CN107832899B - Wind power plant output optimization method and device and implementation device - Google Patents
Wind power plant output optimization method and device and implementation device Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides an optimization method, a device and an implementation device for the output of a wind power plant; wherein, the method comprises the following steps: acquiring wind speed, wind direction and arrangement information of wind turbine generators in a wind power plant; determining the input wind speed of each wind turbine generator set according to the wind speed, the wind direction, the arrangement information and the pre-established corresponding relation among the input wind speed, the pitch angle and the thrust coefficient of each wind turbine generator set; determining the total output power of the wind power plant according to the corresponding relation among the input wind speed, the pitch angle and the output power of each wind power generator set; and determining the pitch angle of each wind turbine generator corresponding to the maximum value of the total output power by taking the pitch angle or the thrust coefficient of each wind turbine generator as an adjusting parameter and the total output power as a target function, and transmitting the pitch angle to the corresponding wind turbine generator. The invention can realize the maximization of the output power of the wind power plant, reduce the wind energy loss caused by wake flow influence among wind power generation sets and improve the total power generation amount of the wind power plant.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of wind power plant optimization, in particular to a method and a device for optimizing wind power plant output and a device for realizing the method.
Background
At present, the existing wind farm optimization method considering wake effect mainly distributes wind power of the wind farm, that is, the mutual influence of wind turbines is taken into consideration when power prediction is performed, so as to achieve the optimal power distribution strategy; since this optimization involves only power distribution, the interaction between wind turbines, e.g. wake effects, is not reduced, resulting in difficulties in maximizing the wind farm output power.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of this, the present invention provides an optimization method, an optimization device and a realization device for wind farm output, so as to reduce wind energy loss caused by wake effect between wind turbines, maximize wind farm output power and increase total power generation amount of the wind farm.
In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a method for optimizing wind farm output, including: acquiring wind speed, wind direction and arrangement information of wind turbine generators in a wind power plant; determining the input wind speed of each wind turbine generator set according to the wind speed, the wind direction, the arrangement information and the pre-established corresponding relation among the input wind speed, the pitch angle and the thrust coefficient of each wind turbine generator set; determining the total output power of the wind power plant according to the corresponding relation among the input wind speed, the pitch angle and the output power of each wind power generator set; and determining the pitch angle of each wind turbine generator corresponding to the maximum value of the total output power by taking the pitch angle or the thrust coefficient of each wind turbine generator as an adjusting parameter and the total output power as a target function, and transmitting the pitch angle to the corresponding wind turbine generator.
With reference to the first aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a first possible implementation manner of the first aspect, where the step of determining the input wind speed of each wind turbine generator system according to the wind speed, the wind direction, the arrangement information, and a pre-established correspondence relationship between the input wind speed, the pitch angle, and the thrust coefficient of each wind turbine generator system includes: projecting the arrangement information to the wind direction to generate the sequence of each wind turbine generator set; calculating the input wind speed of the first wind turbine generator according to the wind speed, the height ratio of the wind measuring equipment to the first wind turbine generator in the sequence; calculating the input wind speed of the jth wind turbine generator set according to the corresponding relation among the wind speed, the height ratio of the wind measuring equipment to the jth wind turbine generator set in the sequence, the wind sweeping area of the jth wind turbine generator set, the wake shielding area of the kth wind turbine generator set on the upstream of the wind direction, the input wind speed, the pitch angle and the thrust coefficient of the kth wind turbine generator set; wherein j is a natural number greater than 1; k is 1, 2, …, j-1.
With reference to the first possible implementation manner of the first aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a second possible implementation manner of the first aspect, where the step of calculating the input wind speed of the first wind turbine generator includes: calculating the natural wind speed of the first wind turbine generator:
wherein v isjThe natural wind speed of the jth wind power generation unit, j is 1, v0Is the wind speed at the wind measuring equipment, h is the altitude of the wind measuring equipment, hjFor the jth wind power stationThe altitude of the unit; and determining the natural wind speed as the input wind speed of the first wind turbine generator set.
With reference to the second possible implementation manner of the first aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a third possible implementation manner of the first aspect, where the step of calculating the input wind speed of the jth wind turbine generator system includes: setting the initial value of j to 2, the following loop operation is performed: calculating an influence coefficient of the jth wind turbine generator unit influenced by the wake flow of the kth wind turbine generator unit according to the wind sweeping area of the jth wind turbine generator unit and the wake flow shielding area of the kth wind turbine generator unit upstream from wind; wherein k is 1, 2, …, j-1; calculating the wake flow wind speed v of the kth wind turbine generator set at the jth wind turbine generator setk：
Wherein v isjIs the natural wind speed, R, at the jth wind turbine generator setjIs the wind sweeping radius, R, of the jth wind turbine generator setjkFor the wake expansion radius of the kth wind turbine at the jth wind turbine, CkIs the thrust coefficient, v, of the kth wind turbinek0The input wind speed of the kth wind turbine generator set is obtained; determining the thrust coefficient of the kth wind turbine generator set according to the corresponding relation of the input wind speed, the pitch angle and the thrust coefficient of the kth wind turbine generator set;
calculating the input wind speed v of the jth wind turbine generator setj0：
Wherein v isjIs the natural wind speed at the jth wind turbine generator system, B (j, k) is the influence coefficient of the kth wind turbine generator system on the jth wind turbine generator system, vkSetting the wake flow speed of the kth wind turbine generator set at the jth wind turbine generator set; and judging whether j is equal to the total amount of the wind turbine generator, if not, setting j to be j +1, and continuing to execute the cyclic operation until j is equal to the total amount of the wind turbine generator.
