CN107861149A - Based on the prestack P-S wave velocity ratio analogy method under drive waveform - Google Patents
Based on the prestack P-S wave velocity ratio analogy method under drive waveform Download PDFInfo
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01V—GEOPHYSICS; GRAVITATIONAL MEASUREMENTS; DETECTING MASSES OR OBJECTS; TAGS
- G01V1/00—Seismology; Seismic or acoustic prospecting or detecting
- G01V1/28—Processing seismic data, e.g. analysis, for interpretation, for correction
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01V—GEOPHYSICS; GRAVITATIONAL MEASUREMENTS; DETECTING MASSES OR OBJECTS; TAGS
- G01V1/00—Seismology; Seismic or acoustic prospecting or detecting
- G01V1/28—Processing seismic data, e.g. analysis, for interpretation, for correction
- G01V1/282—Application of seismic models, synthetic seismograms
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01V—GEOPHYSICS; GRAVITATIONAL MEASUREMENTS; DETECTING MASSES OR OBJECTS; TAGS
- G01V2210/00—Details of seismic processing or analysis
- G01V2210/60—Analysis
- G01V2210/67—Wave propagation modeling
Abstract
The invention provides a kind of prestack P-S wave velocity ratio analogy method based under drive waveform.The analogy method includes：The input data body of prestack P-S wave velocity ratio simulation is calculated；Phased sampling is carried out to the input data body；According to the phased sampling result, go out pseudo- well data using fixed well digital simulation；Initial model is established according to the pseudo- well data and the fixed well data, and counts the probability distribution of known well logging sample as prior probability distribution；According to the initial model and the input data body, likelihood function is calculated；According to the initial model and the prior probability distribution and the likelihood function, Markov chain Monte-Carlo stochastic simulation is carried out under Bayesian frame, obtains analog result.The problem of traditional facies control analysis manual intervention can solve the problem that according to the inventive method, it is possible to increase simulation precision, the scope of application of lithology, reservoir and fluid prediction can be increased.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to oil-gas seismic exploration technical field, more particularly, is related to a kind of prestack elastic parameter simulation side
Method.
Background technology
Inversion technique is developed so far nearly 40 years history, including a variety of algorithms of different.It can totally be divided into based on earthquake
Determinated back analysis and the major class of geostatistics stochastic inverse two.
Determinated back analysis mainly from earthquake, goes wavelet to ask for reflectance factor using convolution model, obtains relative resistance
Anti-, resolution of inversion is substantially suitable with earthquake, what inversion result was to determine.The Sparse Pulse seismic inversion side of such as Lvey propositions
Method, the inversion method are not had direct corresponding relation by thin-layers interference function influence, earthquake information with thin reservoir, can not be horizontal to thin layer
Effective prediction is made to change, big additionally, due to changing between reservoir well, seismic resolution is low, causes interwell reservoir forecasting to exist very
It is big uncertain.
In order to make up the defects of determinated back analysis resolution ratio is low, grown up statistics inversion method.This method be from
Well is set out, and stochastic model theory is combined with seismic inversion, and using geostatistics thought, reservoir is characterized by variogram
Spatial Variability, carry out the stochastic simulation constrained by seismic impedance on this basis, estimate the high-resolution of lithology and reservoir
The regularity of distribution, the result is that one group of equiprobability stochastic simulation solution.As Haas equal to the 1990s introduces geostatistics
Inverting, this method are distributed based on spatial domain sampling point, equally distributed to well to require higher.
