CN107862960B - Puncture/intubation medical teaching simulation training method and puncture/intubation training system used by same - Google Patents
Puncture/intubation medical teaching simulation training method and puncture/intubation training system used by same Download PDFInfo
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- CN107862960B CN107862960B CN201710839167.0A CN201710839167A CN107862960B CN 107862960 B CN107862960 B CN 107862960B CN 201710839167 A CN201710839167 A CN 201710839167A CN 107862960 B CN107862960 B CN 107862960B
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Abstract
The invention relates to the field of medical education equipment, in particular to a puncture/intubation medical teaching simulation training method and a puncture/intubation training system used by the same, comprising an operation structure, a depth detection device, a medium supply system (50), an operation device (300) and a controller (702), wherein the operation device comprises an injector consisting of a needle cylinder and a pushing plug and a needling/inserting device.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of medical education equipment, in particular to a puncture/intubation medical teaching simulation training method and a puncture/intubation training system used by the same.
Background
In the medical teaching simulation training, when the puncture training is carried out, the needle is adopted to perform needling on the water bag, the operation of puncture is simulated, and the puncture model with the structure is adopted, so that the water bag is easy to puncture, the water bag consumption is high, and the training cost is increased; in addition, when the puncture model with the structure is used for puncture training, because the effusion led out by the puncture operation at different positions is different in color, but one water sac only can be filled with water with one color, different water sacs are required to be configured for different operations, and the teaching equipment is complicated.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a puncture/intubation medical teaching simulation training method and a puncture/intubation training system used by the method, aiming at the defects that the water bag is easy to damage, the water bag needs to be frequently replaced and the training cost is high when the puncture operation is simulated by adopting an injector and the water bag in the prior art.
The invention aims at realizing the following technical scheme:
a puncture/cannula training system comprising a subject structure, a depth detection device, a medium supply system (50), a surgical device (300) and a controller (702), wherein the surgical device comprises a syringe consisting of a syringe and a push plug and a needling/insertion device, a case module is arranged in the controller, the needling/insertion device performs a puncture/cannula operation on the subject structure, the depth detection device detects the depth of the puncture/cannula and feeds back to the controller, and the puncture/cannula depth control medium supply system arranged by the controller according to the case program arranged by the case module and/or the depth detection device guides liquid medium or/and gas medium as blood or effusion into the syringe;
the medium supply system (50) comprises a communication device (330) and a medium supply device (500), wherein the communication device comprises a first connecting end, a second connecting end and a third connecting end, at least the third connecting end is communicated with the second connecting end, the third connecting end is positioned between the second connecting end and the first connecting end, the first output end of the medium supply device (500) is communicated with the third connecting end of the communication device (303) through a pipeline (703), the needle cylinder is communicated with the second connecting end, the needling/inserting device is connected with the first connecting end, and the controller (702) controls the medium supply device (500) to supply the medium;
the medium supply device (500) is an air pump, an air outlet end (529) of the air pump (501) is connected with an inlet end of the pipeline (703), and the air pump is electrically connected with the controller;
the medium supply device (500) is a liquid supply device, the liquid supply device comprises at least one liquid container, liquid is arranged in the liquid container, each liquid container is communicated with the needle cylinder through a pipeline (703), a normally closed electromagnetic valve is arranged at the liquid outlet end of each container, the normally closed electromagnetic valve is electrically connected with the controller, and the controller controls the normally closed electromagnetic valve to be opened and closed according to a case program;
the liquid pump is electrically connected with the controller, and when the normally closed electromagnetic valve is opened, liquid in the liquid container can be supplied into the pipeline (703) through the liquid pump (524) and is electrically connected with the controller through the liquid pump;
the medium supply device (500) comprises a gas supply device and a liquid supply device, wherein the gas supply device is an air pump, the air outlet end (529) of the air pump (501) is connected with the inlet end of the pipeline (703), the liquid supply device comprises a liquid pump and at least one liquid container, liquid is arranged in the liquid container, the liquid outlet end of each liquid container is respectively provided with a normally closed electromagnetic valve, the liquid pump and the air pump are respectively connected with a controller through electric signals, and the liquid in the liquid container is supplied into the pipeline (703) under the power action of the liquid pump (524);
the medium supply system further comprises a pressure sensing device (701), wherein the pressure sensing device (701) is arranged on a pipeline (703) between the communication device (303) and the medium supply device (500), and the pressure sensing device (701) is electrically connected with the controller;
the described operation structure is a humanoid tissue body, the described depth detection device includes public layer made of conductive material and detection layer, the described detection layer is at least one layer, the described public layer and detection layer are electrically connected with controller, every layer of detection layer is distributed inwards from outside of humanoid tissue body, between public layer and detection layer the humanoid tissue body is insulated, and the public layer and detection layer can be electrically connected with insertion device;
the human tissue imitation body is composed of a skin layer, a fat layer, a muscle layer and a puncture imitation target organ layer in sequence, ribs are arranged in the muscle layer, a needle insertion detection layer, a position error prompting layer, a position correct prompting layer, a pleura layer and a puncture overstrain prompting layer are arranged on the human tissue imitation body, the needle insertion detection layer is positioned between the skin layer and the fat layer, the needle insertion position correct prompting layer is positioned between the fat layer and the muscle layer, the needle insertion position error prompting layer is positioned between the needle insertion detection layer and the position correct prompting layer and is arranged opposite to the ribs, the pleura wall layer is positioned inside the muscle layer and between the puncture imitation target organ layers, and the puncture overstrain prompting layer is arranged inside the puncture imitation target organ layer.