Is combined withIn a third possible implementation manner of one aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a fourth possible implementation manner of the first aspect, where the step of calculating an influence coefficient of the jth wind turbine generator unit affected by the wake flow of the kth wind turbine generator unit includes: calculating an influence coefficient B (j, k) of the jth wind turbine generator system influenced by the k-th wind turbine generator system wake flow as Ashad_jk/Arot_j(ii) a Wherein k is 1, 2, …, j-1; a. theshad_jkThe wake shielding area of the kth wind turbine generator set at the jth wind turbine generator set is determined; a. therot_jThe wind sweeping area of the jth wind turbine generator set is shown.
With reference to the first aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a fifth possible implementation manner of the first aspect, where the method further includes: obtaining real-time wind speed and wind direction by a wind measuring device, and executing the method according to any one of the first aspect to the fourth possible implementation manner of the first aspect.
In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides an apparatus for optimizing wind farm output, including: the information acquisition module is used for acquiring wind speed, wind direction and arrangement information of wind turbine generators in the wind power plant; the input wind speed determining module is used for determining the input wind speed of each wind turbine generator set according to the wind speed, the wind direction, the arrangement information and the pre-established corresponding relation among the input wind speed, the pitch angle and the thrust coefficient of each wind turbine generator set; the total output power determining module is used for determining the total output power of the wind power plant according to the corresponding relation among the input wind speed, the pitch angle and the output power of each wind power generation unit; and the pitch angle determining module is used for determining the pitch angle of each wind turbine generator set corresponding to the maximum value of the total output power by taking the pitch angle or the thrust coefficient of each wind turbine generator set as an adjusting parameter and the total output power as a target function, and transmitting the pitch angle to the corresponding wind turbine generator set.
With reference to the second aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a first possible implementation manner of the second aspect, where the input wind speed determination module is further configured to: projecting the arrangement information to the wind direction to generate the sequence of each wind turbine generator set; calculating the input wind speed of the first wind turbine generator according to the wind speed, the height ratio of the wind measuring equipment to the first wind turbine generator in the sequence; calculating the input wind speed of the jth wind turbine generator set according to the corresponding relation among the wind speed, the height ratio of the wind measuring equipment to the jth wind turbine generator set in the sequence, the wind sweeping area of the jth wind turbine generator set, the wake shielding area of the kth wind turbine generator set on the upstream of the wind direction, the input wind speed, the pitch angle and the thrust coefficient of the kth wind turbine generator set; wherein j is a natural number greater than 1; k is 1, 2, …, j-1.
In a third aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides an apparatus for implementing optimization of wind farm output, including a processor and a machine-readable storage medium, where the machine-readable storage medium stores machine-executable instructions capable of being executed by the processor, and the processor executes the machine-executable instructions to implement the method of the first aspect.
In a fourth aspect, embodiments of the present invention provide a machine-readable storage medium storing machine-executable instructions which, when invoked and executed by a processor, cause the processor to carry out the method of the first aspect described above.
The embodiment of the invention has the following beneficial effects:
according to the optimization method, the optimization device and the optimization implementation device for the output of the wind power plant, provided by the embodiment of the invention, the input wind speed of the wind turbine generator set can be determined according to the corresponding relation among the wind speed, the wind direction, the arrangement information, the input wind speed, the pitch angle and the thrust coefficient; according to the corresponding relation among the input wind speed, the pitch angle and the output power, the total output power of the wind power plant can be determined; then, the pitch angle or the thrust coefficient of the wind turbine generator is used as an adjusting parameter, the total output power is used as a target function, the pitch angle of each wind turbine generator corresponding to the maximum value of the total output power can be determined, and then the pitch angle is sent to the corresponding wind turbine generator; according to the method, the influence of wake flow of the upstream wind turbine generator on each wind turbine generator can be accurately and comprehensively considered, so that the accurate input wind speed of each wind turbine generator is obtained, and then a pitch angle adjusting scheme of each wind turbine generator corresponding to the maximum value of the total output power of the wind power plant is obtained in an optimized solving mode; by adjusting the pitch angle, the wind energy loss caused by wake flow influence between wind turbine generators is reduced, and the total power generation amount of the wind power plant is improved.
Additional features and advantages of the invention will be set forth in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by the practice of the invention as set forth above.