Although statistics inverting has high-resolution advantage, due to the uncertainty of stochastic simulation solution, cause its bullet
Property parameter Vp/Vs spatial distribution characteristics and geologic rule and understanding it is usually inconsistent, therefore, phased statistics inversion method
Cause the attention of people.Many foreign well-known software companys all develop corresponding function, such as Jason, Petrel etc., its
It is inherently the final inversion result of deposition phase control using artificial division, the problem of being primarily present three aspects：(1) sedimentary facies
The subjectivity of research, by different people in different time mutually has larger difference using what data with different was divided, cause subjectivity
Property it is very strong, system lack iteration correction function, the correctness and accuracy of subjective Division of Sedimentary Facies can not be judged, while can cause
The reasonable sex chromosome mosaicism of phase boundray division；(2) scale problem of facies analysis, sedimentary facies are divided into different scale yardsticks, the form of expression
Although usually 2 d plane picture, what it was substantially expressed is a three-dimensional concept, represents certain thickness.Different phase essences
Degree, the vertical yardstick of expression is different, including sedimentary facies, parfacies, microfacies etc., represents different stratigraphic units respectively.Laterally dividing
On cloth, the sandy ground ratio of isopic zone, reservoir thickness do not change constantly yet, and therefore, actually deposit phasor General Expression is one group
There is the distribution relation of the stratum of genetic relationship spatially, it is difficult to establish accurate mathematical expression model；(3) facies analysis is fuzzy
Property, due to the concept of the actually Dominant Facies expressed by sedimentary facies, refer to after vertical a variety of depositional environments change based on performance
The phase of environment is wanted, therefore inevitably leads to vertical facies tract fuzzy problem, influences the resolution ratio of Vp/Vs predictions, together
When also influence lithology, the resolution ratio of reservoir prediction.
The content of the invention
For problems of the prior art, it is an object of the invention to solve in deficiencies of the prior art
At least one of.For example, it is an object of the invention to solve the problems, such as traditional facies control analysis manual intervention, Vp/Vs (prestacks are improved
P-S wave velocity ratio) simulation precision.
To achieve these goals, the invention provides a kind of prestack P-S wave velocity ratio simulation based under drive waveform
Method, the analogy method include：The input data body of prestack P-S wave velocity ratio simulation is calculated；To the input data
Body carries out phased sampling；According to the phased sampling result, pseudo- well data are simulated；According to the pseudo- well data and fixed well number
According to establishing initial model, and the probability distribution of known well logging sample is counted as prior probability distribution；According to the initial model
With the input data body, likelihood function is calculated；According to the initial model and the prior probability distribution and it is described seemingly
Right function, Markov Chain-Monte Carlo stochastic simulation is carried out under Bayesian frame, obtains analog result.
In one exemplary embodiment of the present invention, can by prestack elastic parameter P-S wave velocity ratio invertomer with
Comprehensive wavelet convolution obtains the input data body.
In one exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the prestack elastic parameter can be obtained by prestack Simultaneous Inversion
P-S wave velocity ratio invertomer.
In one exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the prestack Simultaneous Inversion can according to Zuo Yipulizi equations or
Its approximate expression, asked for borehole restraint Sparse Pulse algorithm.
In one exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the synthesis can be extracted according to post-stack seismic data and well data
Wavelet.
In one exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the phased sampling can utilize seismic waveform similarity feature and
Maximum space distance.
In one exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the maximum space distance can be asked for by spatial function
Vector distance.
In one exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the simulation of the pseudo- well data can include：
The input data of the input data body well lie and the unknown well of a bite of N mouth fixed wells is calculated according to formula 1
Relation function between the road of body well lie.
Formula 1 is：Snew=Σ wiSi, i=1,2,3..., N.
Wherein, wiThe relation function between the road of the input data body, SnewBy the input data body well of unknown well
Road, SiFor the input data body well lie of fixed well.
The relevant matches relation function of different wave parameter is asked for according to formula 2.
Formula 2 is：Pb=Σ λabPa。
Wherein, λabFor the relevant matches relation function of different wave parameter, PbFor the waveform parameter of the input data body,
PaFor the fixed well data waveform parameter.
The spatial relationship function between different wave parameter is asked for according to formula 3.
Formula 3 is：
Wherein,Spatial relationship function between different wave parameter, wiThe relation between the road of the input data body
Function, λabFor the relevant matches relation function of the different wave parameter.
The pseudo- well data are asked for according to formula 4.
Formula 4 is：
Wherein, LnewFor the pseudo- well data,For the spatial relationship function between the different wave parameter, LiFor institute
State fixed well data.
In one exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the pseudo- well data can be Acoustic Impedance Data.
, can be by the initial model and input data body progress in one exemplary embodiment of the present invention
Likelihood function is calculated with filtering.
