CN107820978A - The time and how many methods that the outstanding bell fruit fruit hair of forecast drops - Google Patents

Abstract

The time and how many methods that the outstanding bell fruit fruit hair of forecast plane tree tree drops, plane tree is as shade tree, garden tree, square tree is planted extensively, it is and welcomed by the people to like, but annual the dropping of fruit hair of outstanding bell fruit is to bring injury, outstanding bell fruit fruit hair is in annual 4~May of spring and summer, temperature increases, experience is rained, the three kinds of weather blown and become a fine day after rain descend what is just dropped, the present invention is provided to observe, detection, analysis, it is summarised in the change of outstanding bell fruit when these three weather and these three weather in 4~May, with reference to weather forecast, and grade will be divided into, tabulation, analysis, after summary, the information that the fruit hair of the following outstanding bell fruit of forecast in advance drops, people are allowed to have individual preparation, just stayed in when the fruit hair of outstanding bell fruit drops, or the injury of fruit hair is avoided with good protective articles.

Description

The time and how many methods that the outstanding bell fruit fruit hair of forecast drops

Technical field

The forecast in advance that this technology belongs to the management of the plane tree tree growth of city forest and outstanding bell fruit fruit hair drops.

Background technology

In all plants, shade tree is human lives, activity, the benefited most tree of walking, and maximum tree is contributed for the mankind, The plane tree of king one of universally acknowledged shade tree, growth is fast, and long lifespan, drought-enduring heat-resisting, trunk is straight and upright, and trunk is clean, and tree crown is big, Leaf is big and close shade is more, and various soil suitabilities are strong, and itself repair ability is strong, and product many merits are in a tree, the direct body of people Can to the advantages of be to shelter from heat or light in summer at most, winter does not keep off the sun, and is most shade tree, square tree and the garden tree of people's plantation. Plant plane tree shade tree extensively in the Yangtze river basin in China to the Huanghe valley, plane tree is all planted in this kind of all cities in area, The shade tree of many city plane trees reaches more than 70%, and green business card of the Nanjing plane tree as city, Zhengzhou City is also Using plane tree as city tree.

The unique shortcoming of plane tree is to hang bell fruit when spring and summer drops, and the seed to drop floats with fruit hair around, and fruit hair bores Enter mouth, nose, eyes and the skin of people, people's sneezing of allergy, rub one's eyes, scratched on skin, almost all of people dislikes This situation, but have no way out, the annual time of dropping of particularly fruit hair does not know, it is not known that be when which when just descend slowly and lightly Get off, allow people not guard against, passive is aggrieved, and more someone opposes plantation plane tree with this reason, opposes plane tree to work as Make sidewalk planting, the free discussion for also occurring still not plant plane tree kind for this many city.There are citizen to complain matter in Nanjing Gardens department is asked, since plane tree has harm why will also be in variation route as shade treeGardens department is answered；Fruit hair falls It is global problem to fall, and plane tree does not have other any trees to replace as the advantages of shade tree, and the advantages outweigh the disadvantages.

The characteristics of outstanding bell fruit is that long achievement ball in October, seed closely come outer one layer of fruit ball into rib type, packed tightly in autumn Fruit hair wraps up in into a ball, and the plane tree of 10 age of trees, 10 centimetres of the diameter of a cross-section of a tree trunk 1.3 meters above the ground, conservative calculating one tree result is 200~400 Individual outstanding bell fruit, each fruit have the seed of more than 800, and each seed carries more very thin of fruit Mao Yiqian, fruit Mao Zhizhi's Very thin very thin, diameter only has 0.0033mm, and length has 9mm more, easily fractureed, and cilium is also thinner than the skin fine hair hole of people, under floaing Can just inject in the skin of people, allow somebody just to occur allergic, fall into eyes, mouth and nose are even more to allow people's allergy, and one outstanding Bell fruit just has ten million root fruit hair, and one tree, a row shade tree, one sequences the big tree of plane tree of tens centimetres of the decades diameter of a cross-section of a tree trunk 1.3 meters above the ground, its Long outstanding bell fruit and fruit hair are countless, are exactly that this fruit hair especially has injury to people.Circle fruit spherical zone ball handle is ined succession tree On branch, fruit ball and ball handle are all very firm.Outstanding bell fruit shines very dry, the spring and summer temperature liter of Second Year by a winter on branch Gao Liao, this light rain at present will be grown the time, and heavy rain will be measured enough, and outstanding bell fruit be absorbed to enough moisture, be expanded into maximum, at this moment have Wind branch and rocked, and branch rocks with outstanding bell fruit, and the seed on outstanding bell fruit is just fallen down with fruit hair, wind fruitlet hair That drops lacks, and the big fruit hair of wind drops just especially more, strong sunlight after the rain, and outstanding bell fruit is just dried half a day, the fruit dried Fleece wind is got off, and is floated everywhere, is crept on mouth, nose, eyes and the skin of people, is allowed people to sneeze, rubs one's eyes, pruitus, At this moment injury of the fruit hair to people is maximum, then because the fruit ball on tree is more, is not to drop entirely quickly, is repeatedly to drop in batches, So drop fruit hair time length, and the complaint of people is just bigger.

The fruit hair of outstanding bell fruit was dropped in the annual spring and summer handing-over phase, and in this period, other numerous trees Also in fallen flowers of blooming, some pollen petals, which drop, can also cause the allergy of people, if there is plane tree tree on side, somebody is just flower Pink blossom valve imputes outstanding bell fruit hair to, and what actual outstanding bell fruit dropped is seed belt fruit hair.

Media also it is commonly reported that the harm that outstanding bell fruit fruit hair drops, report be all yesterday fruit hair dropped how many, yesterday A large amount of plane tree battings that drop, how passerby is endangered etc., do not see what is reported in advance, remind certain following day of people in advance Drop fruit hair, tell everybody to avoid in advance etc..

The annual branch of plane tree will not tie outstanding bell fruit, and then many places are with regard to year annual overhaul plane tree branch, except several Root bough, remaining twig all trim, and allow the twig then to grow in bough to tie outstanding bell fruit, with this Avoid outstanding bell fruit harm, it is strong in economy of Shanghai strength, road construction it is good, plane tree transplanted as shade tree it is a lot, it is this Pruning method Shanghai uses most, and the shade tree plane tree of the newly-built road of Huang Xing parks and Pudong New District just uses this trimming Method, this pruning method is every year using manually a lot, the branch cut will be transported, and handle, and this is required for expense, except Shanghai Also there are a small number of uses in other places, and particularly excessively trimming influences the speed that plane tree is grown up every year, and Shanghai is nor all use This pruning method.The big tree that the method is used in less than 6 meters of height is also easy to, and the big tree high more than 10 meters is just not easy to trim.