In order to make the aforementioned and other objects, features and advantages of the present invention comprehensible, preferred embodiments accompanied with figures are described in detail below.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a flowchart of a method for optimizing wind farm output according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a flowchart of another wind farm output optimization method provided by the embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic sequence diagram of wind turbine generators in another wind farm output optimization method provided by the embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a flowchart illustrating a method for optimizing wind farm output according to another embodiment of the present invention, where the method calculates an input wind speed of a jth wind power generation unit;
fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of a wake occlusion area and a wind sweeping area in another method for optimizing wind farm output according to the embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of another wake occlusion area and a wind sweeping area in another wind farm output optimization method provided by the embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of an optimization device for wind farm output according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of an apparatus for optimizing wind farm output according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
To make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are some, but not all embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
The existing wind power plant optimization method considering the wake effect mainly distributes the wind power of the wind power plant, does not adopt relevant measures to reduce the influence of the wake effect and the like among wind power plants, and meanwhile, when the mutual influence of the wind power plants is considered, a simpler proportional relation is generally adopted, the error with the real condition is larger, the coordinate of each fan needs to be changed in different wind directions by a sequencing method of the wind power plants, the process is relatively complicated, and the practicability is poor.
The inventor finds in the research process that the wake effect among the wind motor groups can be effectively reduced by adjusting the pitch angle so as to maximize the output power of the wind power plant. Based on the above, the embodiment of the invention provides a method and a device for optimizing the output of a wind power plant and a device for realizing the method; the technology can be applied to the optimization control process of each generator set in the wind power plant; the techniques may be implemented in associated software or hardware, as described by way of example below.
Referring to fig. 1, a flow chart of a method for optimizing wind farm output is shown; the method may be performed by a server; the method comprises the following steps:
step S102, acquiring wind speed, wind direction and arrangement information of wind turbine generators in a wind power plant;
the wind speed and the wind direction can be the real-time wind speed and the real-time wind direction of the current wind power plant, and can be measured by wind measuring equipment in the wind power plant; the wind speed and direction can also be a normal wind speed and a normal wind direction from historical data; the arrangement information of the wind turbine generators in the wind farm generally includes geographical position information of the wind turbine generators in the wind farm, the height of each wind turbine generator, the blade radius of each wind turbine generator, the wind sweeping area and other information.
Step S104, determining the input wind speed of each wind turbine generator set according to the wind speed, the wind direction, the arrangement information and the pre-established corresponding relation among the input wind speed, the pitch angle and the thrust coefficient of each wind turbine generator set;
generally, the input wind speed of each wind turbine is affected by the wake flow of each wind turbine upstream in the wind direction; and the input wind speed of the wind turbine generator at the downstream of the wind direction is usually lower than the input wind speed of the wind turbine generator at the upstream of the wind direction; therefore, in order to accurately determine the input wind speed of each wind turbine generator, firstly, the wake flow influence of each wind turbine generator at the upstream of the current wind turbine generator on the wind turbine generator needs to be accurately and comprehensively obtained, for example, the size of the wake flow influence range of a certain upstream wind turbine generator at the wind turbine generator, the wake flow wind speed and the like; and then according to the wake flow influence of each upstream wind turbine set on the wind turbine set, on the basis of the corresponding natural wind speed of the wind turbine set, determining the more accurate input wind speed.
Step S106, determining the total output power of the wind power plant according to the corresponding relation among the input wind speed, the pitch angle and the output power of each wind turbine generator set;
the corresponding relation among the input wind speed, the pitch angle and the thrust coefficient of each wind turbine generator set and the corresponding relation among the input wind speed, the pitch angle and the output power can be realized in a form of a table or a way of fitting a curve; the corresponding relation can be obtained by adopting hardware parameters of each wind turbine generator set through simulation calculation.
And S108, determining the pitch angle of each wind turbine generator corresponding to the maximum value of the total output power by taking the pitch angle or the thrust coefficient of each wind turbine generator as an adjusting parameter and the total output power as a target function, and transmitting the pitch angle to the corresponding wind turbine generator.
For example, the pitch angle of each wind turbine generator set can be used as an adjustment parameter, the total output power is used as an objective function, and the pitch angle of each wind turbine generator set when the total output power is the maximum value is solved in an optimization manner; and then sending the pitch angle data to the corresponding wind turbine generator set, and adjusting the real pitch angle of the wind turbine generator set so as to realize that the wind power plant obtains the maximum total output power under the current wind direction and wind speed adjustment.
For another example, for a wind turbine generator, the pitch angle and the thrust coefficient are in a one-to-one correspondence relationship, so that the thrust coefficient of each wind turbine generator can be used as an adjustment parameter, and the total output power is used as an objective function; and when the total output power is solved to be the maximum value through optimization, the thrust coefficient of each wind turbine generator at the moment is converted into the corresponding pitch angle, and then the pitch angle data is sent to the corresponding wind turbine generator. In addition, the adjusting parameter can also be yaw angle, power and the like.