Compared with prior art, beneficial effects of the present invention include：Prestack elastic parameter analogy method under drive waveform
Manual intervention can be avoided, makes full use of the cross directional variations of seismic waveform to reflect the phase change characteristics of reservoir space, and then analyze
The vertical lithology combination high-frequency structure feature of reservoir, preferably embodies phased thought, is that a kind of really well shake combines high frequency
Analogy method, make inversion result from completely random to progressively determining, while the uniformity of well location distribution is not strict with, carry
High simulation precision, also increase the scope of application of lithology, reservoir and fluid prediction.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is shown according to exemplary embodiment of the invention based on the prestack P-S wave velocity ratio mould under drive waveform
The modeling process chart of plan method.
Fig. 2 is shown according to exemplary embodiment of the invention based on the prestack P-S wave velocity ratio mould under drive waveform
The phased sampling schematic diagram of plan method.
Fig. 3 is shown according to exemplary embodiment of the invention based on the prestack P-S wave velocity ratio mould under drive waveform
The pseudo- well digital simulation schematic diagram of plan method.
Fig. 4 is shown according to exemplary embodiment of the invention based on the prestack P-S wave velocity ratio mould under drive waveform
The simulation of plan method connects well profile.
Description of reference numerals：
A wells, B wells, C wells, D wells, E wells, F wells represent drilling well, H8 represent the bottom of the hypomere of box 8, SX represent 1 section of mountain bottom,
Vp/Vs represents P-S wave velocity ratio.
Embodiment
Hereinafter, exemplary embodiment and accompanying drawing will be combined to be based under drive waveform to describe one kind of the present invention in detail
Prestack P-S wave velocity ratio analogy method.
Fig. 1 is shown according to exemplary embodiment of the invention based on the prestack P-S wave velocity ratio mould under drive waveform
The modeling process chart of plan method.As shown in figure 1, in one exemplary embodiment, it is of the invention based on folded under drive waveform
Preceding P-S wave velocity ratio analogy method can be achieved by the steps of：
Step (1), according to prestack Simultaneous Inversion, prestack P-S wave velocity ratio invertomer is obtained, P-S wave velocity ratio is anti-
Body and comprehensive wavelet convolution are drilled, obtains the input data body of prestack P-S wave velocity ratio simulation.
Step (2), according to seismic waveform similarity feature and maximum space distance, phased choosing is carried out to input data body
Sample.
Step (3), according to the phased sampling result, pseudo- well impedance data is simulated using fixed well impedance data.Institute
The simulation for stating pseudo- well impedance data specifically includes：
The input data body well of the input data body well lie and the unknown well of a bite of N mouth fixed wells is calculated according to formula 1
Relation function between the road of lie.
Formula 1 is：Snew=Σ wiSi, i=1,2,3..., N.
Wherein, wiThe relation function between the road of input data body, SnewFor the input data body well lie of unknown well, Si
For the input data body well lie of fixed well.
The relevant matches relation function of different wave parameter is asked for according to formula 2.
Formula 2 is：Pb=Σ λabPa。
Wherein, λabFor the relevant matches relation function of different wave parameter, PbFor the waveform parameter of the input data body,
PaFor the fixed well data waveform parameter.
The spatial relationship function between different wave parameter is asked for according to formula 3.
Formula 3 is：
Wherein,Spatial relationship function between different wave parameter, wiThe relation between the road of the input data body
Function, λabFor the relevant matches relation function of the different wave parameter.
The pseudo- well data are asked for according to formula 4.
Formula 4 is：
Wherein, LnewFor the pseudo- well data,For the spatial relationship function between the different wave parameter, LiFor institute
State fixed well data.
Step (4), initial model is established according to pseudo- well impedance data and fixed well impedance data, and count known well logging sample
This probability distribution is as prior probability distribution.
Step (5), initial model and input data body are subjected to matched filtering, likelihood function is calculated.
Step (6), according to initial model, prior probability distribution and likelihood function, Ma Erke is carried out under Bayesian frame
Husband's chain-Monte Carlo stochastic simulation, obtain meeting the impedance of earthquake intermediate frequency and well curvilinear structures characteristic simulation result.
Come below in conjunction with specific example to the present invention based on the prestack P-S wave velocity ratio simulation side under drive waveform
Method is further described.
Example
It is described in detail by taking X work areas as an example based on the prestack P-S wave velocity ratio analogy method under drive waveform.
