CN107839489A - A kind of pantograph - Google Patents
A kind of pantograph Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN107839489A CN107839489A CN201711240955.4A CN201711240955A CN107839489A CN 107839489 A CN107839489 A CN 107839489A CN 201711240955 A CN201711240955 A CN 201711240955A CN 107839489 A CN107839489 A CN 107839489A
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- Prior art keywords
- chamber
- piston
- piston rod
- valve
- oil
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L5/00—Current collectors for power supply lines of electrically-propelled vehicles
- B60L5/18—Current collectors for power supply lines of electrically-propelled vehicles using bow-type collectors in contact with trolley wire
- B60L5/22—Supporting means for the contact bow
- B60L5/28—Devices for lifting and resetting the collector
- B60L5/32—Devices for lifting and resetting the collector using fluid pressure
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
- F16F9/00—Springs, vibration-dampers, shock-absorbers, or similarly-constructed movement-dampers using a fluid or the equivalent as damping medium
- F16F9/32—Details
- F16F9/3207—Constructional features
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
- F16F9/00—Springs, vibration-dampers, shock-absorbers, or similarly-constructed movement-dampers using a fluid or the equivalent as damping medium
- F16F9/32—Details
- F16F9/34—Special valve constructions; Shape or construction of throttling passages
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
- F16F9/00—Springs, vibration-dampers, shock-absorbers, or similarly-constructed movement-dampers using a fluid or the equivalent as damping medium
- F16F9/32—Details
- F16F9/36—Special sealings, including sealings or guides for piston-rods
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02T90/10—Technologies relating to charging of electric vehicles
- Y02T90/16—Information or communication technologies improving the operation of electric vehicles
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Transportation (AREA)
- Fluid-Damping Devices (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of pantograph, including parts such as damper, chassis, bow-lifting devices, the damper includes oil storage cylinder, oil cylinder, guidance, piston rod, piston, hydraulic oil and foot valve seat, the throttle orifice that multiple one end connect with oil-through-hole is provided with the piston rod, the other end of throttle orifice is towards the opening beyond piston rod, the opening of throttle orifice can be exposed in I chamber and/or be covered by guidance, at least two throttle orifices be distributed in piston rod to diverse location；Pad is provided between the axial inner end of the oil cylinder and the foot valve seat it is used for regulating piston bar and stretches out stretching maximum damping force in stroke.Present invention eliminates the adjustment structure for adjusting stretching maximum damping force size by nut, spring and valve block in the prior art, and it is changed to adjust the size of stretching maximum damping force using by installing the pad of different-thickness additional.Pantograph of the present invention is well positioned to meet the applying working condition requirement of pantograph.It is simple and easy, it is easy to maintenance.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of pantograph, is applied to the rails such as electric locomotive, city rail vehicle, EMUs more particularly, to one kind
The pantograph of road vehicular traffic.
Background technology
Pantograph is the critical component of the rail traffic vehicles such as electric locomotive, city rail vehicle, EMUs, and it is installed on track
The roof of vehicular traffic, bow rise collects obtaining current after being contacted with contact net from contact net, and electric current is sent into in-car confession
Locomotive uses.Pantograph generally includes：Chassis, damper, bow-lifting device, underarm, bow assembling, lower guide rod, upper arm, top guide bar,
Bow, slide plate and rising bow air source control valve Ban Deng mechanisms, and damper is arranged between chassis and underarm.Pantograph is from contact net
It is upper collection obtaining current smooth degree it is relevant with the contact between slide plate and contact line, transition resistance, contact area, depending on by
Interaction between pantograph and contact net；And the main function of damper is the vibration locomotive by the pantograph that decays
Pantograph and contact net pressure change are little when the speed of service changes.
As shown in Figure 1, damper is in compressed line during pantograph rising bow for the damping capacity requirement of pantograph damper
Journey, under rising bow speed, damper is maintained at a metastable less damping force, it is ensured that bow fast and stable it is upper
Rise, reach and be maintained at contact net height；Damper is in stretching travel during pantograph drop bow, in the case where drop bends speed, damper
Above most of stroke is maintained at a metastable less damping force, and below, damping force increases rapidly in fraction stroke
Add, it is ensured that cushioning effect and smoothly dropped to from when bow is down to certain altitude on chassis.
When damper works, piston rod band piston makees stretching in oil cylinder and compression moves back and forth, and hydraulic oil is through resistance
Make frictional flow when hole in Buddhist nun's device and valve and produce damping force, meanwhile, the vibrational energy of pantograph is converted into liquid by damper
The heat of force feed and dissipate.The damping characteristic and sealing property of scheme generally existing damper in currently available technology can not be very
The good phenomenon for meeting requirement.The size of damping force can be damped the influence of associated components sealing effectiveness inside device, deposit
Easy oil leakage and damping force weaken or disappear the problem of；The dimensioned precision and uniformity of damper correlation spare and accessory parts can be tight
Its damping force size and sealing effectiveness are had influence on again；It is very big to stretch the margin of tolerance of maximum damping force (in accompanying drawing 1 at B), it is maximum
Easily had a rebound phenomenon when damping force is excessive during drop bow, and infringement is produced to pantograph and chassis；And the maximum damping of stretching
Power cannot be adjusted and control (in accompanying drawing 1 at B).