According to the optimization method for the output of the wind power plant, provided by the embodiment of the invention, the input wind speed of the wind turbine generator can be determined according to the corresponding relation among the wind speed, the wind direction, the arrangement information, the input wind speed, the pitch angle and the thrust coefficient; according to the corresponding relation among the input wind speed, the pitch angle and the output power, the total output power of the wind power plant can be determined; then, the pitch angle or the thrust coefficient of the wind turbine generator is used as an adjusting parameter, the total output power is used as a target function, the pitch angle of each wind turbine generator corresponding to the maximum value of the total output power can be determined, and then the pitch angle is sent to the corresponding wind turbine generator; according to the method, the influence of wake flow of the upstream wind turbine generator on each wind turbine generator can be accurately and comprehensively considered, so that the accurate input wind speed of each wind turbine generator is obtained, and then a pitch angle adjusting scheme of each wind turbine generator corresponding to the maximum value of the total output power of the wind power plant is obtained in an optimized solving mode; by adjusting the pitch angle, the wind energy loss caused by wake flow influence between wind turbine generators is reduced, and the total power generation amount of the wind power plant is improved.
Referring to FIG. 2, a flow chart of another method for optimizing wind farm output is shown; the method is realized on the basis of the method shown in FIG. 1; the method comprises the following steps:
step S202, obtaining real-time wind speed and wind direction through wind measuring equipment; wherein, the anemometry equipment can be an anemometry tower, a laser radar or ultrasonic waves.
Step S204, acquiring the wind speed, the wind direction and the arrangement information of the wind turbine in the wind power plant;
step S206, projecting the arrangement information to the wind direction to generate the sequence of each wind turbine generator set;
referring to fig. 3, in another method for optimizing wind farm output, a schematic sequence diagram of wind turbines is shown; in fig. 3, five wind turbine generators are taken as an example, and an X axis is established along the north east direction and a Y axis is established along the north direction; the wind direction may be represented by a wind direction angle, and assuming that the wind direction is 0 degrees when it is westward, the clockwise rotation direction is a direction in which the wind direction angle increases, and for example, the wind direction is 90 degrees when it is southward.
As shown in fig. 3, when the wind direction is west, the sequence from upwind to downwind along the X-axis direction is F01, F04, F03, F02 and F05; for convenience of subsequent processing, sequential numbering may be performed on the sorted wind turbines, for example, F01 is numbered 1, F04 is numbered 2, F03 is numbered 3, F02 is numbered 4, and F05 is numbered 5.
Similarly, when the wind direction is due south, the wind directions are sequentially F04, F05, F03, F01 and F02 from the upwind direction to the downwind direction along the Y-axis direction; for convenience of subsequent processing, sequential labeling can be performed on the sequenced wind turbine generators.
Step S208, calculating the input wind speed of the first wind turbine generator according to the wind speed and the height ratio of the wind measuring equipment to the first wind turbine generator in the sequence;
typically, the first wind turbine in the sequence along the wind direction is not affected by other wind turbine wakes, and its input wind speed is typically the natural wind speed at that wind turbine. Specifically, the step S208 may be implemented by:
(1) calculating the natural wind speed of the first wind turbine generator:
wherein v isjThe natural wind speed of the jth wind power generation unit, j is 1, v0To measureWind speed at the wind plant, h is the altitude of the wind measuring plant, hjThe altitude of the jth wind turbine generator set is obtained;
(2) and determining the natural wind speed as the input wind speed of the first wind turbine generator set.
Step S210, calculating the input wind speed of the jth wind turbine generator system according to the corresponding relation among the wind speed, the height ratio of the wind measuring equipment to the jth wind turbine generator system in the sequence, the wind sweeping area of the jth wind turbine generator system, the wake shielding area of the kth wind turbine generator system at the upstream of the wind direction, the input wind speed of the kth wind turbine generator system, the pitch angle and the thrust coefficient; wherein j is a natural number greater than 1; k is 1, 2, …, j-1.
Referring to fig. 4, in another method for optimizing wind farm output, a flow chart of calculating an input wind speed of a jth wind power generation unit is shown; specifically, the step S210 may be implemented by:
step S2102, setting the initial value of j to 2, performs the following loop operation:
step S2104, calculating an influence coefficient of the jth wind turbine generator unit influenced by the wake flow of the kth wind turbine generator unit according to the wind sweeping area of the jth wind turbine generator unit and the wake flow shielding area of the kth wind turbine generator unit upstream; wherein k is 1, 2, …, j-1;
in step S2104, an influence coefficient of the jth wind turbine generator unit affected by the kth wind turbine generator unit wake flow may be calculated by the following formula: b (j, k) ═ ashad_jk/Arot_j(ii) a Wherein k is 1, 2, …, j-1; a. theshad_jkThe wake shielding area of the kth wind turbine generator set at the jth wind turbine generator set is determined; a. therot_jThe wind sweeping area of the jth wind turbine generator set is shown.
