CN1078129C - 一种容器用层压板结构 - Google Patents

一种容器用层压板结构 Download PDF

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CN1078129C
CN1078129C CN96197841A CN96197841A CN1078129C CN 1078129 C CN1078129 C CN 1078129C CN 96197841 A CN96197841 A CN 96197841A CN 96197841 A CN96197841 A CN 96197841A CN 1078129 C CN1078129 C CN 1078129C
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J·L·金色
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Abstract

提供一种能增长流汁储存期限的纸板箱结构，这种纸板箱结构具有低的氧气渗透率，是密封的，有着最低要求的特性而不又失将侧面接缝部割成薄片或使用作为杀菌剂的过氧化氢的能力。这种容器结构含有一层聚酰胺聚合物涂层(14)，一层其中乙烯共聚单体含量为27-32mole%的乙烯乙烯醇共聚物涂层(24)，和一层薄的侧面无光泽粗糙的聚烯烃聚合物涂层(28)。

Description

一种容器用层压板结构
                   发明背景
1.发明领域
本发明涉及一种能延长流汁储存期限的无金属箔的纸板箱结构。更具体而言，本发明涉及一种容器，这种容器具有低的氧气渗透率，能保持密封至少90天，有着保持高度的香味，保护维生素C，耐膨胀和耐久性等特性，而又不失将纸板箱坯料的侧面接缝部割成薄片或使用过氧化氢消毒纸板箱内部的能力。这种容器结构包括一层聚酰胺聚合物，一层乙烯乙烯醇共聚物高质阻挡层，和在层压板的无光泽粗糙侧为一层薄的聚烯烃层。
2.现有技术描述
众所周知，可热封的诸如低密度聚乙烯类的聚烯烃聚合物是目前用作食品和/或非食品的硬纸板包装盒的元件，但只有极低的抗氧透射的能力。存在于常规包装材料和纸板箱上的气孔、伤痕、划线形成的裂缝或槽，造成了额外的渗漏部位。众所周知，诸如铝箔之类的密封材料，诸如聚丙烯腈、聚偏二氯乙烯、聚氯乙烯等极性脆性材料，均能起到不同程度的阻挡层作用，用于防止氧气传输。但是，所有这些材料缺乏在高速压力加工条件下必要的强度，即在划线、包装盒成形和误分配过程中，缺乏形成综合的低渗透率结构所要求的抗应力裂纹的能力。此外，在纸板箱的顶部、底部和侧面接缝部上由未经密封的槽而引起的泄漏同样已导致了纸板箱性能的低劣。
现有的大批量生产的用于存放液体和固体，食品和非食品产品的硬纸板箱结构，已采用了易于热封的阻挡层压板，这种层压板由夹在二层厚的诸如低密度聚乙烯(LDPE)的聚烯烃聚合物涂层之间的硬纸板基层和金属箔隔氧层二者组成。这聚烯烃聚合物是由一种比较便宜的可热封防湿材料。由常规结构带来的一个问题是起着防止氧气传入和传出纸板箱的隔氧层作用的金属箔层在坯料转换、纸板箱成形、及包装盒分配阶段中会破裂。
在形成封闭的人字“型”顶部、扁平“型”顶部、或其它折叠式热封顶部的过程中，以及在形成翅片型密封底部，或其它常规的折叠式底部的过程中，出现的折曲和折叠会将过大的局部应力施加在薄金属箔或其它隔氧层上，这通常的结果是导致出现裂缝和小孔。