A kind of railway electric locomotive pantograph damper, including an oil storage are provided in patent CN201220614261.9
Cylinder, one of oil storage cylinder are welded with chassis so that oil storage cylinder turns into the oil storage cylinder of a half opening, the other end installation of oil storage cylinder
There is guided bearing seat, guided bearing seat is arranged in oil storage cylinder, locked by pressure cylinder axially position, and by locking nut；It is oriented to
Inserted with piston rod, the termination that piston rod is located in oil storage cylinder is provided with piston at fulcrum bearing center, and piston can be with pressure cylinder
Moved axially with piston rod；Its feature is, in piston rod and piston contact, the end face on piston rod one side is provided with piston list
To valve, damping hole is provided with piston, while the top of piston rod is provided with regulating valve, is also provided with pressure resistance on the piston rod
Buddhist nun hole；Pressure damping hole position passes through regulating valve and the pressure of piston another side in one side of piston rod depended on pressure cylinder high pressure chest
Power cylinder low pressure chamber is connected；Check valve and bottom valve are provided between pressure cylinder and chassis, check valve and bottom valve, which are close to, to be arranged on
Together.The stretching maximum damping force of damper cannot be adjusted and control in the patent.
In addition, a kind of pantograph damper damping throttling arrangement is disclosed in patent CN201310381795.0, oil cylinder
One end is sealed by guidance, and guidance is provided with centre bore, is provided support for piston rod and is oriented to, the other end of oil cylinder passes through foot valve seat
Sealing.On the piston rod, piston divides oil cylinder for piston, spring base, spring, compression valve block, extension spring valve block and baffle plate installation
For I chamber and II chamber, piston is provided with the stretching throttle orifice in reversed arrangement and compression throttling hole each other.Piston is close to the chamber of oil cylinder I
The compression valve block of one side end face is covered on compression throttling hole, and pushes down compression valve block by spring, and spring is fixed on spring
On seat.It is covered in positioned at piston close to the extension spring valve block of the side end face of II chamber of oil cylinder one on stretching throttle orifice, and passes through gear
Plate pushes down extension spring valve block, and baffle plate is fixed on the piston rod by locking nut.The invention can be overcome existing for prior art
When piston rod is stretched to final stage stroke, damping force size can not carry out the technological deficiency of any regulation and control.Although should
Given in patent it is a kind of adjust damper stretching maximum damping force scheme, but in the program in piston close to the chamber one of oil cylinder I
Side end face and piston are provided with spring valve plate on the side end face of II chamber one, wherein particular by nut, spring and valve block
To finely tune stretching maximum damping force, such structure is very easy to loosen, thus adjusts the stretching of damper most using the structure
Big damping force is simultaneously unreliable.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the present invention in view of the shortcomings of the prior art, there is provided a kind of pantograph damper and accordingly contain
The pantograph of the damper, the size of the stretching maximum damping force of damper can be conveniently adjusted so that the operation of pantograph
It is stable.
Therefore, the present invention provides a kind of pantograph, including damper, chassis, bow-lifting device, underarm, bow assembling, under lead
Bar, upper arm, top guide bar, bow, slide plate and rising bow air source control valve plate, the damper include oil storage cylinder, oil cylinder, guidance, work
Stopper rod, piston, hydraulic oil and foot valve seat, with hydraulic oil (9) for working media, oil cylinder (7) both ends pass through the damper
In the oil storage cylinder (8), it is the work that the guidance (4), which is provided with, for the guidance (4) and the foot valve seat (12) location and installation
Stopper rod (1) provides support and the centre bore being oriented to, and the piston rod (1) drives the piston (22) in oil cylinder under external force
It is interior reciprocating；The oil storage cylinder (8) is divided into I chamber by the guidance (4), oil cylinder (7), piston (22) and foot valve seat (12)
(81), II chamber (82) and III chamber (83), and oil cylinder (7) radially inner side and axial direction are between guidance (4) and piston (22)
Space is I chamber, and the space of oil cylinder (7) radially inner side and axial direction between foot valve seat (12) and piston (22) is II chamber, main
The space to include radially on the outside of oil cylinder (7) and on the inside of oil storage cylinder (8) is III chamber, and hydraulic pressure is provided with the piston (22)
The passage that oil can flow between I chamber and II chamber, being provided with hydraulic oil on the foot valve seat (12) can be between II chamber and III chamber
The passage of flowing, in the case where hydraulic oil leaks not from guidance (4), hydraulic oil does not circulate between I chamber and III chamber；In work
When stopper rod stretches out, hydraulic oil enters II chamber from I chamber and III chamber, and when piston rod inwardly compresses, hydraulic oil enters from II chamber
Enter I chamber and III chamber, the piston rod (1) is provided with oil-through-hole (25) at center, and oil-through-hole (25) is blind in piston rod to be arranged on
Hole, its opening are communicated with II chamber, and the throttling that multiple one end connect with oil-through-hole (25) is additionally provided with the piston rod (1)
Hole (26), the other end of throttle orifice (26) be towards the opening beyond piston rod, the opening of throttle orifice can be exposed to I chamber neutralize/
Or covered by guidance (4), at least two throttle orifices (26) are distributed in the diverse location of piston rod (1) axial direction so that in piston
Throttle orifice (26) is gradually covered by guidance (4) during bar stretches out, and the throttle orifice in the inside compression process of piston rod
(26) gradually it is exposed in I chamber；Pad (11) use is provided between the axial inner end of the oil cylinder (7) and the foot valve seat (12)
The stretching maximum damping force in stroke is stretched out in regulating piston bar.
