CN107861560A - Suitable for the MPPT algorithm of engineer applied - Google Patents

Suitable for the MPPT algorithm of engineer applied Download PDF

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Publication number
CN107861560A
CN107861560A CN201710829143.7A CN201710829143A CN107861560A CN 107861560 A CN107861560 A CN 107861560A CN 201710829143 A CN201710829143 A CN 201710829143A CN 107861560 A CN107861560 A CN 107861560A
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detp
ref
mppt
photovoltaic array
array output
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赵常明
林锥
杨红红
高兰田
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BEIJING JINGYI RENEWABLE ENERGY ENGINEERING CO LTD
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BEIJING JINGYI RENEWABLE ENERGY ENGINEERING CO LTD
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
    • G05F—SYSTEMS FOR REGULATING ELECTRIC OR MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G05F1/00—Automatic systems in which deviations of an electric quantity from one or more predetermined values are detected at the output of the system and fed back to a device within the system to restore the detected quantity to its predetermined value or values, i.e. retroactive systems
    • G05F1/66—Regulating electric power
    • G05F1/67—Regulating electric power to the maximum power available from a generator, e.g. from solar cell
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06Q—INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES; SYSTEMS OR METHODS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G06Q10/00—Administration; Management
    • G06Q10/06—Resources, workflows, human or project management; Enterprise or organisation planning; Enterprise or organisation modelling
    • G06Q10/063—Operations research, analysis or management
    • G06Q10/0639—Performance analysis of employees; Performance analysis of enterprise or organisation operations
    • G06Q10/06393—Score-carding, benchmarking or key performance indicator [KPI] analysis
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06Q—INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES; SYSTEMS OR METHODS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G06Q50/00—Systems or methods specially adapted for specific business sectors, e.g. utilities or tourism
    • G06Q50/06—Electricity, gas or water supply
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
    • Y02E10/56—Power conversion systems, e.g. maximum power point trackers
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E40/00—Technologies for an efficient electrical power generation, transmission or distribution
    • Y02E40/70—Smart grids as climate change mitigation technology in the energy generation sector
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y04—INFORMATION OR COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES HAVING AN IMPACT ON OTHER TECHNOLOGY AREAS
    • Y04S—SYSTEMS INTEGRATING TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO POWER NETWORK OPERATION, COMMUNICATION OR INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES FOR IMPROVING THE ELECTRICAL POWER GENERATION, TRANSMISSION, DISTRIBUTION, MANAGEMENT OR USAGE, i.e. SMART GRIDS
    • Y04S10/00—Systems supporting electrical power generation, transmission or distribution
    • Y04S10/50—Systems or methods supporting the power network operation or management, involving a certain degree of interaction with the load-side end user applications

Abstract

The present invention relates to a kind of MPPT algorithm suitable for engineer applied, solve in the photovoltaic system application environment of complexity, disturbance by mistake can cause occur multiple maximum points on PV curves, the problem of so as to reduce MPPT accuracy；MPPT algorithm of the present invention suitable for engineer applied, strong antijamming capability, substantially increase the accuracy of tracking.The key problem in technology point and point to be protected of the present invention：Using segmentation MPPT, existing any MPPT methods can be used on every section, so as to realize more accurate MPPT controls.

