CN107860632A - A kind of drosophila wing bud active immunity group makeup is put - Google Patents

A kind of drosophila wing bud active immunity group makeup is put Download PDF

Info

Publication number
CN107860632A
CN107860632A CN201711087015.6A CN201711087015A CN107860632A CN 107860632 A CN107860632 A CN 107860632A CN 201711087015 A CN201711087015 A CN 201711087015A CN 107860632 A CN107860632 A CN 107860632A
Authority
CN
China
Prior art keywords
fluid reservoir
chamber
incubated
liquid
rectangle
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
CN201711087015.6A
Other languages
Chinese (zh)
Other versions
CN107860632B (en
Inventor
张徐波
董玮
张建珍
马恩波
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Shanxi University
Original Assignee
Shanxi University
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Shanxi University filed Critical Shanxi University
Priority to CN201711087015.6A priority Critical patent/CN107860632B/en
Publication of CN107860632A publication Critical patent/CN107860632A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of CN107860632B publication Critical patent/CN107860632B/en
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

Links

Classifications

    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01NINVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N1/00Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
    • G01N1/28Preparing specimens for investigation including physical details of (bio-)chemical methods covered elsewhere, e.g. G01N33/50, C12Q
    • G01N1/30Staining; Impregnating ; Fixation; Dehydration; Multistep processes for preparing samples of tissue, cell or nucleic acid material and the like for analysis
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01NINVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N1/00Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
    • G01N1/28Preparing specimens for investigation including physical details of (bio-)chemical methods covered elsewhere, e.g. G01N33/50, C12Q
    • G01N1/30Staining; Impregnating ; Fixation; Dehydration; Multistep processes for preparing samples of tissue, cell or nucleic acid material and the like for analysis
    • G01N1/31Apparatus therefor
    • G01N1/312Apparatus therefor for samples mounted on planar substrates
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01NINVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N1/00Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
    • G01N1/28Preparing specimens for investigation including physical details of (bio-)chemical methods covered elsewhere, e.g. G01N33/50, C12Q
    • G01N1/42Low-temperature sample treatment, e.g. cryofixation

Landscapes

  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • Biochemistry (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Immunology (AREA)
  • Pathology (AREA)
  • Biomedical Technology (AREA)
  • Molecular Biology (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Apparatus Associated With Microorganisms And Enzymes (AREA)

Abstract

A kind of drosophila wing bud active immunity group makeup is put, and is related to biological tissue's antibody or fluorescent dyeing equipment.The present invention solves existing drosophila wing bud immunohistochemical experiment manual operation, the technical problem of time and effort consuming.The present invention includes slide, cover glass, primary antibody fluid reservoir, secondary antibody fluid reservoir, PBT cushioning liquid fluid reservoir, formaldehyde fixer fluid reservoir, feed tube, drain pipe, some connecting tubes and waste liquid tank;The slide is provided with rectangle culture chamber, and the cover glass is located above rectangle culture chamber, and the rectangle culture chamber side side wall is provided with some culture chamber inlets, and the rectangle culture chamber opposite side side wall is provided with some culture chamber liquid outlets.The present invention uses special slide, is tested suitable for the immunohistochemical staining of relatively thin biological tissue, can be automatically performed SABC flow, is accurately controlled the time of each step dyeing and washing, saves time and efforts, ensure that the quality of experiment.

