CN107831622B - 一种lcd液晶显示装置 - Google Patents

一种lcd液晶显示装置 Download PDF

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CN107831622B
CN107831622B CN201711185459.3A CN201711185459A CN107831622B CN 107831622 B CN107831622 B CN 107831622B CN 201711185459 A CN201711185459 A CN 201711185459A CN 107831622 B CN107831622 B CN 107831622B
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liquid crystal
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段仲达
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Hunan Hongjing Electronics Co., Ltd
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    • GPHYSICS
    • G02OPTICS
    • G02FOPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/1337Surface-induced orientation of the liquid crystal molecules, e.g. by alignment layers
    • G02F1/133711Surface-induced orientation of the liquid crystal molecules, e.g. by alignment layers by organic films, e.g. polymeric films
    • GPHYSICS
    • G02OPTICS
    • G02FOPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/1335Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
    • G02F1/13363Birefringent elements, e.g. for optical compensation
    • GPHYSICS
    • G02OPTICS
    • G02FOPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/137Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells characterised by the electro-optical or magneto-optical effect, e.g. field-induced phase transition, orientation effect, guest-host interaction or dynamic scattering
    • G02F1/13731Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells characterised by the electro-optical or magneto-optical effect, e.g. field-induced phase transition, orientation effect, guest-host interaction or dynamic scattering based on a field-induced phase transition
    • G02F1/13737Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells characterised by the electro-optical or magneto-optical effect, e.g. field-induced phase transition, orientation effect, guest-host interaction or dynamic scattering based on a field-induced phase transition in liquid crystals doped with a pleochroic dye

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Abstract

本发明提供了一种LCD液晶显示屏,通过合理控制液晶层的厚度、染料分子以及液晶材料,可获得成像效果好、驱动电压低等有益效果;以及提供了一种LCD液晶显示屏的制备方法。

