CN107831217A - One kind fills Continuous compacting acoustic wave sensing system and method - Google Patents
One kind fills Continuous compacting acoustic wave sensing system and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN107831217A CN107831217A CN201711066407.4A CN201711066407A CN107831217A CN 107831217 A CN107831217 A CN 107831217A CN 201711066407 A CN201711066407 A CN 201711066407A CN 107831217 A CN107831217 A CN 107831217A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N29/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves; Visualisation of the interior of objects by transmitting ultrasonic or sonic waves through the object
- G01N29/04—Analysing solids
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N29/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves; Visualisation of the interior of objects by transmitting ultrasonic or sonic waves through the object
- G01N29/44—Processing the detected response signal, e.g. electronic circuits specially adapted therefor
- G01N29/4409—Processing the detected response signal, e.g. electronic circuits specially adapted therefor by comparison
- G01N29/4418—Processing the detected response signal, e.g. electronic circuits specially adapted therefor by comparison with a model, e.g. best-fit, regression analysis
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2291/00—Indexing codes associated with group G01N29/00
- G01N2291/02—Indexing codes associated with the analysed material
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Abstract
One kind fills Continuous compacting acoustic wave sensing system, based on roller, detection device includes sound field sound pick-up, analysis and processing module, display and GPS etc., during rolling and placement layer, the sound field sound pick-up that the acoustic wavefield time-domain signal that rolling layers are formed about is installed on vibration wheel of road roller outer frame receives, and sampling forms acoustic wavefield data signal；GPS provides the spacing wave related to rolling position simultaneously, the acoustic signals of sampling are filtered, spectrum analysis, obtain effective acoustical signal secondary harmonic amplitude, according to secondary harmonic amplitude and the correlation of compaction of earth rock material degree, establish Continuous compacting degree desired value, presented with reference to GPS spatial positional informations on airborne indicator and roll region space-time compactness distribution map, the present invention has non-contact, continuously, the features such as real-time, it is adapted to reclamation work Continuous compacting quality control, intelligent Continuous compacting function is also easily achieved by the vibration frequency and vibration amplitude of compactness feedback control vibration wheel of road roller.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to earth rock placement compaction quality detection technique field, available for earth rock placement quality quick nondestructive
Detection, more particularly to one kind fills Continuous compacting acoustic wave sensing system and method.
Background technology
With building for global highway, railway, airport, building, bridge, reservoir and dam etc., increasing soil
It is soil, asphalt, soil-stone material or other materials that roadbed, the dam foundation or dam body of stonework etc., which fill form, and is filled out
The compactness for building material be control earth and rock works filled soils an important indicator, it directly affect filling body intensity and
Stability, influences the performance and service life of filling body, therefore researcher both domestic and external proposes and have developed many to be directed to
The testing equipment and technology of earth and rock works roadbed, the dam foundation or dam embankment quality.
Testing equipment, according to the difference of detection mode, can substantially be divided into direct method, indirect method with technology.Direct method includes
Sand replacement method, core cutter method, nucleon density hygronom method, douche etc., indirect method include airborne tester for compaction degree method, GPR
Method, rayleigh wave method, electromagnetic method, resistivity measurement method and shock response Spectrum Method etc..Direct method is sampling Detection method, can only be reflected
The compacting situation of some points, it is impossible to reflect the compaction quality of whole working face, and belong to and damage detection, to former roadbed or filling body
Disturbance it is larger, in addition, the testing equipment of this method is numerous and diverse and heavy, testing process is more and complicated, causes direct method detection effect
Rate is low, manpower and economic cost are high, can not meet the requirement of mechanical engineering rapid construction, thus can seriously restrict construct into
Degree, reduce efficiency of construction and the engineering economies such as highway, railway, airport and dam；Indirect method belongs to reflection cubic metre of earth and stone work indirectly
The detection method of journey filled soils, accuracy of detection is low and testing equipment is expensive, can not meet that (such as earth and rockfill dam fills matter to filled soils
Amount) high standards, expensive detection device and engineering economy can be greatly reduced, be detected at present in earth and rockfill dam filled soils
Field also can use without accuracy of detection height, efficient and suitable for earth and rockfill dam filling material such as sand gravel material Indirect Detecting Method.
In summary, a kind of accuracy of detection height, real-time high-efficiency, non-contacting Non-Destructive Testing equipment and technology are needed in Practical Project.