In a kind of specific embodiment, it is used for dynamic sealing piston provided with two in the central hole of the guidance (4)
The movable sealing structure (6) of bar, and at the diverse location on two centrally disposed hole axial directions of movable sealing structure (6), two
Movable sealing structure (6) is Glais ring.
In a kind of specific embodiment, guidance (4) is communicated with one end of the guidance (4) away from piston (22)
Centre bore and III chamber (83) and the anti-small opening of oil return (27) for preventing hydraulic fluid leak to its exterior, and in centre bore
On axial direction, two movable sealing structures (6) are arranged at the same side of the anti-small opening of oil return (27).
In a kind of specific embodiment, the pad is copper backing, and the thickness of the pad is 0.5~3mm.Institute
State pad be, for example, teflon gasket or copper backing these can play sealing effectiveness and the maximum damping of regulation stretching simultaneously
The pad of power effect, but more preferably copper backing.
In a kind of specific embodiment, the thickness of the pad is 1~2mm.Specifically, the thickness of the pad is
During 1~2mm, add or withdraw from the pad cause in same damper stretch maximum damping force size produce about 1000~
2000N change.
In a kind of specific embodiment, multiple circumferential compression throttling holes (19) and extremely are provided with the piston (22)
Few stretching normal open hole (21), the circumferential compression throttling hole (19) is in through hole shape in the axial direction of piston (22), and in institute
State piston (22) and the side of I chamber is provided with piston check valve (23) and baffle plate (24), and piston (22) and piston check valve
(23) it is bullet by being threadedly secured on piston rod (1) on locking nut (18) and piston rod, the piston check valve (23)
Spring valve structure, pushed down by the baffle plate (24), and be covered in the compression throttling of the piston (22) close to I chamber side
On hole (19) so that piston check valve (23) compresses covering compression throttling hole (19) without allowing hydraulic pressure when piston rod stretches out
Oil through piston check valve (23) and multiple compression throttling hole (19) places from I chamber, II chamber of inflow, and the liquid when piston rod inwardly compresses
Force feed can overcome spring force to open piston check valve (23) top so that hydraulic oil is from multiple compression throttling holes (19) and piston list
I chamber is flowed into valve (23) place from II chamber；Stretching normal open hole (21) be angling hole, stretch normal open hole (21) one end it is direct or
I chamber of connection is kept indirectly, and its other end connects some compression throttling hole (19) so that hydraulic oil is through drawing when piston rod stretches out
Stretch normal open hole (21) and flow into II chamber from I chamber with compression throttling hole (19) place that the stretching normal open hole (21) connects.Specifically, originally
In invention, the diameter in stretching normal open hole is determined by the maximum tension damping force in damper.
In a kind of specific embodiment, the foot valve seat (12) is provided with stretching throttle orifice (17) and compression throttling hole
(15), it is stamped bottom valve stretching valve (10) close to the side end face overlying of II chamber one in stretching throttle orifice (17) so that hydraulic oil can be
Drawn throttle orifice (17) and bottom valve stretch valve (10) place and flow into II chamber from III chamber when piston rod stretches；In compression throttling hole (15)
The first bottom valve compression valve (13) and the second bottom valve compression valve (14) are stamped away from the side end face overlying of II chamber one so that hydraulic oil can be with
When piston rod inwardly compresses III chamber is flowed at compressed throttle orifice (15) and two bottom valve compression valves from II chamber；First bottom valve pressure
Contracting valve (13) and the second bottom valve compression valve (14) are arranged at step of the foot valve seat (12) away from II chamber side, the compression of the first bottom valve
Valve (13) and the second bottom valve compression valve (14) are covered on described (12) two step surfaces of foot valve seat so that the first bottom valve compression valve
(13) axial gap is formed between the second bottom valve compression valve (14), the foot valve seat (12) is additionally provided with spill port (16), described
One end of spill port (16) connects the axial gap and the other end connects II chamber so that hydraulic oil can when piston rod inwardly compresses
To be back at axial gap in II chamber, so keep piston rod inwardly compression during the entire process of keep relative stability compared with
Small damping force.Specifically, the structure of bottom valve the stretching valve 10 and piston check valve 23 is same or similar, all sets waveform bullet
Spring, in two cavitys separated by the valve the change of pressure change the mobility status of hydraulic oil.The first bottom valve compression
The bottom valve compression valve 14 of valve 13 and second is all not provided with spring, but changes the stream of hydraulic oil by the stiffness variation of itself steel disc
It is dynamic.
In a kind of specific embodiment, the guidance (4) is in the contact surface with the oil storage cylinder (8) and oil cylinder (7)
Place is respectively equipped with the first static seal structure (3) and the second static seal structure (5), and first static seal structure (3) and second
Static seal structure (5) is O-ring.
In a kind of specific embodiment, between the outer surface of the piston (22) and the inner surface of the oil cylinder (7)
Coordinate for gap, guide ring and Ge Lai circles (20) are provided with the outer surface of the piston (22).In the appearance of the piston
Dynamic sealing and location structure are formed between the inner surface of face and the oil cylinder.
The present invention also provides the adjusting method that maximum damping force size is stretched in a kind of pantograph damper, methods described
Adjusted including stretching the diameter in normal open hole in piston by designing, and by oil cylinder after damper is designed
Thickness is set to be adjusted for 0 to the pad of different-thickness between 3mm between foot valve seat.
