CN107850775A - Imaging device - Google Patents
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- CN107850775A CN107850775A CN201580080962.5A CN201580080962A CN107850775A CN 107850775 A CN107850775 A CN 107850775A CN 201580080962 A CN201580080962 A CN 201580080962A CN 107850775 A CN107850775 A CN 107850775A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01C—MEASURING DISTANCES, LEVELS OR BEARINGS; SURVEYING; NAVIGATION; GYROSCOPIC INSTRUMENTS; PHOTOGRAMMETRY OR VIDEOGRAMMETRY
- G01C11/00—Photogrammetry or videogrammetry, e.g. stereogrammetry; Photographic surveying
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
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Abstract
A kind of imaging device, it includes：N number of concentric spherical optical lens group (1), each optical lens group (1) are imaged to same observed object (S), form N number of first optical imagery, and N is the natural number more than 1；And M imaging detector (3), be arranged on concentric spherical optical lens group (1) into image side, each imaging detector (3) obtains the parts of images of the different parts of the first optical imagery, and the optical signal of parts of images is converted into electric signal, M is the natural number more than 1.This imaging device, compact-sized, small volume, in light weight, easy equipment adjustment.
Description
The present invention relates to wide-angle high definition imaging fields, more particularly to a kind of imaging device and are equipped on the imaging system of aircraft or automobile.
The higher resolution ratio of optical camera can guarantee to realize preferable image fidelity and measurement accuracy in target acquisition, identification and tracking.In order to realize higher resolution ratio, a kind of common method is to realize the splicing of sensor at present.For example, small-sized single-lens astronomical surveing spacecraft JMAPS, focal plane imaging component is 2 × 2 sensor combinations, and the whole resolution of image-forming block is 8k × 8k.It realizes that high resolution graphics seems that another applies wider technology using multiple cameras and by image mosaic technology, has obtained more application in the imaging system of ground.In " automatically real-time face persistently monitors image system " (ARGUS-IS) that the unmanned aerial vehicle " hummingbird " of VTOL is equipped with above, the dynamic in any one corner on ground can be monitored in real time.Concentric spherical optical system, can be in the case where realizing high-resolution, additionally it is possible to guarantee big observation visual field due to the symmetry of incident ray.
Fig. 1 is the light path schematic diagram of the AWARE system of the prior art, as shown in Figure 1, the corresponding concentric spherical part of local field of view 5 is by corresponding image objects in an image planes 4 due to the centre of sphere symmetry of concentric face optical system.Since the curvature of field is larger at an image planes, and when detector lie adjacent, detector non-photo-sensing face will lead to the partial field of view missing after imaging.Therefore, using relay optical component 2 by an image planes secondary imaging on the photosurface of detector 3, while solve the problems, such as the curvature of field and visual field missing.Imaging system based on concentric spherical and relay lens, due to relaying the presence of optical path, system bulk is larger, and since the symmetry requirement of spherical optics system, the optical axis of all relaying optical paths must cross the centre of sphere, system resetting difficulty is big.
Summary of the invention
In view of defect present in the above-mentioned prior art, the object of the present invention is to provide a kind of imaging device, it is equipped on the imaging system of aircraft or automobile, keeps its compact-sized, small in size, light-weight.
According to an aspect of the invention, there is provided a kind of imaging device comprising: same observed object is imaged in N number of concentric spherical optical lens group, each optical lens group, forms N number of first optical imagery, and N is the natural number greater than 1；And M imaging detector, be arranged in the concentric spherical optical lens group at image side, each imaging detector obtains the parts of images of the different parts of first optical imagery, and converts electric signal for the optical signal of the parts of images, and M is the natural number greater than 1.
The present invention also provides a kind of imaging device comprising: N number of concentric spherical optical lens group, each concentric spherical optical lens group carry out same view field imaging to observed object, form N number of first light
Image is learned, the image at least 50% position is identical between N number of first optical imagery, and N is the natural number greater than 1；And M imaging detector, be arranged in the concentric spherical optical lens group at image side, each imaging detector obtains the parts of images of the different parts of first optical imagery, the sum of splicing of parts of images that the M imaging detector obtains includes at least identical at least 50% the first optical imagerys, and wherein M is the natural number greater than 1.
Imaging device above-mentioned, its further include: M image calibration telescope direct, be arranged in the concentric spherical optical lens group at image side, between the concentric spherical optical lens group and the imaging detector, image quality correction is carried out to first optical imagery, and the first optical imagery after image quality is corrected is supplied to imaging detector.