迄今为止，市场上尚未有经济上具有吸引力的有着始终能保持近似玻璃或金属容器的不透氧性的无金属箔硬纸板包装盒。本发明的目的是要生产一种能延长储存期限的、氧气渗透率低的、密封容器用层压板结构，例如硬纸板作基层的包装盒或纸板箱，这种结构能防止气体的透过，此外，还能防止香味组分的逸散，或微生物污染的侵入。本发明的又一目的是要生产这样一种包装盒，以每件成本计，它是经济的，基本上与现有的转换方法相一致，并能使用常规的包装机器在各种高的速度、各种温度、各种压力及间歇时间下经济地进行成形、填装和封口。
本发明的另一个目的是要生产一种能延长诸如流汁之类食品包装储存期限(ELL)的容器用层压板结构，例如人字型顶部纸板箱结构。
本发明还有另一个目的是要生产一种具有长储存期限的无金属箔的容器用层压板结构，能利用过氧化氢(H2O2)对它进行消毒，它吸纳极少量的有香味的油料，能将它割成薄片和侧面进行封口，它并具有极高的耐久性和耐膨胀性能。这种结构将有着低的氧气渗透率并能防止微生物污染的侵入。
                    发明概述
以延长包装盒或纸板箱寿命及制造这种纸板箱的方法为目标的本发明注意到了现有技术的这些和其它一些缺陷，本发明的纸板箱在无光泽粗糙的侧面上，或产品一侧，有着一层聚烯烃聚合物涂层，例如聚乙烯聚合物，从而容许利用过氧化氢进行消毒。这包装盒含有一层在其共聚物中包含有大约29mole％的乙烯共聚单体的乙烯乙烯醇共聚物高质阻挡层，以及一层薄的粘结层和一层薄的聚烯烃聚合物涂层，例如低密度的聚乙烯，以便将吸纳有香味的油料的量降低到小于10％。在本结构的无光泽粗糙侧面上设置了这种薄的粘结层和聚烯烃聚合物涂层，能确保这种结构的侧面接缝部可利用标准割片技术装置将其割成薄片。
                    附图简述
本发明的这些和其它一些属性将利用以下附图进行叙述，其中
图1是本发明的层压板优选实施方案的横切面视图；
图2是图1上所示层压板优选实施例方案的横切面视图，它示明这种层压板可能的构造次序；和
图3是图1上所示层压板的横切面视图，它表示呈割成薄片的状态。
                  发明详述
本发明的优选实施方案是一种能延长储存期限的、氧气渗透性低的密封的层压板结构，如图1所示。所有的重量均以每平方米的克数表示。优选结构5含有重量为163-652g的硬纸板基层，在其一侧上涂有诸如低密度聚乙烯、纸性低密度聚乙烯、或它们的混合物这类聚烯烃聚合物涂层12，此涂层重量为8.2-32.6g，而优选值约为19.6g。涂层12是与大气接触的“光滑”层。在基层10的底面上或里面部分是一层聚酰胺聚合物涂层14，该涂层重量为3.3-32.6g，优选值约为8.2g。这聚酰胺聚合物涂层可以是，但不限于尼龙6，尼龙66，尼龙10，尼龙6-12，尼龙12，非晶质尼龙，和其它合适的聚酰胺类。在聚酰胺聚合物涂层14的底面上或内层上涂有一层粘结层16。这粘结层的涂层重量为0.8-11.4g，优选值约为2.4g。聚烯烃聚合物涂层18涂覆在粘结层16的底面上或内层上，其涂层重量为9.8-48.9g，优选值近似为29.3g。
在聚烯烃聚合物涂层18的底面上或内层上有着另外一层聚烯烃聚合物涂层20，该涂层的重量为1.6-11.4g，优选值约为6.5g。在聚烯烃聚合物涂层20的底面上配置着第二层粘结层22，其涂层重量为0.8-8.2g，优选值近似为2.4g。乙烯乙烯醇共聚物高质阻挡层24被配置在第二层粘结层22的底面上或内层上，其涂层重量为0.8-6.5g，优选值近似为3.3g。在乙烯乙烯醇共聚物高质阻挡层的底面上或内层上有第三层粘结层26，其涂层重量为0.8-8.2g，优选值近似为2.4g。最后一层聚烯烃聚合物28被配置在粘结层26的底面，在无光泽或接触产品面上。无光泽的聚烯烃聚合物28具有的涂层重量为1.6-11.4g，优选值近似为6.2g。