Also there is gardens related personnel more to eliminate the experiment for hanging bell fruit in research, have been reported that and work out a kind of liquid medicine, Florescence in spring sprays to plane tree, allows outstanding bell fruit to fail to grow up, and reaches without outstanding bell fruit also just without fruit hair, but liquid medicine To want cost, all plane tree shade trees in a city add up just big, it is also necessary to it is artificial also more, it is necessary to every year Do, if the branch that liquid medicine is not sprayed onto, the still long outstanding bell fruit of this branch, particularly environmental protection is not advocated using chemicals, In recent years also it is commonly reported that the report eliminated to platanus fruit hair, but the old shade tree for not realizing Nanjing hangs bell fruit fruit hair Dropping reduces.

There is document to summarize report platanus fruit ball and subtract a variety of methods gone out；1 breeding by crossing, 2 tree crown graftings, 3 trimmings Control fruit method, 4 Chemical treatment methods, 5 utilization physics, chemical method, cultivation sterile variety, 6 transgemic approach, 7 high pressure water flushing methods, These play a role for control platanus fruit hair pollution, but respectively have deficiency, i.e., are thoroughly solved without which method, together When to put into human and material resources, time also a lot.

Just have been reported that cultivation has no result, lacks fruit plane tree many years ago, it also seen that the plane tree that some entire roads of Nanjing are had no result Tree, the age of tree are not grown, and accounting is not also high in the big tree of plane tree, and the tree having is still more or less with outstanding bell fruit, absolute nothing The plane tree of fruit seldom sees, the big tree of the original old plane tree in particularly current Nanjing and many areas is a lot, the age of tree has 90, , 60,80th, 70 more than 50 years, definitely to protect down, can be substituted without any tree, the fruit hair of so outstanding bell fruit may also be every year Drop.

The content of the invention

Have no idea not allow plane tree result, and the 1 year time that the fruit hair of outstanding bell fruit drops is also just several times, altogether also More than ten or more than 20 days, most serious has more than ten days, and people avoid these days, just do not avoid compromising for fruit hair.Outstanding bell fruit Fruit hair be annual spring and summer handing-over 4~May drop, south earlier, the north a little later, Nanjing is dropped in 4~May At most, (time of only a few to June also drop fruit hair) outstanding bell fruit when this season temperature increases, and rains absorbs rain Water is expanded into maximum, and expanding big outstanding bell fruit would not shrink back again, and even if sun irradiation, also only pico- contracting a bit, is at this moment swept Wind, branch is wind blown to be rocked, and the seed of the outstanding bell fruit of expansion is fallen down with fruit hair, and wind drops more greatly more, and rain stops The second day sun to come out sunlight strong, hang bell fruit half a day and just dried, it is that the fruit hair dried gently divides not only but also more, be blown away Fall behind and float not only more not only high but also remote, the showy time is also long in the air, is that fruit hair is floaing full when serious under plane tree tree Floating, fruit hair at this moment injures maximum to people.It is exactly raining, blowing hard outstanding bell fruit fruit hair just after rain after temperature raises that summary, which is got up, Drop, it is more that rain is bigger and the more big fruit hair of wind drops, if drop fruit hair when sunlight strong, fruit fleece dries at once, The light fruit hair dried is wind blown not only high but also remote, and aerial fall time length, injury of the outstanding bell fruit fruit hair to people at this moment is maximum, always These three weather are tied, the fruit hair of outstanding bell fruit falls down and has great damage to people.

Since it is in these three weather to be dropped the present invention seeks to outstanding bell fruit fruit hair, studies, observe, summarizing these three days Gas and the characteristic of outstanding bell fruit, find out rule, the information that the following fruit hair for hanging bell fruit of forecast in advance drops, allow people to have individual preparation, In this is serious more than ten days, just stayed in when the fruit hair of outstanding bell fruit drops, or the injury of fruit hair is avoided with good protective articles.

Outstanding bell fruit fruit hair is that experience is rained after 4 annual~May, temperature rise, weather of being blown after rain descends just to drop , to run into and become a fine day fruit fleece and dry, harm of the fruit hair at this moment to drop to people is maximum, observe, detect, analyzing, be summarised in 4~ The change of outstanding bell fruit, with reference to weather forecast, and will be divided into grade when these three weather and these three weather in May, tabulation, Analysis, after summarizing, forecast second day and the time that bell fruit fruit hair drops is hanged in the information that drops of later outstanding bell fruit fruit hair, forecast It is with the step of how many methods；

A. how much is amount often short of rain of raining；After annual April, maximum temperature temperature-averaging be increased to 20 degree with On, outstanding bell fruit at this moment, which absorbs rainwater on rainy day, can just expand greatly, and can just drop fruit hair after expansion is big, to annual 4 The moon plays rainy number, rainy spell, rainy size, is observed, detected, recorded every time；

A1. light rain is continuously lower is less than 48 hours, and lower moderate rain is less than 16 hours, is rained heavily less than 5 hours, at this moment fraction hangs Bell fruit can be expanded into maximum.

A2. light rain is continuous lower 72 hours, and moderate rain continuous lower 24 hours, heavy rain is continuously lower 7~8 hours, at this moment there is part Outstanding bell fruit can be expanded into maximum.

A3. light rain is continuous lower more than 96 hours, and more than hour heavy rain is continuous lower more than 10 hours for continuous lower 30 of moderate rain, At this moment significant portion, which hangs bell fruit, can be expanded into maximum.

A4. observe, detect the big degree of outstanding bell fruit expansion, gone gently to touch the big outstanding bell fruit of expansion or light with a bamboo pole Jog shakes branch, at this moment hangs bell fruit fruit hair and down drops at once, is to be expanded into maximum.

The rainwater being subject to when a5. raining with the outstanding bell fruit on one tree is not that as many, some wants several rain just to expand Greatly, estimation one tree be expanded into maximum outstanding bell fruit account for percentage how many, be just estimated to following rain and stop consequence hair drops how many.

