CN107815096A - 一种多孔泡沫塑料 - Google Patents

一种多孔泡沫塑料 Download PDF

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CN107815096A
CN107815096A CN201711064035.1A CN201711064035A CN107815096A CN 107815096 A CN107815096 A CN 107815096A CN 201711064035 A CN201711064035 A CN 201711064035A CN 107815096 A CN107815096 A CN 107815096A
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黄恒
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    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J9/00—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof
    • C08J9/04—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof using blowing gases generated by a previously added blowing agent
    • C08J9/06—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof using blowing gases generated by a previously added blowing agent by a chemical blowing agent
    • C08J9/08—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof using blowing gases generated by a previously added blowing agent by a chemical blowing agent developing carbon dioxide
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
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    • C08J2203/00—Foams characterized by the expanding agent
    • C08J2203/02—CO2-releasing, e.g. NaHCO3 and citric acid
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
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    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
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Abstract

本发明涉及一种多孔泡沫塑料，其由以下重量份数的各原料混合而成：聚醚多元醇40‑50份；异氰酸酯30‑40份；聚氨酯10‑15份；陶瓷粉末5‑10份；石膏粉4‑8份；碳酸氢钠5‑10份；空心玻璃微球3‑5份；硬脂酸钠2‑4份；乙二醇3‑7份；环氧乙烷3‑6份；稳定剂2‑4份。本发明的有益效果是：各组分混合后形成泡沫塑料，其内含有陶瓷粉末、石膏粉、空心玻璃微球等阻燃、耐热组分，经验证三者对泡沫材料的阻燃性能方面具有明显的协同增强效果；碳酸氢钠、乙二醇等有助于泡沫塑料中多孔的形成；环氧乙烷有助于各组分的粘合。

Description

一种多孔泡沫塑料
技术领域
本发明属于多孔材料领域，具体涉及一种多孔泡沫塑料。
背景技术
多孔材料，多孔材料是一种由相互贯通或封闭的孔洞构成网络结构的材料，孔洞的边界或表面由支柱或平板构成。典型的孔结构有：一种是由大量多边形孔在平面上聚集形成的二维结构；由于其形状类似于蜂房的六边形结构而被称为“蜂窝”材料；更为普遍的是由大量多面体形状的孔洞在空间聚集形成的三维结构，通常称之为“泡沫”材料。如果构成孔洞的固体只存在于孔洞的边界(即孔洞之间是相通的)，则称为开孔；如果孔洞表面也是实心的，即每个孔洞与周围孔洞完全隔开，则称为闭孔；而有些孔洞则是半开孔半闭孔的。
多孔材料有多种用途，其中一种有效的应用为作为建筑隔音材料。为了降低噪音对我们日常生活的影响，在建筑物中，采取的措施主要是隔声和吸声。隔声就是将声源隔离，防止声源产生的噪声向室内传播。在马路两旁种树，对两侧住宅就可以起到隔声作用。在建筑物中将多层密实材料用多孔材料分隔而做成的夹层结构，也会起到很好的隔声效果。为消除噪声，常用的吸声材料主要是多孔吸声材料，如玻璃棉、矿棉、膨胀珍珠岩、穿孔吸声板等。材料的吸声性能决定于它的粗糙性、柔性、多孔性等因素。泡沫塑料也叫多孔塑料，以树脂为主要原料制成的内部具有无数微孔的塑料，具有质轻、绝热、防震、耐腐蚀的作用，广泛用做包装材料及制车船壳体等。
发明内容
本发明所要解决的技术问题是提供一种多孔泡沫塑料，旨在提供一种新型泡沫塑料其具有耐高温、阻燃及隔声等功能。
本发明解决上述技术问题的技术方案如下：一种多孔泡沫塑料，其由以下重量份数的各原料混合而成：聚醚多元醇40-50份；异氰酸酯30-40份；聚氨酯10-15份；陶瓷粉末5-10份；石膏粉4-8份；碳酸氢钠5-10份；空心玻璃微球3-5份；硬脂酸钠2-4份；乙二醇3-7份；环氧乙烷3-6份；稳定剂2-4份。
最佳的，上述的多孔泡沫塑料，由以下重量份数的各原料混合而成：聚醚多元醇45份；异氰酸酯36份；聚氨酯10份；陶瓷粉末8份；石膏粉8份；碳酸氢钠5份；空心玻璃微球3份；硬脂酸钠4份；乙二醇7份；环氧乙烷3份；稳定剂2份。
最佳的，所述陶瓷粉末的粒径为80-160μm。
最佳的，所述石膏粉的粒径为120-200μm。
最佳的，所述空心玻璃微球的粒径为15-60μm。
与现有技术相比，本发明的有益效果是：各组分混合后形成泡沫塑料，其内含有陶瓷粉末、石膏粉、空心玻璃微球等阻燃、耐热组分，经验证三者对泡沫材料的阻燃性能方面具有明显的协同增强效果；碳酸氢钠、乙二醇等有助于泡沫塑料中多孔的形成；环氧乙烷有助于各组分的粘合。
具体实施方式
以下结合具体实施例对本发明提供的技术方案作进一步的详细描述，所举实例只用于解释本发明，并非用于限定本发明的范围。
实施例1
一种多孔泡沫塑料，由以下重量份数的各原料混合而成：聚醚多元醇45份；异氰酸酯36份；聚氨酯10份；陶瓷粉末8份；石膏粉8份；碳酸氢钠5份；空心玻璃微球3份；硬脂酸钠4份；乙二醇7份；环氧乙烷3份；稳定剂2份。
实施例2
一种多孔泡沫塑料，由以下重量份数的各原料混合而成：聚醚多元醇40份；异氰酸酯30份；聚氨酯10份；陶瓷粉末5份；石膏粉4份；碳酸氢钠5份；空心玻璃微球3份；硬脂酸钠2份；乙二醇3份；环氧乙烷3份；稳定剂2份。
聚醚多元醇40-50份；异氰酸酯30-40份；聚氨酯10-15份；陶瓷粉末5-10份；石膏粉4-8份；碳酸氢钠5-10份；空心玻璃微球3-5份；硬脂酸钠2-4份；乙二醇3-7份；环氧乙烷3-6份；稳定剂2-4份。
实施例3
一种多孔泡沫塑料，由以下重量份数的各原料混合而成：聚醚多元醇50份；异氰酸酯40份；聚氨酯15份；陶瓷粉末10份；石膏粉8份；碳酸氢钠10份；空心玻璃微球5份；硬脂酸钠4份；乙二醇7份；环氧乙烷6份；稳定剂4份。
对比例1
一种多孔泡沫塑料，由以下重量份数的各原料混合而成：聚醚多元醇50份；异氰酸酯40份；聚氨酯15份；石膏粉8份；碳酸氢钠10份；空心玻璃微球5份；硬脂酸钠4份；乙二醇7份；环氧乙烷6份；稳定剂4份。
对比例2
一种多孔泡沫塑料，由以下重量份数的各原料混合而成：聚醚多元醇50份；异氰酸酯40份；聚氨酯15份；陶瓷粉末10份；石膏粉8份；碳酸氢钠10份；硬脂酸钠4份；乙二醇7份；环氧乙烷6份；稳定剂4份。
对比例3
一种多孔泡沫塑料，由以下重量份数的各原料混合而成：聚醚多元醇50份；异氰酸酯40份；聚氨酯15份；陶瓷粉末10份；空心玻璃微球5份；碳酸氢钠10份；硬脂酸钠4份；乙二醇7份；环氧乙烷6份；稳定剂4份。
对实施例1至3及对比例1至3得到的多孔泡沫塑料进行性能测试，结果发现各材料的孔隙率均较高，耐热及阻燃性能方面：实施例1至3的多孔泡沫塑料在180-240℃下烤1h未见明显变形，之后遇明火无变化，而对比例1至3的多孔泡沫塑料在180-240℃下烤0.5h即有不同程度的融化，0.5h后遇明火后有燃烧现象。由上对比可知，本发明提供的泡沫塑料各成份的配比合理，得到的多孔材料的孔隙率高且耐热阻燃性能好。
以上所述仅为本发明的较佳实施例，并不用以限制本发明，凡在本发明的精神和原则之内，所作的任何修改、等同替换、改进等，均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。