Description

A kind of drosophila wing bud active immunity group makeup is put
Technical field
The invention belongs to biological tissue's culture antibody or fluorescent dyeing equipment technical field, more particularly to a kind of drosophila The makeup of wing bud active immunity group is put.
Background technology
SABC, is applied immunology general principle --- antigen-antibody reaction, i.e. antigen is combined with antibody specificity Principle, the developer fluorescein of labelled antibody, enzyme, metal ion, isotope colour developing is determined tissue by chemical reaction Intracellular antigen peptide and protein, it is positioned, be qualitative and determine quantifier elimination.
The immunohistochemical experiment of drosophila wing bud includes many steps, and key step has:Drosophila larvae is dissected, wing bud tissue 40~60 minutes are fixed in formaldehyde fixer, then washes 1 hour of fixer;Tissue is placed in certain density primary antibody again In, it is incubated 8~12 hours under low temperature (4~6 DEG C), is washed out primary antibody;Add two anti-dye 1 hour, wash secondary antibody.Entirely Flow not only complex steps, and per, it is necessary to be manually loaded and change clothes liquid, expending time and efforts, such as at regular intervals The some steps of fruit miss loading time or dyeing time is long, can all influence final SABC effect.
The content of the invention
The shortcomings that it is an object of the invention to overcome prior art, there is provided a kind of drosophila wing bud active immunity group makeup is put, Solve existing drosophila wing bud immunohistochemical experiment manual operation, the technical problem of time and effort consuming.
The present invention is achieved by the following technical solutions:
A kind of drosophila wing bud active immunity group makeup is put, wherein:Including slide, cover glass, primary antibody fluid reservoir, secondary antibody storage Flow container, PBT cushioning liquid fluid reservoir, formaldehyde fixer fluid reservoir, feed tube, drain pipe, some connecting tubes and waste liquid tank;
The slide is provided with rectangle and is incubated chamber, and the cover glass is located at rectangle and is incubated above chamber, and the rectangle is incubated chamber Side side wall is provided with some incubation chamber inlets, and the rectangle is incubated chamber opposite side side wall and goes out liquid provided with some incubation chambers Mouthful;
The primary antibody fluid reservoir, secondary antibody fluid reservoir, PBT cushioning liquid fluid reservoir and formaldehyde fixer fluid reservoir are located at load glass Above piece side, the waste liquid tank is located at below slide opposite side, and the primary antibody fluid reservoir, secondary antibody fluid reservoir, PBT bufferings are molten The outlet of liquid fluid reservoir, formaldehyde fixer fluid reservoir is connected by connecting tube with feed tube respectively, and the feed tube passes through some Chamber inlet is incubated to be connected with rectangle incubation chamber;Some incubation chamber liquid outlets are connected by drain pipe with waste liquid tank;
The primary antibody fluid reservoir, secondary antibody fluid reservoir, PBT cushioning liquid fluid reservoir, formaldehyde fixer fluid reservoir and feed tube Between connecting tube on be equipped with by single chip control module control minisize liquid control valve, the drain pipe be provided with by list The drawing liquid pump of piece machine control module control;
The primary antibody fluid reservoir, secondary antibody fluid reservoir and incubation chamber are provided with the temperature control controlled by single chip control module Device processed, the slide are provided with the infrared temperature probe that detection rectangle is incubated chamber temperature.
Further, the incubation chamber inlet has 2~5;The quantity for being incubated chamber liquid outlet and being incubated chamber inlet Unanimously.
Cover glass in the present invention can realize that rectangle is incubated the sealing of chamber, avoid external microbe from infecting Incubating Solution;It is described Primary antibody fluid reservoir, secondary antibody fluid reservoir, PBT cushioning liquid fluid reservoir, formaldehyde fixer fluid reservoir, connecting tube, minisize liquid control The setting of valve, feed tube, drain pipe and waste liquid tank, the Incubating Solution that can be incubated intracavitary to rectangle as needed be changed, especially It is that minisize liquid control valve is provided between formaldehyde fixer, primary antibody, secondary antibody, PBT cushioning liquid, fluid reservoir and feed tube, And drawing liquid pump has been put on drain pipe, it can be achieved to be automatically brought into operation;The setting of low-temperature control device on primary antibody, secondary antibody fluid reservoir, carry Slide is provided with infrared temperature probe, it is ensured that is incubated at low temperature during wing bud one anti-dye of tissue.
The present invention uses special slide, is tested suitable for the immunohistochemical staining of relatively thin biological tissue, can be automatic SABC flow is completed, the time of each step dyeing and washing is accurately controlled, saves time and efforts, ensure that experiment Quality.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation that a kind of drosophila wing bud active immunity group makeup is put;
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of slide, cover glass;
Fig. 3 is Fig. 2 top view;
Fig. 4 is single chip machine controlling circuit theory diagram.
Embodiment
The present invention is described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.
As shown in Figure 1 to Figure 3, a kind of drosophila wing bud active immunity group makeup in the present embodiment is put, including slide 1, Cover glass 2, primary antibody fluid reservoir 10, secondary antibody fluid reservoir 11, PBT cushioning liquid fluid reservoir 12, formaldehyde fixer fluid reservoir 13, feed liquor Pipe 4, drain pipe 5, some connecting tubes 3 and waste liquid tank 6;
The slide 1 is provided with rectangle and is incubated chamber 7, and the cover glass 2 is located at rectangle and is incubated the top of chamber 7, and the rectangle is incubated Educate the side side wall of chamber 7 and be provided with some incubation chamber inlets 8, the rectangle is incubated the opposite side side wall of chamber 7 and is provided with some incubations Chamber liquid outlet 9;
