CN107866548A - Aluminum alloy die casting blank precise forming process - Google Patents
Aluminum alloy die casting blank precise forming process Download PDFInfo
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- CN107866548A CN107866548A CN201710974793.0A CN201710974793A CN107866548A CN 107866548 A CN107866548 A CN 107866548A CN 201710974793 A CN201710974793 A CN 201710974793A CN 107866548 A CN107866548 A CN 107866548A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D27/00—Treating the metal in the mould while it is molten or ductile ; Pressure or vacuum casting
- B22D27/09—Treating the metal in the mould while it is molten or ductile ; Pressure or vacuum casting by using pressure
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22C—FOUNDRY MOULDING
- B22C7/00—Patterns; Manufacture thereof so far as not provided for in other classes
- B22C7/02—Lost patterns
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22C—FOUNDRY MOULDING
- B22C9/00—Moulds or cores; Moulding processes
- B22C9/02—Sand moulds or like moulds for shaped castings
- B22C9/04—Use of lost patterns
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D27/00—Treating the metal in the mould while it is molten or ductile ; Pressure or vacuum casting
- B22D27/04—Influencing the temperature of the metal, e.g. by heating or cooling the mould
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C21/00—Alloys based on aluminium
- C22C21/02—Alloys based on aluminium with silicon as the next major constituent
Abstract
Aluminum alloy die casting blank precise forming process, comprises the following steps：Step 1: the structure fabrication mould according to casting；Step 2: suppressing wax-pattern and sprue cup, cross gate, sprue and ingate using wax injector, and to wax-pattern repairing type, wax module group type is carried out according to constitutional diagram, then to the wax-pattern oil removing after combination；Step 3: the wax-pattern that type has been organized to more than carries out multilayer hanging sand；Step 4: being dewaxed, formwork is no less than 20 hours under ventilation condition from dry after dewaxing, and formwork is calcined in chamber type electric resistance furnace, and formwork is examined after being cooled to room temperature；Step 5: the formwork through washing must carry out drying shell process；Step 6: carrying out moulding using water-glass sand, then sand mold is dried processing；Step 7: smelting aluminium alloy liquation, is poured into a mould using pressure regulation, when crystallization time reaches half, make the temperature of sand mold reduce by 5 10s, the temperature that sand mold reduces is 24 DEG C；Step 8: casting is cleared up；Step 9: casting is heat-treated.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to hot investment casting technical field of aluminum alloy technology, and in particular to aluminum alloy die casting blank precise forming technique
Method.
Background technology
Aluminium alloy is most widely used a kind of non-ferrous metal structural material in industry, in Aeronautics and Astronautics, automobile, machinery
Widely applied in manufacture, ship aluminium alloy and chemical industry.Cast aluminium alloy gold density is low, but intensity is higher, approaches or super
High-quality steel is crossed, plasticity is good, can be processed into various section bars, has excellent electric conductivity, thermal conductivity and corrosion stability, has sizable
Market potential, belong to field of new materials, usage amount industrially is only second to steel.With modern industry and the hair of casting technology
Exhibition, it is also increasing to cast aluminium alloy gold demand.
At present, China's aluminum alloy die casting manufactures mode and following several forms is mainly presented：Sand casting, gravity casting
Make, the casting of low pressure casting, compression casting and precise forming.
