CN107799291A - A kind of preparation method of the manganese bismuth permanent-magnet material with electrodeposited coating - Google Patents
A kind of preparation method of the manganese bismuth permanent-magnet material with electrodeposited coating Download PDFInfo
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- CN107799291A CN107799291A CN201710989120.2A CN201710989120A CN107799291A CN 107799291 A CN107799291 A CN 107799291A CN 201710989120 A CN201710989120 A CN 201710989120A CN 107799291 A CN107799291 A CN 107799291A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
- H01F41/00—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing or assembling magnets, inductances or transformers; Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing materials characterised by their magnetic properties
- H01F41/02—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing or assembling magnets, inductances or transformers; Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing materials characterised by their magnetic properties for manufacturing cores, coils, or magnets
- H01F41/0253—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing or assembling magnets, inductances or transformers; Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing materials characterised by their magnetic properties for manufacturing cores, coils, or magnets for manufacturing permanent magnets
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C22/00—Alloys based on manganese
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D5/00—Electroplating characterised by the process; Pretreatment or after-treatment of workpieces
- C25D5/20—Electroplating using ultrasonics, vibrations
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D7/00—Electroplating characterised by the article coated
- C25D7/001—Magnets
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
- H01F1/00—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties
- H01F1/01—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials
- H01F1/03—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity
- H01F1/032—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity of hard-magnetic materials
- H01F1/04—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity of hard-magnetic materials metals or alloys
- H01F1/047—Alloys characterised by their composition
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
- H01F41/00—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing or assembling magnets, inductances or transformers; Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing materials characterised by their magnetic properties
- H01F41/02—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing or assembling magnets, inductances or transformers; Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing materials characterised by their magnetic properties for manufacturing cores, coils, or magnets
- H01F41/0253—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing or assembling magnets, inductances or transformers; Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing materials characterised by their magnetic properties for manufacturing cores, coils, or magnets for manufacturing permanent magnets
- H01F41/026—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing or assembling magnets, inductances or transformers; Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing materials characterised by their magnetic properties for manufacturing cores, coils, or magnets for manufacturing permanent magnets protecting methods against environmental influences, e.g. oxygen, by surface treatment
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of preparation method of the manganese bismuth permanent-magnet material with electrodeposited coating, permanent-magnet material made from this method has excellent, stable permanent magnetism performance, and can be obtained by simple and easy preparation method；For the present invention in permanent magnet surfaces electroplated coating, coating caused by avoiding liberation of hydrogen effect plays drum, foaming, improves the antiseptic property of permanent magnet.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to magnetic material manufacturing field, and in particular to a kind of preparation of the manganese bismuth permanent-magnet material with electrodeposited coating
Method.
Background technology
Rare earth permanent-magnetic material refers to alloy that rare earth metal and magnesium-yttrium-transition metal are formed through permanent magnetism made of certain technique
Material.Rare earth permanent-magnetic material is a kind of currently known permanent-magnet material of combination property highest, the magnetic that it is used than 90th century
The magnetic property of steel is high more than 100 times, and than ferrite, aluminium nickel cobalt superior performance much, the magnetic property than the platinum cobalt alloy of costliness is also high
One times.Due to the use of rare earth permanent-magnetic material, permanent magnet devices are not only promoted to miniaturization, improve the performance of product,
And promote the generation of some particular devices, so rare earth permanent-magnetic material one occurs, cause very big attention immediately, develop extremely fast
Speed.Rare earth permanent-magnetic material is applied widely in fields such as machinery, electronics, instrument and medical treatment.
Rare earth permanent-magnetic material has high magnetic property and high-curie temperature, and especially operating temperature is more than 180-250 DEG C
When, the magnet steel still has high magnetic energy product, coercivity and remanent magnetism, therefore is widely used in Aero-Space, defence and military, micro-
It is wave device, communication, Medical Devices, instrument and meter, wind-power electricity generation, various magnetic driving devices, sensor, magnetic processor, high-end
The industries such as motor.But due to rare earth resources finiteness and use cost (especially needing to add heavy rare earth raising performance) significantly
Degree improves, develop no terres rares high performance permanent magnetic materialses increasingly become the research of countries in the world magnetic materials important directions it
One.