According to the puncture/intubation medical teaching simulation training method, a case is set in a controller, a corresponding case is selected, and a control medium supply device is set by the controller according to a case program to output a medium into a needle cylinder so as to simulate the operation of draining body fluid in puncture/intubation; or receiving the medium pressed out of the syringe to simulate the operation of introducing the medium into the target organ of the human body;
the negative pressure is formed in the needle cylinder through the back suction of the pushing plug in the needle cylinder, the pressure in the needle cylinder is sensed by the pressure sensing device, when the pressure in the needle cylinder is the negative pressure, the pressure sensing device transmits a signal to the controller, the controller controls the medium supply device to input a medium into the needle cylinder, and the operation of extracting the medium from the needle cylinder and the needle head through the back suction pushing plug is simulated;
the controller controls the medium supply device to supply the medium with different colors and/or different states according to the received different depths of the needling/intubation and/or sends out different prompt messages to simulate the operation of sucking out different mediums when penetrating into different depths;
detecting the pressure in the needle cylinder by a pressure sensing device, judging that the anesthesia operation is performed when negative pressure is formed in the needle cylinder, and sending out an anesthesia error prompt by a controller if no pressure change is detected;
the case procedure was set up following the following method: according to different cases, whether the mode of simulating diversion body fluid is to actively provide media or passively provide media is set, when the media type is actively provided, when the depth detection device prompts that the specified depth is reached, the controller controls the media supply device to convey the media into the needle cylinder; when the medium supply device is set to be of a passive medium supply type, after the controller receives a signal that the pressure in the syringe is negative pressure, the controller controls the output end of the medium supply device to be opened, and the medium in the container flows into the syringe under the action of the syringe negative pressure;
the method comprises the steps of detecting the insertion depth and/or position of an operation device by arranging detection layers in an operation structure, presetting meanings represented by each detection layer, setting operation programs at different detection layers according to different puncture/cannula operations in a case, setting the detection layers for sucking out medium operation and the mode of sucking out the medium, prompting corresponding information and/or controlling a medium supply device to supply the medium to a syringe according to the set operation programs after a controller obtains a signal that the insertion depth of the operation device reaches the layer, or introducing the medium into a container of the medium supply device by the syringe and/or recording;
puncture/cannula medical teaching simulation training using the puncture/cannula training system according to any of the preceding claims.
The puncture/intubation training system is provided with the controller, the depth detection device, the operation structure and the medium supply device, and the case module is arranged in the controller, so that the depth detection device can detect the depth of insertion in operation and feed back the depth position of the needling or intubation to the controller by the depth detection device, so that the controller can control the corresponding pump body and or the liquid container to provide the medium according to different depths and or cases, the actual puncture/intubation operation is simulated, the process is consistent with the actual operation process, the experience is real, the teaching efficiency is high, and the teaching effect is good. In addition, because the pressure sensing device can be arranged in the medium supply system, the pressure in the needle cylinder can be sensed by the pressure sensing device to control the pump body to convey the medium into the injector so as to simulate the suction of the medium by the actual puncture or intubation injector, therefore, under the control of the controller, various colors of liquid can be supplied according to different cases to replace the substances sucked in the puncture or intubation, the process in all puncture/intubation can be simulated, and the case situation can be set by a trainee for operation under different situations through the teaching purpose of a teacher, so that the system has wide application and can be used for teaching of various puncture and intubation. Because the real operation scene can be highly simulated in the operation process, the training efficiency of students is improved, the feeling in the simulation training is closer to the actual operation feeling, and the simulation teaching quality is improved.
The method of the invention is adopted to carry out the simulation training of puncture/intubation medicine teaching, as the controller is provided with cases in advance, the controller controls the medium supply device to output the medium into the syringe according to the case setting so as to simulate the operation of draining body fluid in the puncture/intubation operation, or controls the medium supply device to receive the medium pressed out of the syringe and simulate the operation of pumping body fluid from a human body, different mediums can be supplied to the syringe by means of the external medium supply device and the injected medium is received, thus the medium is not required to be arranged in an operation structure, the replacement times of the operation structure are reduced, the service life of the operation structure is prolonged, and meanwhile, different mediums can be provided according to different case settings, so that a trainee can select different cases to carry out the training operation, and one multifunctional training is realized and the experience is real.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a schematic embodiment of the media supply system of the puncture/cannula training system of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the connection structure of the cannula and the communicating device in the puncture/cannula training system of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of a puncture/cannula training system of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic front view of a puncture syringe in the puncture/cannula training system of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of a simulated human tissue module in the puncture/cannula training system of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of a simulated human tissue module for use in thoracocentesis training;
fig. 7 is a diagram showing an example of the operation flow of puncture training.