The operation principle of the technical program is described as follows：Band piston stretches piston rod in oil cylinder under external force
When being moved back and forth with compression, hydraulic oil makees reciprocation cycle flowing in oil cylinder, by when the hole in damper and valve because friction
And produce damping force.When piston rod stretches out, the pressure of I chamber increases and the pressure of II chamber reduces, therefore, piston check valve
23 are closed, and hydraulic oil is entered by the stretching normal open hole 21 on piston and the throttle orifice 26 on piston rod and center oil-through-hole 25
II chamber；When the throttle orifice 26 on piston rod is gradually covered by guidance, pressure increases rapidly in I chamber, causes stretching damping force fast
Speed increase；When the throttle orifice on piston rod is all covered by guidance, hydraulic oil can only pass through the stretching normal open on piston in I chamber
Hole 21 enters II chamber, and stretching damping force reaches maximum.Meanwhile as piston rod stretches out, because volume is led shared by piston rod
Cause The hydraulic oil in I chamber small, thus II chamber fluid can not be full of and form negative pressure, cause bottom valve stretching valve 10 to be opened, bottom valve pressure
Contracting valve 13,14 is closed, and hydraulic oil enters II chamber from III chamber.Therefore, the technical program ensure that above most of in drawing process
The less damping force that stroke damping force keeps relative stability, behind the damping characteristic that increases rapidly of fraction stroke tensile force.
When piston rod inwardly compresses, the pressure of II chamber increases and the pressure of I chamber reduces, and therefore, piston check valve 23 is opened,
Hydraulic oil can enter I chamber at multiple circumferential compression throttling holes 19, moreover, as the throttle orifice on piston rod is gradually backed out leading
When holding and entering oil cylinder, hydraulic oil can also enter I chamber by the center oil-through-hole 25 on piston rod and throttle orifice 26 from II chamber；Together
When, with the entrance of piston rod, unnecessary hydraulic pressure oil overhold opens bottom valve compression valve 13,14 into III chamber in II chamber.Wherein, bottom valve pressure
The Opening pressure of contracting valve is bigger than piston check valve 23, and III chamber, compression resistance are entered back into ensure that the hydraulic oil in II chamber is introduced into I chamber
Buddhist nun's power is mainly determined by the Opening pressure of bottom valve compression valve.Two bottom valve compression valves are equipped with a valve block in the present invention, respectively
It is covered on two step surfaces of the foot valve seat away from II chamber side, and the spill port for leading to II chamber is provided between two valve blocks,
Pressure difference between the two and resulting damping force are reduced, and causes damping force to produce process stabilization.Therefore, this technology
Scheme ensure that the less damping force that damper keeps relative stability in whole compression process.
Guidance is provided with two static seal structures and two movable sealing structures in the present invention, can be that piston rod moves back and forth
Effective low pressure external seal and the effect of high pressure interior sealing are provided, efficiently solve the problems, such as damper easy oil leakage and resulting resistance
The problem of Buddhist nun's power weakens or disappeared.Before using movable sealing structure of the present invention, because of gap between piston rod and guidance
The area of passage in normal open hole 21 is stretched on the area of passage and piston of formation in same magnitude, therefore the processing matter of correlated parts
Amount and uniformity can have a strong impact on the stretching maximum damping force of fraction stroke behind when damper stretches.Guidance in the present invention
The high-voltage oil liquid that two movable sealing structures can completely cut off in I chamber enters gap between piston rod and guidance, and prevents these entrance
The hydraulic oil in gap enters II chamber by piston rod throttle orifice 26 and center oil-through-hole 25.Thus this invention removes the phases such as guidance
The influence of the dimensioned precision and uniformity of spare and accessory parts to stretching maximum damping force size is closed, ensure that the stability of damping force
And uniformity, and part difficulty of processing is reduced, it is cost-effective.
Maximum damping force is stretched in the present invention, and also by throttle orifice on piston rod 26, from guidance end face, (i.e. guidance connects with I chamber
Tactile end face) enter guidance depth influence, it is bigger that throttle orifice 26 from guidance end enters guidance depth, stretches maximum resistance
Buddhist nun's power is bigger.When the thickness of installation pad is bigger between oil cylinder and foot valve seat in the present invention, under same piston stroke
Guidance will move to the direction away from foot valve seat 12, and the depth that piston rod throttle orifice can enter guidance is smaller, the damper
Maximum damping force is stretched with regard to smaller；Conversely, the thickness for installing pad additional is got over hour, stretching maximum damping force is bigger.Therefore, this hair
The stretching maximum damping force of bright middle damper can carry out stretching maximum damping in certain limit by changing the thickness of pad
The regulation and control of power size.
Pantograph damper of the present invention can produce damping characteristic as shown in Figure 1, meet pantograph well
Applying working condition requirement, it is and simple in construction, it is easy to accomplish, have further the advantage that：
1) present invention eliminates the tune for adjusting stretching maximum damping force size by nut, spring and valve block in the prior art
Nodule structure, and be changed to adjust the size of stretching maximum damping force using by installing the pad of different-thickness additional.It is simple and easy, dimension
Repair conveniently.
2) structures such as the damper is sealed by guidance, piston seal and pad compensate effectively are realized outside damper low pressure
Sealing and the effect of high pressure interior sealing, solve the problems, such as that damper easy oil leakage and resulting damping force weaken or disappeared substantially
The problem of.