Step (1), prestack Simultaneous Inversion is carried out to work area geological data, obtains prestack elastic parameter Vp/Vs invertomers, is led to
Well shake combined extracting synthesis wavelet is crossed, comprehensive wavelet is obtained into Vp/Vs generated data bodies with Vp/Vs invertomer convolutions, as folded
The input data body of preceding elastic parameter simulation.Prestack Simultaneous Inversion is according to Zoeppritz equations or its approximate expression, with well about
Beam Sparse Pulse algorithm, the compressional wave that can so ensure to obtain, S-wave impedance value are believed in the range of seismic band with actual seismic
Breath coincide, and the inversion technique uniqueness is good, anti-noise ability is strong, small to well dependence, result stability is good, is final Vp/Vs moulds
Intend result and provide the certainty composition for respecting original earthquake data.
Step (2), under chronostratigraphic architecture and the driving of input data body, phase is carried out using seismic waveform similarity feature
Sampling is controlled, preferably goes out effective sample well.Specific method for optimizing, a point to be predicted is assumed as shown in Figure 2, according to waveform similarity
As sample well, this method considers two factors of waveform and distance for feature, the preferably well similar to the waveform, rather than
Only consider the well near from point to be predicted as sample well.In order to avoid the preferred error of the sample of big distance range, preferred process increases
Add the maximum space distance for considering to be asked for by spatial function, it is excellent using waveform similarity and space length bivariate in fixed well
The similar well of low frequency configuration is chosen as Spatial sample.
Step (3), pseudo- well impedance curve is simulated using the impedance curve of preferred sample well, determines structure as shown in Figure 3
As pseudo- well impedance curve.Assuming that the geological data in work area is every a corresponding well data, wherein well number together
Formed according to by fixed well data and unknown well puppet well data volume.The simulation of pseudo- well impedance curve specifically includes following steps：
1., calculated according to formula 1 N mouth fixed wells the input data body well lie and the unknown well of a bite the input number
According to relation function between the road of body well lie.
Formula 1 is：Snew=Σ wiSi, i=1,2,3..., N.
Wherein, wiThe relation function between the road of the input data body, SnewBy the input data body well of unknown well
Road, SiFor the input data body well lie of fixed well.
2., ask for according to formula 2 the relevant matches relation function of different wave parameter, i.e., according to fixed well different wave parameter
Pa、PbAnd its well lie Waveform Matching parametric function λab。
Formula 2 is：Pb=Σ λabPa。
Wherein, λabFor the relevant matches relation function of different wave parameter, PbFor the waveform parameter of input data body, PaFor
Fixed well data waveform parameter.
3., ask for according to formula 3 spatial relationship function between different wave parameter.Due to identical parameters well point earthquake and
Log data is all the reflection of identical geologic structure, therefore both meet identical spatial function relation.Different wave parameter it
Between spatial function relationThere may be difference.
Formula 3 is：
Wherein,Spatial relationship function between different wave parameter, wiThe relation between the road of the input data body
Function, λabFor the relevant matches relation function of the different wave parameter.
4., pseudo- well data are asked for according to formula 4.
Formula 4 is：
Wherein, LnewFor pseudo- well data,Spatial relationship function between different wave parameter, LiFor fixed well data.
Step (4), under tectonic framework, comprehensively utilize fixed well impedance curve and pseudo- well impedance curve establishes introductory die
Type, and the probability distribution of well logging sample is counted as prior probability distribution.
Step (5), the Vp/Vs compound bodies of initial model and prestack Simultaneous Inversion are subjected to matched filtering, are calculated seemingly
Right function.According to the definition of likelihood function, the likelihood function being calculated here by matched filtering describes some space
Position value is the probability of a certain particular value.Matched filtering is by certainty information (being derived from prestack Simultaneous Inversion) and progressively certainty
Information (being derived from the phased simulation of waveform) generates a new probability distribution space after being merged.
Step (6), Markov Chain-Monte Carlo stochastic simulation (Markov Chain Monte Carlo, MCMC).
The radio-frequency component of initial model is simulated under Bayesian frame, analog result is met the impedance of earthquake intermediate frequency and well curve knot
Structure feature (condition distribution probability).Vp/Vs simulations even well profile is illustrated in figure 4, ordinate represents time, unit ms；H8
The bottom of the hypomere of box 8 is represented, SX represents the bottom on 1 section of mountain；Black portions are the sand body development area of simulation, based on Rock physical analysis sand
The effective Vp/Vs threshold values of body are less than 1.7, can find out that the horizontal extension of sand body is preferable from simulation drawing, meet sedimentation
Rule.The hypomere of box 8 is braided stream deposit, and sandbody distribution is more in plane, and Shanxi group is meandering stream deposit, is that thin interbed is sunk again
Product, therefore the sand body of Shanxi group is less compared with the hypomere of box 8, overall simulated section and well coincide preferably, and simulation is with a high credibility.
