origin and coinciding with the central axis of the output pipe as a z-axis, taking the connecting line of the central axes of the two iron core heads as an x-axis, and taking a direction which passes through the coordinate origin and is vertical to the z-axis and the x-axis as a y-axis; and define along x axis direction as the fore-and-aft direction, along y axis direction as the left-right direction, along z axis direction as the upper and lower direction, the end that is close to the output tube that is located in the middle is the inner, and the end that keeps away from the output tube is the outer, then: the two groups of magnetic field generating modules are axisymmetric about the x-axis, the included angle between the two U-shaped iron cores is theta, and theta is more than 0 and less than 180 degrees;
the electromagnetic coils of the coil parts are identical in material and turns, the two ends of each electromagnetic coil are respectively provided with a connecting end for being connected with a magnetic field power supply, the two ends of each electromagnetic coil are respectively connected with the magnetic field power supply, and the electromagnetic coils are mutually connected in parallel; the magnetic fields of the two electromagnetic coils positioned on the same U-shaped iron core are opposite in direction and the magnetic field strength is the same; the magnetic field directions and the magnetic field strengths of two electromagnetic coils which are symmetrical about the x axis on different U-shaped iron cores are the same;
the shell is provided with a cooling part for cooling the electromagnetic coil;
the magnetic field part is fixedly erected around the laser head through a supporting structure; the support structure comprises an L-shaped total support frame, the total support frame comprises a vertical plate and a horizontal plate, the lower end of the vertical plate is fixedly connected with the inner end of the horizontal plate, and the upper end of the vertical plate is fixed on the side surface of the lower fixing plate;
the supporting structure further comprises a coil supporting frame used for fixing the coil part, the coil supporting frame comprises 4 supporting plates for supporting the coil part one by one, a first through hole for one end of a U-shaped iron core to penetrate through is formed in the middle of each supporting plate, one end of the U-shaped iron core penetrates through the first through hole and is connected with the iron core head, and the inner side of each supporting plate is fixed on the horizontal plate through a connecting plate; and the shell is fixedly connected with the supporting plate and the connecting plate.
2. The magnetic field synchronous coupling module for laser cladding according to claim 1, wherein: the shell is in a rectangular frame shape, a second through hole and a third through hole for allowing one end of the U-shaped iron core to penetrate are formed in the top surface and the bottom surface of the rectangular frame, the cooling part comprises an inner air flow channel arranged on the side surface of the rectangular frame, and the inner air flow channel extends from the top surface to the bottom surface of the rectangular frame along the central axis direction of the electromagnetic coil; the air inlet of the inner air flow channel is arranged on the top surface of the rectangular frame and is communicated with a high-pressure air source; a plurality of air outlets which are arranged in a row are arranged on one side of the inner air flow passage facing the electromagnetic coil at intervals.
3. The magnetic field synchronous coupling module for laser cladding according to claim 2, wherein: the specific implementation structures of two electromagnetic coils which are positioned on the same U-shaped iron core and symmetrical about the x axis and have the same magnetic field direction and magnetic field strength are as follows: each electromagnetic coil is provided with an upper wiring end positioned above and a lower wiring end positioned below, the upper wiring end of each electromagnetic coil is connected with the positive electrode of the magnetic field power supply, and the lower wiring end of each electromagnetic coil is connected with the negative electrode of the magnetic field power supply; and the winding directions of the two electromagnetic coils on the same U-shaped iron core on the central column are opposite, and the winding directions of the two electromagnetic coils on different U-shaped iron cores, which are symmetrical about the x axis, on the central column are the same.
4. The magnetic field synchronous coupling module for laser cladding according to claim 2, wherein: the specific implementation structures of two electromagnetic coils which are positioned on the same U-shaped iron core and symmetrical about the x axis and have the same magnetic field direction and magnetic field strength are as follows: each electromagnetic coil is provided with an upper wiring end positioned above and a lower wiring end positioned below, the upper wiring ends of the two electromagnetic coils positioned on the same U-shaped iron core are respectively connected with different poles of the magnetic field power supply, and the lower wiring ends of the two electromagnetic coils positioned on the same U-shaped iron core are respectively connected with different poles of the magnetic field power supply; the upper wiring ends of the two electromagnetic coils which are symmetrical about the x-axis on the different U-shaped iron cores are respectively connected with the same pole of the magnetic field power supply, and the lower wiring ends of the two electromagnetic coils which are symmetrical about the x-axis on the different U-shaped iron cores are respectively connected with the same pole of the magnetic field power supply.
5. A magnetic field synchronous coupling module for laser cladding as defined in claim 3 or 4, wherein: the magnetic field junction box is fixed on the side support frame, the side support frame is a trapezoid plate, the left side and the right side of the side support frame are respectively fixed on connecting plates at the two sides, and the inner surface of the side support frame is fixed on a vertical plate of the total support frame through the side connecting plates; the magnetic field junction box is provided with two wiring ports which are respectively used for being connected with two poles of a magnetic field power supply, and the electromagnetic coil is respectively connected with the two poles of the magnetic field power supply through the wiring ports.
6. The magnetic field synchronous coupling module for laser cladding according to claim 5, wherein: the U-shaped iron core with core head mortise-tenon joint is equipped with the tongue-and-groove on the connecting block, the end of U-shaped iron core be with tongue-and-groove matched with tenon.
7. The magnetic field synchronous coupling module for laser cladding according to claim 6, wherein: the magnetic field power supply is a direct current power supply.
8. The magnetic field synchronous coupling module for laser cladding according to claim 7, wherein: the tip part is in a quadrangular pyramid shape, the big end of the quadrangular pyramid is connected with the iron core head body, and the small end of the quadrangular pyramid points to the output pipe; and the lower surface of the tip part is flush with the lower surface of the iron core head body.
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| CN103774136A (en) * | 2014-01-10 | 2014-05-07 | 沈阳航空航天大学 | Coil type electromagnetic stirring device for assisting titanium-alloy laser deposition repair |
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