CN107859040A - A kind of excavation method of foundation ditch large area soft soil horizon - Google Patents
A kind of excavation method of foundation ditch large area soft soil horizon Download PDFInfo
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- CN107859040A CN107859040A CN201711054959.3A CN201711054959A CN107859040A CN 107859040 A CN107859040 A CN 107859040A CN 201711054959 A CN201711054959 A CN 201711054959A CN 107859040 A CN107859040 A CN 107859040A
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- Prior art keywords
- sand
- soft soil
- large area
- soil horizon
- layer
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Classifications
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D17/00—Excavations; Bordering of excavations; Making embankments
- E02D17/02—Foundation pits
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D17/00—Excavations; Bordering of excavations; Making embankments
- E02D17/02—Foundation pits
- E02D17/04—Bordering surfacing or stiffening the sides of foundation pits
Abstract
The invention provides a kind of excavation method of foundation ditch large area soft soil horizon.Including foundation ditch large area soft soil horizon is layered by total thickness that excavates, successively excavate from top to bottom, first layer excavates the preceding making on soft soil horizon and changes filler, it is excavated to adjacent lower surface downwards, then on adjacent lower surface, making changes filler, continue to excavate adjacent lower, be recycled to whole soil layers and excavate completion.The present invention carries out silty sand using stage excavation method or sharp sand excavates, and effectively increases the excavation efficiency of the deep silty sand of dam foundation and sharp sand, ensure that the security of construction, reduce construction cost；The construction method filled out using successively excavating and changing from top to bottom, the liquefaction probability of silty sand is reduced, improve the efficiency of construction machinery；Using cushion, roll-back method and the combined form of construction work of drainage method, the order and security of construction ensure that, efficiency of construction is high.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to Hydraulic and Hydro-Power Engineering dam foundation technical field of construction, especially belongs to dam excavation skill
Art field, more particularly to a kind of excavation method of foundation ditch large area soft soil horizon.
Background technology
In recent years, the construction of Chinese large-sized hydroelectric project is concentrated mainly on western high-mountain gorge areas, by complicated landform and
Geological conditions limits, and dam site selection is often faced with many difficulties.When building dam on river, main structures easily run into riverbed
Large area soft soil horizon be present, such as deep silty sand soil layer or sharp sand soil layer, silty sand and sharp sand belong to can liquid
Change sand, the physico-mechanical properties under nature is poor, shows as that low intensity, compressibility be high and bad hydraulic permeability etc., this kind ofly
Base tends not to meet building to intensity and the requirement of deformation, it is therefore necessary to carries out based process.
Silty sand has the characteristics that fine particle content is high, the micro- close, water penetration of structure is weak and low bearing capacity, can not in construction
Self-draining consolidates, and silt fine grained easily liquefies in the environment of having water, easily taken away and produce by current under influence of dynamic water
Raw erosion, piping, seepage scour even collapse, and cause slope instability, while silty sand is in fluidised form in the saturated condition, from surely
Qualitative extreme difference, construction machinery, which enters silty sand, easily to be occurred falling into car, causes plant equipment impassable.
Sharp sand has the characteristics that big water content, bad hydraulic permeability and low bearing capacity, is in flow regime under infiltration effect, big
During dam excavation, easily there is the problems such as construction road arrangement is difficult, draining is difficult, excavation is difficult and mechanical efficiency is low.
In view of the specific physical of silty sand and sharp sand, occurs more uncertain safety factor in construction,
It must excavate when building dam, to avoid above-mentioned unfavorable factor from impacting dam foundation construction.
The country is there is not yet the deep silty sand of large-scale excavation soft soil horizon, particularly large area or sharp sand are excavated and applied at present
Work precedent, research foundation ditch large area soft soil horizon excavate, particularly the safely and fast excavation of dam silty sand or sharp sand ground
Problem turns into the crucial technical problem built a dam under the conditions of special foundation.
The content of the invention
The invention provides a kind of excavation method of foundation ditch large area soft soil horizon.It is soft that the present invention is applied to foundation ditch large area
Weak ground and unevened foundaton, the particularly excavation of the deep silty sand of large area and sharp sand, dam foundation excavation construction effect can be improved
Rate, ensure dam foundation excavation construction quality and working security.
The technical solution adopted in the present invention is：According to total excavation thickness of foundation ditch large area soft soil horizon, soil layer is entered
Row layering, using paving fill out method, roll-back method and drainage method it is combined by the way of successively excavated from top to bottom.