Imaging device above-mentioned, wherein the first optical imagery that the concentric spherical optical lens group is formed is strip.
Imaging device above-mentioned, further include: mechanical mechanism, for fixing and protecting the concentric spherical optical lens group, the imaging detector and described image corrective lens (eye protection).
Imaging device above-mentioned, further include: angle-adjusting mechanism adjusts the angle between N number of concentric spherical optical lens group, so that same observed object is imaged in each concentric spherical optical lens group.
Imaging device above-mentioned, its further include: image processing system, it is connect with the M imaging detector signal, receives the electric signal of the imaging detector conversion, carried out Nonuniformity Correction, image distortion correction, image mosaic, image storage, compression of images and/or image and show.
Imaging device above-mentioned, the concentric spherical optical lens group include the spherical lens of four flat rows with the identical centre of sphere.
Imaging device above-mentioned, the imaging detector are complementary metal oxide semiconductor (CMOS) light-sensitive element or charge-coupled device (CCD) light-sensitive element.
Imaging device above-mentioned, the imaging detector are visual light imaging detector, infrared imaging detector, low-light level imaging detector, ultraviolet imaging detector, Terahertz as detector or combinations thereof.
In addition the present invention also provides a kind of imaging system for being equipped on aircraft or automobile comprising: the preceding imaging device.
In addition the present invention also provides a kind of multi-optical spectrum imaging system comprising: the preceding imaging device.
According to another aspect of the present invention, a kind of imaging method is provided, comprising: multiple concentric spherical optical modules carry out same view field imaging to observed object, obtain the first optical imagery；Multiple images corrective lens (eye protection) carries out image quality correction to the first optical imagery, obtains the second optical imagery, wherein image quality correction includes that the curvature of field corrects；Multiple imaging detectors obtain the second optical imagery, and convert electric signal for the optical signal of the second optical imagery；Wherein, image calibration telescope direct and imaging detector be arranged in pairs in each concentric spherical optical module at image side, plane where multiple concentric spherical optical modules is parallel, the image calibration telescope direct and imaging detector of each concentric spherical optical module being arranged at image side, the image calibration telescope direct and imaging detector being arranged at image side with adjacent concentric spherical optical module are staggeredly complementary
Arrangement, so that the second optical imagery is complete image.
The present invention has obvious advantages and beneficial effects compared with the existing technology.By above-mentioned technical proposal, imaging device provided by the invention is at least had the advantage that
One, imaging device of the invention, it using the superposition of multiple concentric spherical optical lens groups, is imaged without subsequent relay secondary system, realizes large visual field high resolution imaging, compared to existing imaging mode, have many advantages, such as compact-sized, small in size, light-weight, easy assembly and adjustment.
Two, imaging device of the invention, concentric spherical optical lens group is relatively fixed in imaging detector position, and subsequent software and hardware processing system is relatively easy, and is convenient to realize multispectral imaging.
Fig. 1 is the light path schematic diagram of the AWARE system of the prior art.
Fig. 2A is the narrow visual field side schematic diagram of the first illustrative examples of imaging device of the present invention.
Fig. 2 B is the wide visual field side schematic diagram of the first illustrative examples of imaging device of the present invention
Fig. 3 is the schematic diagram that observed object is absorbed under narrow visual field angle of the first illustrative examples of imaging device of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is the coincidence schematic diagram of the first optical imagery of the first illustrative examples of imaging device of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is the schematic diagram of the second illustrative examples of imaging device of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is the structural schematic diagram of imaging device third illustrative examples of the present invention.
Fig. 7 is the structural schematic diagram of concentric spherical optical lens group in Fig. 6；
Fig. 8 is concentric spherical optical lens group in Fig. 6, the schematic view of the mounting position of curvature of field corrective lens (eye protection) and detector.
Fig. 9 is the relative position schematic diagram of concentric spherical optical lens group, curvature of field corrective lens (eye protection) and detector in Fig. 6.
Figure 10 A is the full field of view image observed by imaging device shown in Fig. 6；
Figure 10 B is the view field image observed by the upper part component of imaging device shown in Fig. 6.
Figure 11 C is the view field image observed by the lower members of imaging device shown in Fig. 6.
Figure 11 is the schematic diagram of the 4th illustrative examples of imaging device of the present invention.
