CN107039168A - A kind of preparation method of Fe-B rare-earth permanent magnet electroplating surface coating - Google Patents
A kind of preparation method of Fe-B rare-earth permanent magnet electroplating surface coating Download PDFInfo
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- CN107039168A CN107039168A CN201710282805.3A CN201710282805A CN107039168A CN 107039168 A CN107039168 A CN 107039168A CN 201710282805 A CN201710282805 A CN 201710282805A CN 107039168 A CN107039168 A CN 107039168A
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- rare
- permanent magnet
- earth permanent
- plating
- electroplating
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
- H01F41/00—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing or assembling magnets, inductances or transformers; Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing materials characterised by their magnetic properties
- H01F41/02—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing or assembling magnets, inductances or transformers; Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing materials characterised by their magnetic properties for manufacturing cores, coils, or magnets
- H01F41/0253—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing or assembling magnets, inductances or transformers; Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing materials characterised by their magnetic properties for manufacturing cores, coils, or magnets for manufacturing permanent magnets
- H01F41/026—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing or assembling magnets, inductances or transformers; Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing materials characterised by their magnetic properties for manufacturing cores, coils, or magnets for manufacturing permanent magnets protecting methods against environmental influences, e.g. oxygen, by surface treatment
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D5/00—Electroplating characterised by the process; Pretreatment or after-treatment of workpieces
- C25D5/20—Electroplating using ultrasonics, vibrations
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D5/00—Electroplating characterised by the process; Pretreatment or after-treatment of workpieces
- C25D5/34—Pretreatment of metallic surfaces to be electroplated
- C25D5/36—Pretreatment of metallic surfaces to be electroplated of iron or steel
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D7/00—Electroplating characterised by the article coated
- C25D7/001—Magnets
Abstract
The invention belongs to corrosion resistant surfaces processing technology field, more particularly to a kind of preparation method of Fe-B rare-earth permanent magnet electroplating surface coating.The present invention to Fe-B rare-earth permanent magnet surface preparation, then carries out Fe-B rare-earth permanent magnet vacuumize process first, is finally electroplated using electroplating in ultrasonic field groove.The coating caused present invention, avoiding liberation of hydrogen effect plays drum, foaming, improves the antiseptic property of Fe-B rare-earth permanent magnet face coat, is expected to substitute existing neodymium iron boron electroplating anticorrosion technology, therefore with boundless application prospect.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to corrosion resistant surfaces processing technology field, more particularly to a kind of Fe-B rare-earth permanent magnet electroplating surface is applied
The preparation method of layer.
Background technology
Fe-B rare-earth permanent magnet is more and more applied with its excellent magnetic property, is widely used in automobile electricity
Mechanical, electrical terraced motor, energy-saving electric machine, the Magnetic resonance imaging of medical treatment, computer hard disc driver, the vibrating motor of mobile phone, sound equipment,
The motor of hybrid vehicle, wind-driven generator etc..
Because Fe-B rare-earth permanent magnet is oxidizable, in the use of above-mentioned Fe-B rare-earth permanent magnet it is general all need into
Row surface coated treatment.Widely used painting method is mainly plating at present, on neodymium iron boron matrix electrogalvanizing, electronickelling,
Electronickelling cupro-nickel etc..But neodymium iron boron magnetic body is typically to be prepared using powder metallurgical technique, therefore the matrix and metal of magnet
Material is compared, loose porous, contains substantial amounts of micropore.Liberation of hydrogen effect, the hydrogen of generation are had in pre-electroplating treatment and electroplating process
It can penetrate into, adsorb in the micropore of matrix surface, after this matrix surface plating last layer coating for oozing hydrogen or inhaling hydrogen, when covering plating
During layer environment temperature rise, the hydrogen of absorption can be excessive because expanding, and a kind of pressure is produced to coating, coating is departed from matrix and convex
Rise, formed drum, foaming, caused coating to fail, have a strong impact on the antiseptic power of coating.Because neodymium iron boron matrix surface contains greatly
Amount micropore, it is loose be that preparation technology is determined, and liberation of hydrogen effect be also in electroplating process inevitably, therefore rare earth is forever at present
The electroplating quality of magnet all the time can not be compared with common metal matrix electroplating quality, and this shortcoming also seriously constrains it in electricity
The fields such as mechanical, electrical son, Aero-Space are further applied.