Aluminium alloy blank microdiecast is to make liquid or semi-liquid metal high-speed filling casting mold under high pressure effect, and is being pressed
The casting method of casting is frozen under power.With scientific and technical and industrial economy rapid development in recent years, the knot of die casting
Structure becomes increasingly complex, and the higher requirement proposed to the integrated of all kinds of aluminum alloy die castings, lightweight, reliability, aluminium is closed
The dimensional accuracy and surface quality of golden die casting it is also proposed higher requirement.But the country is in whole aluminium processing industry at present
In, the foundry engieering and experience of the casting of famine precision aluminium-alloy, during aluminum alloy die casting is produced, the aluminium of melting
Alloy molten solution carries a large amount of gas meetings existing in the form of bubbles, so that many holes occur in aluminum alloy die casting surface
Hole, hole cause the reduction of aluminum alloy die casting quality, seriously result even in aluminum alloy die casting and scrap.Cast the quantity of hole
It is to weigh the leading indicator of Mechanical processing of casting surface quality with size, casting hole is the main of influence aluminum alloy die casting elongation percentage
Reason, and fatigue crack source often primarily occur ins hole close quarters, so hole caused by die casting is to influence aluminium alloy
The principal element of die casting mechanical performance.Hole property, size and the difference of distribution, result in aluminum alloy die casting mechanical property
Difference.
It is unavoidable in the appearance of casting industry Hole, when aperture is smaller and appears in inside aluminum alloy die casting
When, workpiece quality will not generally be made a big impact.If but appear in machining surface and will directly affect aluminium alloy compression casting
The surface quality and fatigue behaviour of part.
The content of the invention
In order to solve more produced aluminum alloy die casting surface hole defect, quality and mechanical performance is poor and percent defective mistake
High technical problem, it is an object of the invention to provide aluminum alloy die casting blank precise forming process, enable aluminum alloy to die casting
Most of holes on part are evenly distributed on inside aluminum alloy die casting, effectively reduce hole in final surface exposed probability,
Simultaneously reduce generation hole aperture, improve the surface quality of aluminum alloy die casting, enhance the machinery of aluminum alloy die casting
Performance, while greatly reduce percent defective.
The technical solution adopted in the present invention is：Aluminum alloy die casting blank precise forming process, including following step
Suddenly：
Step 1: according to the structure fabrication mould of casting, Casting shrinkage 0.5%-1.0%, pattern draft is 1 '-
3′；
Step 2: suppress wax-pattern and sprue cup, cross gate, sprue and ingate using wax injector, and to wax-pattern repairing type,
Wax module group type is carried out according to constitutional diagram, then to the wax-pattern oil removing after combination；
Step 3: the wax-pattern that type has been organized to more than carries out multilayer hanging sand；
Step 4: carrying out dewaxing process, formwork is no less than 20 hours under ventilation condition from dry after dewaxing, then formwork is put
It is calcined in chamber type electric resistance furnace, formwork cools to less than 450 DEG C taking-ups with the furnace after the completion of roasting, and mould is examined after being cooled to room temperature
Shell；
Step 5: the formwork through washing must carry out drying shell process；
Step 6: carrying out moulding using water-glass sand, then sand mold is dried processing；
Step 7: smelting aluminium alloy liquation, is poured into a mould using pressure regulation, pouring temperature is 765-775 DEG C, and it is 350- synchronously to build pressure
400KPa, liter hydraulic coupling are 5-10KPa, and it is 250-300mm/s to rise liquid speed degree, and mold filling pressure difference is 60-100KPa, filling velocity
For 250-300mm/s, crystallization pressure 2-3KPa, crystallization time 200-250s, when crystallization time reaches half, make sand mold
Temperature reduce 5-10s, sand mold reduce temperature be 2-4 DEG C；
Step 8: clear up casting, using the clear shell of waterpower or the clear shell of dry blast, using sawing machine cut-fill system,
Blast is carried out using blowing machine；
Step 9: casting is heat-treated.
The baking shell system of baking shell process is in the step 5：380 DEG C, >=3 hours are incubated, with using paper after being furnace-cooled to room temperature
Seal cast styling.
Dewaxing parameter is in the dewaxing process：Outer courage steam pressure is 0.25-0.35MPa, and the dewaxing time is 11-
12min, temperature in use are 135-145 DEG C.
The formwork, which is placed in chamber type electric resistance furnace, to be calcined, and roasting parameter is：Furnace temperature formwork when 265-275 DEG C enters stove, with
After be warming up to 790-820 DEG C, be incubated 2-3 hours, after the completion of close power supply.