Description

Suitable for the MPPT algorithm of engineer applied
Technical field
It is specifically a kind of suitable for engineer applied the present invention relates to photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter maximal power tracing control field MPPT algorithm.
Background technology
In recent years, as the developing rapidly of photovoltaic industry, photovoltaic market installed capacity increase considerably, people are to photovoltaic The property indices of electricity generation system propose requirements at the higher level.The delivery efficiency of photovoltaic generating system is wherein improved, is always big The target that family is pursued.Maximal power tracing (MPPT) efficiency of photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter, it is to influence photovoltaic generating system delivery efficiency Key factor.At present, a variety of MPPT control strategies are had been presented for both at home and abroad.Such as conventional constant voltage process, disturbance method of addition, lead Receive method of addition and the incremental conductance method based on gradient variable step etc..In the case of illumination is metastable, the above method can be in Now preferable tracking performance.It is changeable due to photovoltaic system application environment, such as cross cloud, neighbouring thing blocks, cause illumination quickly to become , it is necessary to which photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter has quickly during change, accurate tracking performance, and the above method is under this dynamic illumination environment, easily Occur disturbing by mistake.Therefore, the dynamic MPPT of photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter tracking performance also turns into the important finger of evaluation photovoltaic generating system Mark.EN 50530 as in April, 2010 announces is exactly for measure dynamic MPPT performances, the song of one group of illumination simulation change of design Line.
Document [1] proposes a kind of dP-P＆O methods, under certain condition, passes through changed power caused by MPPT is controlled With illumination variation caused by changed power distinguish, with judicious tracking direction, overcome traditional MPPT control strategies Deficiency.On the basis of this principle, document [2] adds the Hysteresis control to changed power, avoids the work of photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter Point is swung near MPPT points.Document [3] demonstrates the good control performance of this method by emulation and experiment.In actual work In Cheng Yingyong, because change of the photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter by factors such as intensity of illumination, temperature and sampling precision, control accuracy limit System, the accurate performance of MPPT tracking can have a greatly reduced quality.
Most basic MPPT control method is disturbance method of addition in currently available technology, utilizes this power output and last time Power output compares, if difference is more than zero, keeps former perturbation direction；If difference is less than zero, change perturbation direction.Such a method Under dynamic illumination environment, easily cause and disturb by mistake.
The content of the invention
For defect present in prior art, it is an object of the invention to provide a kind of MPPT suitable for engineer applied Algorithm, solving in the photovoltaic system application environment of complexity, disturbance by mistake can cause occur multiple maximum points on PV curves, so as to The problem of reducing MPPT accuracy.
To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the technical scheme that：
A kind of MPPT algorithm suitable for engineer applied, comprise the following steps：
1) according to actual inverter system, by photovoltaic array output voltage range [Udown, Uup] it is divided into three section models Enclose：[Udown, U1]、[U1, U2] and [U2, Uup], photovoltaic array output voltage command value is Uref(k), disturbance step-length is set to DetUx, the perturbation direction of photovoltaic array output voltage command value are set to A, A=1；