B. blow wind-force size；Outstanding bell fruit fruit hair 95% time difference of blowing every time, is blown big above is what wind scraped off Small difference；

B1. in raining heavily while 3~fresh breeze is scraped, batting drops a lot, when blowing more than 5 grades strong wind more than one, two day, Expand big fruit hair to have dropped substantially, the fruit hair to drop is bonded on the ground with rainwater.

B2. In Nanjing early summer in spring, rainy day did not had wind sometimes, and rain stops having wind in second day, and what is blown is less than 2 grades small Wind or gentle breeze, the fruit hair of outstanding bell fruit drops seldom, but discontinuously can ceaselessly drop, and drops to rain next time always.

B3. after rain stops, 3~4 grades of wind is swept, the fruit hair of outstanding bell fruit drops a lot, three~tetra- days light that just drops entirely .

B4. after rain stops, more than 5 grades strong wind are swept, the fruit hair of outstanding bell fruit once, all drop within two days, do not drop Would not drop, to arrive next time rain after, blow and drop again.

C. sunlight is strong and weak when fruit hair drops；There is sunlight and without sunlight, sunlight are strong and sunlight is weak, determine the fruit hair drift of outstanding bell fruit Floating degree；

C1. rain heavily, lower moderate rain fruit hair is fallen down, fruit hair will not float, with rainwater landing be bonded on the ground.

C2. it is the cloudy day after rain stops, fruit hair falls on underground quickly after dropping, floating is lacked.

C3. it is cloudy after rain stops, reaches one day or second day, fruit fleece dries, and fruit hair drops and floated everywhere.

C4. it is fine day after rain stops, the sun comes out sunlight more than half day and just dries outstanding bell fruit, and the wind of fruit fleece falls behind what is floatd It is not only how not only high but also remote, flotation time length.

D. analysis is integrated to A, B, C three kinds of weather in this area, fruit hair from now on is calculated with reference to weather forecast The time that can drop and drop number；The information that following fruit hair drops is forecast, including fruit hair influences the degree of people, effectively Rate more than 95%, accuracy rate more than 75%,.

D1.A rainwater total amount is more or few；It must be by raining, determining how much rainy this is, hang bell fruit that fruit hair, which drops, Expansion is big how many, determine that fruit hair from now on drops number.

D2.B blow blow greatly it is small；Fruit hair 95% is got off by wind, and the size of wind just can determine that fruit hair drops more Few and the time length.

D3.C sunlight strong sunlights are weak；Rainy day fruit hair, which drops, not to be felt people, cloudy day moist fruit hair drop people is injured it is small, The fruit hair done drops to people's injury greatly, and fine day strong sunlight fruit hair drops injures maximum to people.

E. fruit hair drops how many expressions；Be divided into 6 grades, it is micro-, small, under, in, in it is upper, big.

E1 fruit hairs drop grade；(micro-), fruit hair start to drop, seldom dropped, people's general sensation less than.

E2 fruit hairs drop grade；(small), there is a small amount of fruit hair on the ground, often there is accidental " pounding " to arrive, people feel to fall fruit hair.

E3 fruit hairs drop grade；(under), substantially there is fruit hair underground, and everybody feels, that encounters sometimes is more, there is stimulation.

E4 fruit hairs drop grade；(in), underground fruit hair is more, and the time of dropping is very long, as long as can encounter under tree, everybody feels Feel discomfort, will be with mouth mask, wear a pair of spectacles under allergy sufferers tree.

E5 fruit hairs drop grade；(on), fine day is cloudy, and cloudy time length, fruit hair drops a lot, and underground fruit hair is a lot, Everybody feels especially uncomfortable, and allergy sufferers are a lot, are to endanger most number of days every year.

E6 fruit hairs drop grade；(big), fine day, fruit hair drop special more, not only more not only high but also remote, the flotation times floatd Long, most times have, had 1 to 2 time, and 1 to 3 day every time, the time was short, and many eyes are uncomfortable, itch with it, to people's harm most Greatly.

F. the harm that fruit hair drops；It is divided into 6 grades；It is micro-, small, under, in, in it is upper, big.

F1 fruit hairs drop hazard rating；(micro-) basic people are imperceptible.

F2 fruit hairs drop hazard rating；(small) can accidentally feel.

F3 fruit hairs drop hazard rating；(under) everybody can feel that allergy people will be with mouth mask.

F4 fruit hairs drop hazard rating；(in) extent of injury everybody do not feel like oneself should, annual number of days is more,

F5 fruit hairs drop hazard rating；(on) harm is big, has every year, number of days have have it is few.

F6 fruit hairs drop hazard rating；(big) harm is very big, and most times have, 1 year can be once rarer secondary.

G. combining A~F, situation and fruit hair drop the system of forecast in the tree to Nanjing weather forecast in 2017 and outstanding bell fruit Count table；

1. temperature, weather (fine wet weather), wind direction, wind-force are the weather forecasts on the same day in table, Nanjing morning newspaper is taken passages.

2. the observation of bell fruit is hanged in table；The percentage of outstanding bell fruit expansion was estimated before April 20, residue is estimated after April 21 The percentage of outstanding bell fruit.

Estimated and the extent of injury 3. hanging bell fruit hair in table and dropping；It is the result on the same day of the previous day forecast, is of the invention Purpose.

Before 10 days 4.4 months, after May 11, fruit hair, which drops, to be influenceed minimum therefore does not list.

5. other areas can apply mechanically this form completely, including combine local actual state, the time carries again on the 10th in April Preceding or May 11 is delayed again.

Table 1；11 days~April 20 April in 2017

Continued；21 days~April 30 April in 2017

Continued；1 day~May 10 May in 2017

This method have the advantage that can be with system with influence of three weather to outstanding bell fruit, and the actual change of outstanding bell fruit Degree, five information, which combine, to be listed, then extrapolates number and the extent of injury that fruit hair drops, forecasts to hang in advance with this The information that bell fruit fruit hair drops, allows all outgoing people to have preparation, goes out just to avoid the time of fruit hair or has the big tree of plane tree Place, or with good protective articles, avoid the injury of fruit hair, this method is with simple, and input is seldom, as long as a small amount of personnel see Analysis is examined to carry out, and accuracy rate is very high, this is the forecast of a Huimin.