It is general in the use of permanent magnet all to need to carry out surface coated treatment because permanent magnet is oxidizable.Adopt extensively at present
Painting method is mainly electroplated, in permanent magnet electrogalvanizing, electronickelling, electronickelling cupro-nickel etc..But permanent magnet is typically
Prepared using powder metallurgical technique, therefore the matrix of magnet is compared with metal material, it is loose porous, contain substantial amounts of micropore.Electricity
Liberation of hydrogen effect is had in treatment before plating and electroplating process, caused hydrogen can penetrate into, adsorb in the micropore of matrix surface, this to ooze
Hydrogen or after inhaling the matrix surface plating last layer coating of hydrogen, when covering the rise of coating environment temperature, the hydrogen of absorption can be outer because expanding
Overflow, a kind of pressure is produced to coating, coating is departed from matrix and raised, has been formed and roused, bubble, caused coating to fail, serious shadow
Ring the antiseptic power of coating.
The content of the invention
The present invention provides a kind of preparation method of the manganese bismuth permanent-magnet material with electrodeposited coating, permanent-magnet material made from this method
With excellent, stable permanent magnetism performance, and can be obtained by simple and easy preparation method；The present invention is in permanent magnet surfaces
Electroplated coating, coating caused by avoiding liberation of hydrogen effect play drum, foaming, improve the antiseptic property of permanent magnet.
To achieve these goals, above-mentioned purpose is realized, the invention provides a kind of manganese bismuth permanent magnetism material with electrodeposited coating
The preparation method of material, the Components Chemical formula of the permanent-magnet material main body is Mn100-x-yBixAly, wherein x=42-45, y=1-3；
This method comprises the following steps：
（1）Each element, which is weighed, according to mentioned component chemical formula carries out dispensing；
（2）Dispensing is placed in smelting furnace, at least up to 5 × 10 are vacuumized in stove-3Pa；Then, helium injection gas to furnace pressure is
50-80kPa；1300-1450 DEG C of fusing is warming up to, is cast to after stirring, refining stand-by in water cooled copper mould；
（3）Obtained alloy cast ingot is crushed, is fitted into vacuum and gets rid of with the quartz ampoule in machine, quartz ampoule bottom nozzle diameter is
0.5-0.8mm, vacuum is got rid of after the cavity with machine vacuumizes, protective gas is filled with into cavity；Connect vacuum and get rid of band electromechanical source,
The alloy in fused quartz pipe is heated, meanwhile, it is 1-5mm to control quartz ampoule bottom nozzle to copper roller surface distance, adjusts vacuum
Band machine copper roller rotating speed is got rid of, it is 55-65m/s to make copper roller rotating speed, and mother alloy melt is ejected on the copper roller of rotation, obtains permanent magnetism material
Expect strip；
（4）Strip is placed in vacuum tube furnace and is heat-treated, heat treatment condition is：In 350 DEG C of -400 DEG C of temperature ranges
15-20 hours are incubated, permanent-magnet material main body is made using copper mold casting after then re-melting；
（5）Permanent magnetism phosphor bodies are put into hermetically sealed can, polytetrafluorethylecoatings coatings are surrounded by inside hermetically sealed can, are sealing at the top of hermetically sealed can
Cover, vacuum-pumping tube and electroplate liquid access tube are connected on sealed tank cap, valve is designed with vacuum-pumping tube and electroplate liquid access tube；
After permanent magnetism phosphor bodies are put into hermetically sealed can, sealed tank cap is covered, the valve on vacuum-pumping tube is opened and be evacuated to very
Reciprocal of duty cycle 10-3Below Pa, the valve closed on vacuum-pumping tube, the valve on electroplate liquid access tube is opened, electricity is passed through into hermetically sealed can
Plating solution, untill permanent magnetism phosphor bodies are totally immersed into plating solution, then permanent magnetism phosphor bodies are taken out and electroplated at once；
（6）Electroplated using electroplating in ultrasonic field groove, electroplating in ultrasonic field groove is in plating trench bottom installation ultrasonic wave generating box, electricity
Plating uses barrel plating technique：
Permanent magnetism phosphor bodies after vacuumize process are fitted into electro-plating roller, and mix steel ball as filler, electro-plating roller is put
Enter in ultrasonic wave electroplating bath；
Rotating cylinder rotating speed is 50-80 rpm, opens ultrasonic wave generating box power supply and electroplating power supply, proceeds by barrel plating；
At 40-45 DEG C, pH value is controlled between 2-3, barrel plating 50-100 min, obtains thickness for bath temperature control during barrel plating
For 5-15 μm of permanent magnet body surfaces electroplated coating.