The primary antibody fluid reservoir 10, secondary antibody fluid reservoir 11, PBT cushioning liquid fluid reservoir 12 and formaldehyde fixer fluid reservoir 13 It is located above the side of slide 1, the waste liquid tank 6 is located at below the opposite side of slide 1, the primary antibody fluid reservoir 10, secondary antibody storage The outlet of flow container 11, PBT cushioning liquid fluid reservoir 12, formaldehyde fixer fluid reservoir 13 is connected by connecting tube 3 and feed tube 4 respectively Connect, the feed tube 4 is incubated chamber 7 with rectangle by some incubation chamber inlets 8 and is connected;Some incubation chamber liquid outlets 9 are logical Drain pipe 5 is crossed to be connected with waste liquid tank 6;
The primary antibody fluid reservoir 10, secondary antibody fluid reservoir 11, PBT cushioning liquid fluid reservoir 12, formaldehyde fixer fluid reservoir 13 Be equipped with connecting tube 3 between feed tube 4 by single chip control module control minisize liquid control valve 14, it is described go out liquid Pipe 5 is provided with the drawing liquid pump 15 controlled by single chip control module.
The primary antibody fluid reservoir, secondary antibody fluid reservoir are provided with the low-temperature control device controlled by single chip control module, institute State slide 1 and be provided with infrared temperature probe 16, detection rectangle is incubated the temperature of chamber 7.
The incubation chamber inlet has 2~5 (the present embodiment is 2);The incubation chamber liquid outlet is with being incubated chamber feed liquor The quantity of mouth is consistent.
As shown in figure 4, the primary antibody fluid reservoir 10, secondary antibody fluid reservoir 11, PBT cushioning liquid fluid reservoir 12, formaldehyde are fixed The minisize liquid control valve 14 and drawing liquid pump 15 set in connecting tube 3 between liquid fluid reservoir 13 and feed tube 4, and single-chip microcomputer Control module connects, so as to realize operation automation.
As shown in figure 4, the infrared temperature probe 16 is connected with single chip control module, slide is measured in real time and is incubated chamber Interior temperature, the primary antibody fluid reservoir 10, the low-temperature control device of secondary antibody fluid reservoir 11 are connected with single chip control module, infrared Temperature probe surveys data feedback to single-chip microcomputer, and single-chip microcomputer controls the low temperature control of primary antibody fluid reservoir 10, secondary antibody fluid reservoir 11 again Device, so that it is guaranteed that when primary antibody solution is incubated, the temperature for being incubated chamber is 4~6 DEG C, other staining procedures, is incubated the temperature of chamber Control in room temperature.
The use process of the present invention:
It is incubated in use, the wing bud that gets off will be dissected in phosphate buffer and be transferred to rectangle in chamber 7, covered 2, It is and with resinene or vaseline that cover glass 2 is sealed around;
Pass through single chip machine controlling circuit:
The minisize liquid control valve 14 and drawing liquid pump 15 being first turned in the lower section connecting tube of formaldehyde fixer fluid reservoir 13, really Slide reservoir is protected full of the minisize liquid control valve after fixer, closed in the lower section connecting tube of formaldehyde fixer fluid reservoir 13 14 and drawing liquid pump 15, fix 40~60min;
Then, the minisize liquid control valve 14 and drawing liquid pump 15 in the lower section connecting tube of PBT cushioning liquid fluid reservoir 12 are opened, After buffer solution persistently cleans 1~1.5h of formaldehyde fixer, the miniature liquid in the lower section connecting tube of closing PBT cushioning liquid fluid reservoir 12 Body control valve 14 and drawing liquid pump 15;
The minisize liquid control valve 14 and drawing liquid pump 15 in the lower section connecting tube of primary antibody fluid reservoir 10 are opened simultaneously, it is ensured that primary antibody Cryogenic fluid is closed micro- in the lower section connecting tube of primary antibody fluid reservoir 10 full of slide reservoir and fully after immersion wing bud tissue Type liquid control valve 14 and drawing liquid pump 15, low temperature are incubated 8~12h.
The minisize liquid control valve 14 and drawing liquid pump 15 being again turned in the lower section connecting tube of PBT cushioning liquid fluid reservoir 12, After buffer solution persistently cleans 1~1.5h of primary antibody solution, the minisize liquid in the lower section connecting tube of closing PBT cushioning liquid fluid reservoir 12 Control valve 14 and drawing liquid pump 15;
The drawing liquid pump in the minisize liquid control valve 14 and drain pipe 5 in the lower section connecting tube of secondary antibody fluid reservoir 11 is opened simultaneously 15, it is ensured that secondary antibody cryogenic fluid closes the lower section of secondary antibody fluid reservoir 10 full of slide reservoir and fully after immersion wing bud tissue Minisize liquid control valve 14 and drawing liquid pump 15 in connecting tube, low temperature are incubated 1~1.2h.
Finally open in the minisize liquid control valve 14 and drain pipe 5 in the lower section connecting tube of PBT cushioning liquid fluid reservoir 12 Drawing liquid pump 15, after buffer solution persistently cleans 1~1.5h of two corresponding anti-solution, close the lower section connecting tube of PBT cushioning liquid fluid reservoir 12 On minisize liquid control valve 14 and drawing liquid pump 15, complete experiment.
After the completion of experiment, slide is directly placed and taken pictures under fluorescence microscope or laser confocal microscope.
The cover glass is covering incubation chamber, and with after the adhesive seal surrounding such as resinene, is incubated chamber, is incubated chamber Inlet, is incubated chamber liquid outlet and connected feed tube, drain pipe form closed space, so that drawing liquid pump will can be incubated The liquid of intracavitary is taken away.
The present invention can be embodied without departing from the spiritual or substantive of invention in a variety of forms, it should therefore be appreciated that on State embodiment and be not limited to foregoing details, and should widely be explained in claim limited range, therefore fall into right It is required that or the change in its equivalent scope and remodeling all should be claim and covered.