The composition of the molten aluminium alloy is：Silicon 9.5-12.5%, copper 2.5-3.5%, nickel 0.5-0.75%, magnesium 3.5-
4.5%, zinc 7.5-8.5%, manganese 2.5-3.5%, titanium 0.9-1.1%, chromium 1.5-2.5%, europium 0.01-0.015%, holmium 0.002-
0.004%, lutetium 0.01-0.015%, surplus is aluminium.
The specific preparation method of water-glass sand in the step 6 is：Choose Foundry sand and be incorporated as into roughing sand
Its weight 6.5%-7.5% waterglass is put into puddle mixer and is well mixed as adhesive afterwards.
The step 6 is to carry out moulding using water-glass sand, and gas hole is then pricked on sand mold, and the gas hole is from sand
The blind hole that type outer surface is extended to inside sand mold, then the protective cover sealed in the end face of sand mold, set on the protective cover
There is blow vent, being passed through hot blast to its inside from the blow vent of protective cover, mould surface is dried, hot blast temperature 150-180
DEG C, wind speed 5-6m/s, time 15-20min, protective cover is removed afterwards, nitrogen is then passed through in hole to blowing afloat for sand mold, gas
Flow velocity degree is 5-6m/s, and gas temperature is 23-27 DEG C, time 5-10s.
Heat treatment comprises the following steps in the step 9：A, first stage homogenization heat treatment：Aluminium alloy castings is put
Enter in heat-treatment heater, by room temperature to 235-245 DEG C of progress isothermal holding, soaking time 37-40h；B, second
Stage homogenization heat treatment：It is continuously heating to 355-385 DEG C of progress isothermal holding, soaking time 15-20h；C, the phase III
Homogenization heat treatment：It is continuously heating to 480-500 DEG C of progress isothermal holding, soaking time 10-15h；D, fourth stage is uniform
Change heat treatment：It is continuously heating to 555-565 DEG C of progress isothermal holding, soaking time 0.5-1h；Casting is finally cooled to room
Temperature.
Preferably, in the step 7 when crystallization time reaches half, by dropping sand mold temperature to sand mold spray drying ice
Low 2-4 DEG C.
Preferably, in the step 7 when crystallization time reaches half, dried using blower fan to sand mold, so that sand mold
Temperature reduces 2-4 DEG C.
Compared with prior art, the invention has the advantages that：
Aluminum alloy die casting blank precise forming process of the present invention, step is simple, easy to implement, so that
Under conditions of resource and energy resource consumption are relatively low, semifinished product precision is met the requirements, enabled aluminum alloy to by the process in the present invention
The integrated of die casting, lightweight, reliability greatly improve；
Because the molten aluminium alloy of melting carries a large amount of gas meetings existing in the form of bubbles, so that aluminium alloy compression casting
Many holes occur in part surface, and the present invention is made using pressure regulation cast molten aluminium alloy, and when reaching half in crystallization time
The temperature of sand mold reduces 5-10s, so that the molten aluminium alloy temperature at die casting surface close to sand mold reduces, is in
The molten aluminium alloy temperature of inside die-casting part is more than the molten aluminium alloy temperature at die casting surface, forms temperature difference, temperature
The higher molten aluminium alloy of degree moves to the relatively low molten aluminium alloy direction of temperature, and its reaction force driving bubble is higher to temperature
Place's movement, so that the bubble in molten aluminium alloy is disturbed and shifted to inside die-casting part, hole is effectively reduced most
Surface exposed probability eventually, improves the surface quality of aluminum alloy die casting, improves aluminum alloy die casting elongation percentage, while greatly
Reduce percent defective greatly；Most of holes that process of the present invention is enabled aluminum alloy on die casting are evenly distributed on aluminium conjunction
Golden inside die-casting part, hole is effectively reduced in final surface exposed probability, while reduce generation hole aperture, improve product
Mechanical performance and mechanical property, so as to solve in actual production because hole is exposed and percent defective mistake when causing the die casting to process