The content of the invention
The problem of existing for prior art, the present invention provides a kind of system of Fe-B rare-earth permanent magnet electroplating surface coating
Preparation Method, it is therefore an objective to which the coating for avoiding liberation of hydrogen effect from causing plays drum, foaming, improves the anti-of Fe-B rare-earth permanent magnet face coat
Rotten performance.
The preparation method of the Fe-B rare-earth permanent magnet electroplating surface coating of the present invention, is followed the steps below：
（1）Fe-B rare-earth permanent magnet surface preparation：
When Fe-B rare-earth permanent magnet volume is less than 0.5cm3When, oil removing and pickling are carried out to Fe-B rare-earth permanent magnet surface；
When Fe-B rare-earth permanent magnet volume is more than 1cm3When, sandblasting is carried out to Fe-B rare-earth permanent magnet surface；
When Fe-B rare-earth permanent magnet volume is in 0.5 ~ cm3Between when, carry out oil removing and pickling or sandblasting；
Wherein, described oil removing be on Fe-B rare-earth permanent magnet surface, using metal cleaning solution at 40 ~ 80 DEG C oil removing 5 ~
60min；Pickling is to use pH value for 1 ~ 5 dilute sulfuric acid or watery hydrochloric acid, 1 ~ 120s of pickling, is then dried at room temperature ~ 100 DEG C；
Described sandblasting is to use spray gun that granularity is sprayed onto into Fe-B rare-earth permanent magnet surface for the fine sand of 400 ~ 1000 mesh, by magnetic
The oxide layer in body surface face is removed, untill exposing linen fresh surface；
（2）Fe-B rare-earth permanent magnet vacuumize process：
Fe-B rare-earth permanent magnet through surface preparation is put into hermetically sealed can, polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) painting is surrounded by inside hermetically sealed can
It is that vacuum-pumping tube and electroplate liquid access tube, vacuum-pumping tube and electroplate liquid are connected on sealed tank cap, sealed tank cap at the top of layer, hermetically sealed can
Valve is designed with access tube；
Fe-B rare-earth permanent magnet is put into after hermetically sealed can, and sealed tank cap is covered, and is opened the valve on vacuum-pumping tube and is carried out taking out true
It is empty to vacuum 10-1Below Pa, the valve closed on vacuum-pumping tube opens the valve on electroplate liquid access tube, into hermetically sealed can
Electroplate liquid is passed through, untill Fe-B rare-earth permanent magnet is totally immersed into plating solution, is then taken out Fe-B rare-earth permanent magnet at once
Electroplated；
（3）Fe-B rare-earth permanent magnet electroplating surface：Electroplated using electroplating in ultrasonic field groove, electroplating in ultrasonic field groove is in plating
Trench bottom installs ultrasonic wave generating box, and plating uses barrel plating technique or rack plating process；
Wherein, described barrel plating technique detailed process is：
（a）Fe-B rare-earth permanent magnet after vacuumize process is fitted into electro-plating roller, and mixes steel ball as filler, by electricity
Plating roller is put into electroplating in ultrasonic field groove；
（b）Rotating cylinder rotating speed is 5-60 rpm, opens ultrasonic wave generating box power supply and electroplating power supply, proceeds by barrel plating；
（c）Bath temperature control is at 35-50 DEG C during barrel plating, and pH value is controlled between 1-6, and barrel plating 5-120 min obtain thickness
Spend the Fe-B rare-earth permanent magnet electroplating surface coating for 0.1 ~ 40 μm；
Described rack plating process detailed process is：
（a）Volume is more than 2 cm3Vacuumize process after Fe-B rare-earth permanent magnet be put on rack plating frame, be put into after clipping
In electroplating in ultrasonic field groove；
（b）Ultrasonic wave generating box power supply and electroplating power supply are opened, rack plating is proceeded by；
（c）Bath temperature control is at 35-50 DEG C, and pH value is controlled between 2 and 6, rack plating 5-120 min, and it is 0.1 ~ 40 that thickness, which is made,
μm 0.1 ~ 40 μm of Fe-B rare-earth permanent magnet electroplating surface coating.
Wherein, the spray painting pressure of described spray gun is 1 ~ 15MPa.
In described electro-plating roller by volume, Fe-B rare-earth permanent magnet：Steel ball=（1~10）：4, steel ball it is a diameter of
0.1~1cm。
Described plating solution is business Ni, Cu or Zn plating solutions, and described electroplated coating is Ni, Cu, Zn coating or Ni-Cu-Ni
Composite deposite, when preparing Ni-Cu-Ni composite deposites, barrel plating or rack plating is first carried out in Ni bath troughs, Cu plating solutions are being transferred to
Groove carries out barrel plating or rack plating, eventually passes back to carry out barrel plating or rack plating in Ni bath troughs.