In order to realize the purpose of the present invention, intend using following technical thought, it is to intend that foundation ditch large area soft soil horizon, which excavates,
The soft soil horizon of excavation, such as silty sand or sharp sand are layered, and are used before excavating and are changed natural exposed surface of the filler to first layer
Making is carried out, to improve the bearing capacity of soil layer, Reducing distortion, while forms construction machinery walking road；First layer making is completed
Afterwards, making material is excavated in the lump together with the first floor；First layer after the completion of excavating continues that the lower floor's soft soil horizon exposed change filling out
Expect making, making is excavated to lower floor again after changing filler well, that is, changes filler with excavation construction successively making and excavation from top to bottom,
The sequence of excavation of each layer of silty sand or sharp sand is：First making, it is rear to excavate making material and soft soil horizon.
Concrete technical scheme is as follows：
A kind of excavation method of foundation ditch large area soft soil horizon, it is characterised in that：By foundation ditch large area soft soil horizon by total
Excavate thickness to be layered, successively excavate from top to bottom, first layer excavates the preceding making on soft soil horizon and changes filler, excavates downwards
To adjacent lower surface, then on adjacent lower surface, making changes filler, continues to excavate adjacent lower, is recycled to whole soil layers and opens
Dig and complete.
The soft soil horizon is silty sand layer or clean sand.
It is ballast that the powder soil layer sand, which changes filler, and making replacement thickness is 0.5~1.0m.
It is sandy gravel that the clean sand, which changes filler, and making replacement thickness is 0.2~0.5m.
The effect for changing filler is to improve the bearing capacity and stability of soft soil horizon, changes that filler is blocked up to be unfavorable for guarantee and apply
Work efficiency rate, it is excessively thin to change filler, and it is not notable to change the effect of filling out, and is computed and integrated construction concrete condition, takes depth of packing and is not more than
1.0m。
Every layer of the soft soil horizon, which excavates thickness, is：Silty sand 1.0~3.0m of layer, 2.0~2.5m of clean sand.
It is 1.0~1.5m that the silty sand layer excavates thickness in draining layer of difficulty.
The soft soil horizon is under head and dynamic loading, and piping occurs for easily liquefaction, in view of the self-stabilization of various soil mass
Property and stage excavation require different, in order to ensure soil stabilization, for the draining difficulty soil body, can suitably reduce every layer excavate it is thick
Degree, should be not more than 2m；For the slightly good soil body of autostability, every layer is excavated thickness and should be not more than 3m.
It is described when carrying out clean sand excavation, when the clean sand water content exposed is big, draining is excavated in exposed area
Ditch, natural drainage is formed, treat that nature drainage repeats each layer clean sand and excavated.
Before every layer is excavated, paved using loading machine or bull-dozer, bull-dozer exchange filler carries out grinding compacting.
Described excavate excavates the dress slag that fetches earth using backacter, and dump truck muck haulage is slagged tap.
Compared with prior art, the invention has the advantages that：
1st, silty sand is carried out using stage excavation method or sharp sand excavates, effectively increase the deep silty sand of dam foundation
With the excavation efficiency of sharp sand, the security of construction is ensure that, reduces construction cost.
2nd, the construction method filled out using successively excavating and changing from top to bottom, the liquefaction probability of silty sand is reduced, improved
The efficiency of construction machinery.
3rd, using cushion, roll-back method and the combined form of construction work of drainage method, the order and safety of construction be ensure that
Property, efficiency of construction is high.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the silty sand stage excavation schematic diagram of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is the sharp sand stage excavation schematic diagram of the present invention；
Fig. 3 is the sharp sand stage excavation mechanical arrangement exemplary plot of the present invention.
In figure：1- silty sands or clean sand, 2- change rockfill quarrel or sand pebble layer, 3- dump trucks, 4- backacters,
5- mechanical tap travel directions.
Embodiment
The embodiment of the present invention is elaborated below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
Embodiment 1：
Referring to Fig. 1, a kind of deep silty sand excavation method of large area, including silty sand layer 1 and changing rockfill quarrel layer 2.
Silty sand, according to total excavation thickness of silty sand, is divided into 10 by the deep silty sand of large area before excavation
Layer, is successively excavated, and it is 2.5~3.0m that every layer, which is excavated thickness, and this example takes 2.5m.
Silty sand carries out making before excavation, using filler is changed to every layer of silty sand, to form construction machinery walking
Passage.