Specific embodiment party French

With intimate knowledge, it is exactly a plane tree street that originally other, which gos out, for the injury that the fruit hair of outstanding bell fruit drops to people, The annual cognition all to be dropped by fruit hair, again and again after, it is found that it is regular fruit hair drops, and always has wind just to send out after rain stops Raw a large amount of fruit hairs drop, if fine day, injury of the fruit hair to people is maximum, and summary, which is got up, is exactly；1. the structure of outstanding bell fruit is one Individual seed is interconnected to the fruit ball of a parcel spheroid outside, and its characteristic of seed, which must exactly absorb water, can just expand greatly, Expanded later seed big is dropped with fruit Mao Caihui, and tree is grown in space, and moisture can be just absorbed to by only raining, as long as so Outstanding bell fruit is observed on rainy day just, has grasped that rain heavy rain is small, rain it is rainy it is few can also extrapolate outstanding bell fruit and expand big degree, It is expanded into the fruit hair that the outstanding bell fruit of maximum will videlicet drop.At this moment 2 have wind, grow skyborne bough, and wind is only One blows the dynamic external force set greatly of heavy curtain, and for wind once blowing fruit hair as seed is fallen down, it is to judge that fruit hair drops to pay attention to wind-force size The most important condition, to listen to weather forecast in time.3. the weather when fruit hair falls is fine, sun half a day soon by outstanding bell fruit and Fruit hair dries, and the fruit hair dried falls down increasing and people is injured, it is thus understood that the relation that three kinds of weather drop with fruit hair, as long as Grasp these three weather, it is possible to extrapolate the time and how many of dropping of fruit hair, and the degree to people's harm.

Other is fenced up in Nanjing Yuhuatai cemetery park north gate, Yuhuatai cemetery park by three roads for this, Yu Hua East Roads, rain flower West Road, Yu Hua South Roads, the shade tree on three roads are all the plane trees of plantation, and also cemetery park north gate in Yuhuatai is to until Chinese city gate Yu Hualu, and three roads are trapped among interior multiple units, in the cemetery park of Yuhuatai, the plant area of the engine of Yu Hua West Roads second and worker Residential quarter, Communist Youth League's cell, can cell, Pu De villages road etc. all be that plane tree be shade tree in benevolence, the rain for having more than the 70 years age of tree is spent Road shade tree (the possible age of tree is longer), there are more than 60 years, shade tree and part Yu Hua East Roads in Yuhuatai cemetery park of more than 50 years age of tree Shade tree, have more than 50 years, the second engine of more than 40 years age of tree plant area and dwelling house for staff and workers cell, Pu De villages road, altogether green grass or young crops The shade tree of group's north of a road section, have 40 years, 30 years age of trees it is Yu Hua East Roads south section, Communist Youth League's cell, can in benevolence cell row Road tree, have 30 years, the Yu Hua South Roads of 20 years age of trees, the shade tree of Yu Hua West Roads north section, have the Yu Hua Dong Ludong of more than the 10 years age of tree The shade tree of Duan Heyuhua West Roads south section, the Yu Hua South Roads of also 5,6 years age of trees are a part of and the shade tree planted is mended in other sections, Shade tree and garden tree in this scope of diameter more than 1 kilometer tree 90% greatly are above is plane tree, and the age of tree represents China and showed The age of tree for all plane trees having, the present invention are observed with regard to the plane tree for this band, this paper write with these bases.

, because the big tree of the plane tree for building subway migration is too many, opposed at that time to build No. 3 lines of subway in Nanjing in 2011 , people making a suggestion, giving advice it is a lot, one, platform tissue " Lv Ping groups " is appointed in Nanjing, can go up with regard to someone with hang bell Harm of the fruit fruit hair to people, it is believed that plane tree should be eliminated, and be opposed by appraising through discussion by majority, assert that plane tree advantage is more than and lack Point, I also assists in, and I plucks more than ten that outstanding bell fruit is exposed is placed on below bed in the winter time after the meeting, 6 years rear overhang bell fruits or a little becomes Change does not have, and it is still hard to hang bell fruit.Handwritten copy file carries out wet water test simultaneously, to outstanding bell fruit, soaks outstanding bell fruit by the end of January In water, outstanding bell fruit does not all change within one month, measurement diameter only big 1mm, and hardness is pinched motionless with hand, is stepped on pin and firmly just broken It is broken, feel a little crisp, take out several hair dryer hot blast dryings, the outstanding bell fruit after doing recovers the shape picked originally again Condition, and these are immersed in the water, after 4 hours or after 12 hours, take out and blown again with hair drier, 10 times repeatedly, hang bell fruit Do not change, it is hard to be pinched with hand, is needled at one, is placed into water with scissors, takes out and sees after 24 hours, needles the kind at place The batting expansion of son is big, and simply intaking for other places is moist, and expansion is not big, and this experiment proves that temperature is low, and seed is just It is that moisture is not also absorbed in water, seed does not change, and also without becoming big, so fruit ball will not expand greatly, this is seed low temperature Do not breed, also do not absorb moisture, be the biological instinct that Seed storage oneself adapts to breeding.Pull open fruit ball, it is seen that seed head is Individual angular type, countless angular type seeds closely come together, form a circle fruit ball, are progressively carefully to get off behind seed head Tail, tail end is connected at the medulla of spheroid, and to absorb nutrient, for tail end with cilium, when spring in March, the temperature rises, owns Plant recovers, and seed will the buds are coming out, and this rainwater seed at present starts to absorb, inhaled moisture outstanding bell fruit seed start it is swollen Swollen, all close seeds come together all expand, and the compactness of fruit ball is without April, temperature in May more raise, and rainwater is more Bigger, appearance fruit ball is just expanded into maximum, and the tail end of seed has had been detached from medulla, and the spherical shape of close fruit originally becomes fluffy The fruit ball of pine, but do not touch it and do not fall out, scrape to blow during this time and, branch rocks, and fruit ball rocks, and seed just drops down Come, and fruit hair with the wind floats everywhere with seed, floats to germination at a distance, long root reaches the purpose of breeding, and this is originally one Plane tree species are for a biological instinct of breeding, but the floating of outstanding bell fruit fruit hair has had influence on the mankind, and we understand Naturally, analysis, naturally, outstanding bell fruit fruit hair drops between 4~May, we comply with the nature, reform of nature, look-ahead to fruit hair The time dropped, so as to avoid the time that this fruit hair drops, enjoy in addition naturally, enjoying summer the moon that plane tree brings the mankind Cool etc. benefit.Such as small long holidays on annual May 1, many groups and businessman hold activity, fall obtaining outstanding bell fruit fruit hair The information fallen, it is possible to determine to be to hold activity under the big tree of plane tree, or change a place.