2) MPPT, timing time T are first entered intoSThe timing since 0, works as TS[0, T1] in time range, photovoltaic array Output voltage is in [U2, Uup] in voltage range, current photovoltaic array output current I is detected in real time1(k) and photovoltaic array output is electric Press U1(k) power output P, is then calculated1(k), MPPT power differences detP twice in succession1And detP (k)1(k-1)；Count afterwards Calculate detP1And detP (k-1)1(k) difference, if result of calculation is more than 0, A=1*A, Uref(k)=Uref(k-1)+A* DetUx, Uref(k) former perturbation direction is kept；If result of calculation is less than 0, A=-1*A, Uref(k)=Uref(k-1)+A* DetUx, Uref(k) perturbation direction is changed；The peak power tracked is Pmax1；
3) T is worked asSIn [T1, T2] in time range, photovoltaic array output voltage is in [U1, U2] in voltage range, detection in real time Current photovoltaic array output current I2And photovoltaic array output voltage U (k)2(k) power output P, is then calculated2(k), continuous two Secondary MPPT power differences detP2And detP (k)2(k-1)；DetP is calculated afterwards2And detP (k-1)2(k) difference, if calculating As a result it is more than 0, then A=1*A, Uref(k)=Uref(k-1)+A*detUx, Uref(k) former perturbation direction is kept；If result of calculation is small In 0, then A=-1*A, Uref(k)=Uref(k-1)+A*detUx, Uref(k) perturbation direction is changed；The peak power tracked is Pmax2；
4) T is worked asSIn [T2, T3] in time range, photovoltaic array output voltage is in [Udown, U1] in voltage range, inspection in real time Survey current photovoltaic array output current I3And photovoltaic array output voltage U (k)3(k) power output P, is then calculated3(k) it is, continuous MPPT power differences detP twice3And detP (k)3(k-1)；DetP is calculated afterwards3And detP (k-1)3(k) difference, if meter Calculate result and be more than 0, then A=1*A, Uref(k)=Uref(k-1)+A*detUx, Uref(k) former perturbation direction is kept；If result of calculation Less than 0, then A=-1*A, Uref(k)=Uref(k-1)+A*detUx, Uref(k) perturbation direction is changed；The peak power tracked For Pmax3；
5) T is worked asSIn [T3, T4] in time range, compare Pmax1、Pmax2、Pmax3Size, if Pmax1>Pmax2And Pmax1> Pmax3, then in [U2, Uup] the interior progress MPPT of voltage range；If Pmax2>Pmax1And Pmax2>Pmax3, then in [U1, U2] voltage range Interior carry out MPPT；If Pmax3>Pmax1And Pmax3>Pmax2, then in [Udown, U1] the interior progress MPPT of voltage range；Time terminates weight It is new to start timing.
On the basis of such scheme, power output P in step 2)1(k) calculation formula is as follows：
P1(k)=U1(k)*I1(k) (1)
detP1(k) calculation formula is as follows：
detP1(k)=P1(k)-P1(k-1) (2)
detP1(k-1) calculation formula is as follows：
detP1(k-1)=P1(k-1)-P1(k-2) (3)。
On the basis of such scheme, power output P in step 3)2(k) calculation formula is as follows：
P2(k)=U2(k)*I2(k) (4)
detP2(k) calculation formula is as follows：
detP2(k)=P2(k)-P2(k-1) (5)
detP2(k-1) calculation formula is as follows：
detP2(k-1)=P2(k-1)-P2(k-2) (6)。
On the basis of such scheme, power output P in step 4)3(k) calculation formula is as follows：
P3(k)=U3(k)*I3(k) (7)
detP3(k) calculation formula is as follows：
detP3(k)=P3(k)-P3(k-1) (8)
detP3(k-1) calculation formula is as follows：
detP3(k-1)=P3(k-1)-P3(k-2) (9)。
MPPT algorithm of the present invention suitable for engineer applied, strong antijamming capability, substantially increase the standard of tracking True property.
Brief description of the drawings
The present invention has drawings described below：
The control flow chart of Fig. 1 present invention.
Embodiment
The present invention is described in further detail below in conjunction with accompanying drawing.
As shown in figure 1, the MPPT algorithm of the present invention suitable for engineer applied, comprises the following steps：
1) according to actual inverter system, by photovoltaic array output voltage range [Udown, Uup] it is divided into three section models Enclose：[Udown, U1]、[U1, U2]、[U2, Uup]；Photovoltaic array output voltage command value is Uref(k), disturbance step-length is set to detUx, The perturbation direction of photovoltaic array output voltage command value is set to A, A=1；
