CN107863940B - Large-dynamic-range ALC (automatic level control) protection circuit with temperature compensation function - Google Patents
Large-dynamic-range ALC (automatic level control) protection circuit with temperature compensation function Download PDFInfo
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- CN107863940B CN107863940B CN201711167707.1A CN201711167707A CN107863940B CN 107863940 B CN107863940 B CN 107863940B CN 201711167707 A CN201711167707 A CN 201711167707A CN 107863940 B CN107863940 B CN 107863940B
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
- H03F—AMPLIFIERS
- H03F1/00—Details of amplifiers with only discharge tubes, only semiconductor devices or only unspecified devices as amplifying elements
- H03F1/30—Modifications of amplifiers to reduce influence of variations of temperature or supply voltage or other physical parameters
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
- H03F—AMPLIFIERS
- H03F3/00—Amplifiers with only discharge tubes or only semiconductor devices as amplifying elements
- H03F3/189—High-frequency amplifiers, e.g. radio frequency amplifiers
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
- H03F—AMPLIFIERS
- H03F3/00—Amplifiers with only discharge tubes or only semiconductor devices as amplifying elements
- H03F3/20—Power amplifiers, e.g. Class B amplifiers, Class C amplifiers
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
- H03G—CONTROL OF AMPLIFICATION
- H03G3/00—Gain control in amplifiers or frequency changers
- H03G3/20—Automatic control
- H03G3/30—Automatic control in amplifiers having semiconductor devices
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Abstract
A large dynamic range ALC protection circuit with temperature compensation function comprises a variable gain amplifier, an ALC detector and an integral control circuit, wherein the circuit realizes that the dynamic range of input radio frequency power is larger than 100dB, the output power gain fluctuation of a product in a high and low temperature state is smaller than 0.5dB, a circuit theoretical design method is completely provided, simulation and actual measurement verification are carried out, and a multi-chip module (MCM) is used for design and production of the whole circuit. The circuit meets the requirements of miniaturization, light weight, batch production and the like, and has wide application prospect.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a large dynamic range ALC (automatic level control) protection circuit with a temperature compensation function, and belongs to the technical field of microwave circuits.
Background
The loop automatic gain control (ALC) circuit is widely applied to active products such as radar/communication receivers, solid-state amplifiers, LCAMPs and the like as an active microwave circuit, and the circuit works at the front end of radio frequency, so that the strength of a signal output by a system can not change along with the level of an input signal, and the stability of the level of the output signal of the system is maintained.
At present, the ALC circuits adopted by most products do not consider the influence of high and low temperature environments on the circuits, and a steep transition zone is difficult to exist, so that the dynamic regulation range and the response time of a system are influenced.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem to be solved by the invention is as follows: the large-dynamic-range ALC protection circuit with the temperature compensation function is provided, and the problems that the input signal control range of a traditional ALC protection circuit is narrow, the output power is large in fluctuation under the conditions of high temperature and low temperature and the like are solved.
The technical solution of the invention is as follows:
a large dynamic range ALC protection circuit with temperature compensation function comprises a variable gain amplifier, an ALC detector and an integral control circuit; the variable gain amplifier comprises a first-stage amplifier, a three-stage controllable attenuator, a second-stage amplifier and a third-stage amplifier;
the radio frequency input signal is amplified by the first-stage amplifier, then is subjected to signal attenuation by the three-stage controllable attenuator, and then is amplified by the second-stage amplifier and the third-stage amplifier in sequence, the radio frequency signal output by the third-stage amplifier is the output radio frequency signal of the ALC protection circuit, the output radio frequency signal is also connected to the ALC detector at the same time, the output radio frequency signal is detected, a detection signal Vdet is output to the integral control circuit, and the integral control circuit controls the gain of the variable gain amplifier and carries out temperature compensation on the ALC protection circuit.
The integral control circuit compares the detection signal Vdet with an externally input reference voltage Vref, and outputs a control voltage Vctrl to control the attenuation of the three-stage controllable attenuator, thereby realizing the gain control of the variable gain amplifier.
The integral control circuit is a second-order integral circuit.