Thus summarizing outstanding bell fruit and passing through temperature rise of exposing to the sun and rain just can expand greatly fruit hair, especially into the spring, Sunshine-duration summer is grown, and temperature improves, while rainwater is also more, and Nanjing is to fall fruit hair peak 4~May.

This forecast can only be this area, and a city one is forecast, weather is to change, uncertain, is particularly rained, north and south Difference is very big, is all that rainwater is few in the Huanghe valley in China's winter and the Yangtze river basin, is also that rainfall is small even if raining, to hanging bell Fruit influence is minimum, even if winter wind is big again, also no fruit hair is fallen down, to mid or late March, temperature rise, leaf hair Bud comes into leaves, and each rainy rainfall is gradually more, that is, the outstanding bell fruit of temperature rise just absorbs moisture and starts to expand, gradually greatly More to get up, Nanjing is dropping the phase for fruit hair 4~May, and fruit hair injures big period to people, rainwater be from south orientation north by Cumulative more, more early than Yangze river and Huai river on the south the Changjiang river, the Yellow River and Huai He River is more early than to the north of the Yellow River, so after temperature raises, first to observe it is rainy, two Pay attention to blowing, the fine day after three L's rain, and actually forecast with reference to local.Analysis, outstanding bell fruit fruit hair is forecast after summarizing The time and how many methods dropped is；

A. how much is amount often short of rain of raining；After annual April, maximum temperature temperature-averaging be increased to 20 degree with On, outstanding bell fruit at this moment, which absorbs rainwater on rainy day, can just expand greatly, and can just drop fruit hair after expansion is big, and rain heavy rain is small The size and speed of outstanding bell fruit expansion are different, are both that rainwater that the outstanding bell fruit on one tree receives has and has few, the outstanding bell having more Fruit, which will pass through repeatedly to rain, just be expanded into maximum, and also therefore causing to hang bell fruit fruit hair every year will drop n times, and rainy number every year Difference, annual rainy spell do not know again when, the time that outstanding bell fruit fruit hair drops can not determine, to this it is special need into Row observation, detection, record；

A1. light rain is continuously lower is less than 48 hours, and lower moderate rain is less than 16 hours, is rained heavily less than 5 hours, at this moment fraction hangs Bell fruit can be expanded into maximum.

A2. light rain is continuous lower 72 hours, and moderate rain continuous lower 24 hours, heavy rain is continuously lower 6~9 hours, at this moment there is part Outstanding bell fruit can be expanded into maximum.

A3. light rain is continuous lower more than 96 hours, and more than hour heavy rain is continuous lower more than 10 hours for continuous lower 30 of moderate rain, At this moment significant portion, which hangs bell fruit, can be expanded into maximum.

A4. observe, detect the big degree of outstanding bell fruit expansion, gone gently to touch the big outstanding bell fruit of expansion or light with a bamboo pole Jog shakes branch, at this moment hangs bell fruit fruit hair and down drops at once, be to be expanded into maximum, it is possible to determine that there is wind in future one so Fruit hair will fall down.The long height of many big trees, it is that most direct accuracy rate is high and simplest side to go examination to touch with bamboo pole Method.

The rainwater being subject to when a5. raining with the outstanding bell fruit on one tree is not that as many, some wants several rain just to expand Greatly, the outstanding bell fruit having is grown on branch top, and for branch toward sagging, rainwater when raining on branch flows to sagging outstanding bell along branch On fruit, expansion is big earliest for this kind of outstanding bell fruit, and a string of two fruits or a string of three fruits, outstanding bell fruit below first expand greatly, also grow The rainwater that the outstanding bell fruit of eminence independence receives is seldom, and this outstanding bell fruit expands just slow, so one that the outstanding bell fruit on tree has Rain just expands greatly, and some wants two rain, and some wants several rain to be just expanded into maximum, therefore just has and have within 1 year more inferior fruit hairs Drop, this method be also with rain next time forecast once, current one tree is expanded into maximum outstanding bell fruit account for percentage have it is more It is few, just it is estimated to rain and stops consequence hair drops how many.

The rainy time and rainfall is a1, and a2, a3 not necessarily definitely just, can see actual weather, repeatedly grasp rule later Rule is just.

B. bell fruit fruit hair 90% is hanged above is what wind scraped off, time difference of blowing every time, is blown of different sizes；

B1. in raining heavily while 3~fresh breeze is scraped, batting drops a lot, when blowing more than 5 grades strong wind more than one, two day, Expand big fruit hair to have dropped substantially, the fruit hair to drop is bonded on the ground with rainwater, and at this moment people drops sensation very to fruit hair It is small, to be cleaned up in time after simply rain stops, otherwise the sun dries, and wind one blows the fruit hair floated up and still has influence on people, In the event of in raining heavily for a long time and with strong wind, many fruit hairs are fallen on the ground, then the fruit hair of this year fine day from now on The quantity to drop is just few, and for fruit hair to the extent of injury of people with regard to small, number is also few, has before such time.

B2. rainy day early summer in spring few wind or calm, rain stop having wind in second day sometimes for In Nanjing, and what is blown is less than 2 grades Small wind or calm, the fruit hair of outstanding bell fruit drops seldom, but can ceaselessly drop intermittently, drops to always next time Rain.

B3. after rain stops, 3~4 grades of wind is swept, the fruit hair of outstanding bell fruit drops a lot, three~tetra- days light that just drops entirely , that a few days ago drops is more, and that drops within latter several days lacks, and that does not drop would not drop, and the fruit hair not dropped is next It is secondary rain after can drop, until fruit hair all falls light.

B4. after rain stops, more than 5 grades strong wind are swept, the fruit hair of outstanding bell fruit once, all drop within two days, the bigger fruit of wind Hair drops more fast more, and that does not drop would not drop, and some fruit hairs can drop after expansion of raining next time, have The rainy fruit of n times is wanted just to drop.

Weather forecast blow grade and fruit hair drops directly proportional, grade of blowing also has the error of subsequent point, especially The correct time blown and the time length blown will not be absolutely accurate, 80% scope be it is believed that fruit hair drop it is pre- Report also gives a scope sometimes.