2) MPPT, timing time T are first entered intoSThe timing since 0, works as TS[0, T1] in time range, photovoltaic array Output voltage is in [U2, Uup] in voltage range, current photovoltaic array output current I is detected in real time1(k) and photovoltaic array output is electric Press U1(k) power output P, is then calculated1(k), MPPT power differences detP twice in succession1And detP (k)1(k-1)；Count afterwards Calculate detP1And detP (k-1)1(k) difference, if result of calculation is more than 0, A=1*A, Uref(k)=Uref(k-1)+A* DetUx, Uref(k) former perturbation direction is kept；If result of calculation is less than 0, A=-1*A, Uref(k)=Uref(k-1)+A* DetUx, Uref(k) perturbation direction is changed；The peak power tracked is Pmax1；
3) T is worked asSIn [T1, T2] in time range, photovoltaic array output voltage is in [U1, U2] in voltage range, detection in real time Current photovoltaic array output current I2And photovoltaic array output voltage U (k)2(k) power output P, is then calculated2(k), continuous two Secondary MPPT power differences detP2And detP (k)2(k-1)；DetP is calculated afterwards2And detP (k-1)2(k) difference, if calculating As a result it is more than 0, then A=1*A, Uref(k)=Uref(k-1)+A*detUx, Uref(k) former perturbation direction is kept；If result of calculation is small In 0, then A=-1*A, Uref(k)=Uref(k-1)+A*detUx, Uref(k) perturbation direction is changed；The peak power tracked is Pmax2；
4) T is worked asSIn [T2, T3] in time range, photovoltaic array output voltage is in [Udown, U1] in voltage range, inspection in real time Survey current photovoltaic array output current I3And photovoltaic array output voltage U (k)3(k) power output P, is then calculated3(k) it is, continuous MPPT power differences detP twice3And detP (k)3(k-1)；DetP is calculated afterwards3And detP (k-1)3(k) difference, if meter Calculate result and be more than 0, then A=1*A, Uref(k)=Uref(k-1)+A*detUx, Uref(k) former perturbation direction is kept；If result of calculation Less than 0, then A=-1*A, Uref(k)=Uref(k-1)+A*detUx, Uref(k) perturbation direction is changed；The peak power tracked For Pmax3；
5) T is worked asSIn [T3, T4] in the time, compare Pmax1、Pmax2、Pmax3Size, if Pmax1>Pmax2And Pmax1> Pmax3, in [U2, Uup] the interior progress MPPT of voltage range；If Pmax2>Pmax1And Pmax2>Pmax3, in [U1, U2] in voltage range Carry out MPPT；If Pmax3>Pmax1And Pmax3>Pmax2, in [Udown, U1] the interior progress MPPT of voltage range；Time terminates to open again Beginning timing.
On the basis of such scheme, power output P in step 2)1(k) calculation formula is as follows：
P1(k)=U1(k)*I1(k) (1)
detP1(k) calculation formula is as follows：
detP1(k)=P1(k)-P1(k-1) (2)
detP1(k-1) calculation formula is as follows：
detP1(k-1)=P1(k-1)-P1(k-2) (3)。
On the basis of such scheme, power output P in step 3)2(k) calculation formula is as follows：
P2(k)=U2(k)*I2(k) (4)
detP2(k) calculation formula is as follows：
detP2(k)=P2(k)-P2(k-1) (5)
detP2(k-1) calculation formula is as follows：
detP2(k-1)=P2(k-1)-P2(k-2) (6)。
On the basis of such scheme, power output P in step 4)3(k) calculation formula is as follows：
P3(k)=U3(k)*I3(k) (7)
detP3(k) calculation formula is as follows：
detP3(k)=P3(k)-P3(k-1) (8)
detP3(k-1) calculation formula is as follows：
detP3(k-1)=P3(k-1)-P3(k-2) (9)。
The key problem in technology point and point to be protected of the present invention：
Using segmentation MPPT, existing any MPPT methods can be used on every section, so as to realize more accurate MPPT Control.
The content not being described in detail in this specification belongs to prior art known to professional and technical personnel in the field.
Annex：
Bibliography (such as patent/paper/standard)
Document 1：D.Sera,R.Teodorescu,J.Hantschel,and M.Knoll, Optimized maximum power point tracker for fast-changing environmental conditions,IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics, vol.55,pp.2629-2637,2008.
Document 2：Nicola Femia,Giovanni Petrone,Giovanni Spagnuolo,et a1. Optimization of Peturb and Observe Maximum Power Point Tracking Method[J] .IEEE Trans.on Power Electronics,2005,2O(4)：963—973.
Document 3：The com-parison and analysis of several photovoltaic system MPPT methods of Xu Pengwei, Liu Fei, Liu Bangyin, Duan Shanxu and improvement [J] Power Electronic Technique, 2007 (4)；415-416.