Further to illustrate the present invention to reach the technical means and efficacy that predetermined goal of the invention is taken, below in conjunction with attached drawing and preferred embodiment, the specific embodiment of imaging device proposed according to the present invention, the imaging system for being equipped on aircraft or automobile, step, structure, feature and its effect are described in detail.
The present invention proposes a kind of imaging device comprising: N number of concentric spherical optical lens group and M imaging detector.The concentric spherical optical lens group carries out same view field imaging to observed object, forms N
A first optical imagery, the image at least 50% position is identical between N number of first optical imagery, and N is the natural number greater than 1.The imaging detector, be arranged in the concentric spherical optical lens group at image side, each imaging detector obtains the parts of images of the different parts of first optical imagery, the sum of splicing of parts of images that the M imaging detector obtains includes at least identical at least 50% the first optical imagerys, and wherein M is the natural number greater than 1.Image is identical between N number of first optical imagery at least can be 60%~100%
It please refers to shown in Fig. 2A, Fig. 2 B, Fig. 3 and Fig. 4, is to obtain the schematic diagram of observed object, the coincidence schematic diagram of the first optical imagery under the narrow visual field side schematic diagram, wide visual field side schematic diagram, narrow visual field of the first illustrative examples of imaging device of the present invention respectively.
For ease of illustration, the imaging device 100 of illustrative examples of the Fig. 2A into Fig. 4 is illustrated with two concentric spherical optical lens groups 1 and three imaging detectors 3, wherein, the visual field of concentric spherical optical lens group 1 is 30 ° × 10 °, and the visual field of imaging detector 3 is 10 ° × 10 °
Two above-mentioned concentric spherical optical lens groups 1 are disposed adjacent, observed object S is imaged in left side concentric spherical optical lens group 1, form the first optical imagery TL (Fig. 4 solid line), first optical imagery TL is strip, has the wide cut section F in corresponding 30 ° of directions of wide visual field and the narrow section of Q in corresponding 10 ° of directions of narrow visual field.Observed object S is imaged in right side concentric spherical optical lens group 1, form the first optical imagery TR, first optical imagery TR (Fig. 4 dotted line) frame is strip, has the wide cut section F in corresponding 30 ° of directions of wide visual field and the narrow section of Q in corresponding 10 ° of directions of narrow visual field.The first optical imagery TL and the first optical imagery TR, wide cut section F are overlapped, and narrow section of Q has partial transposition, and dislocation distance is the spacing between two concentric spherical optical lens groups 1.In the present embodiment, the first optical imagery TL is overlapped at least 50% position the first optical imagery TR.In other embodiments, can be at least 55%, 60%, 70%, 75%, 80%, 83%, 85%, 87%, 90%, 95%, 96%, 97%, 98%, 99% position is overlapped or 100% position is overlapped.
Three above-mentioned imaging detectors 3, two of them imaging detector 3 be arranged in left side concentric spherical optical lens group 1 at image side, described two imaging detectors 3 obtain the parts of images that left side concentric spherical optical lens group 1 forms the 10 ° of positions in the left end wide cut section F of the first optical imagery TL, the parts of images at 10 ° of positions of right end.Another imaging detector 3 be arranged in right side concentric spherical optical lens group 1 at image side, obtain the parts of images that right side concentric spherical optical lens group 1 forms the 10 ° of positions in centre of the first optical imagery TR.The sum of parts of images splicing that these three imaging detectors 3 obtain includes the first optical imagery TL and the first optical imagery TR intersection.
Imaging device 100 described in this case, the more long environment of distance especially suitable for camera lens to object observing, such as in 15000 meters of height in the air to the shooting of earth surface or imaging environment, but be not limited thereto.The distance of camera lens to object observing can be at 30 meters or more, for example, 300 meters, 500 meters, 700 meters, 1300 meters, 3000 meters, 4000 meters, 8000 meters, ten thousand metres, 15000 meters, 20000 meters, 35000 or 30 meters to 35000 meters etc..And the spacing between each concentric spherical optical lens group 1 is generally within 0.5 meter, much smaller than the distance H of camera lens to object observing.Therefore each concentric spherical optics
The visual field of lens group 1 approximately regards same visual field as.
It please refers to shown in Fig. 5, is the schematic diagram of 100 second embodiment of imaging device of the present invention.The imaging device 100 of the present embodiment is compared with first embodiment above-mentioned, difference is to further include angle-regulation structure 30, adjusts the angle of concentric spherical optical lens group 1, so that the first optical imagery that each concentric spherical optical lens group 1 is formed is identical, or identical observed object is imaged.