The problem of high, improve product quality；
By making the reduction of sand mold temperature to sand mold spray drying ice, so that aluminum alloy die casting entirety uniform decrease in temperature, Bu Huiyin
Local temperature differential is too high to make bubble coalescence, so that bubble distribution is more uniform, effectively reduces bubble to aluminum alloy die casting
The influence of mechanical performance and mechanical property；
Molten aluminium alloy of the present invention, not only good fluidity are adapted to the hot investment casting of heavy castings, and as cast condition
Casting has very high tensile strength and good ductility, is improved by the mechanical property of product after heat treatment, tool
There are higher tensile strength, higher yield strength and elongation percentage, greatly improve product quality；
It is shorter that the present invention sand mold is dried used drying means cycle during processing, to using hot blast outside sand mold
Dry, being passed through nitrogen in air-vent is dried, and compared with traditional gas hardening, drying means of the present invention can
Contained humidity in sand mold uniformly is sloughed, nitrogen is passed through in air-vent, accelerates setting rate, and makes sand hardness higher, sand mold
It is unlikely to deform, improves die casting efficiency.
Embodiment
With reference to specific embodiment, the present invention is further elaborated, and protection scope of the present invention is not limited to following
Embodiment.Implement process, condition, reagent of the present invention etc., be the universal of this area in addition to the following content specially referred to
Content is not particularly limited in knowledge and common knowledge, the present invention.
Embodiment 1
Aluminum alloy die casting blank precise forming process, comprises the following steps：
Step 1: it is 1 ' according to the structure fabrication mould of casting, Casting shrinkage 0.5%, pattern draft；
Step 2: suppress wax-pattern and sprue cup, cross gate, sprue and ingate using wax injector, and to wax-pattern repairing type,
Wax module group type is carried out according to constitutional diagram, then to the wax-pattern oil removing after combination；
Step 3: the wax-pattern that type has been organized to more than carries out multilayer hanging sand；
Step 4: being dewaxed, dewaxing parameter is：Outer courage steam pressure is 0.25MPa, and the dewaxing time is 11min, is used
Temperature is 135 DEG C, and formwork is no less than 20 hours under ventilation condition from dry after dewaxing, and formwork is calcined in chamber type electric resistance furnace, stove
Temperature formwork when 265 DEG C enters stove, then raises temperature to 790 DEG C, is incubated 2 hours, after the completion of close power supply, formwork cools to the furnace
Less than 450 DEG C taking-ups, formwork is examined after being cooled to room temperature；
Step 5: the formwork through washing must carry out drying shell process, shell system is dried：380 DEG C, >=3 hours are incubated, with being furnace-cooled to
After room temperature cast styling is sealed with paper；
Step 6: carrying out moulding using water-glass sand, then sand mold is dried processing；
Step 7: smelting aluminium alloy liquation, is poured into a mould using pressure regulation, pouring temperature is 765 DEG C, and it is 350KPa synchronously to build pressure,
It is 5KPa to rise hydraulic coupling, and liter liquid speed degree is 250mm/s, and mold filling pressure difference is 60KPa, filling velocity 250mm/s, crystallization pressure
For 2KPa, crystallization time 200s, when crystallization time reaches half, make the temperature of sand mold reduce 5s, the temperature that sand mold reduces
For 2 DEG C；
Step 8: clear up casting, using the clear shell of waterpower or the clear shell of dry blast, using sawing machine cut-fill system,
Blast is carried out using blowing machine；
Step 9: casting is heat-treated.
The composition of the molten aluminium alloy is：Silicon 9.5%, copper 2.5%, nickel 0.5%, magnesium 3.5%, zinc 7.5%, manganese
2.5%, titanium 0.9%, chromium 1.5%, europium 0.01%, holmium 0.002%, lutetium 0.01%, surplus is aluminium.
