CN107834604B - Active power output control system and method for photovoltaic power station - Google Patents

Active power output control system and method for photovoltaic power station Download PDF

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CN107834604B
CN107834604B CN201711251448.0A CN201711251448A CN107834604B CN 107834604 B CN107834604 B CN 107834604B CN 201711251448 A CN201711251448 A CN 201711251448A CN 107834604 B CN107834604 B CN 107834604B
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CN107834604A (en
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宋绍哲
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HANGZHOU GOOD-HOOD TECHNOLOGY Co.,Ltd.
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Hangzhou Good Hood Technology Co ltd
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    • H02J3/383
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02JCIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J3/00Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
    • H02J3/28Arrangements for balancing of the load in a network by storage of energy
    • H02J3/32Arrangements for balancing of the load in a network by storage of energy using batteries with converting means
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02JCIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J3/00Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
    • H02J3/38Arrangements for parallely feeding a single network by two or more generators, converters or transformers
    • H02J3/46Controlling of the sharing of output between the generators, converters, or transformers
    • H02J3/48Controlling the sharing of the in-phase component
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/50Photovoltaic [PV] energy
    • Y02E10/56Power conversion systems, e.g. maximum power point trackers
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E70/00Other energy conversion or management systems reducing GHG emissions
    • Y02E70/30Systems combining energy storage with energy generation of non-fossil origin

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Supply And Distribution Of Alternating Current (AREA)
  • Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)
  • Control Of Electrical Variables (AREA)

Abstract

The invention provides a photovoltaic power station active power output control system and a method, comprising a photovoltaic power generation unit, an energy storage unit, a first voltage detector, a second voltage detector and a controller; the energy storage system and at least one photovoltaic power generation unit are connected on an alternating current bus in parallel, the first voltage detector is arranged on a photovoltaic grid-connected point and used for measuring voltage UPV of a photovoltaic power station grid-connected point, and the second voltage detector is arranged at the output end of the energy storage unit and used for acquiring direct-current side voltage of the energy storage unit
Figure 100004_DEST_PATH_IMAGE001
(ii) a The controller determines the SOC of the energy storage unit and the power demand Pt of the power grid, and controls the active output of the photovoltaic power generation unit according to the determined SOC of the energy storage unit and the power demand Pt of the power grid. The method can accurately calculate the power output distribution of the photovoltaic power station according to the requirements.