3) damper takes full advantage of guidance movable sealing structure, and the size that can eliminate the related spare and accessory parts such as guidance adds
The influence of work precision and uniformity to damping force size, ensure that the stability and uniformity of damping force, and reduce part
Difficulty of processing, it is cost-effective.
4) size of the stretching maximum damping force of the damper is mainly ensured by the stretching normal open hole 21 on piston, is not deposited
Valve system failure and clamping stagnation reason cause damping force to beat the problems such as, ensure that the uniformity and stability of damping force.
5) damper is provided between the first bottom valve compression valve 13 and the second bottom valve compression valve 14 leads to returning for II chamber
Oilhole 16, the pressure difference of bottom valve both sides and resulting damping force are reduced, and ensure that damping force produces process stabilization.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is that the damping force of pantograph damper of the present invention requires schematic diagram；
Fig. 2 is the damper structure schematic diagram of the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 3 is the structural representation of the piston rod of damper in the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 4 is the structural representation of the piston of damper in the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is the position and the structural representation to be splitted at Fig. 4 bends irised out in Fig. 4 with circle.
Embodiment
The present invention will be further described with specific embodiment below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
As shown in Figure 1, the stretching damping force of pantograph damper of the present invention and compression damping power is not very
Symmetrically, in whole compression process damping force require keep a metastable less damping force, and in drawing process before
Most of stroke damping force requirement is maintained at a metastable less damping force, the damping force in fraction stroke below
Need to increase sharply, a peak value occur.
As shown in accompanying drawing 2~5, a kind of pantograph damper of the present embodiment, including：Oil storage cylinder 8, oil cylinder 7, guidance group
Dress, piston rod assembling, hydraulic oil 9 and bottom valve assembling；Guidance assembling includes guidance 4 and its sealing structure, and sealing structure is included in
With being provided with two static seal structures 3,5 at the contact surface of oil storage cylinder 8 and oil cylinder 7, using O-ring；In being contacted with piston rod 1
Two movable sealing structures 6 are provided with heart hole, are enclosed using lattice；Piston rod assembling includes piston rod 1, baffle plate 24, piston check valve
23rd, the guide ring and Ge Lai circles that piston assembling and locking nut 18, wherein piston assembling include piston 22 and its outer surface is set
20, piston 22, piston check valve 23 are fixed on piston rod 1 by locking nut 18, and piston 22 and locking nut 18 pass through screw thread
It is fastened on piston rod 1；Piston rod 1 is provided with oil-through-hole 25 and some throttle orifices 26 at center as shown in Figure 3, described
The progressive distribution in axial direction of the throttle orifice 26 along piston rod 1, in drawing process A-B strokes shown in accompanying drawing 1, the throttle orifice 26 is gradual
All it can be covered by the guidance 4；Piston 22 is provided with circumferential compression throttling hole 19 and stretching normal open hole as shown in figs. 4 and 5
21, stretching normal open hole 21 is the very short inclined hole of a length, and its diameter is determined by maximum tension damping force；Piston check valve 23
For spring valve plate structure, pushed down by baffle plate 24, and be covered in piston 22 on the compression throttling hole 19 of I chamber side；Bottom valve
Assembling includes foot valve seat 12, pad 11, bottom valve stretching valve 10 and bottom valve compression valve 13,14, and foot valve seat 12 is provided with stretching throttling
Hole 17 and compression throttling hole 15 and spill port 16, bottom valve stretching valve 10 are covered in drawing of the foot valve seat 12 close to the side end face of II chamber one
Stretch on throttle orifice 17, bottom valve compression valve 13,14 is covered in foot valve seat (12) on the compression throttling hole 15 of the side end face of III chamber one.
The spill port 16 for leading to II chamber is provided between two compression valve blocks 13,14, installs pad 11 between oil cylinder 7 and foot valve seat 12 additional.
The both ends of oil cylinder 7 are positioned, installed and are sealed in oil storage cylinder 8 by guidance 4 and foot valve seat 12, and guidance 4 is provided with center
Hole, for piston rod 1 provide support and be oriented to, guidance 4, oil cylinder 7, piston 22 and foot valve seat 12 by oil storage cylinder 8 divide for I chamber, II chamber,
III chamber, damping throttling and sealing device are working media with hydraulic oil 9, and piston rod 1 is under external force with piston 22 in oil
It is reciprocating in cylinder 7, force hydraulic oil 9 I chamber, II chamber, III cavity circulation flowing, by when damping hole and valve system because rubbing
Wipe and produce damping force.
When piston rod 1 stretches out, the pressure of I chamber increases and the pressure of II chamber reduces, and therefore, piston check valve 23 closes
Close, the hydraulic oil 9 in I chambers enters II chamber by the normal open hole 21 on piston 22 and passes through the throttle orifice on piston rod 1
26 and center oil-through-hole 25 enter II chamber；When the throttle orifice 26 on piston rod 1 is gradually covered by guidance 4, i.e., into accompanying drawing 1
A points, pressure increases rapidly in I chamber, causes to stretch damping force and increases rapidly；When the throttle orifice 26 on piston rod 1 is all led
When holding 4 covering, hydraulic oil 9 can only enter II chamber by the normal open hole 21 on piston 22 in I chamber, and stretching damping force reaches maximum
Value, i.e., the B points in accompanying drawing 1.Meanwhile as piston rod 1 stretches out, because volume shared by piston rod 1 causes hydraulic oil 9 in II chamber
It can not be full of, II chamber forms negative pressure, causes bottom valve stretching valve 10 to be opened, bottom valve compression valve 13,14 is closed, and hydraulic oil 9 is from III chamber
Into II chamber.Therefore, present embodiment ensure that in drawing process above most of stroke damping force keep relative stability it is smaller
Damping force, behind the damping characteristic that increases rapidly of fraction stroke tensile force.