Claims (2)

1. a kind of drosophila wing bud active immunity group makeup is put, it is characterised in that:Including slide (1), cover glass (2), primary antibody storage Flow container (10), secondary antibody fluid reservoir (11), PBT cushioning liquid fluid reservoir (12), formaldehyde fixer fluid reservoir (13), feed tube (4), Drain pipe (5), some connecting tubes (3) and waste liquid tank (6);
The slide (1) is provided with rectangle and is incubated chamber (7), and the cover glass (2) is located at rectangle and is incubated above chamber (7), the square Shape is incubated chamber (7) side side wall and is provided with some incubation chamber inlets (8), and the rectangle is incubated in chamber (7) opposite side side wall and set There are some incubation chamber liquid outlets (9);
The primary antibody fluid reservoir (10), secondary antibody fluid reservoir (11), PBT cushioning liquid fluid reservoir (12) and formaldehyde fixer fluid reservoir (13) it is located above slide (1) side, the waste liquid tank (6) is located at below slide (1) opposite side, the primary antibody fluid reservoir (10), the outlet of secondary antibody fluid reservoir (11), PBT cushioning liquid fluid reservoir (12), formaldehyde fixer fluid reservoir (13) passes through respectively Connecting tube (3) is connected with feed tube (4), and the feed tube (4) is incubated chamber (7) by some incubation chamber inlets (8) with rectangle Connection;Some incubation chamber liquid outlets (9) are connected by drain pipe (5) with waste liquid tank (6);
The primary antibody fluid reservoir (10), secondary antibody fluid reservoir (11), PBT cushioning liquid fluid reservoir (12), formaldehyde fixer fluid reservoir (13) the minisize liquid control valve controlled by single chip control module is equipped with the connecting tube (3) between feed tube (4) (14), the drain pipe (5) is provided with the drawing liquid pump (15) controlled by single chip control module;
The primary antibody fluid reservoir (10), secondary antibody fluid reservoir (12) are provided with controls dress by the low temperature of single chip control module control Put, the slide (1) is provided with the infrared temperature probe (16) that detection rectangle is incubated chamber (7) temperature.
A kind of 2. biological tissue's culture apparatus according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:The incubation chamber inlet (8) There are 2~5;The incubation chamber liquid outlet (9) is consistent with the quantity for being incubated chamber inlet (8).
CN201711087015.6A 2017-11-07 2017-11-07 Automatic immunohistochemical device of fruit bat wing bud Active CN107860632B (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN201711087015.6A CN107860632B (en) 2017-11-07 2017-11-07 Automatic immunohistochemical device of fruit bat wing bud

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN201711087015.6A CN107860632B (en) 2017-11-07 2017-11-07 Automatic immunohistochemical device of fruit bat wing bud

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
CN107860632A true CN107860632A (en) 2018-03-30
CN107860632B CN107860632B (en) 2020-01-03

Family

ID=61701106

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
CN201711087015.6A Active CN107860632B (en) 2017-11-07 2017-11-07 Automatic immunohistochemical device of fruit bat wing bud

Country Status (1)

Country Link
CN (1) CN107860632B (en)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN109254160A (en) * 2018-11-09 2019-01-22 上海交通大学医学院附属第九人民医院 A kind of automatic Western Blot antibody incubation box
CN111006041A (en) * 2018-10-05 2020-04-14 伊鲁米那股份有限公司 Multi-valve fluid cartridge
US12000854B2 (en) 2022-06-02 2024-06-04 Illumina, Inc. Multi-valve fluid cartridge