It is that the replacement thickness of every layer of silty sand is 0.5~1.0m using the good ballast of grading that silty sand, which changes filler,
Width is 5~8m.
Silty sand changes filler making, is to be transported ballast loading dump truck to entering at silty sand excavation using backhoe
Row making and changing is filled out.
Silty sand excavates, and is before first layer silty sand excavation, in silty sand exposure region making a layer thickness
For 1.0m ballast, paved after the completion of making using loading machine or bull-dozer, bull-dozer carries out grinding compacting.
Silty sand excavates, and is after first layer silty sand completes ballast making, backacter 4 is arranged into silt
Matter sand excavates position, is run to using the small retrogressing method of tonnage dump truck 3 at silty sand excavation, and backacter is when excavating
Entrucking is carried out using big angle rotary to slag tap.
Silty sand excavates, and is first progress small area silty sand excavation, then carry out large area excavation.
Referring to Fig. 3, the deep silty sand excavation method of large area, backhoe one-level step higher than dump truck or flat in principle
It is neat to carry out excavation construction, in order to which backhoe is excavated.
Silty sand, for the silty sand region that draining is difficult, can reduce every layer and excavate thickness extremely in digging process
1.0~1.5m.
Silty sand excavation method, every layer of silty sand excavate the method retreated using backacter when excavating,
And expand the excavation scope of backhoe as far as possible, completed until all excavating.
Embodiment 2：
Referring to Fig. 2, the deep sharp sand excavation method of large area, including clean sand 1 and change back-up sand boulder bed 2.
Sharp sand, according to total excavation thickness of sharp sand, is divided into 5~10 layers, successively entered by the deep sharp sand of large area before excavation
Row excavates, and it is 2.0~2.5m that every layer, which is excavated thickness, and this example takes 2.5m.
Sharp sand excavates, and because sharp sand bearing capacity is small, construction equipment enters sharp sand region in the presence of sagging, impassable
Situation, making should be carried out simultaneously to the road surface being mainly made up of sharp sand according to the size of sharp sand outcrop area in foundation ditch before construction
Change after filling out and excavate again.
Sharp sand, which changes filler, to be chosen from sandy gravel, excavation of foundation pit material sand gravel or explosion ballast.
Sharp sand is before every layer is excavated, using sandy gravel in sharp sand exposure region making 2~4,0.2~0.5m of thickness and width
8~10m construction road is spent, with walking arrangement.
Sharp sand excavation method, it is that making a layer thickness is 0.5m in sharp sand exposure region before first layer sharp sand excavation
Sandy gravel, back-up sand cobble is changed after being excavated to other layers.
Sharp sand excavation method, it is using loading machine or bull-dozer is paved, bull-dozer is ground after the completion of sandy gravel making
Densification is real.
Clean sand excavation method, it is after the completion of first layer sandy gravel making, it is pure that backacter 4 is arranged into first layer
Sand excavates position, is run to using the small retrogressing method of tonnage dump truck 3 at sharp sand excavation, and lateral dominance is excavated with greatly in backacter side
Angle is rotated into luggage car and slagged tap.
Sharp sand excavation method, for the sharp sand that exposure scope is larger, first is carried out by the way of one layer of sandy gravel of making
Layer large area making, the problems such as quantities is big and construction cost is high be present, can be by the way of radial making sandy gravel, i.e., only
Making is carried out to construction road location.
Sharp sand excavation method, for intensity of excavation height (20,000 m3/ day), vehicle flowrate is big, foundation ditch road slope than (is more than greatly
9%) and construction area rainy season longer situation, dry-mix concrete or common brick for building can be used to carry out paving to every layer of sharp sand and fill out,
Effect is more preferable.
It is limited in scope for exposure in foundation ditch large area and into the clean sand of block distribution, is excavated using pre- study in France,
Position where i.e. reserved sharp sand, it is preferential to excavate the preferable position of ambient conditions, to reduce the height of surrounding large area sharp sand, with profit
It is a part of aqueous in sharp sand Self-discharged.
When the clean sand water content of exposure is larger, gutter can be excavated in exposure region, forms natural drainage condition,
Together excavated with large area sharp sand after for a period of time after nature drainage, changed with to reduce sandy gravel and fill out making quantities.
When the clean sand of exposure is anhydrous or water content is less and outcrop area is little, directly clean sand is excavated.