When piston rod 1 inwardly compresses, the pressure of II chamber increases and the pressure of I chamber reduces, and therefore, piston check valve 23 is beaten
Open, hydraulic oil 9 can enter I chamber from multiple circumferential compression throttling holes 19, moreover, with the throttle orifice 26 on piston rod 1 by
When gradually exiting guidance 4, hydraulic oil 9 can also enter I chamber by the center oil-through-hole 25 on piston rod 1 and throttle orifice 26 from II chamber；
Meanwhile with the entrance of piston rod 1, unnecessary hydraulic oil 9 top opens bottom valve compression valve 13,14 and enters III chamber in II chamber.Wherein, bottom
The Opening pressure of valve compression valve 13 is bigger than piston check valve 23, and Opening pressure of the compression damping power mainly by bottom valve compression valve 13 is true
It is fixed.Bottom valve compression valve 13,14 is provided with two valve blocks altogether in the present invention, is covered in two steps of the foot valve seat 12 close to III chamber side
On face, and it is provided between two valve blocks and leads to the spill port 16 of II chamber, reduces pressure difference between the two and resulting
Damping force, and cause damping force to produce process stabilization.Therefore, present embodiment ensure that keeping relatively steady in whole compression process
Fixed less damping force.
The working face of piston rod 1 uses particulate metal ceramic spraying PROCESS FOR TREATMENT in the present embodiment, and guidance 4 is provided with two O
Type circle static seal structure 3,5 and two lattice enclose movable sealing structure 6, can be moved back and forth for piston rod 1 and provide effective low pressure
External seal and the effect of high pressure interior sealing, efficiently solve the problems, such as that damper easy oil leakage and resulting damping force weaken or disappeared
The problem of mistake, and service life greatly improves.When the movable sealing structure 6 is not used, damper is because piston rod 1 and guidance
The area of passage and the area of passage in piston normal open hole 21 that gap is formed between 4 in same magnitude, therefore correlated parts plus
Working medium amount and uniformity can have a strong impact on the stretching maximum damping force at B points in accompanying drawing 1.Section in the present embodiment on piston rod 1
After discharge orifice 26 is covered by guidance 4, the high-voltage oil liquid 9 that the movable sealing structure 6 of guidance 4 can completely cut off in I chamber enters piston rod 1 and led
Gap between holding 4, and prevent fluid from entering II chamber by throttle orifice 26 and center oil-through-hole 25, so as to eliminate the phases such as guidance 4
Close the influence to damping force size of dimensioned precision and uniformity of spare and accessory parts, ensure that the stability of damping force with it is consistent
Property, and part difficulty of processing is reduced, it is cost-effective.
Maximum damping force is stretched in addition to the diameter dimension in stretching normal open hole 21, in the present invention also by piston rod 1
Throttle orifice 26 enters the influence of the depth of guidance 4 from guidance end face (the guidance face adjacent with I chambers), and piston rod can be from guidance end face
Bigger into the depth of guidance 4, stretching maximum damping force is bigger.Carried out in the present embodiment by changing the thickness of pad 11
The size of regulation and restrained stretching maximum damping force in certain limit.Install the thickness of pad 11 between oil cylinder 7 and foot valve seat 12 additional
When bigger, the depth that guidance 4 is entered in same stroke lower piston rod throttle orifice 26 is smaller, and stretching maximum damping force is got over
It is small；Conversely, stretching maximum damping force is bigger.
Therefore this example demonstrates that pantograph damper can produce damping capacity requirement as shown in Figure 1, it is full
Requirement when sufficient pantograph rising bow, current collection, drop bow, by setting certain thickness pad effectively to adjust the maximum resistance of stretching
The size of Buddhist nun's power.And the influence of the dimensioned precision and uniformity of related spare and accessory parts to damping force size can be eliminated, have
Effect solves the problems, such as that damper easy oil leakage and damping force weaken or disappeared, and simple in construction, and damping force can easily be accommodated, and reduce
Difficulty of processing, uniformity is improved, ensure that damping force is stable.
In a particular embodiment, the throttle orifice 26 1 in the present embodiment shares 7, wherein first group of three steps
Type throttle orifice is arranged in order in the axial direction as shown in Figure 3, and a diameter of 2mm of its big footpath section, path section directly connects with oil-through-hole 25
It is logical, a diameter of 0.8mm of path section.Second group of stepped ramp type throttle orifice is also three stepped ramp type being arranged in order in the axial direction throttlings
Hole, but second group is different in the radial position of piston rod from first group of stepped ramp type throttle orifice.And six of first group and second group
It is overall between stepped ramp type throttle orifice to be staggered like distribution in the axial direction.In addition, also one a diameter of 2mm cylindrical orifice
Distribution is on the piston rod.