The integral control circuit includes: a resistor R2, a thermistor RT1, voltage dividing resistors R4 and R5 form a voltage dividing network, a resistor R3 and a resistor C3 form a low-pass filter, an operational amplifier OP1 and a feedback network formed by capacitors C1, C2 and a resistor R1;
the detection signal Vdet enters the input negative terminal of the operational amplifier OP1 through a resistor R2, the reference voltage Vref enters the input positive terminal of the operational amplifier OP1 through a voltage division network formed by a thermistor RT1 and resistors R4 and R5 and a low-pass filter formed by a resistor R3 and a resistor C3, and a feedback network formed by capacitors C1 and C2 and the resistor R1 is connected between the output signal Vc of the operational amplifier OP1 and the input negative terminal of the operational amplifier OP 1.
The thermistor RT1 and the voltage dividing resistors R4 and R5 form a voltage dividing network, and the specific connection relationship is as follows: the resistor R5 is connected in parallel with the thermistor RT1, one end of the resistor R5 is connected with the detection signal Vdet, and the other end is grounded through the resistor R4.
The feedback network connection relationship formed by the capacitors C1 and C2 and the resistor R1 is specifically as follows: the input negative terminal of the OP1 is connected with the output terminal of the OP1 through a capacitor C2, and the capacitor C1 is connected with a resistor R1 in series and then connected with a capacitor C2 in parallel.
R2＝R3，C2＝C3≥C1，R1×C1≤1。
Transfer function A of complex frequency domain of the integral control circuit(s)Comprises the following steps:
where s is j ω,
ω represents frequency.
The input power dynamic range of the ALC protection circuit is greater than 100 dB.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) compared with the traditional circuit, the ALC protection circuit provided by the invention has the advantages of miniaturization, light weight and the like, and meanwhile, the circuit is simple in form and easy to realize, and a complete circuit theoretical analysis direction is provided. Is suitable for the requirement of batch production.
(2) The ALC protection circuit of the invention introduces a multi-stage amplifier and a voltage-controlled attenuator to realize that the dynamic range of input power is larger than 100dB, and simultaneously introduces a second-order integral temperature compensation control circuit, compared with the traditional circuit, the stability of the circuit is increased, and the fluctuation of output power is reduced by one time under the conditions of high temperature and low temperature. The whole circuit uses a multi-chip module (MCM) to realize the miniaturization and mass production of products.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a block diagram of an ALC circuit according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of an integral control circuit;
FIG. 3(a) is the actual test result of the circuit with temperature compensation function;
fig. 3(b) shows the actual test result of the circuit without temperature compensation function.
Detailed Description
The following further describes the embodiments of the present invention with reference to the drawings.
The following further describes the embodiments of the present invention with reference to the drawings.
The invention provides a high-integration large-dynamic-range ALC (adaptive logic circuit) protection circuit with a temperature compensation function, which is added with the temperature compensation function and ensures that the output gain fluctuation of a product in a high-temperature state and a low-temperature state meets the requirement. The whole circuit is designed and produced by using a multi-chip module (MCM), meets the requirements of miniaturization, light weight, mass production and the like, and has wide application prospect.
In order to realize the dynamic range of the input power of more than 100dB, a Variable Gain Amplifier (VGA) introduces a multi-stage amplifier and a voltage-controlled attenuator, and the specific circuit is shown in figure 1.
The ALC circuit has the function of realizing the control of the dynamic range of the system and is a closed-loop negative feedback control system. The ALC circuit comprises a variable gain amplifier, an ALC detector and an integral control circuit; the variable gain amplifier comprises a first-stage amplifier, a three-stage controllable attenuator, a second-stage amplifier and a third-stage amplifier.
The radio frequency input signal is amplified by the first-stage amplifier, then is subjected to signal attenuation by the three-stage controllable attenuator, and then is amplified by the second-stage amplifier and the third-stage amplifier in sequence, the radio frequency signal output by the third-stage amplifier is the output radio frequency signal of the ALC protection circuit, the output radio frequency signal is also connected to the ALC detector at the same time, the output radio frequency signal is detected, a detection signal Vdet is output to the integral control circuit, and the integral control circuit controls the gain of the variable gain amplifier and carries out temperature compensation on the ALC protection circuit.
The second-order integral control circuit compares the detection signal Vdet with an externally input reference voltage Vref, and outputs a control voltage Vctrl to control the attenuation of the three-level controllable attenuator, thereby realizing the gain control of the variable gain amplifier.
In consideration of noise, the first-stage amplifier mainly focuses on low noise coefficient, the second-stage amplifier needs to have higher gain while considering the noise coefficient, and the last-stage amplifier needs to consider high-output 1dB compression point and better output standing wave.