这种外表为光滑层而里侧为无光泽粗糙层的层压板分别为二层聚烯烃聚合物涂层12和28。由于采用了聚烯烃聚合物作为无光泽粗糙的涂层28和光滑的涂层12，防止了杀菌用的过氧化氢和乙烯乙烯醇之间的接触，聚烯烃聚合物与过氧化氢不会起有害的反应，这样就使层压板5能够满足FDA的要求。因为过氧化氢是选择的消毒剂，本发明的构造比起常规结构来是合乎要求的。过氧化氢是最有效的杀菌物质，能消除微生物的污染，从而满足FDA要求。
乙烯乙烯醇共聚物高质阻挡层24连同粘结层26和聚烯烃聚合物涂层28的使用，将有香味的油料的损失降至最小。这种层压板结构的实验表明，这种结构5引起的香味损失在至少90天的周期时间内小于10％，这被认为是一种长的储存期限，在橙汁的情况下，更接近于6％的总的香味损失。常规的乙烯乙烯醇共聚物涂层在其共聚物中含有44mole％的乙烯共聚单体。本发明的乙烯乙烯醇高质阻挡层24含有的乙烯共聚单体含量为27-32mole％，优选值近似为29mole％。
常规的纸板箱采用含量为44mole％乙烯共聚单体的乙烯乙烯醇共聚物涂层，并规定约5-6周的储存期限。为了达到可与本发明相比的氧气渗透率，对于上述纸板箱来说，上述乙烯乙烯醇共聚物涂层的厚度必须至少增加2至3倍。相应地，上述纸板相的成本增加，并且在很多场合使这种纸板箱在经济上难以实施。
本发明使用涂有其中的乙烯共聚单体含量为29mole％的乙烯乙烯醇共聚物高质阻挡层的挤压成型层板。将乙烯乙烯醇共聚物高质阻挡层24加入到层压板5中的结果，是使容器具有所要求至少90天的增长储存期限。此外，涂层24的厚度大约是乙烯共聚单体含量为44mole％的常规乙烯乙烯醇共聚物涂层厚度的一半。这样本发明的层压板具有至少90天的较长的储存期限，并且比常规的层压板费用要低。为了得到可比较的氧气渗透率的常规乙烯乙烯醇共聚物涂层，它必须有2-3倍的厚度。这样一种构造在经济上是不可行的。
在利用层压板5形成优选的容器时，侧面接缝部被割成薄片。割成薄片是一种纸板箱侧面接缝部的连接方法，这种连接方法使得硬纸板边缘结构不会暴露在液态内装物中，从而防止了液体吸入层压板。要这样使用层压板，使其本身在不同位置处重叠。按图3所示折叠层压板，使得硬纸板的边缘不会接触容器内的内装物。在层压板5末端附近的内侧面50处，其厚度约有一半被切去了，这样它本身就可折叠。这就确保了只有聚烯烃聚合物接触内装物，和接触外侧面60。为了成功地将层压板割成薄片，人们还必须意识到在用火焰直接冲击加热时，极性聚合物本身将不会封合，只有无极性聚合物才能封合。聚烯烃聚合物，例如低密度的聚乙烯、线性低的聚乙烯，或它们的混合物，都是无极性的，故从割成薄片的观点来看能很好加工。
根据这一理由，在无光泽上采用了粘结层26和聚烯烃聚合物涂层28。涂层26和28都比较薄。例如，聚烯烃聚合物涂层通常具有的涂层重量为16.3-19.6g。利用提供的涂层26和28，可以将层压板5的侧面接缝部割成薄片，因为利用火焰冲击加热，聚烯烃聚合物依靠本身就能封口。
聚烯烃聚合物涂层14主要用来提供机械强度和热阻，借此改善层压板5的耐久性和耐膨胀性能。聚烯烃聚合物涂层18起着堵缝层的作用，这样，在加热过程中，涂层18有点“熔化”，于是它便填入层压板在折叠形成包装盒时造成的槽中。可以想象，粘结层16和22可以去掉而不会违背本发明的宗旨。