As can be seen from Fig. 4,11 circumferential compression throttling holes 19 of the same size are the through hole on piston movement direction,
The groove for connecting each circumferential compression throttling hole 19 is provided with close to the end face of I chamber in piston, piston check valve 23 is at I chamber 81
Groove and circumferential compression throttling hole 19 are all covered, 23, piston check valve allows hydraulic oil from II chamber through multiple circumferential compressions
Throttle orifice 19 flows to I chamber, without allowing hydraulic oil to flow into II chamber through multiple circumferential compression throttling holes 19 from I chamber.But on piston
It is provided with an inclined hole passage and stretches normal open hole 21, the one end in stretching normal open hole 21 is by being arranged on circumferential compression throttling hole 19
The groove of radially inner side connects I chamber, and its other end makes with being connected inside the through hole in the 12nd circumferential compression throttling hole 19
Obtaining hydraulic oil can keep being flowed into II chamber by I chamber from there during piston rod stretches out.
In the damper of the present invention, in piston rod drawing process, hydraulic oil first flows into II chamber from I chamber, then from III chamber stream
Enter II chamber；And in piston rod compression process, hydraulic oil first flows into I chamber from II chamber, then flows into III chamber from II chamber.
In piston rod compression process and hydraulic oil from II chamber flow into I chamber when, hydraulic oil can be from the circumference of multiple through hole shapes
Spring force is overcome to open the top of piston check valve 23 at compression throttling hole 19, hydraulic oil is at multiple circumferential compression throttling holes 19 and work
Fill in pass through from II chamber at check valve 23 and flow into I chamber.In addition, when throttle orifice 26 is partly or entirely from guidance in piston rod compression process
When exposing, hydraulic oil is drained into I chamber also from II chamber through entering throttle orifice 26 at oil-through-hole 25.In addition, visible in Fig. 2, institute
Stating damper also includes setting the outside framework oil seal 2 on the outside of guidance in the axial direction.
Above content is to combine the further description that specific preferred embodiment is made to the present invention, it is impossible to assert this
The specific implementation of invention is confined to these explanations.For general technical staff of the technical field of the invention, not
On the premise of departing from present inventive concept, some simple deductions can also be made and replaced, should all be considered as belonging to the guarantor of the present invention
Protect scope.
Claims (9)
1. a kind of pantograph, including damper, chassis, bow-lifting device, underarm, bow assembling, lower guide rod, upper arm, top guide bar, bow
Head, slide plate and rising bow air source control valve plate,
The damper includes oil storage cylinder (8), oil cylinder (7), guidance (4), piston rod (1), piston (22), hydraulic oil (9) and bottom
Valve seat (12), for the damper with hydraulic oil (9) for working media, oil cylinder (7) both ends pass through the guidance (4) and described
Foot valve seat (12) location and installation in the oil storage cylinder (8), the guidance (4) be provided with for the piston rod (1) provide support and
The centre bore of guiding, the piston rod (1) drive the piston (22) reciprocating in oil cylinder under external force；It is described
The oil storage cylinder (8) is divided into I chamber (81), II chamber (82) and III chamber by guidance (4), oil cylinder (7), piston (22) and foot valve seat (12)
, and oil cylinder (7) radially inner side and axially space between guidance (4) and piston (22) is I chamber, oil cylinder (7) footpath (83)
It is II chamber to the space of inner side and axial direction between foot valve seat (12) and piston (22), it is main to include radially between oil cylinder
(7) space on the inside of outside and oil storage cylinder (8) is III chamber, be provided with the piston (22) hydraulic oil can I chamber and II chamber it
Between the passage that flows, the passage that hydraulic oil can flow between II chamber and III chamber is provided with the foot valve seat (12), in hydraulic pressure
Hydraulic oil does not circulate between I chamber and III chamber in the case that oil leaks not from guidance (4)；When piston rod stretches out, liquid
Force feed enters II chamber from I chamber and III chamber, and when piston rod inwardly compresses, hydraulic oil enters I chamber and III chamber, the work from II chamber
Stopper rod (1) is provided with oil-through-hole (25) at center, and oil-through-hole (25) is the blind hole being arranged in piston rod, its opening and II chamber phase
It is logical, the throttle orifice (26) that multiple one end connect with oil-through-hole (25) is additionally provided with the piston rod (1), throttle orifice (26)
The other end is that can be exposed in I chamber and/or be covered by guidance (4) towards the opening beyond piston rod, the opening of throttle orifice, at least
There is the diverse location that two throttle orifices (26) are distributed in piston rod (1) axial direction so that throttled during piston rod stretches out
Hole (26) is gradually covered by guidance (4), and throttle orifice (26) is gradually exposed in I chamber in the inside compression process of piston rod；Institute
State and pad (11) is provided between the axial inner end of oil cylinder (7) and the foot valve seat (12) stretches out row for regulating piston bar
Stretching maximum damping force in journey.
2. pantograph according to claim 1, it is characterised in that be provided with two use in the central hole of the guidance (4)
In the movable sealing structure (6) of dynamic sealing piston rod, and the difference on two centrally disposed hole axial directions of movable sealing structure (6)
Opening position, two movable sealing structures (6) are Glais ring.
3. pantograph according to claim 2, it is characterised in that be provided with one end of the guidance (4) away from piston (22)
The centre bore and III chamber (83) of connection guidance (4) and the anti-small opening of oil return for preventing hydraulic fluid leak to its exterior
(27), and in the axial direction of centre bore, two movable sealing structures (6) are arranged at the same side of the anti-small opening of oil return (27).
4. the pantograph according to any one in claims 1 to 3, it is characterised in that the pad is copper backing, and institute
The thickness for stating pad is 0.5~3mm.