The specific preparation method of water-glass sand in the step 6 is：Choose Foundry sand and be incorporated as into roughing sand
The waterglass of its weight 6.5% is put into puddle mixer and is well mixed as adhesive afterwards.
The step 6 is to carry out moulding using water-glass sand, and gas hole is then pricked on sand mold, and the gas hole is from sand
The blind hole that type outer surface is extended to inside sand mold, then the protective cover sealed in the end face of sand mold, set on the protective cover
There is blow vent, being passed through hot blast to its inside from the blow vent of protective cover, mould surface is dried, and hot blast temperature is 150 DEG C,
Wind speed is 5m/s, time 15min, removes protective cover afterwards, nitrogen is then passed through in hole to blowing afloat for sand mold, air velocity is
5m/s, gas temperature are 23 DEG C, time 5s.
Heat treatment comprises the following steps in the step 9：A, first stage homogenization heat treatment：Aluminium alloy castings is put
Enter in heat-treatment heater, by room temperature to 235 DEG C of progress isothermal holdings, soaking time 37h；B, second stage is uniform
Change heat treatment：It is continuously heating to 355 DEG C of progress isothermal holdings, soaking time 15h；C, phase III homogenization heat treatment：After
It is continuous to be warming up to 480 DEG C of progress isothermal holdings, soaking time 10h；D, fourth stage homogenization heat treatment：It is continuously heating to 555
DEG C carry out isothermal holding, soaking time 0.5h；Casting is finally cooled to room temperature.
Preferably, in the step 7 when crystallization time reaches half, by dropping sand mold temperature to sand mold spray drying ice
Low 2 DEG C.
In the step 7 when crystallization time reaches half, blower fan can also be used to be dried to sand mold, so that sand mold
Temperature reduces by 2 DEG C.
Embodiment 2
Aluminum alloy die casting blank precise forming process, comprises the following steps：
Step 1: it is 2 ' according to the structure fabrication mould of casting, Casting shrinkage 0.7%, pattern draft；
Step 2: suppress wax-pattern and sprue cup, cross gate, sprue and ingate using wax injector, and to wax-pattern repairing type,
Wax module group type is carried out according to constitutional diagram, then to the wax-pattern oil removing after combination；
Step 3: the wax-pattern that type has been organized to more than carries out multilayer hanging sand；
Step 4: being dewaxed, dewaxing parameter is：Outer courage steam pressure is 0.3MPa, and the dewaxing time is 11.5min, is made
It is 138 DEG C with temperature, formwork is no less than 20 hours under ventilation condition from dry after dewaxing, and formwork is calcined in chamber type electric resistance furnace,
Furnace temperature formwork when 270 DEG C enters stove, then raises temperature to 810 DEG C, is incubated 2.5 hours, after the completion of close power supply, formwork furnace cooling
To less than 450 DEG C taking-ups, formwork is examined after being cooled to room temperature；
Step 5: the formwork through washing must carry out drying shell process, shell system is dried：380 DEG C, >=3 hours are incubated, with being furnace-cooled to
After room temperature cast styling is sealed with paper；
Step 6: carrying out moulding using water-glass sand, then sand mold is dried processing；
Step 7: smelting aluminium alloy liquation, is poured into a mould using pressure regulation, pouring temperature is 770 DEG C, and it is 380KPa synchronously to build pressure,
It is 7KPa to rise hydraulic coupling, and liter liquid speed degree is 280mm/s, and mold filling pressure difference is 75KPa, filling velocity 270mm/s, crystallization pressure
For 2KPa, crystallization time 235s, when crystallization time reaches half, make the temperature of sand mold reduce 7s, the temperature that sand mold reduces
For 3 DEG C；
Step 8: clear up casting, using the clear shell of waterpower or the clear shell of dry blast, using sawing machine cut-fill system,
Blast is carried out using blowing machine；
Step 9: casting is heat-treated.