At present, the research for filled soils context of detection both at home and abroad, in terms of being concentrated mainly on roadbed filling quality, accordingly
Testing equipment and technology obtain the application practice of decades in highway construction applications.Abroad, correlative study mainly collects
In in how using RICM/IC technologies be applied to highway build and choose RICM/IC parameters as mechanical Pavement Design standard value.Mesh
Before, the index that can be used to characterize earthwork filling body compactness mainly has CMV, MDP, Ks、EvibWith THD etc..Referred to based on compactness
Mark CMV, MDP, Ks、EvibRoad roller integrated is commonly known as into compacting monitoring technology with THD etc. airborne compactness detection technique
(RICM), by the Thurner of the highway committee of Sweden in the vibration based on roller in 1974 and the correlation of soil compression characteristic
It is proposed RICM concept.RICM is that testing equipment is arranged on certain compacting machinary, by gathering acceleration, power/displacement, machine
The signals such as the net driving power of device, temperature, are analyzed and processed to the signal collected, are proposed corresponding compactness index, are utilized this
A little desired values to reflect indirectly a kind of technology of the compaction of road surface, roadbed or other filling bodies.With the development of technology, such as
Filled soils monitoring system of the fruit based on RICM technologies provides the automatic feedback control of Oscillation Amplitude, vibration frequency, road roller speed
System, then its commonly known as intelligence compacting (Intelligent Compaction, IC).Mooney and Rinehart have studied existing
Native response in field vibration loading procedure, and the relation with being measured native rigidity using RICM technologies is analyzed.White etc. pairs
The site assessment of RICM technologies and the research of specification have done one and have looked back summary, and application of the emphasis to CMV and MDP is summarized,
Comprehensive review has been done to site assessment and related specifications have been done with a brief review.Heersink and Furrer utilizes RICM skills
Art rolls measured value to the live soil pressure measured and has carried out spatial analysis in fact.Gallivan etc. is using IC methods for road improvement
Construction is studied.Mark and Robert is calibrated using measurement of the soil pressure reality forecast model to MDP, is RICM
Technology is applied in practice and has carried out significant exploratory development.Jiao etc. was constructed using RICM technologies to high-speed railway subgrade
Compacting operation has carried out stability contorting research in journey.Cacciola etc. is using RICM systems to being rolled soil in levee body work progress
QA/QC carried out selection compacting method for normalizing exploratory development.Nie etc. measures compacting angle value and field compaction to RICM technologies
The compacting angle value that method of testing measures has carried out the isolated charged body of associated verification test.Correia and Parente utilizes IC skills
Compacting of the art to rock-soil material is studied, and has carried out comparative analysis with conventional compacting methods, the results showed that IC technical performances
It is superior and there is lot of advantages with conventional method ratio.Sangiorgi etc. is for the returning in highway construction with building waste of constructing
Receive using being studied, RICM technologies are employed in the embankments construction stage.Barman etc. is using IC technologies for stable road bed
Compacting carried out the research of real-time monitoring analysis.Tan etc. is based on RICM technologies, using harmonic balance recognition methods (HBIM) to soil
The continuous identification of compacting rigidity is studied.Xu and Chang is close to the ground surface material during construction of the highway using IC technologies
The quality control and examination of degree are studied, it is proposed that original a material-machine-information and people-decision-making integrated system,
The monitoring of the adaptive compacted region of real-time covering 100% has been carried out to compactingproperties such as material stiffness, has been compacted by monitoring
Process and roller-ground interaction, system can determine to be compacted desired value and feed back to IC systems in time to optimize compacting
Operation and improvement construction quality.In addition to RICM/IC technologies, other technologies have also obtained certain development and application.Such as
The trials such as Anbazhagan are investigated soil compaction uniformity using ground penetrating radar exploration.Shangguan etc. is proposed
One original method being monitored using GPR technologies to effecting HMA compaction.Beaucamp etc. utilizes a kind of Step Frequency
Rate radar (SFR) technology has carried out Non-Destructive Testing and assessment to HMA compactness.Karray etc. is using MASW methods to P é
The deep compaction of the ribonka dam foundations has carried out evaluation studies.Donohue etc. is carried out using seismic surface wave method to soil pressure truth condition
Detection.Fauchard etc. is determined using the HF-electromagnetism (EM) propagated based on ripple to HMA compactness.Chiang etc.
Using the compactness for investigating Spreading Velocity of Stress Wave detection backfill and assess its compaction quality.Islam etc. is surveyed using resistivity
Examination method is detected to soil compaction degree situation.Moallemi-Oreh etc. utilizes acoustic method, the pressure of soil during to crop-planting
Solidity has carried out estimation research.Cui is analyzed the dynamic pore pressure by hammer ram weight and dynamic soil pressure, is carried
The method of a real-time diagnosis subgrade compaction state is gone out.