Description

Active power output control system and method for photovoltaic power station
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of new energy, and particularly relates to a photovoltaic power station active power output control system and method.
Background
In recent years, photovoltaic power generation has been vigorously developed as renewable clean energy power generation. Photovoltaic power generation has randomness, intermittent type nature and uncontrollable nature, consequently, how to control photovoltaic power generation's power stable output, satisfy the external stable energy supply of photovoltaic power plant, it is urgent need to solve in the practical application to provide stable energy output for electric wire netting, electric automobile charge etc. then, the battery again can appear ageing in the practical application, the energy storage is inaccurate, how to cooperate battery and photovoltaic power generation unit, both guarantee that the energy supply is stable, ensure again that battery safety provides the reserve guarantee for photovoltaic power plant, this is the difficult problem that needs to solve at present urgently.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems, the invention provides an active power output control system of a photovoltaic power station, which comprises a photovoltaic power generation unit, an energy storage unit, a first direct current voltage detector, a second direct current voltage detector and a controller, wherein the photovoltaic power generation unit is connected with the energy storage unit; the energy storage system and at least one photovoltaic power generation unit are connected on an alternating current bus in parallel, the first voltage detector is arranged on a photovoltaic grid-connected point and used for measuring voltage UPV of a photovoltaic power station grid-connected point, and the second voltage detector is arranged at the output end of the energy storage unit and used for acquiring direct-current side voltage of the energy storage unit
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE001
(ii) a The controller determines the SOC of the energy storage unit and the power demand Pt of the power grid, and controls the active output of the photovoltaic power generation unit according to the determined SOC of the energy storage unit and the power demand Pt of the power grid.
According to the active power output control system of the photovoltaic power station, the output end of the photovoltaic power generation unit is connected with an alternating current bus through a grid-connected inverter, and the energy storage unit is connected to the alternating current bus through a bidirectional converter.
The controller of the active output control system of the photovoltaic power station comprises a voltage sudden change judgment module, a correction calculation module, an SOC online correction module, a first PWM output module and a second PWM output module;
the voltage sudden change judging module is provided with a voltage change rate threshold when the voltage at the direct current side is
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE002
When the voltage change rate threshold is exceeded, starting the SOC online correction module;
the correction calculation module is used for calculating the change rate of the direct current side voltage
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE003
And energy storage system power output value
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE004
Obtaining the correction quantity of the SOC of the energy storage system
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE005
The SOC online correction module based on the calculated correction amount
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE006
Correcting the SOC of the energy storage system;
the first PWM output module is used for outputting PWM signals to control the grid-connected inverter;
the second PWM output module is used for outputting a PWM signal to control the bidirectional converter.
The active power output control system of the photovoltaic power station works as the voltage change rate of the direct current side of the energy storage unit
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE007
If the voltage on the direct current side of the energy storage unit is positive, the voltage on the direct current side of the energy storage unit is increased, and the photovoltaic power generation unit charges the energy storage unit;
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE008
when the voltage is negative, the voltage at the direct current side of the energy storage unit is reduced, and the energy storage unit discharges;
of SOC correction amount
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE009
The calculation formula is as follows:
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE010
in the formula (I), the compound is shown in the specification,
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE011
is a correction coefficient of the SOC, and is,
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE012
the power output value of the energy storage system at the current sampling moment,
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE013
is the rated power output value of the energy storage system,
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE014
is the change rate of the current sampling moment of the direct-current side voltage of the energy storage system,
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE015
the maximum change rate of the direct-current side voltage of the energy storage system.
According to the active power output control system of the photovoltaic power station, the SOC online correction module corrects the SOC of the energy storage unit according to the following calculation formula:
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE016
and correcting the SOC of the energy storage unit by controlling the first PWM output module and the second PWM output module.
The controller of the active power output control system of the photovoltaic power station also comprises a power deviation determining module, wherein the power deviation determining module calculates an absolute value delta U of a voltage difference value according to a grid-connected voltage UPV of the photovoltaic power station and a grid-connected point voltage target value Ut; identifying a system impedance X between the photovoltaic power plant and the grid,
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE017
wherein, in the step (A),
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE018
is the active increment;