Description of the reference numerals
300-application device
301-needle;
302-a syringe; 303-syringe; 304-push plug 305-cannula;
330-communicating means; 331—connection end one; 332-a second connecting end; 333-connector three
400-humanoid tissue module
401-inserting a needle into the detection layer; 402-a second detection layer; 403-a third detection layer; 404-a fourth detection layer; 405-a fifth detection layer; 410-a common layer; 411-human tissue-like body; 420-skin layer; 421-fat layer; 422-muscle layer; 423-intercostal muscles; 424-ribs; 425-pleural layer; 426-pleural cavity; 427-penetrating through the deep layer; 428-needle insertion position error prompting layer; 429-correct needle insertion position prompting layer;
50-a media supply system;
500-medium supply means;
501-an air pump; 502-a liquid container; 521-first liquid container; 522-liquid container two; 523-liquid container three; 524-a liquid pump; 525-normally closed solenoid valve one; 526-a normally closed electromagnetic valve II; 527-normally closed solenoid valve III; 528-normally closed solenoid valve four; 529-an air outlet end; 503-normally open solenoid valve.
701-pressure sensing device;
702-a controller;
703-a pipeline;
Detailed Description
Before describing, the meaning of the term "humanoid tissue" in the humanoid tissue module is described, and the humanoid tissue herein does not represent a specific tissue or organ, and refers to a humanoid structure composed of one or two or more humanoid organs such as humanoid skin, humanoid fat, humanoid muscle, humanoid blood vessel, humanoid bone, humanoid nerve, and the like.
The invention is further described below in connection with specific embodiments. As shown in fig. 3 in combination with fig. 1, the puncture/cannula training system according to the embodiment of the present invention includes an operation structure, a depth detection device, a medium supply system 50, an operation device 300, and a controller 702, wherein the operation device 300 performs a puncture/cannula operation on the operation structure, the depth detection device detects the depth of the puncture/cannula, and feeds back the depth to the controller, a case module is provided in the controller, and the controller guides a liquid medium or a gas medium as blood or effusion into the operation device according to a case program provided by the case module and/or the puncture/cannula depth control medium supply system detected by the depth detection device.
As shown in fig. 2 and 4, the applicator may be a needle and syringe for puncture training, or a cannula and syringe in a cannula procedure; the operated structure can be a water sac, a humanoid tube such as a simulated lumbar vertebra, a simulated thoracic cavity structure, a simulated heart structure, a simulated esophagus tube and a simulated stomach structure, and is used for inserting a needle or inserting a cannula; the depth detection device is used for detecting the insertion depth of the needle head or the cannula, can detect the puncture depth through the triaxial positioning device or the infrared detection device, and can detect the cannula depth by adopting the magnetic force detection device or the infrared correlation depth detection device.
As shown in fig. 1, a preferred medium supply system of the present invention adopts a structure including a communication device 330, a pressure sensing device 701, and a medium supply device 500, wherein an output end of the medium supply device 500 is communicated with an input end of the communication device 330 through a pipeline 703, the pressure sensing device 701 is disposed on the pipeline 703 between the communication device 330 and the medium supply device 500, and the pressure sensing device and the medium supply device are respectively communicated with a controller 702. As shown in fig. 2-4, the communication device includes three connection ends, namely a first connection end 331, a second connection end 332 and a third connection end 333, at least the second connection end and the third connection end 333 are communicated, and the third connection end is used as an input end to communicate with the pipeline 703 so as to communicate with the output end of the medium supply device, and the third connection end is arranged between the second connection end and the first connection end. As shown in fig. 2, when the puncture/intubation training system is used for an intubation training device, one end of an intubation tube is an insertion end, the other end of the intubation tube is connected with a first connecting end of a communication device, and a needle cylinder 303 of a register is connected with a second connecting end 332; as shown in fig. 4, when the puncture training device is used, the connection end is connected with the needle 301, the connection end two is communicated with the syringe 303, the syringe 302 is used as a propelling device, the syringe 303 is used as a plug of the propelling device, and the needle rod is used as a propelling plug 304. Of course, the pressure sensing device 701 may not be provided, and when the pressure in the syringe is not required to be detected during the operation training, for example, the pressure sensing device may not be provided in the pneumothorax puncture operation training system. As shown in fig. 3, the medium supply device 500 may be a gas supply device, a liquid supply device, or a combination of a liquid supply device and a gas supply device, and different mediums may be supplied according to the setting requirements of the case. In the case of a gas supply device, a micro air pump is preferable as the gas supply device. When the liquid supply device is a liquid supply device, the liquid supply device can be composed of a liquid container and a normally-closed electromagnetic valve, a liquid outlet of the liquid container is communicated with a pipeline 703, the normally-closed electromagnetic valve is used for controlling the on-off of the liquid container and the pipeline 703, a plurality of liquid containers can be arranged at the time, each liquid container is provided with a normally-closed electromagnetic valve, each liquid container is connected in parallel, the normally-closed electromagnetic valve is used for controlling the on-off of the corresponding