At home, correlative study is concentrated mainly on the development and application for the roller compaction quality device for characterizing consolidation effect
On.Hebei University of Technology Zhang Runli etc. characterizes soil layer compactness by monitoring the vibration acceleration of vertical direction, develops and shakes
Dynamic pressure solidity gauge, the method that traditional random sampling detection Subgrade Compaction can be substituted.Occupy color plum compacting meter abroad
On the basis of operation principle, the measurement side of the in-Vehicle Compaction Meter for rolling machine testing soil compaction is analyzed
Method, and the unusual composition detected using wavelet transformation in vibration signal is proposed, it have devised a kind of Continuous compacting of roller
Spend detector.Ancestor's text etc. has carried out application study of the rayleigh surface wave in marine reclamation land strong rammer detects engineering, and to testing result
Analyzed.The it is proposeds such as Deng Xuexin reflect the compactness of soil compression situation certainly indirectly by detecting vibrating wheels vibration acceleration
Dynamic Cleaning Principle, and develop response detecting system.Yang Renfeng etc. is from soil body Visco-Elastic-Plastic Theory, with impact+vibration+quiet
Grind compound rolling device and be applied medium-soil as entirety, analyze the soil body in impact+vibration+quiet stone roller compound rolling effect
Under deformation characteristicses, establish impact+vibration+quiet and grind compound rolling roller and the kinetic model of soil system, using theory
Analyze with testing the research method being combined, on the basis of theoretical research early stage, utilize homemade impact shock compound rolling
Device has carried out experimental study by lot of experiments to soil compaction mechanism.Miao Linchang and Qiu Yu is directed to Line of Nanjing Subway Zhujiang River road
Section tunneling construction during there is situation about largely seeping water, using face spread area ripple spectrum analysis (SASW) technology over the ground
Base soil nature is researched and analysed.Li little Yong and Xu Jinkai is proposed with New Type of Rubber Balloon with Water Volumometer compacted density of roadbed
Detection method.Model cloud and Wang Yingzhen have carried out fill thickness detection and airborne compacting integrated system application study.Huang Sheng is enjoyed
Deng Construction of Concrete Face Rockfill Dam feature is directed to, the global location for developing CFRD Embankment quality monitors and is in real time
System, realizes the monitoring to number of rolling, road speed, compacted depth.Liu Liping and Wang Dongyao has carried out soil-stone material pressure
Substantive amount control method research.Xu Guanghui etc. proposes the dynamics using follow-on test road structure drag change information as characteristic
Monitoring method, develop Continuous Dynamic Monitor Technology on Subgrade Compaction Quality.Li Shaobo etc. proposes evaluates soil using shear wave velocity
The mixed new method for filling out roadbed porosity of stone, proposes the control standard using porosity as compaction quality index.In order to realize rigid road
The dynamic that the Fast nondestructive evaluation that faceplate panels come to nothing with Subgrade Compaction Quality, Liu Huixun etc. propose using transient test method as characteristic is examined
Survey technology.Sha Aimin etc. have studied the vibration of large stone asphalt mixture using the vibration moulding compacting machine voluntarily developed
Debulking methods.It is automatic that Chang An University's force Artline, the good, Sun Zuwang of hippology etc. have studied the oscillatory roller compacting based on energy balance
Control technology.Li Bin etc. has developed Middle Line Project For Transferring Water From South To North first stage of the project highly filled road roller compaction construction Real-time quality monitoring system
System, and be applied in engineering practice.Yu Zizhong and yellow increasing have just carried out intelligent compacting process control system in water conservancy and hydropower
Tentative application study in engineering.Wu Bin equalitys propose is ground based on GPS and real time dynamic differential technology RTK dam construction
The real-time monitoring theory of construction quality is pressed, and dragon opening RCCD is developed based on this theory and pours roller compaction construction quality reality
When monitoring system and be applied in the engineering.Liu Donghai etc. with reflect roller acting dam material unit volume Compaction Effort
And muller vibration acceleration harmonic distortion amount (THD (E)0) real-time monitoring index as rock-fill dams compaction quality, develop
Rock-fill dams compaction quality real-time monitoring systems, and real-time monitoring and rapid evaluation have been carried out to rock-fill dams compaction quality.In addition,
Zhong Denghua etc. is based on roller integrated compacting monitoring technology (RICM) technological development earth and rockfill dam and rolls Quality Monitoring Control System in real time
With RCCD realtime construction Quality Monitoring Control System, it is calculated using number of rolling, based on acceleration harmonic signal
Compactness desired value characterizes compaction quality, and by multivariate regression models, predicts the compacting in whole dam facing or roller compaction construction region
Degree situation.