calculating the power demand Pt of a power grid of the photovoltaic power station, wherein Pt = Ut X (Ut-Upv) X + Pmpv X Ut, and Pm is an active real-time value of a grid-connected point of the photovoltaic power station;
and subtracting the corrected SOC' of the energy storage unit from the power grid power demand Pt to obtain the minimum power generation amount Pmin of the photovoltaic power generation units, dividing the minimum power generation amount Pmin of the photovoltaic power generation units by the total number of the photovoltaic power generation units, and determining the minimum Psmin of the power output value of each photovoltaic power generation unit.
A photovoltaic power station active power output control method comprises the steps of calculating the SOC of an energy storage unit, and correcting the SOC to obtain a corrected SOC'; calculating the power Pt required by the power grid; and calculating the difference value between the power grid required power Pt and the corrected SOC', determining the minimum Pmin of the power output value of the photovoltaic power generation unit, and calculating the minimum Psmin of the power output value of each photovoltaic power generation unit.
The photovoltaic power station active power output control method specifically comprises the following steps of: when the voltage change rate of the DC side of the energy storage unit
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE019
If the voltage on the direct current side of the energy storage unit is positive, the voltage on the direct current side of the energy storage unit is increased, and the photovoltaic power generation unit charges the energy storage unit;
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE020
when the voltage is negative, the voltage at the direct current side of the energy storage unit is reduced, and the energy storage unit discharges;
of SOC correction amount
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE021
The calculation formula is as follows:
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE022
in the formula (I), the compound is shown in the specification,
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE023
is a correction coefficient of the SOC, and is,
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE024
the power output value of the energy storage system at the current sampling moment,
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE025
is the rated power output value of the energy storage system,
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE026
is the change rate of the current sampling moment of the direct-current side voltage of the energy storage system,
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE027
the maximum change rate of the direct-current side voltage of the energy storage system is obtained;
the calculation formula according to is as follows:
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE028
the active power output control method of the photovoltaic power station specifically comprises the following steps of: calculating the absolute value of the voltage difference according to the voltage UPV of the grid connection of the photovoltaic power station and the target value Ut of the voltage of the grid connection pointFor the value Δ U; identifying a system impedance X between the photovoltaic power plant and the grid,
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE029
in which,
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE030
is the active increment;
and calculating the power demand Pt, Pt = Ut X (Ut-Upv) X + Pmpv X Ut of the grid of the photovoltaic power station, wherein Pm is an active real-time value of the grid-connected point of the photovoltaic power station.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of an active power output control system of a photovoltaic power station according to the present application.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the drawings and specific examples, but the embodiments of the present invention are not limited thereto.
As shown in fig. 1, a schematic diagram of an active output control system of a photovoltaic power station according to the present application is shown; the invention provides an active power output control system of a photovoltaic power station, which comprises a photovoltaic power generation unit, an energy storage unit, a first voltage detector, a second voltage detector and a controller, wherein the photovoltaic power generation unit comprises a photovoltaic array and the like; the energy storage system and at least one photovoltaic power generation unit are connected on an alternating current bus in parallel, the first voltage detector is arranged on a photovoltaic grid-connected point and used for measuring voltage UPV of a photovoltaic power station grid-connected point, and the second voltage detector is arranged at the output end of the energy storage unit and used for acquiring direct-current side voltage of the energy storage unit
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE031
(ii) a The controller determines the SOC of the energy storage unit and the power demand Pt of the power grid, and controls the active output of the photovoltaic power generation unit according to the determined SOC of the energy storage unit and the power demand Pt of the power grid.
According to the active power output control system of the photovoltaic power station, the output end of the photovoltaic power generation unit is connected with an alternating current bus through a grid-connected inverter, and the energy storage unit is connected to the alternating current bus through a bidirectional converter.
The controller of the active output control system of the photovoltaic power station comprises a voltage sudden change judgment module, a correction calculation module, an SOC online correction module, a first PWM output module and a second PWM output module;
the voltage sudden change judging module is provided with a voltage change rate threshold when the voltage at the direct current side is
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE032
When the voltage change rate threshold is exceeded, starting the SOC online correction module;
the correction calculation module is used for calculating the change rate of the direct current side voltage
Figure 869473DEST_PATH_IMAGE003
And energy storage system power output value
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE033
Obtaining the correction quantity of the SOC of the energy storage system
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE034
The SOC online correction module based on the calculated correction amount
Figure 583351DEST_PATH_IMAGE035
Correcting the SOC of the energy storage system;