C. when fruit hair drops, there is sunlight and without sunlight, sunlight are strong and sunlight is weak, determine the journey of the fruit hair floating of outstanding bell fruit Degree；

C1. rain heavily, lower moderate rain when fruit hair fall down, no sun fruit hair will not float, and fruit hair is wet all over , it is bonded at dropping with rainwater on the ground, fruit hair at this moment injures very little to people, and people feel unobvious.

C2. it is the cloudy day after rain stops, because outstanding bell fruit or wet, fruit hair falls on underground, the expansion of fruit hair quickly after dropping The degree opened is small, and the time floated in the air is few, and floating fruit hair at this moment is slightly light to human injury.

C3. it is cloudy after rain stops, reaches one day or second day, early summer in spring, weather itself was also dried, time long fruit fleece Dry, fruit hair drops and floated everywhere, and fruit hair drops typically sometimes, drops sometimes more, people is endangered big.

C4. it is fine day after rain stops, the sun comes out sunlight more than half day and just dries outstanding bell fruit, and the wind of fruit fleece falls behind what is floatd Not only how not only high but also remote, float time length, is sometimes that mao mao is being floatd entirely under the big tree of plane tree, and fruit hair at this moment is endangered most people Greatly, the grievance of people at this moment is maximum.

D. analysis is integrated to A, B, C three kinds of weather in this area, fruit hair from now on is calculated with reference to weather forecast The time that can drop and drop number；The information that following fruit hair drops is forecast, including fruit hair influences the degree of people, effectively Rate more than 95%, accuracy rate more than 75%.Can be variant in the rank of these three weather identification, it is likely that it is either large or small, repeatedly Forecast experience is more, accuracy rate will more and more higher, dropped either with or without fruit hair and fall to have error less it is believed that falling more.

D1.A rainwater total amount is more or few；It must be by raining, determining how much rainy this is, with regard to that can push away that fruit hair, which drops, Calculate outstanding bell fruit absorbs how much moisture, hang bell fruit expansion is big how many, determine that fruit hair from now on drops number.

D2.B blow blow greatly it is small；Fruit hair 95% is got off by wind, and the size of wind just can determine that fruit hair drops more Few and the time length.

D3.C sunlight strong sunlights are weak；Rainy day fruit hair drop to people injure very little, cloudy fruit hair drop to people injure it is slightly light, it is fine The strong fruit hair of its sunlight drop people injured it is maximum, people usually with the fruit hair that drops number describe the size of harm.

E. fruit hair drops how many expressions；Be divided into 6 grades, it is micro-, small, under, in, in it is upper, big.

E1 fruit hairs drop grade；(micro-), fruit hair start to drop, seldom dropped, people's general sensation less than.

E2 fruit hairs drop grade；(small), there is a small amount of fruit hair on the ground, often there is accidental " pounding " to arrive, people feel to be injured by fruit hair .

E3 fruit hairs drop grade；(under), substantially there is fruit hair underground, and everybody feels, that encounters sometimes is more, there is stimulation.

E4 fruit hairs drop grade；(in), underground fruit hair is more, and the time of dropping is very long, as long as can encounter under tree, everybody feels Feel discomfort, will be with mouth mask, wear a pair of spectacles under allergy sufferers tree.

E5 fruit hairs drop grade；(on), fine day is cloudy, and cloudy time length, fruit hair drops a lot, and underground fruit hair is a lot, Everybody feels especially uncomfortable, and allergy sufferers are a lot, are to endanger most number of days every year.

E6 fruit hairs drop grade；(big), fine day, fruit hair drop special more, not only more not only high but also remote, the flotation times floatd Long, most times have, had 1 to 2 time, and 1 to 3 day every time, the time was short, and many eyes are all uncomfortable, and harm is maximum,

F. the harm that fruit hair drops；It is divided into 6 grades；It is micro-, small, under, in, in it is upper, big.

F1 fruit hairs drop hazard rating；(micro-) basic people are imperceptible.

F2 fruit hairs drop hazard rating；(small) can accidentally feel.

F3 fruit hairs drop hazard rating；(under) everybody can feel that allergy people will be with mouth mask.

F4 fruit hairs drop hazard rating；(in) extent of injury everybody do not feel like oneself should, annual number of days is more,

F5 fruit hairs drop hazard rating；(on) harm is big, has every year, number of days have have it is few.

F6 fruit hairs drop hazard rating；(big) harm is very big, and most times have, 1 year can be once rarer secondary.

G. combining A~F, situation and fruit hair drop the system of forecast in the tree to Nanjing weather forecast in 2017 and outstanding bell fruit Count table；

1. taken passages on temperature in table, weather (fine wet weather), wind direction, wind-force four " Nanjing morning newspaper ", it is substantially accurate , this is the forecast of weather station, has it authoritative, and form is disclosed here, so using official's forecast as standard, and actual day Gas has only a few difference, and it with half of parantheses is actual weather to have " thunder) " in table, particularly rains and the error pair of wind-force In fruit hair drop influence it is very big, 4, thunder shower in May often have, also often says down with regard under, the contingency of wind-force is more, be particularly Fitful wind, late April is last several days, and whole one day wind-force is all 3~4 grades, is sweeping a burst of 5~6 grades of strong wind suddenly at dusk, extremely more Fruit hair drops one after another, while building and wind direction cause same place, and different point fruit hairs, which drops, to differ, and such as sweeps east wind, What the fruit hair in high constructure west will fall off lacks, and various regions should be defined according to realistic situation by reality, forecast just closer to reality, It is more accurate.

The fruit hair of Nanjing (2017) grade in this year (big) drops and not had (than in other years compared with), so this year (in On), (in) grade drop fruit hair number of days it is more, plus (under), for number of days close to 25 days, this also complied with the natural law, drops Slowly, the time dropped just is grown.

2. the outstanding bell fruit of observation；It is personal observation estimation, the degree of outstanding bell fruit expansion was seen before April 10, at this moment fruit hair Do not drop or drop seldom, can contrast big how many of expansion, not expanding or small expansion how many easily sees The ratio gone out between the two, to be dropped to determine when fruit hair, unexpected fruit hair is dropped more later, and ratio is just observed just not It is accurate, then observe to there remains how much hang bell fruit ball on estimation tree, it may determine that fruit hair drops big from now on remaining fruit ball The small and time, although such as May 3,4 days it is rather windy, the outstanding bell fruit on tree is few, and fruit hair drops will not be more, harm Will not be big, the outstanding bell fruit set after May 10 is seldom, also just without the necessary of forecast.