liquid container and the pipeline, when the liquid pump is provided with a backflow prevention structure, the normally-open electromagnetic valve 503 is arranged on the pipeline 703, the normally-open electromagnetic valve is arranged between a needle cylinder and the normally-closed electromagnetic valve, and can be arranged between the container and the normally-closed electromagnetic valve, when the medium supply device is arranged between the container and the normally-closed electromagnetic valve, if the medium supply device comprises a plurality of liquid containers, each container is provided with a normally-open electromagnetic valve. The liquid supply device with a pump body can also be composed of a liquid container for containing liquid, a normally closed electromagnetic valve and a liquid pump, wherein the output port of the liquid container is connected with the input end of the liquid pump, the normally closed electromagnetic valve controls the on-off of the liquid container and a pipeline, the normally closed electromagnetic valve is connected with an electric controller through an electric signal, and of course, each liquid container can be provided with one liquid pump, a plurality of liquid containers can share one liquid pump, and the output end of the liquid pump is connected with the pipeline 703. Of course, the liquid supply device with the pump body can also be provided with a normally open electromagnetic valve, and the arrangement of the normally open electromagnetic valve is the same as that of the liquid supply device without the liquid pump, so that the problem is not repeated. The liquid pump is preferably a peristaltic pump. When the medium supply device 500 is formed by mixing a gas supply device and a liquid supply device, the first type is to add an air pump to the various liquid supply devices without pump bodies, and the second type is to add an air pump to the various liquid supply devices with pump bodies, and the air pump is connected to the pipeline 703. In the invention, the normally closed electromagnetic valve and the normally open electromagnetic valve are matched with the controller to control whether the liquid supply device supplies liquid to the needle cylinder or stores medium pressed out by the needle cylinder. For example, when a medium is needed to be provided for the needle cylinder, the controller controls the normally closed electromagnetic valve to be opened, liquid can be conveyed into the needle cylinder by means of negative pressure of the needle cylinder, or liquid in the needle cylinder can be conveyed into the needle cylinder under the action of the pump body, or the liquid in the needle cylinder is pressed into the liquid container under the action of the pushing plug, so that the operation of injecting the liquid into a human body is simulated. When two or more liquid containers are provided, different color liquids can be put into different liquid containers as different body fluids, and in the embodiment of the invention, yellow liquid represents effusion, red liquid represents blood, and transparent liquid represents transparent or semitransparent body fluids such as brain marrow, bone marrow and the like. The liquid pressed out of the syringe can also be recovered by using a liquid container as a waste liquid container. When the normally open electromagnetic valve 503 is arranged on the pipeline 703, the electromagnetic valve 503 is closed when the liquid is pumped out by the liquid pump in case, the liquid is pumped into the syringe by the peristaltic pump, and the normally closed electromagnetic valve can prevent the liquid path from becoming self-circulation, for example, the liquid in the liquid container is conveyed into the syringe by the pump body in arterial puncture operation. The normally open solenoid valve 503 may not be provided when the liquid pump does not have the backflow preventing structure.
The puncture/intubation training system can realize the following operation training, and of course, the two operation training operations can be combined together for use: the first type is that in the actual operation process, media such as gas, effusion and the like automatically enter the needle cylinder under the action of the pressure of the human body, for example, pneumothorax puncture operation and anal canal exhaust operation are automatically performed to form gas into the needle cylinder, arterial puncture operation, lumbar puncture operation, thoracic cavity closed drainage and catheterization are automatically performed to form liquid into the needle cylinder, and the pneumothorax puncture operation needs to automatically supply gas and liquid mixed media into the needle cylinder. The operation process is as follows: after selecting corresponding cases and inserting the needle or cannula into the correct depth and position of the operated structure, the controller starts corresponding electromagnetic valves and pump bodies in the medium supply device according to the setting of the cases in the case module, and the pump bodies input the medium from the container into the needle cylinder to realize the extraction of gas and/or effusion; the second type is that fluid needs to be drawn into the syringe during the actual surgical procedure, which is as follows: the needle or cannula is inserted into the surgical structure, the depth detection device detects the insertion depth, when the insertion depth reaches the depth of the correct position, the controller gives a prompt, the trainee withdraws the pushing plug to generate negative pressure in the syringe, the pressure sensing device gives a signal to the controller, the controller controls the normally closed electromagnetic valve of the liquid container of the medium supply device to be opened, and the liquid in the liquid container directly enters the syringe through the tube, so that the medium is supplied to the syringe, and the operations such as nasal feeding, clysis, gastric lavage and the like belong to the category. The third type is the foregoing, and simulates the syringe to input liquid into the human body, and the liquid in the syringe is output from the syringe into the liquid container under the pressure action of the pushing plug, so as to simulate the penetration of liquid into the human body.