Preferably, described plating solution is Ni or Al plating solutions.
Iron-based soft magnetic composite cores prepared by the present invention possess advantages below：
（1）Permanent-magnet material made from this method has excellent, stable permanent magnetism performance, and can pass through simple and easy preparation
Method obtains；
（2）For the present invention in permanent magnet surfaces electroplated coating, coating caused by avoiding liberation of hydrogen effect plays drum, foaming, improves permanent magnetism
The antiseptic property of body.
Embodiment
Embodiment one
The Components Chemical formula of the present embodiment permanent-magnet material main body is Mn57Bi42Al1。
Each element, which is weighed, according to mentioned component chemical formula carries out dispensing；Dispensing is placed in smelting furnace, is evacuated in stove
Reach 5 × 10 less-3Pa；Then, helium injection gas to furnace pressure is 50kPa；1300 DEG C of fusings are warming up to, are cast after stirring, refining
It is stand-by into water cooled copper mould.
Obtained alloy cast ingot is crushed, is fitted into vacuum and gets rid of with the quartz ampoule in machine, quartz ampoule bottom nozzle diameter is
0.5mm, vacuum is got rid of after the cavity with machine vacuumizes, protective gas is filled with into cavity；Connect vacuum and get rid of band electromechanical source, heating
Alloy in fused quartz pipe, meanwhile, it is 1mm to control quartz ampoule bottom nozzle to copper roller surface distance, and adjustment vacuum gets rid of band machine
Copper roller rotating speed, it is 55m/s to make copper roller rotating speed, and mother alloy melt is ejected on the copper roller of rotation, obtains permanent-magnet material strip；
Strip is placed in vacuum tube furnace and is heat-treated, heat treatment condition is：It is small in 350 DEG C of temperature range inside holdings 15
When, permanent-magnet material main body is made using copper mold casting after then re-melting；Permanent magnetism phosphor bodies are put into hermetically sealed can, hermetically sealed can
Inside is surrounded by polytetrafluorethylecoatings coatings, is sealed tank cap at the top of hermetically sealed can, connects vacuum-pumping tube on sealed tank cap and electroplate liquid leads to
Enter pipe, valve is designed with vacuum-pumping tube and electroplate liquid access tube；
After permanent magnetism phosphor bodies are put into hermetically sealed can, sealed tank cap is covered, the valve on vacuum-pumping tube is opened and be evacuated to very
Reciprocal of duty cycle 10-3Below Pa, the valve closed on vacuum-pumping tube, the valve on electroplate liquid access tube is opened, electricity is passed through into hermetically sealed can
Plating solution, untill permanent magnetism phosphor bodies are totally immersed into plating solution, then permanent magnetism phosphor bodies are taken out and electroplated at once；Described plating solution
For Ni plating solutions.
To be electroplated using electroplating in ultrasonic field groove, electroplating in ultrasonic field groove is to install ultrasonic wave generating box in plating trench bottom,
Plating uses barrel plating technique：Permanent magnetism phosphor bodies after vacuumize process are fitted into electro-plating roller, and mix steel ball as filler,
Electro-plating roller is put into electroplating in ultrasonic field groove；Rotating cylinder rotating speed is 50 rpm, opens ultrasonic wave generating box power supply and plating
Power supply, proceed by barrel plating；Bath temperature control is at 40 DEG C during barrel plating, and pH value is controlled between 2-3, the min of barrel plating 50,
Obtain the permanent magnet body surfaces electroplated coating that thickness is 5 μm.