参考图2，聚烯烃聚合物涂层12被放置在基层10上。而聚酰胺聚合物涂层14，粘结层16和聚烯烃聚合物被制成共挤压层板30，并被置于基层10的另一面。接着，聚烯烃聚合物涂层20、粘结层22、乙烯乙烯醇共聚物涂层24、粘结层26和聚烯烃聚合物涂层28被制成共挤压层板40，并被置于混合挤压层板30上，这样形成了层压板5。尽管以上是生产层压板5的一种方法，但也可采用其它方法。相邻的聚烯烃聚合物涂层18和20可以是单独一层聚烯烃聚合物涂层。早先已论述了实现本发明所要求的性能特性所需的关键涂层。余下的粘结层和聚烯烃聚合物涂层是用来帮助加工和生产共挤压层板和为层压板5提供所要求的材料量的。这些涂层可根据需要进行置换或删除，只要层压板能保持恰当量的材料以保持所要求的性能特性。
虽然已叙述了几种与本发明一致的纸板箱结构实施方案，但可以相信本领域的那些技术人员在考虑到上面所作的叙述后将会提出一些其它的修改、变动和更改。所以，当然要相信所有这些变动、修改和更改都是属于所附的权利要求书中所定义的本发明的范畴。

Claims (12)

1.一种容器用层压板结构，包括：
一块有着内表面和外表面的基层；
一层涂覆于所述基层的外表面上的可热封的聚合物材料外涂层；
一层被置于所述基层内表面上的聚酰胺聚合物层，用以提供所述层压板的机械强度和热阻，和改善其耐久性；
一层被置于所述聚酰胺聚合物层内部的乙烯乙烯醇共聚物高质阻挡层，用来防止吸纳来自所述容器内容物的香味油料，所述的乙烯乙烯醇共聚物高质阻挡层的涂层重量是0.8-6.5g/m2；
一层涂覆在所述的乙烯乙烯醇共聚物高质阻挡层内表面上的薄粘结层和一层涂覆在所述的薄粘结层上的薄可热封聚合物材料涂层，用以形成所述容器的内表面，并能将所述容器的侧面接缝部割成薄片，并可用过氧化氢消毒所述层压板，其中所述的乙烯乙烯醇共聚物高质阻挡层含有27-32mole％的乙烯共聚单体。
2.权利要求1所述的容器用层压板结构，其中所述的基层是纸板。
3.权利要求1所述的容器用层压板结构，其中所述的可热封聚合物材料外层和所述可热封聚合物材料薄层包含低密度聚乙烯，线性低密度聚乙烯，或它们的混合物中之一种。
4.权利要求1所述的容器用层压板结构，还包括一层被置于所述的聚酰胺聚合物层内表面上的粘结层。
5.权利要求4所述的容器用层压板结构，还包括置于所述的粘结层内表面上的至少一层聚烯烃聚合物层。
6.权利要求5所述的容器用层压板结构，还包括被置于所述至少一层聚烯烃聚合物层内表面上的第二粘结层，而其中所述的乙烯乙烯醇共聚物高质阻挡层则被置于所述的第二粘结层的内表面上。
7.一种容器用层压板结构包含：
一块有着内表面和外表面的纸板基层；
一层涂覆在所述基层外表面上的线性低密度聚乙烯或其混合物；
一层被置于所述基层的内表面上的聚酰胺聚合物，用以提供所述层压板的机械强度和热阻，和改善其耐久性；
一层被置于所述聚酰胺聚合物层内侧的乙烯乙烯醇共聚物高质阻挡层，用来防止吸纳来自所述容器内容物的香味油料，所述的乙烯乙烯醇共聚物高质阻挡层的涂层重量是0.8-6.5g/m2；
一层涂覆在所述的乙烯乙烯醇共聚物高质阻挡层内表面上的薄粘结层和一层涂覆在所述的薄粘结层上的薄的聚烯烃聚合物层，用以形成所述容器的内表面，并能将所述容器的侧面接缝部割成薄片，并可用过氧化氢消毒所述的层压板，其中所述的乙烯乙烯醇共聚物高质阻挡层含有27-32mole％的乙烯共聚单体。
8.权利要求7所述的容器用层压板结构，基本上还包括一层被置于所述的聚酰胺聚合物层内表面上的粘结层。
9.权利要求7所述的容器用层压板结构，基本上还包括置于所述的粘接层内表面上的至少一层聚烯烃聚合物层；和