Claims (5)

1.一种多孔泡沫塑料，其特征在于，由以下重量份数的各原料混合而成：聚醚多元醇40-50份；异氰酸酯30-40份；聚氨酯10-15份；陶瓷粉末5-10份；石膏粉4-8份；碳酸氢钠5-10份；空心玻璃微球3-5份；硬脂酸钠2-4份；乙二醇3-7份；环氧乙烷3-6份；稳定剂2-4份。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种多孔泡沫塑料，其特征在于，由以下重量份数的各原料混合而成：聚醚多元醇45份；异氰酸酯36份；聚氨酯10份；陶瓷粉末8份；石膏粉8份；碳酸氢钠5份；空心玻璃微球3份；硬脂酸钠4份；乙二醇7份；环氧乙烷3份；稳定剂2份。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种多孔泡沫塑料，其特征在于，所述陶瓷粉末的粒径为80-160μm。
4.根据权利要求1所述的一种多孔泡沫塑料，其特征在于，所述石膏粉的粒径为120-200μm。
5.根据权利要求1至4任一项所述的一种多孔泡沫塑料，其特征在于，所述空心玻璃微球的粒径为15-60μm。
CN201711064035.1A 2017-11-02 2017-11-02 一种多孔泡沫塑料 Pending CN107815096A (zh)

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Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN1404503A (zh) * 2000-02-25 2003-03-19 爱赛克斯特种产品公司 硬质聚氨酯泡沫塑料
CN103554895A (zh) * 2013-10-25 2014-02-05 马鞍山科信咨询有限公司 一种阻燃耐热聚氨酯泡沫材料
CN103755908A (zh) * 2014-01-07 2014-04-30 合肥杰事杰新材料股份有限公司 一种高抗压的阻燃硬质聚氨酯泡沫塑料及其制备方法
CN104177582A (zh) * 2014-08-06 2014-12-03 蒋鹏 一种新型空心玻璃微珠隔热保温材料及制备方法

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN1404503A (zh) * 2000-02-25 2003-03-19 爱赛克斯特种产品公司 硬质聚氨酯泡沫塑料
CN103554895A (zh) * 2013-10-25 2014-02-05 马鞍山科信咨询有限公司 一种阻燃耐热聚氨酯泡沫材料
CN103755908A (zh) * 2014-01-07 2014-04-30 合肥杰事杰新材料股份有限公司 一种高抗压的阻燃硬质聚氨酯泡沫塑料及其制备方法
CN104177582A (zh) * 2014-08-06 2014-12-03 蒋鹏 一种新型空心玻璃微珠隔热保温材料及制备方法

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