Referring to fig. 5, in another method for optimizing wind farm output, a schematic diagram of wake occlusion area and wind sweeping area is shown; when viewed in the wind direction, the area of the overlapping region of the wind sweeping region of the jth wind turbine generator set and the wake region of the kth wind turbine generator set at the jth wind turbine generator set is the area ashad_jk。
Referring to fig. 6, another schematic diagram of wake occlusion area and wind sweeping area in another method for optimizing wind farm output is shown; for the jth wind turbine generator, j-1 wind turbine generators are arranged at the upstream of the jth wind turbine generator; during actual operation, whether the wake flow area of the j-1 wind turbine generator set at the j-th wind turbine generator set is overlapped with the wind sweeping area of the j-th wind turbine generator set needs to be judged one by one, and if the wake flow area is overlapped with the wind sweeping area of the j-th wind turbine generator set, the influence coefficient B (j, k) needs to be calculated. As shown in FIG. 5, the wake areas of the (k-1) th wind turbine generator set and the (k) th wind turbine generator set at the jth wind turbine generator set are overlapped with the wind sweeping area of the jth wind turbine generator set, so that the influence coefficients B (j, k-1) of the (k-1) th wind turbine generator set and B (j, k) of the (k) th wind turbine generator set need to be calculated.
In addition, a Monte Carlo method can be adopted to calculate the shielding area of the fan wake flow, and the ghost effect among the wake flows is fully considered; for example, if the wake shielding areas of the k-1 th wind turbine generator set and the k-th wind turbine generator set at the jth wind turbine generator set are overlapped, the wake shielding area of the k-1 th wind turbine generator set downstream in the wind direction covers a part of the wake shielding area of the k-1 th wind turbine generator set at the jth wind turbine generator set, and the area of the wake shielding area of the k-1 th wind turbine generator set at the jth wind turbine generator set is reduced.
Step S2106, calculating the wake flow wind speed V of the kth wind turbine generator set at the jth wind turbine generator setk：
Wherein v isjIs the natural wind speed, R, at the jth wind turbine generator setjIs the wind sweeping radius, R, of the jth wind turbine generator setjkFor the wake expansion radius of the kth wind turbine at the jth wind turbine, CkIs the thrust coefficient, v, of the kth wind turbinek0The input wind speed of the kth wind turbine generator set is obtained; determining the thrust coefficient of the kth wind turbine generator set according to the corresponding relation of the input wind speed, the pitch angle and the thrust coefficient of the kth wind turbine generator set;
the input wind speed of the kth wind turbine generator system is calculated, and the pitch angle can be directly obtained from the kth wind turbine generator system or obtained by inquiring relevant data, and the input wind speed is input by inquiringThe thrust coefficient can be obtained according to the corresponding relation among the wind speed, the pitch angle and the thrust coefficient, and then the wake flow wind speed V is calculatedk(ii) a Similarly, the wake wind speed of other upstream wind turbines at the jth wind turbine can be calculated.
Step S2108, calculating the input wind speed v of the jth wind turbine generator systemj0：
Wherein v isjIs the natural wind speed at the jth wind turbine generator system, B (j, k) is the influence coefficient of the kth wind turbine generator system on the jth wind turbine generator system, vkSetting the wake flow speed of the kth wind turbine generator set at the jth wind turbine generator set;
step S2110 of judging whether j is equal to the total amount of the wind turbine generator; if not, setting j to j +1, and continuing to execute the step S404; if so, ending.
In another method for optimizing the output of the wind farm shown in fig. 4, the flow step of calculating the input wind speed of the jth wind turbine generator set may be implemented by setting a wake model or a three-dimensional wake model, and data such as the wind speed, the height ratio between the wind measuring device and each wind turbine generator set in the row, the wind sweeping area of each wind turbine generator set, the wake shielding area of each wind turbine generator set on the upstream of the wind direction, the input wind speed of each wind turbine generator set, the pitch angle, and the corresponding relationship between the thrust coefficients are input into the wake model, and the wake model performs operation according to the flow step shown in fig. 4, so that the input wind speed of each wind turbine generator set in the wind farm under the influence of the wake can be output.
Step S212, determining the total output power of the wind power plant according to the corresponding relation among the input wind speed, the pitch angle and the output power of each wind turbine generator set;
and S214, determining the pitch angle of each wind turbine generator corresponding to the maximum value of the total output power by taking the pitch angle or the thrust coefficient of each wind turbine generator as an adjusting parameter and the total output power as an objective function, and transmitting the pitch angle to the corresponding wind turbine generator.
According to the method, the influence of wake flow of the upstream wind turbine generator on each wind turbine generator can be accurately and comprehensively considered, so that the accurate input wind speed of each wind turbine generator is obtained, and then the pitch angle adjusting scheme of each wind turbine generator corresponding to the maximum value of the total output power of the wind power plant is obtained in an optimized solving mode; by adjusting the pitch angle, the wind energy loss caused by wake flow influence between wind turbine generators is reduced, and the total power generation amount of the wind power plant is improved.