the first PWM output module is used for outputting PWM signals to control the grid-connected inverter;
the second PWM output module is used for outputting a PWM signal to control the bidirectional converter.
The active power output control system of the photovoltaic power station works as the voltage change rate of the direct current side of the energy storage unit
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE036
If the voltage on the direct current side of the energy storage unit is positive, the voltage on the direct current side of the energy storage unit is increased, and the photovoltaic power generation unit charges the energy storage unit;
Figure 164419DEST_PATH_IMAGE008
when it is negative, it indicatesThe voltage of the direct current side of the energy storage unit is reduced, and the energy storage unit discharges;
of SOC correction amount
Figure 294049DEST_PATH_IMAGE009
The calculation formula is as follows:
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE037
in the formula (I), the compound is shown in the specification,
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE038
is a correction coefficient of the SOC, and is,
Figure 905158DEST_PATH_IMAGE012
the power output value of the energy storage system at the current sampling moment,
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE039
is the rated power output value of the energy storage system,
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE040
is the change rate of the current sampling moment of the direct-current side voltage of the energy storage system,
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE041
the maximum change rate of the direct-current side voltage of the energy storage system.
According to the active power output control system of the photovoltaic power station, the SOC online correction module corrects the SOC of the energy storage unit according to the following calculation formula:
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE042
and correcting the SOC of the energy storage unit by controlling the first PWM output module and the second PWM output module.
The active power output control system of the photovoltaic power station, the controller also comprises a power deviation determining module, and the power deviation determining module is used for determining the grid-connected voltage UPV of the photovoltaic power station and the grid-connected point powerCalculating an absolute value delta U of a voltage difference value according to the voltage target value Ut; identifying a system impedance X between the photovoltaic power plant and the grid,
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE043
in which,
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE044
is the active increment;
calculating the power demand Pt of a power grid of the photovoltaic power station, wherein Pt = Ut X (Ut-Upv) X + Pmpv X Ut, and Pm is an active real-time value of a grid-connected point of the photovoltaic power station;
and subtracting the corrected SOC' of the energy storage unit from the power grid power demand Pt to obtain the minimum power generation amount Pmin of the photovoltaic power generation units, dividing the minimum power generation amount Pmin of the photovoltaic power generation units by the total number of the photovoltaic power generation units, and determining the minimum Psmin of the power output value of each photovoltaic power generation unit.
A photovoltaic power station active power output control method comprises the steps of calculating the SOC of an energy storage unit, and correcting the SOC to obtain a corrected SOC'; calculating the power Pt required by the power grid; and calculating the difference value between the power grid required power Pt and the corrected SOC', determining the minimum Pmin of the power output value of the photovoltaic power generation unit, and calculating the minimum Psmin of the power output value of each photovoltaic power generation unit.
The photovoltaic power station active power output control method specifically comprises the following steps of: when the voltage change rate of the DC side of the energy storage unit
Figure 681616DEST_PATH_IMAGE019
If the voltage on the direct current side of the energy storage unit is positive, the voltage on the direct current side of the energy storage unit is increased, and the photovoltaic power generation unit charges the energy storage unit;
Figure 542124DEST_PATH_IMAGE020
when the voltage is negative, the voltage at the direct current side of the energy storage unit is reduced, and the energy storage unit discharges;
of SOC correction amount
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE045
The calculation formula is as follows:
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE046
in the formula (I), the compound is shown in the specification,
Figure 22915DEST_PATH_IMAGE023
is a correction coefficient of the SOC, and is,
Figure 285269DEST_PATH_IMAGE024
the power output value of the energy storage system at the current sampling moment,
Figure 747475DEST_PATH_IMAGE025
is the rated power output value of the energy storage system,
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE047
is the change rate of the current sampling moment of the direct-current side voltage of the energy storage system,
Figure 314853DEST_PATH_IMAGE027
the maximum change rate of the direct-current side voltage of the energy storage system is obtained;
the calculation formula according to is as follows:
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE048
the active power output control method of the photovoltaic power station specifically comprises the following steps of: calculating an absolute value delta U of a voltage difference value according to the grid-connected voltage UPV of the photovoltaic power station and a grid-connected point voltage target value Ut; identifying a system impedance X between the photovoltaic power plant and the grid,
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE049
wherein, in the step (A),
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE050
is the active increment;
and calculating the power demand Pt, Pt = Ut X (Ut-Upv) X + Pmpv X Ut of the grid of the photovoltaic power station, wherein Pm is an active real-time value of the grid-connected point of the photovoltaic power station.
The method can accurately calculate the power output distribution of the photovoltaic power station according to the requirements. With photovoltaic power plant and energy storage battery cooperation, stable for outside electric wire netting or charging equipment power supply, simultaneously, the SOC of in time correcting the battery improves battery life.