置于所述的至少一层聚烯烃聚合物层内表面上的第二层粘结层，而其中所述的乙烯乙烯醇共聚物高质阻挡层则被置于所述的第二粘结层的内表面上。
10.权利要求7所述的容器用层压板结构，其中所述的至少一层聚烯烃聚合物层是第一外层和第二内层。
11.一种容器用层压板结构包括：
一块有内表面和外表面的纸板基层；
一层涂覆在所述基层外表面上线性低密度聚乙烯或其混合物；
一层被置于所述基层的内表面上的聚酰胺聚合物层，用以提供所述层压板的机械强度和热阻，和改善其耐久性；
一层被置于所述聚酰胺聚合物层内部的含有29mole％的乙烯共聚单体的乙烯乙烯醇共聚物高质阻挡层，用来防止吸纳来自所述容器内容物的香味油料，并提供低渗透率的隔氧层，所述乙烯乙烯醇共聚物高质阻挡层的涂层重量是0.8-6.5g/m2。
一层被置于所述的聚酰胺聚合物层内表面上的粘结层；
置于所述的粘结层内表面上的第一聚烯烃聚合物外层和第二聚烯烃聚合物内层；
置于所述第二内层内表面上的第二粘结层，而其中所述的乙烯乙烯醇共聚物高质阻挡层则被置于所述的第二粘结层的内表面上；和
一层涂覆在所述乙烯乙烯醇共聚物高质阻挡层的内表面上的薄粘结层和一层涂覆在所述的薄粘结层上的薄的聚烯烃聚合物层，用以形成所述容器的内表面，并能将所述容器的侧面接缝部割成薄片和能用过氧化氢消毒所述的容器。
12.权利要求1所述的容器用层压板结构，其中所述的聚酰胺聚合物选自尼龙6，尼龙66，尼龙6-12，尼龙10，尼龙12，和非晶形尼龙。
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ES2187679T3 (es) 2003-06-16
CN1200695A (zh) 1998-12-02
DE69626030T3 (de) 2007-02-15
ATE231791T1 (de) 2003-02-15
NO981881L (no) 1998-04-27
CA2233578A1 (en) 1997-05-01
BR9611325A (pt) 1999-02-17
DE69626030D1 (de) 2003-03-06
DE69626030T2 (de) 2003-06-18
KR100321605B1 (ko) 2002-08-19
NZ320541A (en) 1998-12-23
CA2233578C (en) 2003-04-01
EP0857103A1 (en) 1998-08-12
AU706768B2 (en) 1999-06-24
US6110548A (en) 2000-08-29
EP0857103B2 (en) 2006-09-13
AU7328596A (en) 1997-05-15
WO1997015436A1 (en) 1997-05-01
MXPA98003255A (es) 2003-06-04
KR19990063782A (ko) 1999-07-26
HK1016539A1 (en) 1999-11-05
JP3111357B2 (ja) 2000-11-20
ES2187679T5 (es) 2007-05-01
EP0857103B1 (en) 2003-01-29
NO981881D0 (no) 1998-04-27
EP0857103A4 (en) 1999-01-20
JPH11500374A (ja) 1999-01-12
NO318495B1 (no) 2005-03-29

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