Embodiment two
The Components Chemical formula of the present embodiment permanent-magnet material main body is Mn52Bi45Al3。
Each element, which is weighed, according to mentioned component chemical formula carries out dispensing；Dispensing is placed in smelting furnace, is evacuated in stove
Reach 5 × 10 less-3Pa；Then, helium injection gas to furnace pressure is 80kPa；1450 DEG C of fusings are warming up to, are cast after stirring, refining
It is stand-by into water cooled copper mould.
Obtained alloy cast ingot is crushed, is fitted into vacuum and gets rid of with the quartz ampoule in machine, quartz ampoule bottom nozzle diameter is
0.8mm, vacuum is got rid of after the cavity with machine vacuumizes, protective gas is filled with into cavity；Connect vacuum and get rid of band electromechanical source, heating
Alloy in fused quartz pipe, meanwhile, it is 1-5mm to control quartz ampoule bottom nozzle to copper roller surface distance, and adjustment vacuum gets rid of band
Machine copper roller rotating speed, it is 65m/s to make copper roller rotating speed, and mother alloy melt is ejected on the copper roller of rotation, obtains permanent-magnet material strip；
Strip is placed in vacuum tube furnace and is heat-treated, heat treatment condition is：It is small in 400 DEG C of temperature range inside holdings 20
When, permanent-magnet material main body is made using copper mold casting after then re-melting；Permanent magnetism phosphor bodies are put into hermetically sealed can, hermetically sealed can
Inside is surrounded by polytetrafluorethylecoatings coatings, is sealed tank cap at the top of hermetically sealed can, connects vacuum-pumping tube on sealed tank cap and electroplate liquid leads to
Enter pipe, valve is designed with vacuum-pumping tube and electroplate liquid access tube；
After permanent magnetism phosphor bodies are put into hermetically sealed can, sealed tank cap is covered, the valve on vacuum-pumping tube is opened and be evacuated to very
Reciprocal of duty cycle 10-3Below Pa, the valve closed on vacuum-pumping tube, the valve on electroplate liquid access tube is opened, electricity is passed through into hermetically sealed can
Plating solution, untill permanent magnetism phosphor bodies are totally immersed into plating solution, then permanent magnetism phosphor bodies are taken out and electroplated at once；Described plating solution
Al plating solutions.
To be electroplated using electroplating in ultrasonic field groove, electroplating in ultrasonic field groove is to install ultrasonic wave generating box in plating trench bottom,
Plating uses barrel plating technique：Permanent magnetism phosphor bodies after vacuumize process are fitted into electro-plating roller, and mix steel ball as filler,
Electro-plating roller is put into electroplating in ultrasonic field groove；Rotating cylinder rotating speed is 80 rpm, opens ultrasonic wave generating box power supply and plating
Power supply, proceed by barrel plating；Bath temperature control is at 45 DEG C during barrel plating, and pH value is controlled between 2-3, the min of barrel plating 100,
Obtain the permanent magnet body surfaces electroplated coating that thickness is 15 μm.
Claims (2)
1. a kind of preparation method of the manganese bismuth permanent-magnet material with electrodeposited coating, the Components Chemical formula of the permanent-magnet material main body are
Mn100-x-yBixAly, wherein x=42-45, y=1-3；
This method comprises the following steps：
（1）Each element, which is weighed, according to mentioned component chemical formula carries out dispensing；
（2）Dispensing is placed in smelting furnace, at least up to 5 × 10 are vacuumized in stove-3Pa；Then, helium injection gas to furnace pressure is
50-80kPa；1300-1450 DEG C of fusing is warming up to, is cast to after stirring, refining stand-by in water cooled copper mould；
（3）Obtained alloy cast ingot is crushed, is fitted into vacuum and gets rid of with the quartz ampoule in machine, quartz ampoule bottom nozzle diameter is
0.5-0.8mm, vacuum is got rid of after the cavity with machine vacuumizes, protective gas is filled with into cavity；Connect vacuum and get rid of band electromechanical source,
The alloy in fused quartz pipe is heated, meanwhile, it is 1-5mm to control quartz ampoule bottom nozzle to copper roller surface distance, adjusts vacuum