Description

一种LCD液晶显示装置
技术领域
本发明设计一种显示装置,具体地,设计一种基于掺杂液晶材料的LCD液 晶显示装置。
背景技术
现有的电子纸显示技术主要包括:胆甾相液晶双稳显示、电子墨水电泳显示 和双色球显示等技术。
胆甾相液晶双稳显示技术是采用聚合物网络稳定胆甾相液晶,利用多畴织构 散射和网络稳定向列相透射的零场稳定性质,通过电压驱动波形技术使液晶进入 多畴织构或向列相织构实现双稳,进而实现在通电状态下的亮态与断电状态下的 暗态;或者,采用聚合物分散液晶或者聚合物分散胆甾相液晶,通过液晶的介电 各向异性,可以实现在通电状态下的亮态与断电状态下的暗态。然而,采用上 述显示技术实现电子纸显示时,往往需要较高的驱动电压,并且在显示时处于灰 底黑字的显示效果,对比度差,显示效果较差。
电子墨水电泳显示需要制备带电性均匀、分散性良好的电泳粒子,粒子的移 动需要施加足够的电压使其聚集在显示面侧或背板侧,且在胶囊密封过程中容易 产生气泡等,影响显示效果。
而对于双色球显示技术实现电子纸显示时,需要较厚的白油浆遮盖住黑色微 球才能实现白底态,从而导致需要较高的驱动电压以驱动较厚的白油浆,尤其现 有的白油浆的膜厚通常达到40微米以上,上述缺陷尤为明显。
发明内容
为了解决现有技术中实现电子纸显示时,驱动电压较高导致耗能较多,并且 在显示时处于灰底黑字的显示效果,显示效果较差的问题,本发明提供了一种液 晶显示屏及其制备方法。
本发明提供了一种LCD液晶显示装置,包括背光单元,驱动单元以及LCD 显示屏,其中LCD显示屏依次包括:
上基板;
形成于上基板的面电极;
形成于面电极的上取向膜;
液晶层;
下取向膜;
下基板以及位于下基板与下取向膜之间的像素电极;
其特征在于:液晶层厚度为3.4um,包括向列相液晶材料和染料分子,其中 所述染料分子占所述液晶层浓度为0.3%,组成成分为式(1),
Figure BDA0001480030270000021
其中取代基R可以为C3H7、C4H9、C5H11中的任一种;
所述液晶材料为电控双折射液晶,分子式为式(2)
Figure BDA0001480030270000022
所述液晶层的阈值电压小于3V,所述液晶层的饱和电压小于4V。
优选的,上取向膜和下取向膜为平行取向。
优选的,取向膜材料为聚乙烯醇。
优选的,所述面电极和所述像素电极均为石墨烯电极。
优选的,还包括位于液晶层出光面的应力双折射机构。
优选的,所述应力双折射机构包括应力层和应力施加单元,当需要进行隐私 显示时,通过应力施加单元改变应力层位移,从而产生双折射现象,从液晶层出 射的偏振光被阻挡。
本发明通过将特定染料分子和特定向列向液晶分子按照特定比例混合均匀, 并注入显示装置的液晶盒中作为液晶层,该染料分子在液晶显示装置未施加驱动 电压时使得外界光线无法透过液晶层,尽可能地减少进入人眼的反射光,显示衬 底呈现暗态;在液晶显示装置施加驱动电压时使得外界光线透过液晶层经反射层 反射至人眼,显示衬底呈现亮态,因此本发明实施例提供的显示装置的对比度较 高,使得液晶显示装置施加驱动电压显示时,显示衬底与显示图形的对比更为明 显,另外,由于合理设计液晶层厚度、染料分子材料和液晶材料,本发明的液晶 显示装置驱动电压更低,能耗更小。
附图说明
图1为本发明实施例中的液晶显示屏示意图;
其中附图标记1为上基板,2为下基板,3为液晶层,包括液晶材料30和染 料分子31,4为封框胶,5为ITO电极层。
图2为本发明实施例中的液晶显示装置示意图;
其中附图标记11为偏光板,12为下基板,13为上基板,14为液晶层;21 为第一光源,22为第二光源,23为导光板,24为第一偏光片,25为第二偏光片; 31为第一数据信号驱动器,32为第二数据信号驱动器。
具体实施方式
现在将对示例性实施例详细地做出说明,其示例在附图中示出,其中,相同 的标号始终表示相同的部件。在这点上,示例性实施例可具有不同的形式且不应 被解释为局限于这里的描述。因此,下面仅通过参考附图描述示例性实施例,以 解释本描述的各方面。
如图1所示,本发明实施例提供了一种LCD液晶显示屏,其依次包括上基板 1,形成在上基板上的面电极以及形成在面电极上的聚乙烯醇取向膜(未示出), 液晶层3,形成在液晶层3下侧的下取向膜(未示出),像素电极5和下基板2, 上基板1和下基板2之间利用封框胶密封。在面电极和像素电极之间施加电压, 则液晶层会在电场的作用下发生液晶分子的取向偏转,这种分子取向的变化会引 起液晶分子双折射率的变化,光的透过率也会因此而改变。
本发明中所使用的液晶分子为
Figure BDA0001480030270000031
利用氰基取代液晶材料的侧链得到的液晶化合物,它的偶极距垂直于分子长轴的 矢量大于其平行于分子长轴的矢量,氰基同时可以降低液晶分子的清亮点、提高 液晶材料的粘度。
本发明所选用的染料分子为
Figure BDA0001480030270000041
由于染料分子的二向色性,染料分子对平行于分子长轴的入射光吸收最强而呈现有色 状态,对垂直于分子短轴的入射光吸收最弱而呈无色透明态。理论上,由于取向 过程中的分子热运动,染料分子长度越长越能阻碍热运动促使分子有序排列,但 是染料分子过长,反而使液晶分子难以带动,使有序参数降低。染料分子的长度 与液晶分子长度相似,才可能较好的随液晶分子一起取向,提高有序度。本发明 中通过合理设计、选择染料分子和液晶分子,使得两者有序性良好,在进行取向 排列时所需驱动电压降低。通过发明人实验验证,当液晶层厚度为3.4um,染料 分子浓度为液晶层总浓度的0.3%时,液晶层的阈值电压低于3V,饱和电压低于 4V。其中阈值电压为液晶层透光率达到10%时的电压,饱和电压为液晶层透光率 达到90%时的电压。
本发明中的取向膜选用聚乙烯醇,上下两层取向膜的取向平行,面电极和像 素电极均为石墨烯电极。在液晶层的出光面还设置有应力双折射机构。应力双折 射机构包括应力层和应力施加单元,通过应力施加单元改变应力层位移,从而产 生双折射现象,控制从所述液晶层出射的光束状态。
本发明另一实施例还提供了一种液晶显示装置,其包括背光单元、驱动单元 以及LCD液晶显示屏。
如图2中所示,其中背光单元包括第一光源21、第二光源22,两者发出的 光线分别经过第一偏光片24和第二偏光片25控制导入导光板23的光的偏振状 态;驱动单元包括第一数据信号驱动器31和第二数据信号驱动器32,第一数据 信号驱动器和第二数据信号驱动器分别控制第一光源21和第二光源22的开启状 态,进而控制进入液晶层的光偏振状态;LCD液晶显示屏,液晶层14包括染料 分子
Figure RE-GDA0001570688950000041
其中取代基R可以为 C3H7、C4H9、C5H11中的任一种;和液晶分子,其化学式为
Figure RE-GDA0001570688950000042
所述液晶显示装置中的偏光板为包括应力双折射机构。
所述应力双折射机构包括应力层和应力施加单元,通过应力施加单元改变应 力层位移,从而产生双折射现象,控制从所述液晶层出射的光束状态。
虽然上面已经具体示出并描述了示例性实施例,但是本领域的普通技术人员 应该理解,在不脱离由权利要求限定的发明构思的精神和范围的情况下,可以对 其进行形式和细节的各种改变。

Claims (3)

1.一种LCD液晶显示装置,包括背光单元,驱动单元以及LCD显示屏,其中LCD显示屏依次包括:上基板;形成于上基板的面电极;形成于面电极的上取向膜;液晶层;下取向膜;下基板以及位于下基板与下取向膜之间的像素电极;其特征在于:液晶层厚度为3.4um,包括向列相液晶材料和染料分子,其中所述染料分子占所述液晶层浓度为0.3%,组成成分为式(1),
Figure FDA0002278248500000011
其中取代基R可以为C3H7、C4H9、C5H11中的任一种;所述液晶材料为电控双折射液晶,分子式为式(2)
Figure FDA0002278248500000012
所述液晶层的阈值电压小于3V,所述液晶层的饱和电压小于4V,所述装置还包括位于液晶层出光面的应力双折射机构,所述应力双折射机构包括应力层和应力施加单元,通过应力施加单元改变应力层位移,从而产生双折射现象,控制从所述液晶层出射的光束状态。
2.如权利要求1所述的LCD液晶显示装置,其特征在于,所述上取向膜和所述下取向膜材料为聚乙烯醇,两者为平行取向。
3.如权利要求2所述的LCD液晶显示装置,其特征在于,所述面电极和所述像素电极均为石墨烯电极。
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