3. it is the purpose of the present invention that outstanding bell fruit hair, which drops and estimated with the extent of injury, i.e., with reference to first five items in table, forecast fruit hair The fruit hair of following one to two day drop number and harm grade (extent of injury), the rainy day fruit hair that drops is more, but endangers small First, two grades, fine day fruit hair drop few but endanger big by one, two grades.

Before 10 days 4.4 months, after May 11, fruit hair, which drops, to be influenceed minimum on people therefore does not list, and is also not necessarily to.

5. other areas can apply mechanically this form completely, including the time prolonged in advance or again May 11 again April 10 Afterwards.

Table 1：11 days~April 20 April in 2017

Continued；21 days~April 30 April in 2017

Continued；1 day~May 10 May in 2017

Statistical form be it is personal write for the first time, be with Nanjing 2017, filled according to the situation of three kinds of weather and outstanding bell fruit Content, individual observation and analysis be not absolutely accurate, but at least 85% be it is accurate, forecast inherently pre-estimation, examination A variety of methods were tested, sheet format is most reasonable, simple, clear and definite, is easy to draw a conclusion, for being next year to have great reference in 2018 Acted on contrast.

The forecast place only movable to someone under city or the big tree of plane tree of dropping of outstanding bell fruit fruit hair, each city Weather is different, and the different buildings of landform are different, can only each place observation summarize, each local forecast, this method is that a ground one is seen To examine, a ground one is forecast, even in same city because different buildings, particularly wind direction, can also influence A, B, C result, Have other difference to forecast, difference is big will also to be illustrated.

The observation of emphasis to rainy A, under in the rain to hanging the observation of bell fruit, detection can be made accurate, fruit hair drops with regard to energy The standard of forecast, outstanding bell fruit fixed point one tree or several trees are observed, observes from high building, is got on from climbing ladder Observation, from the sem observation of looking in the distance of fixed point, from band video camera observation etc. on unmanned plane, often observation, detection can be found out Change, often experience be also more conducive to forecast with regard to more.

Plane tree shade tree is all to be planted in roadside, and the building in roadside is a lot, and it is most that outstanding bell fruit is observed on building Good place because building can high one layer see, can low one layer see that Yu Hua East Roads, Nanjing are that the road built is dug under hillside, hillside On just see outstanding bell fruit above 4 meters~7 meters high plane trees, the Zhenping station of No. 3, No. 4, Shanghai subway, is overhead sky vehicle Stand, there is a big tree of row's plane tree station the south, there is the more than ten years age of tree, and the highest of branch corrects the height of neat station window, is permitted More branches are lain against on window, are the positions that optimal viewing hangs bell fruit.

Actual outstanding bell fruit is slowly to become big after receiving rainwater, not can't see carefully, adheres to often observing, all outstanding bells Fruit is compared seeing, with regard to that can find out its change, particularly when the distance of the nut-seed in outstanding bell fruit expansion consequence sublist face becomes Big, at this moment the afterbody of seed has had been detached from the medulla of spheroid, outstanding bell fruit is gently touched with a rod, as long as fruit hair falls at once Fall, illustrate that outstanding bell fruit has expanded to maximum, as long as can be concluded that wind can be fallen down at once, while judge so swollen The outstanding bell fruit to swell how many, it is possible to reference to weather forecast, forecast the information that following fruit hair drops.

This forecast for example between 4 annual~May of In Nanjing it is important also just several times, fruit hair drops big to people's injury The weather that drops, 1 year also just in more than ten~more than 20 days.Need to be to A only rain start to rain after the observation of several days, as long as One to two people, 3~6 points are selected in city, to selected one to the four representational plane tree of a point, every observation Only need several minutes, in detail the change of the outstanding bell fruit of record, in conjunction with B, C of weather forecast, you can the outstanding bell fruit fruit hair of forecast drops Information, whole method is simple, and employment is few, and the used time is few, and forecast accuracy is high.If paying attention to observation, record is finished writing, finds out rule Rule, scientific analysis, the more do the more accurate certainly to forecast.

Nanjing evening paper in Nanjing, daily last edition upper left corner, publish everyday temperature and it is fine it is overcast and rainy two three days Weather forecast, Nanjing morning newspaper publish temperature, weather (fine wet weather), wind direction, wind-force four weather of two days everyday in fixed layout Forecast, also just several words, can be individual greatly to carry to people if the information to be dropped between 4~May plus outstanding bell fruit fruit hair Wake up.

Modern civilization is advocated, and the purpose of the present invention；The knowledge of natural environment, reform of nature, comply with the nature, enjoy naturally, originally Forecast has reached the harm that people can avoid outstanding bell fruit fruit hair, enjoys the nice and cool of plane tree summer again, allows closeer in people's emotion Nearly plane tree, it is that benefit is more than disadvantage to know from experience plane tree, can avoid this harm.

Claims (1)

1. outstanding bell fruit fruit hair is after 4 annual~May, temperature rise, experience is rained, weather of being blown after rain descends just to drop , to run into and become a fine day fruit fleece and dry, harm of the fruit hair at this moment to drop to people is maximum, observe, detect, analyzing, be summarised in 4~ The change of outstanding bell fruit, with reference to weather forecast, and will be divided into grade when these three weather and these three weather in May, tabulation, Analysis, after summarizing, forecast second day and the time that bell fruit fruit hair drops is hanged in the information that drops of later outstanding bell fruit fruit hair, forecast It is characterized in how many methods；

A. how much is amount often short of rain of raining；After annual April, maximum temperature temperature-averaging is increased to more than 20 degree, this When outstanding bell fruit rainwater is absorbed on rainy day can just expand greatly, can just be dropped fruit hair after expansion is big, and annual April is removed Rain number, rainy spell, rainy size, observed, detected, recorded every time；

A1. light rain is continuously lower is less than 48 hours, and lower moderate rain is less than 16 hours, is rained heavily less than 5 hours, and at this moment fraction hangs bell fruit Maximum can be expanded into.

A2. light rain is continuous lower 72 hours, and moderate rain continuous lower 24 hours, heavy rain is continuously lower 7~8 hours, at this moment there is the outstanding bell in part Fruit can be expanded into maximum.