Claims (5)

1. The active power output control system of the photovoltaic power station is characterized by comprising a photovoltaic power generation unit, an energy storage unit, a first voltage detector, a second voltage detector and a controller; the energy storage unit and at least one photovoltaic power generation unit are connected on an alternating current bus in parallel, the first voltage detector is arranged on a photovoltaic grid-connected point and used for measuring voltage UPV of a photovoltaic power station grid-connected point, and the second voltage detector is arranged at the output end of the energy storage unit and used for acquiring direct-current side voltage U of the energy storage unitdc(ii) a The controller determines the SOC of the energy storage unit and the power demand Pt of the power grid, and controls the active output of the photovoltaic power generation unit according to the determined SOC of the energy storage unit and the power demand Pt of the power grid; the output end of the photovoltaic power generation unit is connected with an alternating current bus through a grid-connected inverter, and the energy storage unit is connected to the alternating current bus through a bidirectional converter; the controller comprises a voltage mutation judgment module, a correction calculation module, an SOC online correction module, a first PWM output module and a second PWM output module;
the voltage sudden change judging module is provided with a voltage change rate threshold value when the voltage U on the direct current sidedcWhen the voltage change rate threshold is exceeded, starting the SOC online correction module;
the correction calculation module is used for calculating the change rate D of the direct current side voltageudcAnd the power output value P of the energy storage unit to obtain the correction quantity delta SOC of the energy storage unit SOC;
the SOC online correction module is used for correcting the SOC of the energy storage unit based on the calculated correction quantity delta SOC;
the first PWM output module is used for outputting PWM signals to control the grid-connected inverter;
the second PWM output module is used for outputting PWM signals to control bidirectional conversionA machine; when the voltage change rate D of the DC side of the energy storage unitudcIf the voltage on the direct current side of the energy storage unit is positive, the voltage on the direct current side of the energy storage unit is increased, and the photovoltaic power generation unit charges the energy storage unit; dudcWhen the voltage is negative, the voltage at the direct current side of the energy storage unit is reduced, and the energy storage unit discharges;
the Δ SOC calculation formula of the SOC correction amount is as follows:
Figure FDA0002507265120000011
in the formula, ksocIs SOC correction coefficient, P (k) is the power output value of the energy storage unit at the current sampling moment, PNFor the rated power output value of the energy storage unit, Dudc(k) Is the rate of change, D, of the current sampling time of the DC side voltage of the energy storage unitmaxThe maximum change rate of the direct-current side voltage of the energy storage unit is obtained.
2. The photovoltaic power plant active output control system of claim 1, characterized in that: the SOC online correction module corrects the SOC of the energy storage unit according to the following calculation formula:
SOC′=SOC+ΔSOC
and correcting the SOC of the energy storage unit by controlling the first PWM output module and the second PWM output module.
3. The photovoltaic power plant active output control system of claim 2, wherein the controller further comprises a power deviation determination module that calculates an absolute value Δ U of a voltage difference value from a grid-connected voltage Upv of the photovoltaic power plant and a grid-connected point voltage target value Ut; identifying a system impedance X between the photovoltaic power plant and the grid,
Figure FDA0002507265120000021
wherein, the delta P is an active increment;
calculating the power demand Pt of a grid of the photovoltaic power station, wherein Pt is Ut X (Ut-Upv) X + Pmpv X Ut, and Pm is an active real-time value of a grid-connected point of the photovoltaic power station;
and obtaining the minimum power generation amount Pmin of the photovoltaic power generation units according to the power demand Pt of the power grid and the corrected SOC' of the energy storage units, dividing the minimum power generation amount Pmin of the photovoltaic power generation units by the total number of the photovoltaic power generation units, and determining the minimum power output value Psmin of each photovoltaic power generation unit.
4. The active power output control method of the photovoltaic power station is characterized by comprising the steps of calculating the SOC of an energy storage unit, and correcting the SOC to obtain a corrected SOC'; calculating the power Pt required by the power grid; determining the minimum power generation amount Pmin of the power of the photovoltaic power generation units according to the corrected SOC' of the energy storage unit and the power grid required power Pt, and calculating the minimum output value Psmin of the power of each photovoltaic power generation unit; calculating the corrected SOC' specifically includes: when the voltage change rate D of the DC side of the energy storage unitudcIf the voltage on the direct current side of the energy storage unit is positive, the voltage on the direct current side of the energy storage unit is increased, and the photovoltaic power generation unit charges the energy storage unit; dudcWhen the voltage is negative, the voltage at the direct current side of the energy storage unit is reduced, and the energy storage unit discharges;
the Δ SOC calculation formula of the SOC correction amount is as follows:
Figure FDA0002507265120000022
in the formula, ksocIs SOC correction coefficient, P (k) is the power output value of the energy storage unit at the current sampling moment, PNFor the rated power output value of the energy storage unit, Dudc(k) Is the rate of change, D, of the current sampling time of the DC side voltage of the energy storage unitmaxThe maximum change rate of the direct-current side voltage of the energy storage unit is obtained;
the calculation formula according to is as follows:
SOC′=SOC+ΔSOC。
5. the photovoltaic power plant active output control method of claim 4, wherein calculating the grid power demand Pt specifically comprises: calculating the voltage difference according to the grid-connected voltage Upv of the photovoltaic power station and the grid-connected point voltage target value UtThe absolute value of the value Δ U; identifying a system impedance X between the photovoltaic power plant and the grid,
Figure FDA0002507265120000023
wherein, the delta P is an active increment;
and calculating the power demand Pt of the grid of the photovoltaic power station, wherein Pt is Ut X (Ut-Upv) X + Pmpv X Ut, and Pm is an active real-time value of the grid-connected point of the photovoltaic power station.
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