Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects that the cold resistance and the flame retardance of a cable material cannot be simultaneously considered in the prior art, the invention provides a cold-resistant (-40 ℃) high-flame-retardant (OI is more than or equal to 38) PVC cable material and a preparation method thereof.
In order to solve the technical problems, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
a cold-resistant (-40 ℃) high-flame-retardant (OI is more than or equal to 38) PVC cable material comprises the following raw material components in parts by weight:
50 parts of polyvinyl chloride resin A;
50 parts of polyvinyl chloride resin B;
10-20 parts of a plasticizer A;
10-30 parts of a plasticizer B;
10-30 parts of a plasticizer C;
20-30 parts of a plasticizer D;
5-10 parts of a plasticizer E;
1-3 parts of a forming agent;
5-10 parts of a flame retardant A;
5-10 parts of a flame retardant B;
5-10 parts of a flame retardant C;
0.2-0.8 part of a lubricant A;
0.2-0.8 part of a lubricant B;
0.2-0.8 part of a lubricant C;
1-2 parts of an antioxidant A;
1-2 parts of an antioxidant B;
4-8 parts of a high-efficiency calcium zinc stabilizer;
40-70 parts of mineral filler;
the polymerization degree of the polyvinyl chloride resin A is 1250-1350, and the polymerization degree of the polyvinyl chloride resin B is 1750-1850;
the plasticizer A is a permanent toughening plasticizer, the plasticizer B is a p-benzene plasticizer, the plasticizer C is an o-benzene plasticizer, the plasticizer D is a linear o-benzene plasticizer, and the plasticizer E is a sebacate plasticizer;
the forming agent is a polymer obtained by copolymerizing aromatic metal organic materials and acrylic ester;
the flame retardant A is antimony trioxide; the flame retardant B is environment-friendly zinc borate, 2ZnO 3B2O3·3.5H2O; the flame retardant C is nano montmorillonite which is I.44P of Nanocor company;
the lubricant A is a polyethylene wax lubricant, and the lubricant B is a stearic acid lubricant; the lubricant C is semi-refined paraffin;
the antioxidant A is antioxidant 1010, and the antioxidant B is at least one of antioxidant D L TP or antioxidant DSTP.
Through the cooperation and promotion of the raw material components, the cable material not only has the cold resistance and the flame retardance of the cable material, but also ensures the mechanical property of the obtained material.
The polyvinyl chloride resin A is preferably Tanzhou united US-70, and the resin has better processability and can further promote the cold resistance and the flame retardance; the polyvinyl chloride resin B is preferably a thermoplastic resin S-80, the resin has good cold resistance, and the prepared product has particularly good elasticity, good mechanical property, good cold resistance and good flame retardance.
The plasticizer A is preferably E L VA L OY HP441 of DuPont, and is good in compatibility with PVC, so that the cold resistance of the product is more excellent, and the product can pass a low-temperature impact embrittlement test at-40 ℃.
Plasticizer B is preferably dioctyl terephthalate, the English name DOTP; the plasticizer C is preferably diisononyl phthalate (DINP), the diisononyl phthalate (DINP) has good compatibility with PVC and excellent plasticizing performance, so that the processability and the flexibility of the product are excellent, and the cold resistance and the flame retardance of the product are further improved.
The plasticizer D is preferably a linear phthalate plasticizer with the model of SH-912, and is produced by Jiangsu Senhe chemical company Limited, so that the cold resistance of the product is more excellent and can pass a low-temperature impact embrittlement test at-40 ℃.
The plasticizer E is preferably dioctyl sebacate with the name DOS in English, so that the plasticizing performance is further improved remarkably, and the cold resistance and the flame retardance of the product are better guaranteed.
The type of the forming agent is preferably WY-55, and the forming agent is purchased from Jiangsu Aite England high-molecular materials Co, and can obviously improve the thermal stability, plasticizing efficiency and the fineness of surface gloss of soft PVC.
The purity of antimony trioxide is preferably 99.8%.
The high-efficiency calcium-zinc stabilizer is a 9700-type bear calcium-zinc stabilizer, so that the product stability is ensured, and the synergistic effect among the components is better promoted.
In order to better ensure the mechanical properties of the product, better promote the synergistic effect among the components and improve the compatibility, the mineral filler is a mixture of aluminum hydroxide and magnesium hydroxide.
Further preferably, the mineral filler is a mineral filler in a mass ratio of 1: 1 of aluminum hydroxide and magnesium hydroxide.
The Shore hardness of the cold-resistant (-40 ℃) high-flame-retardant (OI is more than or equal to 38) PVC cable material is 70-80A.