The composition of the molten aluminium alloy is：Silicon 10%, copper 3%, nickel 0.55%, magnesium 3.8%, zinc 7.8%, manganese 3%, titanium
1%, chromium 2%, europium 0.012%, holmium 0.003%, lutetium 0.013%, surplus is aluminium.
The specific preparation method of water-glass sand in the step 6 is：Choose Foundry sand and be incorporated as into roughing sand
The waterglass of its weight 7% is put into puddle mixer and is well mixed as adhesive afterwards.
The step 6 is to carry out moulding using water-glass sand, and gas hole is then pricked on sand mold, and the gas hole is from sand
The blind hole that type outer surface is extended to inside sand mold, then the protective cover sealed in the end face of sand mold, set on the protective cover
There is blow vent, being passed through hot blast to its inside from the blow vent of protective cover, mould surface is dried, and hot blast temperature is 175 DEG C,
Wind speed is 5.5m/s, time 17min, removes protective cover afterwards, nitrogen is then passed through in hole to blowing afloat for sand mold, air velocity
For 5.5m/s, gas temperature is 25 DEG C, time 8s.
Heat treatment comprises the following steps in the step 9：A, first stage homogenization heat treatment：Aluminium alloy castings is put
Enter in heat-treatment heater, by room temperature to 240 DEG C of progress isothermal holdings, soaking time 38h；B, second stage is uniform
Change heat treatment：It is continuously heating to 375 DEG C of progress isothermal holdings, soaking time 18h；C, phase III homogenization heat treatment：After
It is continuous to be warming up to 490 DEG C of progress isothermal holdings, soaking time 13h；D, fourth stage homogenization heat treatment：It is continuously heating to 560
DEG C carry out isothermal holding, soaking time 0.8h；Casting is finally cooled to room temperature.
Preferably, in the step 7 when crystallization time reaches half, by dropping sand mold temperature to sand mold spray drying ice
Low 3 DEG C.
In the step 7 when crystallization time reaches half, blower fan can also be used to be dried to sand mold, so that sand mold
Temperature reduces by 3 DEG C.
Embodiment 3
Aluminum alloy die casting blank precise forming process, comprises the following steps：
Step 1: it is 3 ' according to the structure fabrication mould of casting, Casting shrinkage 1.0%, pattern draft；
Step 2: suppress wax-pattern and sprue cup, cross gate, sprue and ingate using wax injector, and to wax-pattern repairing type,
Wax module group type is carried out according to constitutional diagram, then to the wax-pattern oil removing after combination；
Step 3: the wax-pattern that type has been organized to more than carries out multilayer hanging sand；
Step 4: being dewaxed, dewaxing parameter is：Outer courage steam pressure is 0.35MPa, and the dewaxing time is 12min, is used
Temperature is 145 DEG C, and formwork is no less than 20 hours under ventilation condition from dry after dewaxing, and formwork is calcined in chamber type electric resistance furnace, stove
Temperature formwork when 275 DEG C enters stove, then raises temperature to 820 DEG C, is incubated 3 hours, after the completion of close power supply, formwork cools to the furnace
Less than 450 DEG C taking-ups, formwork is examined after being cooled to room temperature；
Step 5: the formwork through washing must carry out drying shell process, shell system is dried：380 DEG C, >=3 hours are incubated, with being furnace-cooled to
After room temperature cast styling is sealed with paper；
Step 6: carrying out moulding using water-glass sand, then sand mold is dried processing；
Step 7: smelting aluminium alloy liquation, is poured into a mould using pressure regulation, pouring temperature is 775 DEG C, and it is 400KPa synchronously to build pressure,
It is 10KPa to rise hydraulic coupling, and it is 300mm/s to rise liquid speed degree, and mold filling pressure difference is 100KPa, filling velocity 300mm/s, and crystallization is pressed
Power is 3KPa, crystallization time 250s, when crystallization time reaches half, makes the temperature of sand mold reduce 10s, the temperature that sand mold reduces
Spend for 4 DEG C；
Step 8: clear up casting, using the clear shell of waterpower or the clear shell of dry blast, using sawing machine cut-fill system,
Blast is carried out using blowing machine；
Step 9: casting is heat-treated.