It please refers to shown in Fig. 6, is the schematic diagram of 100 3rd embodiment of imaging device of the present invention.The imaging device 100 of the present embodiment, it include: two concentric spherical optical lens groups 1, six imaging detectors 3, six groups of curvature of field corrective lens (eye protection)s 6 for image quality correction, the fixed frame 7 fixed for optical component installation, the cable 8 for the software and hardware system 9 of subsequent image processing and for coupling detector Yu software and hardware processing system.
Please refer to shown in Fig. 7, above-mentioned concentric spherical optical lens group 1 is made of four pieces of spherical mirror systems, inside and outside four lens have eight effective optical surfaces, wherein in addition to two planes of two lens of internal layer, other six spherical concentrics, the radius of curvature of six spherical surfaces can be the same or different；Concentric spherical optical lens group 1 be in flat structure, incidence surface R be with wide visual field to narrow visual field to spherical calotte.
Please refer to curvature of field corrective lens (eye protection) 6 shown in Fig. 8, is arranged between above-mentioned concentric spherical optical lens group 1 and imaging detector 3, there are three groups of curvature of field corrective lens (eye protection)s 6 in this example.Target imaging can be obtained the optical imagery of about 60 ° of * 10 ° of visual fields by concentric spherical optical lens group 1, and curvature of field corrective lens (eye protection) 6 can carry out the correction of image quality correction, the especially curvature of field, can throw clearly optical imagery on the photosurface of imaging detector 3 after correction.Corresponding about 10 ° square visual fields of the photosurface of each imaging detector 3, three groups of curvature of field corrective lens (eye protection)s 6 and 9.5 degree of 3 optical axis interval of detector arrangements.
Please refer to shown in Fig. 9, the optical axis of two above-mentioned 1 laid parallels of concentric spherical optical lens group, the two central vision deflects 9.5 degree.Due to 1 laid parallel of upper layer and lower layer concentric spherical optical lens group, and for opposite shooting distance, spacing very little between the two, approximate the two can be to same view field imaging.If captured full field of view image is as shown in Figure 10 A, then so in this case, the optical imagery that upper layer concentric spherical optical lens group 1 is got is as shown in Figure 10 B, then as illustrated in figure 10 c, the image data on six imaging detectors 3 can be obtained complete image as shown in Figure 10 A to the optical imagery that lower layer's concentric spherical optical lens group 1 is got after subsequent image splicing.
Above-mentioned fixed frame 7 is mainly used for the fixation and protection of concentric spherical optical lens group 1, curvature of field corrective lens (eye protection) 6 and imaging detector 3.
Above-mentioned image processing system 9, in its mainly include hardware circuit and corresponding processing software, which receives the image data at detector 6, is pre-processed, image mosaic, compression, display and other image procossings.
Above-mentioned 3 visual field of single detector is 10 ° of square visual fields, 60 ° * 10 ° of visual field may be implemented after splicing, high resolution is up to 3000 meters 0.1 meter over the ground.Complementary metal oxide semiconductor (CMOS) light-sensitive element or charge-coupled device (CCD) light-sensitive element can be used in the detector 3.Detector 3
A kind of light spectrum image-forming detector such as visible light imaging detector, infrared spectrum imaging detector, low-light light spectrum image-forming detector, ultraviolet spectrogram imaging detector can be used.
The present invention also provides a kind of aircraft or the imaging systems of vehicle loading comprising imaging device 100 above-mentioned.
It please refers to shown in Figure 11, is the schematic diagram of 100 fourth embodiment of imaging device of the present invention.The imaging device 100 of the present embodiment includes two groups of visible light concentric spherical optical lens groups 10 and two groups of infrared light concentric spherical optical lens groups 11；Visible light concentric spherical optical lens group 10 is provided with visible light curvature of field corrective lens (eye protection) and visual light imaging detector 12 at image side；Infrared light concentric spherical optical lens group 11 is provided with infrared curvature of field corrective lens (eye protection) and infrared imaging detector 13 at image side.Due to, two sets of concentric spherical optical lens groups 10,11 lie adjacents, mutual spacing is much smaller than shooting distance, therefore, still approximation shoots same visual field for visible light and infrared imaging system, the realization full view multispectral imaging that cooperation software and hardware processing system 9 can be convenient, makes up the limited defect of single spectral information.Except visible light and it is infrared in addition to can with but be not limited only to the multispectral imagings such as ultraviolet, low-light, Terahertz.