As shown in FIG. 5, the present invention preferably employs a human tissue-like module 400 as the subject structure and depth detection means, which comprises a human tissue-like body 411 as the subject structure, wherein a common layer 411 and at least one detection layer are provided inside the human tissue-like body 411 from outside to inside, each detection layer being separated by human tissue-like. The detection layers arranged in the common layer are first detection layers, which are commonly called needle insertion detection layers 401, and the needle insertion action is perceived by the needle insertion detection layers, and the specific number of the detection layers is different according to different cases and different operation program settings. For example, according to different operation program requirements, a second detection layer 402 may be disposed on the inner side of the first detection layer, that is, the needle insertion detection layer 401, as a needle insertion position error indication layer for indicating a needle insertion position error, a third detection layer 403 may be disposed on the inner side of the second detection layer, as a needle insertion position correct indication layer, for indicating that the head needle has reached a proper needle insertion depth and position, and a fourth detection layer 404 may be disposed in the third detection layer, for indicating that the needle insertion depth has reached an inner limit of the needle insertion correct position, that is, the third detection layer 403 and the fourth detection layer 405 define a shallowest depth and a deepest depth of the needle insertion depth, and a fifth detection layer 405 may be disposed in the fourth detection layer, for indicating that the needle insertion depth is too deep, which may generate bad results. Different meanings can be set for each detection layer, and when the detection layer is reached, the controller controls the medium supply system to perform corresponding operation, such as sending a prompt, recording, controlling the on-off of the electromagnetic valve of the medium supply system, and controlling the action of the pump body, thereby realizing a set operation program. The detection layer can be a conductive layer made of conductive materials, can also be a pressure sensing layer made of pressure sensing devices, can also be a sensing layer provided with a temperature sensor, and can be different according to different tools used during puncture, for example, when a metal is used for puncture training by a syringe of a needle, the detection layer can be a conductive layer made of conductive materials, can also be a pressure sensing layer made of pressure sensing devices, and when the needle is a heated needle, the detection layer can be a temperature sensing layer made of the temperature sensing devices. The detection layer is connected with the controller through an electric signal. Only when the detection layer is a conductive layer made of a conductive material, a common layer is provided to form a loop with other detection layers.
The following description will be given by taking the training of the pneumothorax puncture as an example. A human tissue-like module is used as the operated structure. As shown in fig. 3 and 6, when the needle is inserted into the body of the human tissue-like body and is first communicated with the common layer 410, the needle is inserted into the needle insertion detection layer, namely the first detection layer, the needle is communicated with the needle insertion detection layer and the common layer to form a loop, an electric signal is sent to the controller 702, the controller prompts that the needle insertion operation is performed, if the needle is communicated with the second detection layer, namely the needle insertion position error prompting layer 428, the second detection layer, the first detection layer and the common layer are communicated with the needle, the electric signal is sent to the controller, the controller sends out a needle insertion position error prompting to indicate that the needle insertion is performed, the needle insertion position is required to be adjusted, the needle is inserted again, the second detection layer is not touched, the needle is inserted into the needle continuously, and the third detection layer, namely the needle insertion position error prompting layer 429 is communicated, the third detection layer, the second detection layer, the needle inlet layer and the public layer are all communicated with the needle head and send signals to the controller, the controller sends a prompt that the pleural layer 425 is reached, the prompt can be used for carrying out liquid pumping operation, the pushing plug is withdrawn at the moment, negative pressure is formed in the needle cylinder, the pressure sensing device 701 senses the negative pressure and sends signals to the controller, the controller controls the normally closed electromagnetic valve II to open yellow liquid and directly convey the yellow liquid to the needle cylinder from the liquid container II, the action of extracting the chest liquid is simulated, if the needle head enters the third detection layer, the pushing plug is not withdrawn, but continues to penetrate the fourth detection layer, namely the pleural layer, to enter the pleural cavity 426, the pushing plug is withdrawn at the moment, the controller controls the normally closed electromagnetic valve II to open again, the yellow liquid in the liquid container II enters the needle cylinder under the action of the negative pressure, if the needle head does not withdraw the pushing plug after entering the fourth detection layer, and the puncture is continued inwards, when the puncture is close to or reaches the inner layer of the pleural cavity, the puncture is conducted with the fifth detection layer, namely the puncture deep layer, a puncture deep signal is sent to the controller, and the controller sends out a puncture deep prompt to give an alarm. Of course, in performing puncture such as spinal puncture and thoracocentesis, anesthesia needs to be performed on a human body, adjustment needs to be performed on a case program, and whether or not to perform anesthesia operation judgment is set, when a needle head enters a needle insertion detection layer, whether or not anesthesia injection operation is performed is judged, at this time, a push plug is pushed forward, pressure in a needle cylinder rises, a pressure sensing device 701 sends a signal to a controller, an action of injecting a anesthetic is detected, the controller sends a signal to wait for second needle insertion, the second detection layer is pierced, the operation flow is continued, if the previous operation flow is not detected, the push plug is not withdrawn after the needle is pierced into the needle insertion layer, the pressure sensor does not detect pressure change, and therefore, the controller gives a prompt that anesthesia operation is not performed, and waits for second needle insertion. An example of the workflow is shown in fig. 7. Some puncture operations are simpler, such as vascular puncture operations, and only the common layer and the vascular wall layer are needed.