Domestic and international newest achievement in research shows above, and external earth rock placement quality equipment is mainly concentrated with technology should
With in the detection of the filled soils of the roadbeds such as highway, airport and railway.Wherein, RICM technologies research and application it is the widest
It is general.External filled soils testing equipment is without corresponding research and work in earth and rockfill dam filled soils field to technology major defect
Journey application experience and equipment costly, a wide range of popularization and application can not be carried out in engineering.And domestic state-of-the-art technology is only
The real-time roller compaction construction quality monitoring of earth and stone material or concrete material is developed into, this monitoring is only for number of rolling, driving
The monitoring of speed, rolling layers thickness, roller vibrational state etc., the monitoring of quality is rolled substantially to earth and stone material, concrete material
Or several establish multivariate regression models by roll during rolling operation more after the completion of, rolling operation and predict whole construction area
The compaction quality of domain rolling layers, realize on this method surface and roll quality monitoring in real time, but not really realize pair
The real-time effective detection of live large area earth and stone material, concrete material compactness, it is easy to produced in material roller compaction process
Gave birth to the situation of decompression, the heterogeneity that material rolls occur, to be also built upon manual operation be main body for various technologies integrated
On the basis of, rolling quality can not be effectively ensured, and roll accuracy, material homogeneity, on-site rolling high construction efficiency
It cannot more ensure, in addition, this roller compaction construction Quality Monitoring Control System in real time is complicated, hardware device is various, software kit
It is required that high and various, it is expensive to directly result in whole system, significantly reduces engineering economy.
The content of the invention
The shortcomings that in order to overcome above-mentioned prior art, it is an object of the invention to provide one kind to fill the inspection of Continuous compacting sound wave
Examining system and method, it can be used for the Detection ＆ Controling of roadbed or dam foundation filled soils, especially earth and rockfill dam dam embankment process
The compaction quality Detection ＆ Controling of middle sand gravel material, as the dam foundation during rock fill dam construction and dam embankment quality testing and control
A kind of effective tool of system, the present invention, can simply, efficiently and accurately on the premise of the earth and rockfill dam dam foundation or dam body is not destroyed
The earth and rockfill dam dam foundation or dam embankment quality are detected, in order to control its filled soils.The present invention is based on acoustic method to earth and stone material
Compactness carry out Fast nondestructive evaluation, by sound signal collecting device realize to earth and stone material in roller vibrating compaction process
In the collection of acoustical signal that sends, spectrum analysis processing then is carried out to the effective acoustical signal collected using airborne computer,
Sound Compaction value is obtained, the index has strong correlation, the compacting effect of energy Efficient Characterization earth and stone material with compaction of earth rock material degree
Fruit, on real-time data transmission to long-distance monitorng device, it is easy to the on-line monitoring of data access and data to analyze, can thus has
Effect solves existing earth and rock works filled soils context of detection, precision especially existing for earth and rockfill dam filled soils context of detection
Low, poorly efficient, testing equipment or system architecture it is complicated, expensive, non-it is region-wide in real time measurement the problems such as, realize to earth and stone material pressure
Quick, lossless, the accurate efficiently measurement of solidity.
To achieve these goals, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is：
One kind fills Continuous compacting acoustic wave sensing system, is arranged on loading equipemtn, including detection device, and the loading is set
Standby is roller, implements on-site rolling construction operation, when the detection device gathers roller rolling and placement layer in real time, rolling layers
The acoustic wavefield time-domain signal and the current position coordinates information of roller being formed about, and these signals are carried out at signal condition
Reason, draws real-time compactness desired value, and it is shown over the display with spatial positional information by further analyzing and processing
To roll region space-time compactness distribution map.
The detection device includes：
Sound field sound pick-up, during for obtaining roller rolling and placement layer, acoustic wavefield time-domain signal that rolling layers are formed about,
The acoustic wavefield time-domain signal includes the sound letter that acoustical signal, vibrating wheels and the soil interaction that roller vibrating motor is sent are sent
Number, environmental noise；
GPS, for providing the spacing wave related to rolling position；
Signal-regulated kinase, the stone roller that acoustic wavefield time-domain signal and GPS for providing sound field sound pick-up provide
The related spacing wave in position is pressed to carry out signal condition processing, in order to which signal transmits；
Data acquisition module, the acoustic wavefield time-domain signal transmitted for synchronous acquisition by Signal-regulated kinase and with rolling position
Put the spacing wave of correlation, and the signal real-time Transmission that will be collected；
Analysis and processing module, for being filtered to acoustic wavefield time-domain signal, spectrum analysis and logarithmetics processing, had
Acoustical signal secondary harmonic amplitude is imitated, according to secondary harmonic amplitude and the strong correlation of compaction of earth rock material degree, it is established that continuously press
Solidity desired value, current placement grinding region compacting angle value is calculated in real time；It is and related to rolling position according to difference algorithm pair
Spacing wave carry out difference processing, so that the current location coordinate value of vibrating roller press is calculated, the coordinate value accuracy reaches
To Centimeter Level；
Display, region space-time compactness distribution map is rolled during for the placement grinding operation of real-time display scene.