As shown in fig. 2, the integral control circuit is the core of the ALC circuit, and the present invention proposes to use a second-order integral circuit, in which a resistor R2, a thermistor RT1, a voltage divider resistor R4 and R5 form a voltage divider network, a resistor R3 and a resistor C3 form a low-pass filter, an operational amplifier OP1, and a feedback network formed by capacitors C1, C2 and a resistor R1;
the detection signal Vdet enters the input negative terminal of the operational amplifier OP1 through a resistor R2, the reference voltage Vref enters the input positive terminal of the operational amplifier OP1 through a voltage division network formed by a thermistor RT1 and resistors R4 and R5 and a low-pass filter formed by a resistor R3 and a resistor C3, and a feedback network formed by capacitors C1 and C2 and the resistor R1 is connected between the output signal Vc of the operational amplifier OP1 and the input negative terminal of the operational amplifier OP 1.
The thermistor RT1 and the voltage dividing resistors R4 and R5 form a voltage dividing network, and the specific connection relationship is as follows: the resistor R5 is connected in parallel with the thermistor RT1, one end of the resistor R5 is connected with the detection signal Vdet, and the other end is grounded through the resistor R4. The input negative terminal of OP1 is connected with the output terminal of OP1 through a capacitor C2, and the capacitor C1 is connected with a resistor R1 in series and then connected with a capacitor C2 in parallel
The transfer function of the complex frequency domain is:
by simplifying the integration circuit model, let R2 ═ R3, C2 ═ C3 ≥ C1, and R1 × C1 ≤ 1. Meanwhile, considering the requirement of loop establishing time, the loop gain (LoopGain) is substituted into the formula to calculate, and then the circuit parameter is obtained, s is j omega,
ω represents frequency.
The temperature compensation function is added on the basis of the improved integration circuit, the detection voltage changes greatly along with the temperature under the conditions of high temperature and low temperature, and the reference voltage Vref of the traditional circuit is a fixed value and can not well simulate the change of the corresponding reference voltage under the conditions of high temperature and low temperature. Therefore, the reference voltage end is changed into a voltage dividing resistor circuit with a thermistor, and the reference voltage value corresponding to the output power at different temperatures can be fitted through the circuit, so that the fluctuation of the output power at high and low temperatures is reduced.
To reduce the volume, the entire circuit is designed and packaged using a multi-chip module (MCM) to achieve high integration of the circuit, and to provide a passage for electrical interconnection with the outside.
As can be seen from FIGS. 3(a) and 3(b), the output power of the solid-state amplification product of the non-temperature-compensation ALC circuit fluctuates by less than 1dB at high and low temperatures (+70 ℃ to-35 ℃), and the minimum output power is 42.5 dBm. And by adopting a temperature compensation ALC circuit, the output power of the solid-discharge product has power fluctuation less than 0.5dB at high and low temperatures, and the minimum output power is 42.9 dBm. By using the temperature-compensated ALC protection circuit, excellent electrical performance is obtained.
Those skilled in the art will appreciate that those matters not described in detail in the present specification are well known in the art.
Claims (8)
1. The utility model provides a big dynamic range ALC protection circuit of area temperature compensation function which characterized in that: the variable gain amplifier, the ALC detector and the integral control circuit are included; the variable gain amplifier comprises a first-stage amplifier, a three-stage controllable attenuator, a second-stage amplifier and a third-stage amplifier;
the radio frequency input signal is amplified by the first-stage amplifier, then is subjected to signal attenuation by the three-stage controllable attenuator, and then is amplified by the second-stage amplifier and the third-stage amplifier in sequence, the radio frequency signal output by the third-stage amplifier is the output radio frequency signal of the ALC protection circuit, the output radio frequency signal of the ALC protection circuit is also connected to the ALC detector at the same time, the output radio frequency signal is detected, a detection signal Vdet is output to the integral control circuit, and the integral control circuit controls the gain of the variable gain amplifier and performs temperature compensation on the ALC protection circuit;
the integral control circuit includes: a resistor R2, a thermistor RT1, voltage dividing resistors R4 and R5 form a voltage dividing network, a resistor R3 and a resistor C3 form a low-pass filter, an operational amplifier OP1 and a feedback network formed by capacitors C1, C2 and a resistor R1;
a detection signal Vdet enters an input negative terminal of an operational amplifier OP1 through a resistor R2, a reference voltage Vref enters an input positive terminal of the operational amplifier OP1 through a voltage division network formed by a thermistor RT1 and resistors R4 and R5 and a low-pass filter formed by R3 and C3, and a feedback network formed by capacitors C1, C2 and the resistor R1 is connected between an output signal Vc of the operational amplifier OP1 and the input negative terminal of the operational amplifier OP 1;
the ALC refers to loop automatic gain control.