In the invention, the controller controls the corresponding pump body and the electromagnetic valve to work according to different cases, so that different mediums are conveyed into the needle cylinder, one liquid medium and one gas medium can be simultaneously input, two or more liquid mediums and gas mediums can also be simultaneously input, and different operation processes and results can be experienced for different operation steps according to the same cases. For example, in the process of the heart-cell puncture training operation, the same heart-cell puncture operation is performed, because the actual operation of the trainee is different, experience and result are different, for example, when the needle is pricked to the correct depth, the pushing plug is withdrawn, so that negative pressure is formed in the syringe, the pressure sensor detects the negative pressure during suction, the suction operation is considered to be performed, the normally closed electromagnetic valve II 526 is opened, at the moment, yellow liquid is withdrawn from the liquid container II and enters the syringe, when the pricking depth of the needle exceeds the specified depth, the controller controls the normally closed switch to be opened, the liquid container III supplies red liquid through the liquid pump, and the red liquid enters the syringe. Under the same suction action, the medium supply device is controlled by the controller according to the setting of the case, for example, when the needle reaches the correct position during thoracocentesis training, the needle reaches the pleural layer, the suction action is not performed yet, the puncture is continued, the insertion depth of the needle is over the head, and the controller gives an alarm; when the arterial puncture is carried out, as the blood pressure in the artery is very high and suction is not needed, the needle cylinder can be automatically jacked up by the artery, the pushing plug can automatically retreat, the blood can automatically enter the needle cylinder, and the case procedure can suck body fluid according to the following method: after the controller receives the signal that the needle reaches the designated depth, the controller controls the liquid pump and the normally-closed electromagnetic valve III to be opened, so that the liquid pump, the liquid container III and the needle cylinder are communicated, red liquid is pumped into the needle cylinder, the process that blood automatically enters the needle cylinder is simulated, preferably, a peristaltic pump is adopted as the liquid pump, the peristaltic pump simulates arterial pressure, the blood is conveyed into the needle cylinder, and the peristaltic pump can simulate the blood supply action of the heart, when the heart puncture is carried out, the peristaltic pump simulates the blood supply action of the heart, the controller controls the peristaltic pump and the corresponding electromagnetic valve action, and the red liquid serving as simulated blood enters the needle cylinder under the action of the peristaltic pump; when pneumothorax puncture is carried out, the pressure of pneumothorax is very big, can push back the propulsion plug of cylinder, and gas can enter into in the cylinder, when adopting this device to carry out pneumothorax puncture operation training, carries out the acupuncture operation training according to following method: when the controller receives the signal that the needle reaches the correct depth, the controller controls the air pump to be started, and air is input into the needle cylinder to simulate the action of air entering the needle cylinder in pneumothorax puncture. When lumbar puncture is performed, transparent liquid is used as cerebrospinal fluid to provide medium. During a endocardial procedure, the frequency action of the heart rate is simulated with a fluid pump to simulate the beating of the heart.
In practical puncture and intubation, such as arterial puncture, the needle tube reaches the correct puncture position and the pushing plug is automatically withdrawn under the action of arterial pressure. The specific scene is that the case is set as arterial puncture, when the controller receives a signal that the needle is pricked to the correct depth, the controller starts a liquid pump, the liquid pump supplies liquid into a syringe, and red liquid is arranged in a liquid container as blood in order to simulate the real scene.
For example, when performing a gastric intubation operation, it is necessary to insert a tube into the stomach through the mouth, suck out the stomach material, and when the controller detects a signal indicating that the insertion depth is correct, the operator withdraws the push plug, and negative pressure is generated in the syringe, thereby sucking out the stomach material.
In summary, the puncture cannula training system of the present invention can be used for various cases of puncture and cannula procedures. When in use, the medium providing device can be controlled by the controller to provide different mediums according to different cases and training purposes only by selecting the corresponding operation structure and the depth detection device and inputting different cases into the medium control device.