The composition of the molten aluminium alloy is：Silicon 12.5%, copper 3.5%, nickel 0.75%, magnesium 4.5%, zinc 8.5%, manganese
3.5%, titanium 1.1%, chromium 2.5%, europium 0.015%, holmium 0.004%, lutetium 0.015%, surplus is aluminium.
The specific preparation method of water-glass sand in the step 6 is：Choose Foundry sand and be incorporated as into roughing sand
The waterglass of its weight 7.5% is put into puddle mixer and is well mixed as adhesive afterwards.
The step 6 is to carry out moulding using water-glass sand, and gas hole is then pricked on sand mold, and the gas hole is from sand
The blind hole that type outer surface is extended to inside sand mold, then the protective cover sealed in the end face of sand mold, set on the protective cover
There is blow vent, being passed through hot blast to its inside from the blow vent of protective cover, mould surface is dried, and hot blast temperature is 180 DEG C,
Wind speed is 6m/s, time 20min, removes protective cover afterwards, nitrogen is then passed through in hole to blowing afloat for sand mold, air velocity is
6m/s, gas temperature are 27 DEG C, time 10s.
Heat treatment comprises the following steps in the step 9：A, first stage homogenization heat treatment：Aluminium alloy castings is put
Enter in heat-treatment heater, by room temperature to 245 DEG C of progress isothermal holdings, soaking time 40h；B, second stage is uniform
Change heat treatment：It is continuously heating to 385 DEG C of progress isothermal holdings, soaking time 20h；C, phase III homogenization heat treatment：After
It is continuous to be warming up to 500 DEG C of progress isothermal holdings, soaking time 15h；D, fourth stage homogenization heat treatment：It is continuously heating to 565
DEG C carry out isothermal holding, soaking time 1h；Casting is finally cooled to room temperature.
Preferably, in the step 7 when crystallization time reaches half, by dropping sand mold temperature to sand mold spray drying ice
Low 4 DEG C.
In the step 7 when crystallization time reaches half, blower fan can also be used to be dried to sand mold, so that sand mold
Temperature reduces by 4 DEG C.
Embodiments of the invention are the foregoing is only, are not intended to limit the scope of the invention, it is every to utilize this hair
The equivalent structure or equivalent flow conversion that bright description is made, or directly or indirectly it is used in other related technology necks
Domain, it is included within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. aluminum alloy die casting blank precise forming process, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps：
Step 1: according to the structure fabrication mould of casting, Casting shrinkage 0.5%-1.0%, pattern draft is 1 ' -3 '；
Step 2: suppress wax-pattern and sprue cup, cross gate, sprue and ingate using wax injector, and to wax-pattern repairing type, according to
Constitutional diagram carries out wax module group type, then to the wax-pattern oil removing after combination；
Step 3: the wax-pattern that type has been organized to more than carries out multilayer hanging sand；
Step 4: carrying out dewaxing process, formwork is no less than 20 hours under ventilation condition from dry after dewaxing, then formwork is placed on into case
Formula resistance kiln roasting, formwork cools to less than 450 DEG C taking-ups with the furnace after the completion of roasting, and formwork is examined after being cooled to room temperature；
Step 5: the formwork through washing must carry out drying shell process；
Step 6: carrying out moulding using water-glass sand, then sand mold is dried processing；
Step 7: smelting aluminium alloy liquation, is poured into a mould using pressure regulation, pouring temperature is 765-775 DEG C, and it is 350- synchronously to build pressure
400KPa, liter hydraulic coupling are 5-10KPa, and it is 250-300mm/s to rise liquid speed degree, and mold filling pressure difference is 60-100KPa, filling velocity
For 250-300mm/s, crystallization pressure 2-3KPa, crystallization time 200-250s, when crystallization time reaches half, make sand mold
Temperature reduce 5-10s, sand mold reduce temperature be 2-4 DEG C；
Step 8: clearing up casting, using the clear shell of waterpower or the clear shell of dry blast, using sawing machine cut-fill system, use
Blowing machine carries out blast；
Step 9: casting is heat-treated.