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6096271A (en) * 1998-02-27 2000-08-01 Cytologix Corporation Random access slide stainer with liquid waste segregation
CN1726275A (en) * 2002-12-20 2006-01-25 达可斯通(丹麦)公司 Method and apparatus for auto-dyeing of tissue slides
CN102770746A (en) * 2009-12-09 2012-11-07 丹麦达科有限公司 An apparatus and method for processing biological samples
KR20140109186A (en) * 2013-03-05 2014-09-15 박성식 Method and System for Peristaltic pump delivery for Immuno-Stainer
CN106872243A (en) * 2015-12-10 2017-06-20 深圳大学 RNA- protein-DNA original positions multiple staining the method for organization chip
CN206601278U (en) * 2017-04-07 2017-10-31 金华市益迪医疗设备有限公司 A kind of biological tissue dehydrator provided with emission-control equipment

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6096271A (en) * 1998-02-27 2000-08-01 Cytologix Corporation Random access slide stainer with liquid waste segregation
CN1726275A (en) * 2002-12-20 2006-01-25 达可斯通(丹麦)公司 Method and apparatus for auto-dyeing of tissue slides
CN102770746A (en) * 2009-12-09 2012-11-07 丹麦达科有限公司 An apparatus and method for processing biological samples
KR20140109186A (en) * 2013-03-05 2014-09-15 박성식 Method and System for Peristaltic pump delivery for Immuno-Stainer
CN106872243A (en) * 2015-12-10 2017-06-20 深圳大学 RNA- protein-DNA original positions multiple staining the method for organization chip
CN206601278U (en) * 2017-04-07 2017-10-31 金华市益迪医疗设备有限公司 A kind of biological tissue dehydrator provided with emission-control equipment

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
张小民 等: "中华稻蝗全消化道内壁显微结构观察", 《昆虫学报》 *

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN111006041A (en) * 2018-10-05 2020-04-14 伊鲁米那股份有限公司 Multi-valve fluid cartridge
CN111006041B (en) * 2018-10-05 2022-03-29 伊鲁米那股份有限公司 Multi-valve fluid cartridge
US11372016B2 (en) 2018-10-05 2022-06-28 Illumina, Inc. Multi-valve fluid cartridge
CN109254160A (en) * 2018-11-09 2019-01-22 上海交通大学医学院附属第九人民医院 A kind of automatic Western Blot antibody incubation box
US12000854B2 (en) 2022-06-02 2024-06-04 Illumina, Inc. Multi-valve fluid cartridge

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CN107860632B (en) 2020-01-03

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
CN105571925B (en) The staining modules and its colouring method of biological sample on slide
CN107860632A (en) A kind of drosophila wing bud active immunity group makeup is put
CN107367607A (en) A kind of Pathologic specimen section SABC operating method and its system
JP2016509677A (en) Fully automatic urinalysis device
CN209673562U (en) Fatigue property test device and fatigue property test system
CN110411810A (en) A kind of immunohistochemical staining machine and immunohistochemical staining method
CN109946139A (en) A kind of paraffin section immunohistochemistry resisdye PAS kit and its colouring method and application
CN107354093B (en) Cell preparation apparatus
US20220082480A1 (en) Smear preparation machine and sample staining method
WO2019174407A1 (en) Device for biological sample staining module on glass slide
CN107907396A (en) A kind of biological tissue's active immunity histochemical staining system
CN205958296U (en) Pipeline under pressure fluid sampling device
CN205850792U (en) A kind of autoclave
CN205749526U (en) A kind of ELISA detection kit
US4073620A (en) Binder-substrate analyzer
CN105910877A (en) Full-automatic cell dyeing instrument
CN105067816A (en) Ready-to-use antibody and application thereof
CN207516115U (en) A kind of biological cover plate for immunohistochemistry analyte detection cooperation slide
CN208810110U (en) A kind of realization device of multifunctional circulation water-bath
CN208254912U (en) Semi-automatic dyeing apparatus
WO2020125259A1 (en) Elisa chip and method for using same
CN105628933A (en) Detection method for determining ancient wool fabrics by dot fluorescent immunofiltration
CN206193012U (en) A heat preservation shell for analysis appearance
CN205517736U (en) Control by temperature change reaction unit for biopharm
CN108444793A (en) A kind of device for automatic slide stainer

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
PB01 Publication
PB01 Publication
SE01 Entry into force of request for substantive examination
SE01 Entry into force of request for substantive examination
GR01 Patent grant
GR01 Patent grant