Preferably, the first liquid container 521, the second liquid container 522 and the third liquid container 523 are commonly connected with an exhaust end 529, a fourth normally-closed electromagnetic valve 528 is arranged on the exhaust end, and the fourth normally-closed electromagnetic valve 528 is electrically connected with the controller 702, so that the controller 702 can control the fourth normally-closed electromagnetic valve 528 to be opened, so that the gas in the first liquid container 521, the second liquid container 522 and the third liquid container 523 is discharged from the exhaust end, and the liquid in the first liquid container 521, the second liquid container 522 and the third liquid container 523 can flow out conveniently. Preferably, the pressure sensing device 701 is a pressure sensor, and the pressure sensor can accurately detect whether the syringe 302 is positive or negative.
When being used for thorn teaching, in order to increase the sense of realism of teaching experience, imitative human tissue body 411 can set up skin layer 420, fat layer 421, muscle layer 422, pleural layer 425 and pleural cavity 426, public layer 410 and as first detection layer advance needle detection layer 401 all set up in skin layer 420, public layer 410 is located the outside of advancing needle detection layer 430, keep apart by the skin between the two, the second detection layer is as advancing needle position mistake and advance needle position mistake suggestion layer 428 and be located fat layer 421, the third detection layer 413 is as advancing needle position mistake suggestion layer 429, be located between fat layer 421 and muscle layer 422, the muscle layer 422 inboard is pleural cavity 426, have pleural layer 425 between muscle layer 422 and the pleural cavity 426, pleural layer 425 is the fourth detection layer, set up the fifth detection layer and advance needle penetration deep 427 and advance the depth as the puncture in the pleural cavity.
The human tissue-like body 411 according to the present invention can be used in different puncture training, and is provided with corresponding structures according to different puncture sites, but the structures of the skin layer, the fat layer and the muscle layer are basically unchanged, so that for convenience of description, the structures such as pleural cavity, vertebra and the like located inside the muscle layer are collectively called as a puncture target organ, and the organ wall is called as a puncture target organ wall layer.
Claims (14)
1. Puncture/intubate training system, its characterized in that: the device comprises an operation structure, a depth detection device, a medium supply system (50), an operation device (300) and a controller (702), wherein the operation device comprises a syringe and a needling/inserting device which are composed of a syringe and a pushing plug, a case module is arranged in the controller, the needling/inserting device performs a puncturing/inserting operation on the operation structure, the depth detection device detects the depth of the puncturing/inserting tube and feeds back to the controller, and the controller guides liquid medium or/and gas medium which is blood or effusion into the syringe according to a case program arranged by the case module and/or the puncturing/inserting tube depth control medium supply system detected by the depth detection device;
the negative pressure is formed in the needle cylinder through the back suction of the pushing plug in the needle cylinder, the pressure in the needle cylinder is sensed by the pressure sensing device, when the pressure in the needle cylinder is the negative pressure, the pressure sensing device transmits a signal to the controller, the controller controls the medium supply device to input a medium into the needle cylinder, and the operation of extracting the medium from the needle cylinder and the needle head through the back suction pushing plug is simulated;
the case procedure was set up as follows: according to different cases, whether the mode of simulating diversion body fluid is to actively provide media or passively provide media is set, when the media type is actively provided, when the depth detection device prompts that the specified depth is reached, the controller controls the media supply device to convey the media into the needle cylinder; when the medium supply type is set to be the passive medium supply type, after the controller receives a signal that the pressure in the syringe is negative pressure, the controller controls the output end of the medium supply device to be opened, and the medium in the container flows into the syringe under the action of the syringe negative pressure.
2. The puncture/cannula training system of claim 1, further comprising: the medium supply system (50) comprises a communication device (330) and a medium supply device (500), wherein the communication device comprises a first connecting end, a second connecting end and a third connecting end, at least the third connecting end is communicated with the second connecting end, the third connecting end is positioned between the second connecting end and the first connecting end, the first output end of the medium supply device (500) is communicated with the third connecting end of the communication device (303) through a pipeline (703), the needle cylinder is communicated with the second connecting end, the needling/inserting device is connected with the first connecting end, and the controller (702) controls the medium supply device (500) to supply the medium.
3. The puncture/cannula training system of claim 2, further comprising: the medium supply device (500) is an air pump, an air outlet end (529) of the air pump (501) is connected with an inlet end of the pipeline (703), and the air pump is electrically connected with the controller.
4. The puncture/cannula training system of claim 2, further comprising: the medium supply device (500) is a liquid supply device, the liquid supply device comprises at least one liquid container, liquid is arranged in the liquid container, each liquid container is communicated with the needle cylinder through a pipeline (703), a normally closed electromagnetic valve is arranged at the liquid outlet end of each container, the normally closed electromagnetic valve is electrically connected with the controller, and the controller controls the normally closed electromagnetic valve to be opened and closed according to a case program.