Corresponding to the above method embodiment, refer to a schematic structural diagram of an optimization device for wind farm output shown in fig. 7; the device includes:
the information acquisition module 70 is used for acquiring the wind speed, the wind direction and the arrangement information of the wind turbine generators in the wind power plant;
the input wind speed determining module 71 is configured to determine the input wind speed of each wind turbine generator system according to the wind speed, the wind direction, the arrangement information, and the pre-established corresponding relationship between the input wind speed, the pitch angle, and the thrust coefficient of each wind turbine generator system;
the total output power determining module 72 is configured to determine the total output power of the wind farm according to the corresponding relationship between the input wind speed, the pitch angle, and the output power of each wind turbine generator;
and the pitch angle determining module 73 is configured to determine the pitch angle of each wind turbine generator corresponding to the maximum value of the total output power, and send the pitch angle to the corresponding wind turbine generator, with the pitch angle or the thrust coefficient of each wind turbine generator as an adjustment parameter and the total output power as an objective function.
The input wind speed determination module is further configured to: projecting the arrangement information to the wind direction to generate the sequence of each wind turbine generator set; calculating the input wind speed of the first wind turbine generator according to the wind speed, the height ratio of the wind measuring equipment to the first wind turbine generator in the sequence; calculating the input wind speed of the jth wind turbine generator set according to the corresponding relation among the wind speed, the height ratio of the wind measuring equipment to the jth wind turbine generator set in the sequence, the wind sweeping area of the jth wind turbine generator set, the wake shielding area of the kth wind turbine generator set on the upstream of the wind direction, the input wind speed, the pitch angle and the thrust coefficient of the kth wind turbine generator set; wherein j is a natural number greater than 1; k is 1, 2, …, j-1.
The wind power plant output optimization device provided by the embodiment of the invention has the same technical characteristics as the wind power plant output optimization method provided by the embodiment, so that the same technical problems can be solved, and the same technical effects can be achieved.
Referring to fig. 8, a schematic structural diagram of an apparatus for optimizing wind farm output is shown; the device comprises a memory 100 and a processor 101; the memory 100 is configured to store one or more computer instructions, and the one or more computer instructions are executed by the processor to implement the method for optimizing wind farm output, which may include one or more of the above methods.
Further, the network management device shown in fig. 8 further includes a bus 102 and a communication interface 103, and the processor 101, the communication interface 103 and the memory 100 are connected through the bus 102.
The Memory 100 may include a high-speed Random Access Memory (RAM) and may further include a non-volatile Memory (non-volatile Memory), such as at least one disk Memory. The communication connection between the network element of the system and at least one other network element is realized through at least one communication interface 103 (which may be wired or wireless), and the internet, a wide area network, a local network, a metropolitan area network, and the like can be used. The bus 102 may be an ISA bus, PCI bus, EISA bus, or the like. The bus may be divided into an address bus, a data bus, a control bus, etc. For ease of illustration, only one double-headed arrow is shown in FIG. 8, but that does not indicate only one bus or one type of bus.
The processor 101 may be an integrated circuit chip having signal processing capabilities. In implementation, the steps of the above method may be performed by integrated logic circuits of hardware or instructions in the form of software in the processor 101. The Processor 101 may be a general-purpose Processor, and includes a Central Processing Unit (CPU), a Network Processor (NP), and the like; the device can also be a Digital Signal Processor (DSP), an Application Specific Integrated Circuit (ASIC), a Field-Programmable Gate Array (FPGA), or other Programmable logic devices, discrete Gate or transistor logic devices, discrete hardware components. The various methods, steps and logic blocks disclosed in the embodiments of the present invention may be implemented or performed. A general purpose processor may be a microprocessor or the processor may be any conventional processor or the like. The steps of the method disclosed in connection with the embodiments of the present invention may be directly implemented by a hardware decoding processor, or implemented by a combination of hardware and software modules in the decoding processor. The software module may be located in ram, flash memory, rom, prom, or eprom, registers, etc. storage media as is well known in the art. The storage medium is located in the memory 100, and the processor 101 reads the information in the memory 100, and completes the steps of the method of the foregoing embodiment in combination with the hardware thereof.
Further, embodiments of the present invention also provide a machine-readable storage medium storing machine-executable instructions which, when invoked and executed by a processor, cause the processor to implement the above described method of optimizing wind farm output, which may include one or more of the above methods.
According to the optimization method, the device and the implementation device for the output of the wind power plant, provided by the embodiment of the invention, an online rolling optimization calculation strategy is implemented according to real-time measurement data of wind speed and wind direction; wind turbine generator sequencing from the upwind direction to the downwind direction is realized by using a projection coordinate method; the wake flow model with higher precision is used for obtaining the accurate input wind speed of each wind turbine generator set, and the elevation difference between the wind turbines is calculated, so that the optimization calculation accuracy is improved; when calculating the wake shielding area, simultaneously considering the wake offset caused by yaw; and the maximum output of the wind power plant is optimally controlled by using the optimal adjustment of the pitch angle. By the method, the wind energy loss caused by mutual influence among the fans is reduced, the precision of the wake flow model in the optimization control is improved, the annual energy production of the whole wind power plant is improved, and the economic benefit is increased.