The deep sharp sand excavation method of large area, every layer is successively excavated according to the method described above, is completed until all excavating.Open
When digging the second layer, third layer to last layer of sharp sand, the sandy gravel of making is excavated in the lump together with bottom sharp sand.
Referring to Fig. 3, in excavation method, backhoe one-level step higher than dump truck or excavation construction is concordantly carried out, in order to
Backhoe is excavated.
Claims (9)
- A kind of 1. excavation method of foundation ditch large area soft soil horizon, it is characterised in that：By foundation ditch large area soft soil horizon by always opening Dig thickness to be layered, successively excavate from top to bottom, first layer excavates the preceding making on soft soil horizon and changes filler, is excavated to downwards Adjacent lower surface, then on adjacent lower surface, making changes filler, continues to excavate adjacent lower, is recycled to whole soil layers and excavates Complete.
- 2. the excavation method of foundation ditch large area soft soil horizon according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The soft soil horizon It is silty sand layer or clean sand.
- 3. the excavation method of foundation ditch large area soft soil horizon according to claim 2, it is characterised in that：The powder soil layer It is ballast that sand, which changes filler, and making replacement thickness is 0.5~1.0m.
- 4. the excavation method of foundation ditch large area soft soil horizon according to claim 2, it is characterised in that：The clean sand changes Filler is sandy gravel, and making replacement thickness is 0.2~0.5m.
- 5. the excavation method of the foundation ditch large area soft soil horizon according to claim 3 or 4, it is characterised in that：It is described every layer Excavating thickness is：Silty sand 1.0~3.0m of layer, 2.0~2.5m of clean sand.
- 6. the excavation method of foundation ditch large area soft soil horizon according to claim 5, it is characterised in that：The silty sand It is 1.0~1.5m that layer excavates thickness in draining layer of difficulty.
- 7. the excavation method of foundation ditch large area soft soil horizon according to claim 5, it is characterised in that：Carrying out clean sand During excavation, when the clean sand water content exposed is big, gutter is excavated in exposed area, forms natural drainage, treat that nature is filtered Water repeats each layer clean sand and excavated.
- 8. the excavation method of foundation ditch large area soft soil horizon according to claim 5, it is characterised in that：Before every layer is excavated, Paved using loading machine or bull-dozer, bull-dozer exchange filler carries out grinding compacting.
- 9. the excavation method of foundation ditch large area soft soil horizon according to claim 5, it is characterised in that：Described excavate uses Backacter excavates the dress slag that fetches earth, and dump truck muck haulage is slagged tap.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201711054959.3A CN107859040A (en) | 2017-11-01 | 2017-11-01 | A kind of excavation method of foundation ditch large area soft soil horizon |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201711054959.3A CN107859040A (en) | 2017-11-01 | 2017-11-01 | A kind of excavation method of foundation ditch large area soft soil horizon |
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| CN107859040A true CN107859040A (en) | 2018-03-30 |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110004934A (en) * | 2019-04-11 | 2019-07-12 | 中国葛洲坝集团第一工程有限公司 | Foundation excavation of silt excavation construction method |
| CN110219304A (en) * | 2019-06-27 | 2019-09-10 | 云南建投第十二建设有限公司 | Foundation ditch excavation method for soft modeling soil |
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| CN106283944A (en) * | 2016-08-09 | 2017-01-04 | 中电建路桥集团有限公司 | The method that pressure washer stone and/or block stone reinforce shallow layer soft ground |
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2017
- 2017-11-01 CN CN201711054959.3A patent/CN107859040A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106283944A (en) * | 2016-08-09 | 2017-01-04 | 中电建路桥集团有限公司 | The method that pressure washer stone and/or block stone reinforce shallow layer soft ground |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
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| 付乾坤: "斜卡水电站大坝基坑粉土质砂开挖和边坡支护施工方法简介", 《民营科技》 * |
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110004934A (en) * | 2019-04-11 | 2019-07-12 | 中国葛洲坝集团第一工程有限公司 | Foundation excavation of silt excavation construction method |
| CN110004934B (en) * | 2019-04-11 | 2019-12-13 | 中国葛洲坝集团第一工程有限公司 | Excavation construction method for silt foundation pit |
| CN110219304A (en) * | 2019-06-27 | 2019-09-10 | 云南建投第十二建设有限公司 | Foundation ditch excavation method for soft modeling soil |
| CN110219304B (en) * | 2019-06-27 | 2021-04-06 | 云南建投第十二建设有限公司 | Foundation pit excavation method for soft plastic land |
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Application publication date: 20180330 |
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