5. pantograph according to claim 4, it is characterised in that the thickness of the pad is 1~2mm.
6. the pantograph according to any one in claims 1 to 3, it is characterised in that be provided with the piston (22)
Multiple circumferential compression throttling holes (19) and at least one stretching normal open hole (21), the circumferential compression throttling hole (19) is in piston
(22) it is in through hole shape in axial direction, and the side of I chamber is provided with piston check valve (23) and baffle plate in the piston (22)
(24), and piston (22) and piston check valve (23) are threadedly secured in piston rod by locking nut (18) and piston rod
(1) on, the piston check valve (23) is spring valve plate structure, is pushed down by the baffle plate (24), and be covered in the piston
(22) on the compression throttling hole (19) of I chamber side so that piston check valve (23) compresses when piston rod stretches out
Compression throttling hole (19) are covered without allowing hydraulic oil through piston check valve (23) and multiple compression throttling hole (19) places from I chamber stream
Enter II chamber, and hydraulic oil can overcome spring force to open piston check valve (23) top when piston rod inwardly compresses so that hydraulic pressure
Oil flows into I chamber from multiple compression throttling holes (19) and piston check valve (23) from II chamber；Stretching normal open hole (21) is to incline
Inclined hole, one end of stretching normal open hole (21) directly or indirectly keep connecting I chamber, and its other end connects some compression throttling hole
(19) so that hydraulic oil drawn normal open hole (21) and the compression connected with the stretching normal open hole (21) when piston rod stretches out
Throttle orifice (19) place flows into II chamber from I chamber.
7. the pantograph according to any one in claims 1 to 3, it is characterised in that the foot valve seat (12) is provided with
Throttle orifice (17) and compression throttling hole (15) is stretched, bottom valve is stamped close to the side end face overlying of II chamber one in stretching throttle orifice (17) and draws
Stretch valve (10) so that hydraulic oil drawn throttle orifice (17) and bottom valve can stretch valve (10) place from III chamber when piston rod stretches
Flow into II chamber；In compression throttling hole (15) the first bottom valve compression valve (13) and the second bottom valve are stamped away from the side end face overlying of II chamber one
Compression valve (14) so that hydraulic oil can be when piston rod inwardly compresses at compressed throttle orifice (15) and two bottom valve compression valves
III chamber is flowed into from II chamber；First bottom valve compression valve (13) and the second bottom valve compression valve (14) are arranged on foot valve seat (12) away from II chamber
At the step of side, the first bottom valve compression valve (13) and the second bottom valve compression valve (14) are covered in described (12) two platforms of foot valve seat
On terrace so that form axial gap, the foot valve seat between the first bottom valve compression valve (13) and the second bottom valve compression valve (14)
(12) spill port (16) is additionally provided with, one end of the spill port (16) connects the axial gap and the other end connects II chamber,
Hydraulic oil is back at axial gap in II chamber when piston rod inwardly compressed, and then keeps piston rod inwardly to compress
During the entire process of the smaller damping force that keeps relative stability.
8. the pantograph according to any one in claims 1 to 3, it is characterised in that the guidance (4) with the storage
The first static seal structure (3) and the second static seal structure (5) are respectively equipped with the contact surface of oil cylinder (8) and oil cylinder (7), and it is described
First static seal structure (3) and the second static seal structure (5) are O-ring.
9. the pantograph according to any one in claims 1 to 3, it is characterised in that the outer surface of the piston (22)
Coordinate between the inner surface of the oil cylinder (7) for gap, guide ring and lattice are provided with the outer surface of the piston (22)
To enclose (20).
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201711240955.4A CN107839489B (en) | 2017-11-30 | 2017-11-30 | Pantograph |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201711240955.4A CN107839489B (en) | 2017-11-30 | 2017-11-30 | Pantograph |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN107839489A true CN107839489A (en) | 2018-03-27 |
| CN107839489B CN107839489B (en) | 2023-09-12 |
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ID=61664097
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201711240955.4A Active CN107839489B (en) | 2017-11-30 | 2017-11-30 | Pantograph |
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| Country | Link |
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| CN (1) | CN107839489B (en) |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108443388A (en) * | 2018-03-28 | 2018-08-24 | 河海大学常州校区 | A kind of pantograph damper |
| CN110107634A (en) * | 2019-06-11 | 2019-08-09 | 湖南联诚轨道装备有限公司 | A kind of new double circulation oil-pressure damper |
| CN115931274A (en) * | 2022-12-27 | 2023-04-07 | 无锡比德希减震阻尼技术有限公司 | Buffer waveform generator for child seat side collision test system |
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| CN108443388A (en) * | 2018-03-28 | 2018-08-24 | 河海大学常州校区 | A kind of pantograph damper |
| CN108443388B (en) * | 2018-03-28 | 2019-10-25 | 河海大学常州校区 | A kind of pantograph damper |
| CN110107634A (en) * | 2019-06-11 | 2019-08-09 | 湖南联诚轨道装备有限公司 | A kind of new double circulation oil-pressure damper |
| CN115931274A (en) * | 2022-12-27 | 2023-04-07 | 无锡比德希减震阻尼技术有限公司 | Buffer waveform generator for child seat side collision test system |
| CN115931274B (en) * | 2022-12-27 | 2024-04-12 | 无锡比德希减震阻尼技术有限公司 | Buffer waveform generator for child seat side collision test system |
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| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN107839489B (en) | 2023-09-12 |
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