Although combined accompanying drawing and exemplary embodiment describe the present invention, those of ordinary skill in the art above
It will be apparent to the skilled artisan that in the case where not departing from spirit and scope by the claims, various modifications can be carried out to above-described embodiment.
Claims (10)
- A kind of 1. prestack P-S wave velocity ratio analogy method based under drive waveform, it is characterised in that the analogy method bag Include following steps：The input data body of prestack P-S wave velocity ratio simulation is calculated；Phased sampling is carried out to the input data body；According to the phased sampling result, pseudo- well data are simulated；Initial model is established according to the pseudo- well data and fixed well data, and counts the probability distribution conduct of known well logging sample Prior probability distribution；According to the initial model and the input data body, likelihood function is calculated；According to the initial model, the prior probability distribution and the likelihood function, Ma Erke is carried out under Bayesian frame Husband's chain-Monte Carlo stochastic simulation, obtains analog result.
- 2. the prestack P-S wave velocity ratio analogy method according to claim 1 based under drive waveform, it is characterised in that The input data body is obtained by prestack elastic parameter P-S wave velocity ratio invertomer and comprehensive wavelet convolution.
- 3. the prestack P-S wave velocity ratio analogy method according to claim 2 based under drive waveform, it is characterised in that The prestack elastic parameter P-S wave velocity ratio invertomer is obtained by prestack Simultaneous Inversion.
- 4. the prestack P-S wave velocity ratio analogy method according to claim 3 based under drive waveform, it is characterised in that The prestack Simultaneous Inversion is asked for according to Zuo Yipulizi equations or its approximate expression with borehole restraint Sparse Pulse algorithm.
- 5. the prestack P-S wave velocity ratio analogy method according to claim 2 based under drive waveform, it is characterised in that The comprehensive wavelet is extracted according to post-stack seismic data and well data.
- 6. the prestack P-S wave velocity ratio analogy method according to claim 1 based under drive waveform, it is characterised in that The phased sampling make use of seismic waveform similarity feature and maximum space distance.
- 7. the prestack P-S wave velocity ratio analogy method according to claim 6 based under drive waveform, it is characterised in that The maximum space distance is the vector distance asked for by spatial function.
- 8. the prestack P-S wave velocity ratio analogy method according to claim 1 based under drive waveform, it is characterised in that The simulation of the pseudo- well data includes：The input data body well of the input data body well lie and the unknown well of a bite of N mouth fixed wells is calculated according to formula 1 Relation function between the road of lie,Formula 1 is：Snew=Σ wiSi, i=1,2,3..., N,Wherein, wiThe relation function between the road of the input data body, SnewFor the input data body well lie of unknown well, Si For the input data body well lie of fixed well；The relevant matches relation function of different wave parameter is asked for according to formula 2,Formula 2 is：Pb=∑ λabPa,Wherein, λabFor the relevant matches relation function of different wave parameter, PbFor the waveform parameter of the input data body, PaFor The fixed well data waveform parameter；Spatial relationship function between different wave parameter is asked for according to formula 3,Formula 3 is：Wherein,Spatial relationship function between different wave parameter, wiThe relation function between the road of the input data body, λabFor the relevant matches relation function of the different wave parameter；The pseudo- well data are asked for according to formula 4,Formula 4 is：I=1,2,3..., N,Wherein, LnewFor the pseudo- well data,For the spatial relationship function between the different wave parameter, LiTo be described known Well data.
- 9. the prestack P-S wave velocity ratio analogy method according to claim 1 based under drive waveform, it is characterised in that The pseudo- well data are Acoustic Impedance Data.
- 10. the prestack P-S wave velocity ratio analogy method according to claim 1 based under drive waveform, its feature exist In the initial model and the input data body being carried out into matched filtering likelihood function are calculated.
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| CN115877464A (en) * | 2022-12-30 | 2023-03-31 | 中海石油(中国)有限公司深圳分公司 | Lithology identification method and device, computer equipment and storage medium |
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