Claims (4)

1. a kind of MPPT algorithm suitable for engineer applied, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps：
1) according to actual inverter system, by photovoltaic array output voltage range [Udown, Uup] it is divided into three interval ranges： [Udown, U1]、[U1, U2] and [U2, Uup], photovoltaic array output voltage command value is Uref(k), disturbance step-length is set to detUx, light The perturbation direction of photovoltaic array output voltage command value is set to A, A=1；
2) MPPT, timing time T are first entered intoSThe timing since 0, works as TS[0, T1] in time range, photovoltaic array output electricity It is pressed in [U2, Uup] in voltage range, current photovoltaic array output current I is detected in real time1And photovoltaic array output voltage U (k)1 (k) power output P, is then calculated1(k), MPPT power differences detP twice in succession1And detP (k)1(k-1)；Calculate afterwards detP1And detP (k-1)1(k) difference, if result of calculation is more than 0, A=1*A, Uref(k)=Uref(k-1)+A*detUx, Uref(k) former perturbation direction is kept；If result of calculation is less than 0, A=-1*A, Uref(k)=Uref(k-1)+A*detUx, Uref (k) perturbation direction is changed；The peak power tracked is Pmax1；
3) T is worked asSIn [T1, T2] in time range, photovoltaic array output voltage is in [U1, U2] in voltage range, detection is current in real time Photovoltaic array output current I2And photovoltaic array output voltage U (k)2(k) power output P, is then calculated2(k), twice in succession MPPT power differences detP2And detP (k)2(k-1)；DetP is calculated afterwards2And detP (k-1)2(k) difference, if result of calculation More than 0, then A=1*A, Uref(k)=Uref(k-1)+A*detUx, Uref(k) former perturbation direction is kept；If result of calculation is less than 0, Then A=-1*A, Uref(k)=Uref(k-1)+A*detUx, Uref(k) perturbation direction is changed；The peak power tracked is Pmax2；
4) T is worked asSIn [T2, T3] in time range, photovoltaic array output voltage is in [Udown, U1] in voltage range, detection in real time is worked as Preceding photovoltaic array output current I3And photovoltaic array output voltage U (k)3(k) power output P, is then calculated3(k), twice in succession MPPT power differences detP3And detP (k)3(k-1)；DetP is calculated afterwards3And detP (k-1)3(k) difference, if result of calculation More than 0, then A=1*A, Uref(k)=Uref(k-1)+A*detUx, Uref(k) former perturbation direction is kept；If result of calculation is less than 0, Then A=-1*A, Uref(k)=Uref(k-1)+A*detUx, Uref(k) perturbation direction is changed；The peak power tracked is Pmax3；
5) T is worked asSIn [T3, T4] in time range, compare Pmax1、Pmax2、Pmax3Size, if Pmax1>Pmax2And Pmax1>Pmax3, Then in [U2, Uup] the interior progress MPPT of voltage range；If Pmax2>Pmax1And Pmax2>Pmax3, then in [U1, U2] enter in voltage range Row MPPT；If Pmax3>Pmax1And Pmax3>Pmax2, then in [Udown, U1] the interior progress MPPT of voltage range；Time terminates to open again Beginning timing.
2. it is applied to the MPPT algorithm of engineer applied as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that power output P in step 2)1 (k) calculation formula is as follows：
P1(k)=U1(k)*I1(k) (1)
detP1(k) calculation formula is as follows：
detP1(k)=P1(k)-P1(k-1) (2)
detP1(k-1) calculation formula is as follows：
detP1(k-1)=P1(k-1)-P1(k-2) (3)。
3. it is applied to the MPPT algorithm of engineer applied as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that power output P in step 3)2 (k) calculation formula is as follows：
P2(k)=U2(k)*I2(k) (4)
detP2(k) calculation formula is as follows：
detP2(k)=P2(k)-P2(k-1) (5)
detP2(k-1) calculation formula is as follows：
detP2(k-1)=P2(k-1)-P2(k-2) (6)。
4. it is applied to the MPPT algorithm of engineer applied as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that power output P in step 4)3 (k) calculation formula is as follows：
P3(k)=U3(k)*I3(k) (7)
detP3(k) calculation formula is as follows：
detP3(k)=P3(k)-P3(k-1) (8)
detP3(k-1) calculation formula is as follows：
detP3(k-1)=P3(k-1)-P3(k-2) (9)。
CN201710829143.7A 2017-09-14 2017-09-14 Suitable for the MPPT algorithm of engineer applied Pending CN107861560A (en)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
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CN105259971A (en) * 2015-11-26 2016-01-20 北京京仪绿能电力系统工程有限公司 Optimized MPPT algorithm
CN103995560B (en) * 2014-05-26 2017-03-22 东南大学 Photovoltaic array multi-peak maximum power point tracking method
CN106846436A (en) * 2017-02-21 2017-06-13 中国计量大学 A kind of tandem photovoltaic component multimodal P U curve demarcation interval methods

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN104578134A (en) * 2013-10-12 2015-04-29 南京南瑞继保电气有限公司 Tracking method and tracking system for maximum power point
CN103995560B (en) * 2014-05-26 2017-03-22 东南大学 Photovoltaic array multi-peak maximum power point tracking method
CN105259971A (en) * 2015-11-26 2016-01-20 北京京仪绿能电力系统工程有限公司 Optimized MPPT algorithm
CN106846436A (en) * 2017-02-21 2017-06-13 中国计量大学 A kind of tandem photovoltaic component multimodal P U curve demarcation interval methods

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
黄锡锋: "光伏发电MPPT方法综述", 《科技展望》 *

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