GPS and RTK-GPS base stations, live rover station, the satellite sky that to realize loading equipemtn position jointly relevant
Between information offer, wherein RTK-GPS receivers, satellite, GPS Base Station are calculated by difference algorithm realizes the essence of roller jointly
True position positioning (positioning precision is Centimeter Level).
Realize that information transfer is supported with power supply by wire communication between sound field sound pick-up and Signal-regulated kinase；The letter
The signal condition processing that number conditioning module is carried out includes amplification, filtered, and can be identified with converting the signal into data acquisition module
Standard signal；Acoustic wavefield time-domain signal and roller locational space signal are passed through wire communication side by the data acquisition module
Formula is transferred to analysis and processing module.
Analysis and processing step of the analysis and processing module to acoustic wavefield time-domain signal are as follows：
The original sound signal collected is filtered processing first, eliminates exceptional value, and remove roller start and
Sound signal data the time required to stopping；Then acoustical signal is divided into n equal portions according to setting value；The acoustical signal divided equally is entered
Row FFT, obtain root mean square frequency spectrum；Then 2 subharmonic amplitudes (SHA) in the acoustical signal spectrum data of each equal portions are carried out
Denary logarithmization processing, and 2 subharmonic amplitude datas after processing are stored in airborne computer specified location, it is easy to
Data real time access and the analysis of the on-line monitoring of data；Finally, according to 2 obtained subharmonic amplitudes, 2 subharmonic width are established respectively
Value and number of rolling, 2 subharmonic amplitudes and compaction of earth rock material degree relational model, according to SHA values or the model, continuously calculate soil
The real-time compactness of the current rolling layers of masonry dam.
The display also shows the field data including speed, rolling layers overview, number of rolling.
The sound field sound pick-up realizes and is fixedly mounted that the sound pick-up erecting device is divided into branch by sound pick-up erecting device
Frame part and sound pick-up fixed part, the holder part are double L-shaped, are individually fixed in the outer frame of roller roller close to driving
At the lower position of room side (position will not vibrate when roller vibrates), double L-shaped support is close to the part of roller with a thickness
The long iron plates of about 1cm are attached, and are sound pick-up fixed part below iron plate middle, and sound pick-up fixed part is directly contacted and consolidated
Determine sound field sound pick-up.
The sound field sound pick-up and holder part, and utilize the parts such as soft rubber with roller outer frame contact portion
Carry out vibration isolation processing.
The feedback control that operation is filled to on-site rolling is realized by feedback control module, the feedback control module is to stone roller
Pressing machine for operation person and site supervision personnel provide the feedback information of compacting operation situation, so that related personnel adopts an effective measure,
Improve the compaction quality for filling layer.
Promising Continuous compacting control acoustic wave sensing system is set to provide the airborne electric power storage that power supply is supported on the loading equipemtn
Pond.
Present invention also offers one kind to fill Continuous compacting sound wave detecting method, by gathering roller rolling and placement in real time
During layer, acoustic wavefield time-domain signal and the current position coordinates information of roller that rolling layers are formed about, and these signals are entered
The processing of row signal condition, draws real-time compactness desired value, and itself and spatial positional information are shown by further analyzing and processing
It is shown as rolling region space-time compactness distribution map.
Compared with existing earth and rock works filled soils detection technique, the present invention has the spy such as non-contact, continuous, real-time
Point, it is especially suitable for reclamation work Continuous compacting quality control, especially earth and rockfill dam filled soils (such as sand gravel material) and carries out accurately
Effective and quick nondestructive detection, and full dam facing construction area detection can be carried out to rolling roadbed in real time, it pass through to feed back and control
The vibration frequency of vibration wheel of road roller processed also easily realizes intelligent Continuous compacting function with vibration amplitude, can not only improve construction
Efficiency, engineering-built economy and engineering construction fine-grained management is also set to be protected.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is principle schematic diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the sound field sound pick-up schematic view of the mounting position of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is the on-site rolling construction area schematic diagram of one embodiment of the present of invention.
Embodiment
With reference to the detecting system and Method And Principle and embodiment, equipment and the method for the present invention are done further in detail
Description.Following examples and accompanying drawing are for illustrating that it is specifically live with method that the present invention puies forward the airborne acoustic wave detection devices of filled soils
Implementation process is detected, but is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.