Imaging device 100 of the invention, use multiple concentric spherical optical lens groups and multiple imaging detectors, the visual field missing in detector edge non-photo-sensing region can be made up, therefore has many advantages, such as that compact-sized, high resolution, visual field are big, visual field is complete, system bulk is small, light-weight.
Although the present invention has been disclosed as a preferred embodiment, it is so not intended to limit the invention the range of implementation, simple equivalent changes and modifications made by claims according to the present invention and description, in the range of still falling within technical solution of the present invention.
Claims (12)
- A kind of imaging device characterized by comprisingSame observed object is imaged in N number of concentric spherical optical lens group, each optical lens group, forms N number of first optical imagery, and N is the natural number greater than 1；AndM imaging detector, be arranged in the concentric spherical optical lens group at image side, each imaging detector obtains the parts of images of the different parts of first optical imagery, and converts electric signal for the optical signal of the parts of images, and M is the natural number greater than 1.
- A kind of imaging device, it is characterised in that comprising:N number of concentric spherical optical lens group, each concentric spherical optical lens group carry out same view field imaging to observed object, form N number of first optical imagery, and the image at least 50% position is identical between N number of first optical imagery, and N is the natural number greater than 1；AndM imaging detector, be arranged in the concentric spherical optical lens group at image side, each imaging detector obtains the parts of images of the different parts of first optical imagery, the sum of splicing of parts of images that the M imaging detector obtains includes at least identical at least 50% the first optical imagerys, and wherein M is the natural number greater than 1.
- Imaging device as claimed in claim 1 or 2, which is characterized in that its further include:M image calibration telescope direct, be arranged in the concentric spherical optical lens group at image side, between the concentric spherical optical lens group and the imaging detector, image quality correction is carried out to first optical imagery, and the first optical imagery after image quality is corrected is supplied to imaging detector.
- Imaging device as claimed in claim 1 or 2, which is characterized in that the first optical imagery that wherein the concentric spherical optical lens group is formed is strip.
- Imaging device as claimed in claim 3, which is characterized in that its further include:Mechanical mechanism, for fixing and protecting the concentric spherical optical lens group, the imaging detector and described image corrective lens (eye protection).
- Imaging device as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that its further include:Angle-adjusting mechanism adjusts the angle between N number of concentric spherical optical lens group, so that same observed object is imaged in each concentric spherical optical lens group.
- Imaging device as claimed in claim 1 or 2, which is characterized in that its further include:Image processing system is connect with the M imaging detector signal, receives the electric signal of the imaging detector conversion, is carried out Nonuniformity Correction, image distortion correction, image mosaic, image storage, compression of images and/or image and is shown.
- Imaging device as claimed in claim 1 or 2, which is characterized in that the concentric spherical optical lens group includes the spherical lens of four flat rows with the identical centre of sphere.
- Imaging device as claimed in claim 1 or 2, which is characterized in that the imaging detector For complementary metal oxide semiconductor light-sensitive element or charge-coupled device light-sensitive element.
- Imaging device as claimed in claim 1 or 2, which is characterized in that the imaging detector is visual light imaging detector, infrared imaging detector, low-light level imaging detector, ultraviolet imaging detector, Terahertz as detector or combinations thereof.
- A kind of imaging system being equipped on aircraft or automobile, characterized in that it comprises: the imaging device as described in any one of claims 1 to 10.
- A kind of multi-optical spectrum imaging system, characterized in that it comprises: the imaging device as described in any one of claims 1 to 10.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| PCT/CN2015/081462 WO2016201604A1 (en) | 2015-06-15 | 2015-06-15 | Imaging device |
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| CN107850775A true CN107850775A (en) | 2018-03-27 |
| CN107850775B CN107850775B (en) | 2020-06-26 |
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| CN112525342A (en) * | 2020-11-10 | 2021-03-19 | 中国科学院空天信息创新研究院 | Imaging field of view mosaic structure |
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| CN107850775B (en) | 2020-06-26 |
| WO2016201604A1 (en) | 2016-12-22 |
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Address after: No.25, Kaixuan West Road, Luoyang, Henan, 471000 Patentee after: LUOYANG INSTITUTE OF ELECTRO-OPTICAL EQUIPMENT OF AVIC Address before: No.25, Kaixuan West Road, Luoyang, Henan, 471000 Patentee before: LUOYANG INSTITUTE OF ELECTRO-OPTICAL EQUIPMENT OF AVIC |
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