5. The puncture/cannula training system of claim 4, further comprising: the liquid container also comprises a liquid pump, wherein the liquid pump is electrically connected with the controller, and when the normally closed electromagnetic valve is opened, liquid in the liquid container can be supplied into the pipeline (703) through the liquid pump (524) and is electrically connected with the controller through the liquid pump.
6. The puncture/cannula training system of claim 2, further comprising: the medium supply device (500) comprises a gas supply device and a liquid supply device, the gas supply device is an air pump, an air outlet end (529) of the air pump (501) is connected with an inlet end of a pipeline (703), the liquid supply device comprises a liquid pump and at least one liquid container, liquid is arranged in the liquid container, a normally closed electromagnetic valve is respectively arranged at a liquid outlet end of each liquid container, the normally closed electromagnetic valve, the liquid pump and the air pump are respectively connected with a controller through electric signals, and the liquid in the liquid container is supplied into the pipeline (703) under the power action of the liquid pump (524).
7. The puncture/cannula training system of claim 2, further comprising: the medium supply system further comprises a pressure sensing device (701), wherein the pressure sensing device (701) is arranged on a pipeline (703) between the communication device (303) and the medium supply device (500), and the pressure sensing device (701) is electrically connected with the controller.
8. The puncture/cannula training system of claim 1, further comprising: the described structure is a humanoid tissue body, the described depth detection device includes public layer made of conductive material and detection layer, the described detection layer is at least one layer, the described public layer and detection layer are electrically connected with controller, every layer of detection layer is distributed inwards from outside of humanoid tissue body, between the public layer and detection layer the humanoid tissue body is insulated, and the public layer and detection layer can be electrically connected with insertion device.
9. The puncture/cannula training system of claim 8, further comprising: the human tissue imitation body is composed of a skin layer, a fat layer, a muscle layer and a puncture imitation target organ layer in sequence, ribs are arranged in the muscle layer, a needle insertion detection layer, a position error prompting layer, a position correct prompting layer, a pleura layer and a puncture overstrain prompting layer are arranged on the human tissue imitation body, the needle insertion detection layer is positioned between the skin layer and the fat layer, the needle insertion position correct prompting layer is positioned between the fat layer and the muscle layer, the needle insertion position error prompting layer is positioned between the needle insertion detection layer and the position correct prompting layer and is arranged opposite to the ribs, the pleura wall layer is positioned inside the muscle layer and between the puncture imitation target organ layers, and the puncture overstrain prompting layer is arranged inside the puncture imitation target organ layer.
10. The puncture/intubation medical teaching simulation training method is characterized in that a case is set in a controller, a corresponding case is selected, and a medium supply device is set by the controller according to a case program to output a medium into a needle cylinder so as to simulate the operation of draining body fluid in puncture/intubation; or receiving the medium pressed out of the syringe to simulate the operation of introducing the medium into the target organ of the human body; the negative pressure is formed in the needle cylinder through the back suction of the pushing plug in the needle cylinder, the pressure in the needle cylinder is sensed by the pressure sensing device, when the pressure in the needle cylinder is the negative pressure, the pressure sensing device transmits a signal to the controller, the controller controls the medium supply device to input a medium into the needle cylinder, and the operation of extracting the medium from the needle cylinder and the needle head through the back suction pushing plug is simulated; the case procedure was set up as follows: according to different cases, whether the mode of simulating diversion body fluid is to actively provide media or passively provide media is set, when the media type is actively provided, when the depth detection device prompts that the specified depth is reached, the controller controls the media supply device to convey the media into the needle cylinder; when the medium supply type is set to be the passive medium supply type, after the controller receives a signal that the pressure in the syringe is negative pressure, the controller controls the output end of the medium supply device to be opened, and the medium in the container flows into the syringe under the action of the syringe negative pressure.
11. The method of claim 10, wherein the controller controls the medium supply device to supply different color and/or different state mediums and/or send different prompt information to simulate the operation of sucking out different mediums when penetrating into different depths according to the received different depths of the needle/cannula.
12. The method of claim 10, wherein the pressure sensor detects the pressure in the cylinder, and when negative pressure is formed in the cylinder, the controller determines that the anesthesia operation is performed, and if no pressure change is detected, the controller sends out an anesthesia error prompt.
13. The method for teaching, simulation and training of puncture/cannula medicine according to claim 10, wherein the depth and/or position of insertion of the device is detected by arranging detection layers in the structure to be treated, meaning represented by each detection layer is preset, operation procedures of different detection layers are set according to different puncture/cannula operations in epilepsy cases, the detection layers for sucking out medium operation and the way of sucking out medium are set, and after the controller obtains a signal that the insertion depth of the device reaches the layer, the controller prompts corresponding information and/or controls the medium supply device to supply medium to the syringe according to the set operation procedures, or the syringe guides medium into a container of the medium supply device and/or records the medium.
14. A puncture/cannula medical teaching simulation training method according to claim 11, characterized in that the puncture/cannula medical teaching simulation training is performed by using the puncture/cannula training system according to any one of claims 1 to 9.
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