2. The large dynamic range ALC protection circuit with temperature compensation function of claim 1, characterized in that: the integral control circuit compares the detection signal Vdet with an externally input reference voltage Vref, and outputs a control voltage Vctrl to control the attenuation of the three-stage controllable attenuator, thereby realizing the gain control of the variable gain amplifier.
3. The large-dynamic-range ALC protection circuit with temperature compensation function of claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: the integral control circuit is a second-order integral circuit.
4. The large dynamic range ALC protection circuit with temperature compensation function of claim 1, characterized in that: the thermistor RT1 and the voltage dividing resistors R4 and R5 form a voltage dividing network, and the specific connection relationship is as follows: the resistor R5 is connected in parallel with the thermistor RT1, one end of the resistor R5 is connected with the detection signal Vdet, and the other end is grounded through the resistor R4.
5. The large dynamic range ALC protection circuit with temperature compensation function of claim 1, characterized in that: the feedback network connection relationship formed by the capacitors C1 and C2 and the resistor R1 is specifically as follows: the input negative terminal of the OP1 is connected with the output terminal of the OP1 through a capacitor C2, and the capacitor C1 is connected with a resistor R1 in series and then connected with a capacitor C2 in parallel.
6. The large dynamic range ALC protection circuit with temperature compensation function of claim 1, characterized in that: r2 ═ R3, C2 ═ C3 ≥ C1, and R1 XC 1 ≤ 1.
7. The large dynamic range ALC protection circuit with temperature compensation function of claim 1, characterized in that: transfer function A of complex frequency domain of the integral control circuit(s)Comprises the following steps:
where s is j ω,
ω represents frequency.
8. The large dynamic range ALC protection circuit with temperature compensation function of claim 1, characterized in that: the input power dynamic range of the ALC protection circuit is greater than 100 dB.
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| CN201711167707.1A CN107863940B (en) | 2017-11-21 | 2017-11-21 | Large-dynamic-range ALC (automatic level control) protection circuit with temperature compensation function |
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| CN201711167707.1A CN107863940B (en) | 2017-11-21 | 2017-11-21 | Large-dynamic-range ALC (automatic level control) protection circuit with temperature compensation function |
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| CN108923757A (en) * | 2018-07-02 | 2018-11-30 | 成都九洲电子信息系统股份有限公司 | The detection of radio frequency power output closed loop and regulating device |
| CN109743029A (en) * | 2018-12-19 | 2019-05-10 | 安徽华东光电技术研究所有限公司 | Predistortion circuit based on gallium nitride power booster output nonlinear gain |
| CN110224679A (en) * | 2019-05-27 | 2019-09-10 | 山东航天电子技术研究所 | A kind of automatic gain control circuit with temperature-compensating |
| CN110543205A (en) * | 2019-08-07 | 2019-12-06 | 中电科仪器仪表有限公司 | method for improving dynamic range of vector network analyzer source under wide temperature condition |
| CN112187201A (en) * | 2020-10-22 | 2021-01-05 | 上海航天电子通讯设备研究所 | Temperature compensation gain closed-loop circuit of satellite-borne gallium nitride solid-state power amplifier |
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| US7439807B2 (en) * | 2006-06-20 | 2008-10-21 | Stmicroelectronics, Inc. | Method and system for generating a temperature-compensated control signal |
| CN100588112C (en) * | 2006-10-18 | 2010-02-03 | 深圳国人通信有限公司 | Device and method for realizing wide band micro power linear power amplication |
| CN103209016A (en) * | 2012-01-17 | 2013-07-17 | 深圳国人通信有限公司 | Repeater and power amplifier thereof |
| CN107196617B (en) * | 2017-05-27 | 2021-03-30 | 中国电子科技集团公司第四十一研究所 | Intelligent power amplitude stabilizing loop based on dynamic self-adaptive algorithm and amplitude stabilizing method |
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