2. aluminum alloy die casting blank precise forming process as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that the step 5
It is middle dry shell process baking shell system be：380 DEG C, >=3 hours are incubated, cast styling is sealed with paper with being furnace-cooled to after room temperature.
3. aluminum alloy die casting blank precise forming process as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that the dewaxing work
Dewaxing parameter is in sequence：Outer courage steam pressure is 0.25-0.35MPa, and the dewaxing time is 11-12min, temperature in use 135-
145℃。
4. aluminum alloy die casting blank precise forming process as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that the formwork is put
It is calcined in chamber type electric resistance furnace, roasting parameter is：Furnace temperature formwork when 265-275 DEG C enters stove, then raises temperature to 790-820 DEG C,
Be incubated 2-3 hours, after the completion of close power supply.
5. aluminum alloy die casting blank precise forming process as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that the aluminium alloy
The composition of liquation is：Silicon 9.5-12.5%, copper 2.5-3.5%, nickel 0.5-0.75%, magnesium 3.5-4.5%, zinc 7.5-8.5%, manganese
2.5-3.5%, titanium 0.9-1.1%, chromium 1.5-2.5%, europium 0.01-0.015%, holmium 0.002-0.004%, lutetium 0.01-
0.015%, surplus is aluminium.
6. aluminum alloy die casting blank precise forming process as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that the step 6
In the specific preparation method of water-glass sand be：Choose Foundry sand and its weight 6.5%-7.5% is incorporated as into roughing sand
Waterglass as adhesive, be put into puddle mixer and be well mixed afterwards.
7. aluminum alloy die casting blank precise forming process as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that the step 6
To carry out moulding using water-glass sand, gas hole is then pricked on sand mold, the gas hole is to extend to sand mold from sand mold outer surface
Internal blind hole, then the protective cover sealed in the end face of sand mold, blow vent are provided with the protective cover, from protective cover
Blow vent is passed through hot blast to its inside and mould surface is dried, and hot blast temperature is 150-180 DEG C, wind speed 5-6m/s, when
Between be 15-20min, remove protective cover afterwards, nitrogen be then passed through in hole to blowing afloat for sand mold, air velocity 5-6m/s, gas
Temperature is 23-27 DEG C, time 5-10s.
8. aluminum alloy die casting blank precise forming process as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that the step 9
Middle heat treatment comprises the following steps：A, first stage homogenization heat treatment：Aluminium alloy castings is put into heat-treatment heater,
By room temperature to 235-245 DEG C of progress isothermal holding, soaking time 37-40h；B, second stage homogenization heat treatment：After
It is continuous to be warming up to 355-385 DEG C of progress isothermal holding, soaking time 15-20h；C, phase III homogenization heat treatment：Continue to rise
Warm to 480-500 DEG C progress isothermal holding, soaking time 10-15h；D, fourth stage homogenization heat treatment：It is continuously heating to
555-565 DEG C of progress isothermal holding, soaking time 0.5-1h；Casting is finally cooled to room temperature.
9. aluminum alloy die casting blank precise forming process as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that the step 7
In crystallization time reach half when, by sand mold spray drying ice make sand mold temperature reduce 2-4 DEG C.
10. aluminum alloy die casting blank precise forming process as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that the step
In seven when crystallization time reaches half, dried using blower fan to sand mold, so that sand mold temperature reduces 2-4 DEG C.
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