Band machine copper roller rotating speed is got rid of, it is 55-65m/s to make copper roller rotating speed, and mother alloy melt is ejected on the copper roller of rotation, obtains permanent magnetism material
Expect strip；
（4）Strip is placed in vacuum tube furnace and is heat-treated, heat treatment condition is：In 350 DEG C of -400 DEG C of temperature ranges
15-20 hours are incubated, permanent-magnet material main body is made using copper mold casting after then re-melting；
（5）Permanent magnetism phosphor bodies are put into hermetically sealed can, polytetrafluorethylecoatings coatings are surrounded by inside hermetically sealed can, are sealing at the top of hermetically sealed can
Cover, vacuum-pumping tube and electroplate liquid access tube are connected on sealed tank cap, valve is designed with vacuum-pumping tube and electroplate liquid access tube；
After permanent magnetism phosphor bodies are put into hermetically sealed can, sealed tank cap is covered, the valve on vacuum-pumping tube is opened and be evacuated to very
Reciprocal of duty cycle 10-3Below Pa, the valve closed on vacuum-pumping tube, the valve on electroplate liquid access tube is opened, electricity is passed through into hermetically sealed can
Plating solution, untill permanent magnetism phosphor bodies are totally immersed into plating solution, then permanent magnetism phosphor bodies are taken out and electroplated at once；
（6）Electroplated using electroplating in ultrasonic field groove, electroplating in ultrasonic field groove is in plating trench bottom installation ultrasonic wave generating box, electricity
Plating uses barrel plating technique：
Permanent magnetism phosphor bodies after vacuumize process are fitted into electro-plating roller, and mix steel ball as filler, electro-plating roller is put
Enter in ultrasonic wave electroplating bath；
Rotating cylinder rotating speed is 50-80 rpm, opens ultrasonic wave generating box power supply and electroplating power supply, proceeds by barrel plating；
At 40-45 DEG C, pH value is controlled between 2-3, barrel plating 50-100 min, obtains thickness for bath temperature control during barrel plating
For 5-15 μm of permanent magnet body surfaces electroplated coating.
2. the method as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that described plating solution is Ni or Al plating solutions.
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108878091A (en) * | 2018-06-30 | 2018-11-23 | 苏州诺弘添恒材料科技有限公司 | A kind of preparation method of the Mn-Bi permanent magnet with ceramic protection layer |
| CN108913967A (en) * | 2018-06-17 | 2018-11-30 | 苏州诺弘添恒材料科技有限公司 | A kind of preparation method of the Mn-Bi permanent magnet of Surface Modification of Nanosized Materials |
| CN109326437A (en) * | 2018-12-18 | 2019-02-12 | 王顺良 | A kind of preparation method of manganese bismuth permanent-magnet material |
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| CN104851545A (en) * | 2015-05-21 | 2015-08-19 | 唐海峰 | Production method of permanent magnet material with grain boundary diffusion layer |
| CN106935350A (en) * | 2017-03-13 | 2017-07-07 | 中南大学 | A kind of anisotropy SmCo5Type rare earth permanent-magnetic material and preparation method |
| CN107039168A (en) * | 2017-04-26 | 2017-08-11 | 凉山稀土产业技术研究院 | A kind of preparation method of Fe-B rare-earth permanent magnet electroplating surface coating |
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| CN104480501A (en) * | 2014-11-28 | 2015-04-01 | 广东致卓精密金属科技有限公司 | High-tin copper-tin alloy electroplating solution and process for barrel plating |
| CN104851545A (en) * | 2015-05-21 | 2015-08-19 | 唐海峰 | Production method of permanent magnet material with grain boundary diffusion layer |
| CN106935350A (en) * | 2017-03-13 | 2017-07-07 | 中南大学 | A kind of anisotropy SmCo5Type rare earth permanent-magnetic material and preparation method |
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| CN108913967A (en) * | 2018-06-17 | 2018-11-30 | 苏州诺弘添恒材料科技有限公司 | A kind of preparation method of the Mn-Bi permanent magnet of Surface Modification of Nanosized Materials |
| CN108878091A (en) * | 2018-06-30 | 2018-11-23 | 苏州诺弘添恒材料科技有限公司 | A kind of preparation method of the Mn-Bi permanent magnet with ceramic protection layer |
| CN109326437A (en) * | 2018-12-18 | 2019-02-12 | 王顺良 | A kind of preparation method of manganese bismuth permanent-magnet material |
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