Shown in Fig. 1, one kind of the present invention fills Continuous compacting acoustic wave sensing system, is arranged on loading equipemtn 1, including detection
Equipment 2, loading equipemtn 1 are roller, implement on-site rolling construction operation, set promising Continuous compacting to control on loading equipemtn 1
Acoustic wave sensing system provides the airborne battery 11 that power supply is supported.When detection device 2 gathers roller rolling and placement layer in real time, grind
The acoustic wavefield time-domain signal and the current position coordinates information of roller that laminate layer is formed about, and signal tune is carried out to these signals
Reason processing, draw real-time compactness desired value by further analyzing and processing, and by its with spatial positional information on the display 7
It is shown as rolling region space-time compactness distribution map.
Detection device 2 includes：
Sound field sound pick-up 3, during for obtaining roller rolling and placement layer, acoustic wavefield time domain letter that rolling layers are formed about
Number, the acoustic wavefield time-domain signal includes the sound that acoustical signal, vibrating wheels and the soil interaction that roller vibrating motor is sent are sent
Signal, environmental noise；
GPS 9, for providing the spacing wave related to rolling position；RTK-GPS receivers, satellite, GPS bases
Stand to calculate by difference algorithm and realize that the exact position of roller positions jointly；
Realize that information transfer is supported with power supply by wire communication between Signal-regulated kinase 4, with sound field sound pick-up 3, it is right
The related spacing wave in position that rolls for acoustic wavefield time-domain signal and GPS 9 offer that sound field sound pick-up 3 provides is put
Greatly, the signal condition such as filtering processing, converts the signal into the standard signal that data acquisition module 5 can identify；
Data acquisition module 5, the acoustic wavefield time-domain signal transmitted for synchronous acquisition by Signal-regulated kinase 4 and with rolling
The related spacing wave in position, and the signal collected is real-time transmitted to analysis and processing module 6 by wire communication mode；
Analysis and processing module 6, for being filtered to acoustic wavefield time-domain signal, spectrum analysis and logarithmetics processing, obtain
Effective acoustical signal secondary harmonic amplitude, according to secondary harmonic amplitude and the strong correlation of compaction of earth rock material degree, it is established that come continuous
Compactness desired value, current placement grinding region compacting angle value is calculated in real time；And according to difference algorithm pair with rolling position phase
The spacing wave of pass carries out difference processing, so that the current location coordinate value of vibrating roller press is calculated；
Display 7, region space-time compactness distribution map is rolled during for the placement grinding operation of real-time display scene, and
The live relevant informations such as speed, rolling layers overview, number of rolling.
The present invention can also realize the feedback control that operation is filled to on-site rolling, feedback control by feedback control module 8
Module 8 provides the feedback information of compacting operation situation to roller operator and site supervision personnel, so that related personnel takes
Effective measures, improve the compaction quality for filling layer.
The present invention carries out earth and rock works filled soils detection based on acoustics, gathers and handles according to newly-designed acoustical signal
System realizes its function, as follows to earth and rock works filled soils, especially earth and rockfill dam filled soils (such as sand gravel
Material) detected：
1) Fig. 2 show the present invention the schematic view of the mounting position of sound field sound pick-up 3,101 represent vibrating wheels, 102 represent in
Frame, 103 represent outer frame, and 104 represent holder part, and 105 represent sound pick-up fixed part.Sound field sound pick-up 3 passes through pickup
Device erecting device 10, which is realized, to be fixedly mounted, and sound pick-up erecting device 10 divides for holder part 105 and sound pick-up fixed part 104,
Holder part 105 is double L-shaped, is individually fixed in the outer frame 103 of roller roller at the lower position of driver's cabin side, double L
Type support is attached close to the part of roller with the iron plate of a thickness about 1cm, is sound pick-up fixed part below iron plate middle
104, sound pick-up fixed part 104 directly contacts and fixed sound field pickup device 3.Sound field sound pick-up 3 and holder part 105, and
Vibration isolation processing is carried out with the contact portion of roller outer frame 103 using soft rubber etc..