The method and the device for optimizing wind farm output and the computer program product for implementing the device provided by the embodiment of the invention comprise a computer readable storage medium storing program codes, wherein instructions included in the program codes can be used for executing the method described in the foregoing method embodiment, and specific implementation can refer to the method embodiment, and is not described herein again.
The functions, if implemented in the form of software functional units and sold or used as a stand-alone product, may be stored in a computer readable storage medium. Based on such understanding, the technical solution of the present invention may be embodied in the form of a software product, which is stored in a storage medium and includes instructions for causing a computer device (which may be a personal computer, a server, or a network device) to execute all or part of the steps of the method according to the embodiments of the present invention. And the aforementioned storage medium includes: a U-disk, a removable hard disk, a Read-Only Memory (ROM), a Random Access Memory (RAM), a magnetic disk or an optical disk, and other various media capable of storing program codes.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above-mentioned embodiments are only specific embodiments of the present invention, which are used for illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention and not for limiting the same, and the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, although the present invention is described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that: any person skilled in the art can modify or easily conceive the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments or equivalent substitutes for some technical features within the technical scope of the present disclosure; such modifications, changes or substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the embodiments of the present invention, and they should be construed as being included therein. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be subject to the protection scope of the claims.
Claims (7)
1. A method for optimizing wind power plant output is characterized by comprising the following steps:
acquiring wind speed, wind direction and arrangement information of wind turbine generators in a wind power plant;
determining the input wind speed of each wind turbine generator set according to the wind speed, the wind direction, the arrangement information and the pre-established corresponding relation among the input wind speed, the pitch angle and the thrust coefficient of each wind turbine generator set;
determining the total output power of the wind power plant according to the corresponding relation among the input wind speed, the pitch angle and the output power of each wind power generator set;
taking the pitch angle or thrust coefficient of each wind turbine generator as an adjusting parameter, taking the total output power as a target function, determining the pitch angle of each wind turbine generator corresponding to the maximum value of the total output power, and sending the pitch angle to the corresponding wind turbine generator;
the step of determining the input wind speed of each wind turbine generator set according to the wind speed, the wind direction, the arrangement information and the pre-established corresponding relationship among the input wind speed, the pitch angle and the thrust coefficient of each wind turbine generator set includes:
projecting the arrangement information to the wind direction to generate the sequence of each wind turbine generator set;
calculating the input wind speed of the first wind turbine generator according to the wind speed and the height ratio of the wind measuring equipment to the first wind turbine generator in the sequence;
calculating the input wind speed of the jth wind turbine generator set according to the corresponding relation among the wind speed, the height ratio of the wind measuring equipment to the jth wind turbine generator set in the sequence, the wind sweeping area of the jth wind turbine generator set, the wake shielding area of a kth wind turbine generator set on the upstream of the wind direction, the input wind speed, the pitch angle and the thrust coefficient of the kth wind turbine generator set; wherein j is a natural number greater than 1; k is 1, 2, …, j-1;
the step of calculating the input wind speed of the jth wind turbine generator set comprises the following steps:
setting the initial value of j to 2, the following loop operation is performed:
calculating an influence coefficient of the jth wind turbine generator unit influenced by the wake flow of the kth wind turbine generator unit according to the wind sweeping area of the jth wind turbine generator unit and the wake flow shielding area of the kth wind turbine generator unit at the upstream of the wind direction; wherein k is 1, 2, …, j-1;
calculating the wake flow wind speed v of the kth wind turbine generator set at the jth wind turbine generator setk：
Wherein v isjIs the natural wind speed, R, at the jth wind turbine generator setjIs the wind sweeping radius, R, of the jth wind turbine generator setjkFor the wake expansion radius of the kth wind turbine at the jth wind turbine, CkIs the thrust coefficient, v, of the kth wind turbinek0The input wind speed of the kth wind turbine generator set is obtained; the thrust coefficient of the kth wind turbine generator set is determined according to the corresponding relation among the input wind speed, the pitch angle and the thrust coefficient of the kth wind turbine generator set;
calculating the input wind speed v of the jth wind turbine generator setj0：
Wherein v isjIs the natural wind speed at the jth wind turbine generator system, B (j, k) is the influence coefficient of the kth wind turbine generator system on the jth wind turbine generator system, vkSetting the wake flow speed of the kth wind turbine generator set at the jth wind turbine generator set;
judging whether j is equal to the total amount of the wind turbine generator, if not, setting j to be j +1, and continuing to execute the cyclic operation until j is equal to the total amount of the wind turbine generator;
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
v0for measuring wind at wind-measuring equipmentSpeed, h being the altitude of the anemometer, hjThe altitude of the jth wind turbine generator set.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the step of calculating the input wind speed for the first wind turbine group comprises:
calculating the natural wind speed of the first wind turbine generator:
wherein v isjThe natural wind speed of the jth wind power generation unit, j is 1, v0Is the wind speed at the wind measuring equipment, h is the altitude of the wind measuring equipment, hjThe altitude of the jth wind turbine generator set is obtained;
and determining the natural wind speed as the input wind speed of the first wind turbine generator set.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein the step of calculating an influence coefficient of the jth wind turbine generator affected by the kth wind turbine generator wake comprises:
calculating the influence coefficient of the jth wind turbine generator system influenced by the k-th wind turbine generator system wake flow
B(j,k)＝Ashad_jk/Arot_j
Wherein k is 1, 2, …, j-1; a. theshad_jkThe wake shielding area of the kth wind turbine generator set at the jth wind turbine generator set is determined; a. therot_jThe wind sweeping area of the jth wind turbine generator set is shown.