The preparation method of the cold-resistant (-40 ℃) high-flame-retardant (OI is more than or equal to 38) PVC cable material comprises the following steps:
(a) weighing polyvinyl chloride resin A, polyvinyl chloride resin B, a forming agent, a plasticizer B, a plasticizer C, a plasticizer D, a plasticizer E, a lubricant A, a lubricant B, a lubricant C, an antioxidant A, an antioxidant B, a high-efficiency calcium-zinc stabilizer, a mineral filler, a flame retardant A, a flame retardant B and a flame retardant C according to the formula ratio, adding the materials into a high-speed stirrer, mixing for 5-7 minutes at the conditions of 400-700 revolutions per minute and 90-100 ℃, and discharging the materials into a cold mixing kettle when the current of the high-speed stirrer is stable to obtain a first mixed material;
(b) adding a plasticizer A into the first mixed material obtained in the step (a) under the stirring condition at the speed of 20-60 revolutions per minute, uniformly mixing, and keeping the material temperature in the cold mixing kettle below 80 ℃;
(c) discharging the material obtained in the step (b) into a double-screw extruder of a double-stage granulator set through a feeding bin for extrusion granulation;
(d) and (c) extruding the material obtained in the step (c) by a single screw of a double-stage granulator set to form particles, thus obtaining the cold-resistant (-40 ℃) high-flame-retardant (OI is more than or equal to 38) PVC cable material.
Preferably, the rotating speed of the double-screw extruder is 260 to 320 revolutions per minute; the body of the double-screw extruder is controlled at 165-175 ℃. The temperatures of two zones of the single-screw extruder body are as follows in sequence: 110-120 ℃ and 120-130 ℃; the feeding speed of the single-screw extruder is 35-40 rpm.
The prior art is referred to in the art for techniques not mentioned in the present invention.
The cold-resistant (-40 ℃) high-flame-retardant (OI is more than or equal to 38) PVC cable material disclosed by the invention is synergistic and promoted by the raw material components, simultaneously gives consideration to the cold resistance and flame retardance of the cable material, has the cold resistance temperature of lower than-40 ℃ and the oxygen index of more than 38, ensures the mechanical property of the obtained material, has good large and small section extrusion performance, good processing performance, stable glue yield and smooth extrusion surface without particles, and can be applied to severe environments with high flame-retardant requirements and extremely cold exterior.
Detailed Description
In order to better understand the present invention, the following examples are further provided to illustrate the present invention, but the present invention is not limited to the following examples.
Table 1 table of raw material components used in each example
Name of material
|
Example 1
|
Example 2
|
PVC resin A
|
50
|
50
|
PVC resin B
|
50
|
50
|
Plasticizer A
|
10
|
15
|
Plasticizer B
|
16
|
18
|
Plasticizer C
|
16
|
18
|
Plasticizer D
|
20
|
25
|
Plasticizer E
|
5
|
8
|
High-efficiency calcium-zinc stabilizer
|
8
|
6
|
Molding agent
|
2
|
3
|
Flame retardant A
|
5
|
10
|
Flame retardant B
|
5
|
7
|
Flame retardant C
|
5
|
6
|
Lubricant A
|
0.5
|
0.8
|
Lubricant B
|
0.5
|
0.8
|
Lubricant C
|
0.8
|
0.5
|
Antioxidant A
|
1
|
1
|
Antioxidant B
|
1
|
2
|
Mineral filler
|
50
|
60 |
TABLE 2 table of raw material components used in each example
In the table, the polyethylene wax was purchased from Nanjing Fangshi New Material Co., Ltd, and had a viscosity average molecular weight of 2000-; the semi-refined paraffin is Daqing Kunlun brand No. 58.
The preparation method comprises the following steps: the preparation method of the cold-resistant (-40 ℃) high-flame-retardant (OI is more than or equal to 38) PVC cable material of the embodiment 1 and the embodiment 2 comprises the following steps:
(a) weighing PVC resin A, PVC resin B, a forming agent, a plasticizer B, a plasticizer C, a plasticizer D, a plasticizer E, a lubricant A, a lubricant B, a lubricant C, an antioxidant A, an antioxidant B, a high-efficiency calcium-zinc stabilizer, a mineral filler, a flame retardant A, a flame retardant B and a flame retardant C according to the formula ratio, adding the materials into a high-speed stirrer, mixing for 6 minutes at the conditions of 500 revolutions per minute and 90-100 ℃, and discharging the materials into a cold mixing kettle when the current of the high-speed stirrer is stable to obtain a first mixed material;
(b) adding a plasticizer A into the first mixed material obtained in the step (a) under the stirring condition at the speed of 40 revolutions per minute, uniformly mixing, and keeping the material temperature in the cold mixing kettle below 80 ℃;
(c) discharging the material obtained in the step (b) into a double-screw extruder of a double-stage granulator set through a feeding bin for extrusion granulation, wherein the rotating speed of the double-screw extruder is 280 revolutions per minute, and the body of the double-screw extruder is controlled at 165-175 ℃;
(d) extruding the material obtained in the step (c) by a single screw of a double-stage granulator set to form particles, thus obtaining the cold-resistant (-40 ℃) high-flame-retardant (OI is more than or equal to 38) PVC cable material, wherein the temperatures of two zones of a single screw extruder body are as follows in sequence: 110-120 ℃ and 120-130 ℃; the feed rate of the single screw extruder was 38 rpm.
The test results were as follows:
TABLE 3 Properties of the products obtained in the examples
From the results of the examples 1-2 and the comparative example, it can be seen that the cold-resistant (-40) high-flame-retardant (OI is more than or equal to 38) PVC cable material provided by the invention starts from the formulation angle, and the use of the permanent toughening plasticizer changes the cold-resistant performance of the material under the requirement of high filling and high flame-retardant, thoroughly changes the characteristic of poor low-temperature performance of the PVC material, and is particularly suitable for cables in very cold climates in external environments.