2) Fig. 3 show the on-site rolling construction area schematic diagram of embodiment, plans that N bars roll in the R of roller compaction construction region
Construct band (S1, S2, S3..., SN-2, SN-1, SN).Roller rolls since Start regions, at Stop stopping roll, in
Between effectively to roll the length in region be L, roller compaction construction band L is divided into m parts (B first1, B2, B3, B4..., Bm)。
2) roller is received from Start to Stop during acoustic wavefield in roller compaction construction operation process using sound field sound pick-up 3
Domain signal.Signal-regulated kinase 4 is first passed through to believe the acoustic wavefield time-domain signal collected and the locational space relevant with roller
Number, data then are synchronized with collection by Data Data acquisition module 5, the hardware of data acquisition module 5, which uses, possesses higher adopt
Collect the capture card of speed, its embedded software system has visualization feature.The signal collected is real-time transmitted to by data wire
Analysis and processing module 6 is further processed, acoustic wavefield time-domain signal of the software section of analysis and processing module 6 first to collecting
And the locational space signal relevant with roller is filtered processing, it is poor that locational space signal is carried out followed by difference algorithm
Divide and calculate, obtain roller real-time position information, and the acoustic wavefield time-domain signal data to collecting carry out processing of leaving out the beginning and the end,
Start and Stop parts acoustical signal are weeded out, then by remaining acoustic wavefield time-domain signal m deciles, respectively to every first-class
Part acoustical signal carries out FFT, obtains corresponding frequency spectrum, and and then the ordinate data logarithmetics of frequency data is handled
(log10), respectively obtain 2 subharmonic amplitudes (SHA) of each equal portions acoustical signal, the lot of experimental data correlation before foundation
Analysis and soil-structure dynamics, the theories integration of infinite baffle upper piston formula radiated sound field model, establish SHA indexs and pressure
The relational model of solidity, the compactness desired value of real-time earth and stone material may finally be characterized with following formula：
ynm=k × SHAnm× 100%
Wherein k-factor is proportionality coefficient, SHAnmSection is rolled for nth bar roller compaction construction band m blocks, ynmIt is worth for nth bar
Roller compaction construction band m blocks roll section compacted density value.
3) region space-time compactness distribution map is rolled using during 7 real-time display scene placement grinding operation of display, and
Other relevant informations of displaying scene, such as speed, rolling layers overview, number of rolling.Then rolled using feedback control module 8
Machine operation person and site supervision personnel provide the feedback information of compacting operation situation, so that related personnel adopts an effective measure, carry
Height fills the compaction quality of layer.
Such scheme in real time, can accurately and accurately calculate each detection unit during roller rolling operation
Compactness, be easy to engineering staff immediately, grasp condition of construction exactly, and the system expandability is preferable, system building peace
Dress is convenient, and reliability is higher, is easy to tackle earth and rockfill dam construction job site complexity rugged environment.
For above-mentioned compactness formula (i.e. ynmCalculation formula), the present invention is explained as follows：By to substantial amounts of experiment
Found after data progress regression analysis, compactness and the 2 subharmonic width obtained after the effective acoustical signal FFT of each detection unit
There is strong correlation relation between value；Meanwhile the strong correlation relation has also obtained soil-structure kinetic model and acoustic irradiation model
Theory deduction conclusion effective support, theoretical model derive result show acoustical signal FFT after 2 subharmonic amplitudes
There is power function relationship with compaction of earth rock material degree, this inference has obtained strong confirmation in substantial amounts of test data result,
So as to obtain a kind of brand-new compaction of earth rock material degree detection method based on theoretical and experiment.
Carry out douche sampling in roller compaction construction operating area, measure the actual compactness in roller compaction construction region, by with
The compaction of earth rock material degree desired value contrast that new method calculates, has strong correlation.As can be seen here, sound wave proposed by the invention
Detection technique has the characteristics that non-contact, continuous, real-time, is especially suitable for reclamation work Continuous compacting quality control, passes through feedback
The vibration frequency and vibration amplitude for controlling vibration wheel of road roller also easily realize intelligent Continuous compacting function, are easy to placement grinding to apply
Work operator and site supervision are pinpointed the problems in time, are improved roller compaction construction operation quality, are finally filled out earth and rock works
Quality is built to be guaranteed.
Claims (10)
1. one kind fills Continuous compacting acoustic wave sensing system, it is arranged on loading equipemtn (1), including detection device (2), it is described to add
It is roller to carry equipment (1), implements on-site rolling construction operation, it is characterised in that collection rolls the detection device (2) in real time
During machine rolling and placement layer, acoustic wavefield time-domain signal and the current position coordinates information of roller that rolling layers are formed about, and it is right
These signals carry out signal condition processing, and real-time compactness desired value is drawn by further analyzing and processing, and by itself and space
Positional information is shown as rolling region space-time compactness distribution map on display (7).