A3. light rain is continuous lower more than 96 hours, and continuous lower 30 of moderate rain is more than hour, and heavy rain is continuous lower more than 10 hours, at this moment Significant portion, which hangs bell fruit, can be expanded into maximum.

A4. observe, detect the big degree of outstanding bell fruit expansion, go gently to touch the big outstanding bell fruit of expansion with a bamboo pole or gently shake Branch is shaken, bell fruit fruit hair is at this moment hanged and down drops at once, be to be expanded into maximum.

The rainwater being subject to when a5. raining with the outstanding bell fruit on one tree is not that as many, some wants several rain just to expand greatly, estimates Calculate one tree be expanded into maximum outstanding bell fruit account for percentage how many, be just estimated to following rain and stop consequence hair drops how many.

B. blow wind-force size；Outstanding bell fruit fruit hair 95% time difference of blowing every time, blows size not above is what wind scraped off Together；

B1. in raining heavily while 3~fresh breeze is scraped, batting drops a lot, when blowing more than 5 grades strong wind more than one, two day, expansion Big fruit hair has been dropped substantially, and the fruit hair to drop is bonded on the ground with rainwater.

B2. In Nanjing early summer in spring, rainy day did not had wind sometimes, and rain stops having wind in second day, blow be less than 2 grades small wind or Person's gentle breeze, the fruit hair of outstanding bell fruit drops seldom, but discontinuously can ceaselessly drop, and drops to rain next time always.

B3. after rain stops, 3~4 grades of wind is swept, the fruit hair of outstanding bell fruit drops a lot, has just dropped entirely within three~tetra- days.

B4. after rain stops, more than 5 grades strong wind are swept, the fruit hair of outstanding bell fruit once, all drop within two days, do not drop just Do not fall out, to arrive rain next time after, blow and drop again.

C. sunlight is strong and weak when fruit hair drops；There is sunlight and without sunlight, sunlight are strong and sunlight is weak, determine the fruit hair floating of outstanding bell fruit Degree；

C1. rain heavily, lower moderate rain fruit hair is fallen down, fruit hair will not float, with rainwater landing be bonded on the ground.

C2. it is the cloudy day after rain stops, fruit hair falls on underground quickly after dropping, floating is lacked.

C3. it is cloudy after rain stops, reaches one day or second day, fruit fleece dries, and fruit hair drops and floated everywhere.

C4. it is fine day after rain stops, the sun comes out sunlight more than half day and just dries outstanding bell fruit, and the wind of fruit fleece falls behind floaing and more It is not only high but also remote, flotation time length.

D. analysis is integrated to A, B, C three kinds of weather in this area, can fallen with reference to the fruit hair that weather forecast calculates from now on Time for falling and drop number；The information that following fruit hair drops is forecast, including fruit hair influences the degree of people, it is efficient More than 95%, accuracy rate more than 75%,.

D1.A rainwater total amount is more or few；It must be by raining, determining how much rainy this is, hang the expansion of bell fruit that fruit hair, which drops, It is big how many, determine that fruit hair from now on drops number.

D2.B blow blow greatly it is small；Fruit hair 95% is got off by wind, the size of wind just can determine that fruit hair drops number and The length of time.

D3.C sunlight strong sunlights are weak；Rainy day fruit hair, which drops, not to be felt people, and cloudy day moist fruit hair drops to be injured small to people, is done Fruit hair drop it is big to people's injury, fine day strong sunlight fruit hair drop people is injured it is maximum.

E. fruit hair drops how many expressions；Be divided into 6 grades, it is micro-, small, under, in, in it is upper, big.

E1 fruit hairs drop grade；(micro-), fruit hair start to drop, seldom dropped, people's general sensation less than.

E2 fruit hairs drop grade；(small), there is a small amount of fruit hair on the ground, often there is accidental " pounding " to arrive, people feel to fall fruit hair.

E3 fruit hairs drop grade；(under), substantially there is fruit hair underground, and everybody feels, that encounters sometimes is more, there is stimulation.

E4 fruit hairs drop grade；(in), underground fruit hair is more, and the time of dropping is very long, as long as can encounter under tree, everybody feels Discomfort, will be with mouth mask, wear a pair of spectacles under allergy sufferers tree.

E5 fruit hairs drop grade；(on), fine day is cloudy, and cloudy time length, fruit hair drops a lot, and underground fruit hair is a lot, everybody Feel especially uncomfortable, allergy sufferers are a lot, are to endanger most number of days every year.

E6 fruit hairs drop grade；(big), fine day, fruit hair drop special more, and what is floatd is not only more not only high but also remote, and the flotation time is grown, Most times have, and only have 1 time, and 1 to 3 day every time, the time was short, and many eyes are uncomfortable, itch with it, people are endangered maximum.

F. the harm that fruit hair drops；It is divided into 6 grades；It is micro-, small, under, in, in it is upper, big.

F1 fruit hairs drop hazard rating；(micro-) basic people are imperceptible.

F2 fruit hairs drop hazard rating；(small) can accidentally feel.

F3 fruit hairs drop hazard rating；(under) everybody can feel that allergy people will be with mouth mask.

F4 fruit hairs drop hazard rating；(in) extent of injury everybody do not feel like oneself should, annual number of days is more,

F5 fruit hairs drop hazard rating；(on) harm is big, has every year, number of days have have it is few.

F6 fruit hairs drop hazard rating；(big) harm is very big, and most times have, and has within 1 year only once.

G. combining A~F, situation and fruit hair drop the statistical form of forecast in the tree to Nanjing weather forecast in 2017 and outstanding bell fruit；

1. temperature, weather (fine wet weather), wind direction, wind-force are the weather forecasts on the same day in table, Nanjing morning newspaper is taken passages.

2. the observation of bell fruit is hanged in table；The percentage of outstanding bell fruit expansion was estimated before April 20, remaining outstanding bell is estimated after April 21 The percentage of fruit.

Estimated and the extent of injury 3. hanging bell fruit hair in table and dropping；It is the result on the same day of the previous day forecast, is the purpose of this method.

4. before April 10, after May 11, fruit hair, which drops, to be influenceed minimum therefore does not list.

5. other areas can apply mechanically this form completely, include combining local actual states, the time April 10 again in advance or Person delayed May 11 again.

Table 1；11 days~April 20 April in 2017

Continued；21 days~April 30 April in 2017

Continued；1 day~May 10 May in 2017