4. The method of claim 1, further comprising:
obtaining real-time wind speed and direction by a wind measuring device, performing the method of any of claims 1-3.
5. An optimization device for wind farm output, comprising:
the information acquisition module is used for acquiring wind speed, wind direction and arrangement information of wind turbine generators in the wind power plant;
the input wind speed determining module is used for determining the input wind speed of each wind turbine generator set according to the wind speed, the wind direction, the arrangement information and the pre-established corresponding relation among the input wind speed, the pitch angle and the thrust coefficient of each wind turbine generator set;
the total output power determining module is used for determining the total output power of the wind power plant according to the corresponding relation among the input wind speed, the pitch angle and the output power of each wind power generation unit;
the pitch angle determining module is used for determining the pitch angle of each wind turbine generator set corresponding to the maximum value of the total output power by taking the pitch angle or the thrust coefficient of each wind turbine generator set as an adjusting parameter and the total output power as an objective function, and sending the pitch angle to the corresponding wind turbine generator set;
the input wind speed determination module is further configured to:
projecting the arrangement information to the wind direction to generate the sequence of each wind turbine generator set;
calculating the input wind speed of the first wind turbine generator according to the wind speed and the height ratio of the wind measuring equipment to the first wind turbine generator in the sequence;
calculating the input wind speed of the jth wind turbine generator set according to the corresponding relation among the wind speed, the height ratio of the wind measuring equipment to the jth wind turbine generator set in the sequence, the wind sweeping area of the jth wind turbine generator set, the wake shielding area of a kth wind turbine generator set on the upstream of the wind direction, the input wind speed, the pitch angle and the thrust coefficient of the kth wind turbine generator set; wherein j is a natural number greater than 1; k is 1, 2, …, j-1;
the input wind speed determination module is further configured to:
setting the initial value of j to 2, the following loop operation is performed:
calculating an influence coefficient of the jth wind turbine generator unit influenced by the wake flow of the kth wind turbine generator unit according to the wind sweeping area of the jth wind turbine generator unit and the wake flow shielding area of the kth wind turbine generator unit at the upstream of the wind direction; wherein k is 1, 2, …, j-1;
calculating the wake flow wind speed v of the kth wind turbine generator set at the jth wind turbine generator setk：
Wherein v isjIs the natural wind speed, R, at the jth wind turbine generator setjIs the wind sweeping radius, R, of the jth wind turbine generator setjkFor the wake expansion radius of the kth wind turbine at the jth wind turbine, CkIs the thrust coefficient, v, of the kth wind turbinek0The input wind speed of the kth wind turbine generator set is obtained; the thrust coefficient of the kth wind turbine generator set is determined according to the corresponding relation among the input wind speed, the pitch angle and the thrust coefficient of the kth wind turbine generator set;
calculating the input wind speed v of the jth wind turbine generator setj0：
Wherein v isjIs the natural wind speed at the jth wind turbine generator system, B (j, k) is the influence coefficient of the kth wind turbine generator system on the jth wind turbine generator system, vkSetting the wake flow speed of the kth wind turbine generator set at the jth wind turbine generator set;
judging whether j is equal to the total amount of the wind turbine generator, if not, setting j to be j +1, and continuing to execute the cyclic operation until j is equal to the total amount of the wind turbine generator;
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
v0is the wind speed at the wind measuring equipment, h is the altitude of the wind measuring equipment, hjThe altitude of the jth wind turbine generator set.
6. An apparatus for optimizing wind farm output, comprising a processor and a machine-readable storage medium storing machine-executable instructions executable by the processor to perform the method of any one of claims 1 to 4.
7. A machine-readable storage medium having stored thereon machine-executable instructions which, when invoked and executed by a processor, cause the processor to implement the method of any of claims 1 to 4.
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| CN111614088B (en) * | 2020-06-09 | 2021-09-21 | 三一重能股份有限公司 | Energy management method considering wake flow influence |
| CN111786404B (en) * | 2020-06-10 | 2022-09-27 | 东南大学 | Wind power plant active power optimal distribution method considering optimal rotor kinetic energy |
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