2. Continuous compacting acoustic wave sensing system is filled according to claim 1, it is characterised in that detection device (2) bag
Include：
Sound field sound pick-up (3), during for obtaining roller rolling and placement layer, acoustic wavefield time-domain signal that rolling layers are formed about,
The acoustic wavefield time-domain signal includes the sound letter that acoustical signal, vibrating wheels and the soil interaction that roller vibrating motor is sent are sent
Number, environmental noise；
GPS (9), for providing the spacing wave related to rolling position；
Signal-regulated kinase (4), acoustic wavefield time-domain signal and GPS (9) for providing sound field sound pick-up (3) provide
The related spacing wave in position that rolls carry out signal condition processing, in order to which signal transmits；
Data acquisition module (5), the acoustic wavefield time-domain signal transmitted for synchronous acquisition by Signal-regulated kinase (4) and with rolling
The related spacing wave in position, and the signal real-time Transmission that will be collected；
Analysis and processing module (6), for being filtered to acoustic wavefield time-domain signal, spectrum analysis and logarithmetics processing, had
Acoustical signal secondary harmonic amplitude is imitated, according to secondary harmonic amplitude and the strong correlation of compaction of earth rock material degree, it is established that continuously press
Solidity desired value, current placement grinding region compacting angle value is calculated in real time；It is and related to rolling position according to difference algorithm pair
Spacing wave carry out difference processing, so that the current location coordinate value of vibrating roller press is calculated；
Display (7), region space-time compactness distribution map is rolled during for the placement grinding operation of real-time display scene.
3. fill Continuous compacting acoustic wave sensing system according to claim 2, it is characterised in that the GPS (9) with
RTK-GPS base stations, live rover station, satellite realize the offer of the relevant spatial information in loading equipemtn (1) position jointly, wherein
RTK-GPS receivers, satellite, GPS Base Station are calculated by difference algorithm realizes that the exact position of roller positions jointly.
4. Continuous compacting acoustic wave sensing system is filled according to claim 2, it is characterised in that the sound field sound pick-up (3)
Realize that information transfer is supported with power supply by wire communication between Signal-regulated kinase (4)；The Signal-regulated kinase (4) is entered
Capable signal condition processing includes amplification, filtering, and the standard that can be identified with converting the signal into data acquisition module (5) is believed
Number；The data acquisition module (5) passes acoustic wavefield time-domain signal with roller locational space signal by wire communication mode
It is defeated to arrive analysis and processing module (6)；The display (7) also shows the scene including speed, rolling layers overview, number of rolling
Information.
5. Continuous compacting acoustic wave sensing system is filled according to claim 2, it is characterised in that the analysis and processing module
(6) analysis to acoustic wavefield time-domain signal and processing step are as follows：
The original sound signal collected is filtered processing first, eliminates exceptional value, and removes roller and starts and stop
The sound signal data of required time；Then acoustical signal is divided into n equal portions according to setting value；The acoustical signal divided equally is carried out
FFT, obtain root mean square frequency spectrum；Then by the acoustical signal spectrum data of each equal portions 2 subharmonic amplitudes (SHA) carry out with
10 are handled for the logarithmetics at bottom, and 2 subharmonic amplitude datas after processing are stored in into airborne computer specified location, are easy to count
Analyzed according to real time access and the on-line monitoring of data；Finally, according to 2 obtained subharmonic amplitudes, 2 subharmonic amplitudes are established respectively
With number of rolling, 2 subharmonic amplitudes and compaction of earth rock material degree relational model, according to SHA values or the model, native stone is continuously calculated
The real-time compactness of the current rolling layers in dam.
6. Continuous compacting acoustic wave sensing system is filled according to claim 2, it is characterised in that the sound field sound pick-up (3)
By sound pick-up erecting device (10) realize be fixedly mounted, the sound pick-up erecting device (10) be divided into holder part (105) and
Sound pick-up fixed part (104), the holder part (105) are double L-shaped, are individually fixed in the outer frame (103) of roller roller
At the lower position of driver's cabin side, double L-shaped support is attached close to the part of roller with an iron plate, below iron plate middle
For sound pick-up fixed part (104), sound pick-up fixed part (104) directly contacts and fixed sound field pickup device (3).
7. Continuous compacting acoustic wave sensing system is filled according to claim 6, it is characterised in that the sound field sound pick-up (3)
With holder part (105), and with roller outer frame (103) contact portion vibration isolation processing is carried out.
8. Continuous compacting acoustic wave sensing system is filled according to claim 1, it is characterised in that pass through feedback control module
(8) feedback control that operation is filled to on-site rolling is realized, the feedback control module (8) is to roller operator and scene prison
Reason personnel provide the feedback information of compacting operation situation, so that related personnel adopts an effective measure, improve the compacting matter for filling layer
Amount.
9. Continuous compacting acoustic wave sensing system is filled according to claim 1, it is characterised in that on the loading equipemtn (1)
Promising Continuous compacting control acoustic wave sensing system is set to provide the airborne battery (11) that power supply is supported.
10. one kind fills Continuous compacting sound wave detecting method, it is characterised in that in real time during collection roller rolling and placement layer, grinds
The acoustic wavefield time-domain signal and the current position coordinates information of roller that laminate layer is formed about, and signal tune is carried out to these signals
Reason processing, draws real-time compactness desired value, and it is shown as rolling with spatial positional information by further analyzing and processing
Region space-time compactness distribution map.
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