A kind of preparation method of Fe-B rare-earth permanent magnet surface metal electroplated coating of the present invention, has the characteristics that：
（1）Because neodymium iron boron matrix contains substantial amounts of micropore, in these micropores in pretreatment process, hydrogen aggregation is had, or
There is air residual, the residual for causing micro-porous area in plating stage can not be excluded, and air and hydrogen can be caused to remain in micropore, plate
Layer is internal, once outside temperature is raised, gas expansion makes coating play drum, foaming, or even cracking, influences the antiseptic property of coating.
The present invention adds the vacuumize process of neodymium iron boron matrix, vacuum reaches 10 after pretreatment process-1Below Pa, by neodymium iron boron
Hydrogen in matrix micropore is extracted out, it is to avoid workpiece before immersion electroplating bath contains air and hydrogen in micropore；
（2）Liberation of hydrogen effect is easily produced in electroplating process, these hydrogen separated out can be gathered in the micropore of matrix, remained after plating
Inside coating, once outside temperature is raised, gas expansion makes coating play drum, foaming, or even cracking, influences the anti-corrosion of coating
Performance.The present invention introduces ultrasonic wave in electroplating process, due to the airburst effect of ultrasonic wave, can shake by the hydrogen in micropore,
Avoid hydrogen from assembling in micropore, a drum, foaming that liberation of hydrogen effect is brought to coating, or even problem of Cracking can be prevented effectively from；
（3）Simultaneously as in the effect of ultrasonic wave, plating solution infiltration into microporous, micro-porous area can also plate coating, add coating
With the bonded area of matrix, therefore the adhesion of coating is improved, so as to obtain high-quality, closely knit anti-corrosion coating；
（4）The energy effect of ultrasonic wave, makes solution composition, pH value, temperature in bath trough etc. more uniform, causes around plating piece
Current density is basically identical, and coating can be made to be deposited evenly in matrix surface, the wall and corner effect of Common platings is reduced, it is to avoid
Corner coating blocked up shortcoming.
It is of the invention compared with existing electroplating technology, its advantage is it will be evident that showing as：
（1）The present invention electroplated using vacuumize process before workpiece, the hydrogen in neodymium iron boron matrix micropore is extracted out, it is to avoid workpiece
Contain air and hydrogen in micropore before immersion electroplating bath, reduce the probability that hydrogen is remained in micropore after plating；
（2）The present invention introduces ultrasonic wave as supplementary means in electroplating process, can be by electricity due to the airburst effect of ultrasonic wave
The hydrogen that plating liberation of hydrogen effect is produced shakes from micropore, and discharges outside plating solution, it is to avoid hydrogen is assembled in micropore, it is possible to prevente effectively from analysis
What hydrogen effect was brought to coating plays drum, foaming, or even problem of Cracking；
（3）Due to the effect of ultrasonic wave, wettability of the plating solution to micropore is improved, plating solution can be with infiltration into microporous, micropore area
Domain can also plate coating, add the bonded area of coating and matrix, therefore improve the adhesion of coating, so as to obtain height
Quality, closely knit anti-corrosion coating, significantly improve the antiseptic power on Fe-B rare-earth permanent magnet surface, increase the service life；
（4）The vibrations stirring action of ultrasonic wave makes solution composition, pH value, temperature in bath trough etc. more uniform, causes plating piece
Surrounding current density is basically identical, and coating can be made to be deposited evenly in matrix surface, the wall and corner effect of Common platings is reduced,
Avoid the blocked up shortcoming of corner coating；
（5）Due to neodymium iron boron magnetic body in fields such as electronics, information, motor, aviation, navigation, space flight all with important application, this hair
It is bright to be expected to substitute existing neodymium iron boron electroplating anticorrosion technology, therefore with boundless application prospect.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is Fe-B rare-earth permanent magnet vacuumize process schematic diagram in the present invention；
Wherein：1：Sealed tank cap；2：Seal can body；3：Vacuum-pumping tube valve；4：Vacuum-pumping tube；5：Electroplate liquid is passed through pipe valve
Door；6：Electroplate liquid access tube；
Fig. 2 is electroplating in ultrasonic field groove schematic diagram of the present invention；
Wherein：7：Ultrasonic wave generating box；8：Electroplating bath；
Fig. 3 is the concrete structure schematic diagram of ultrasonic wave generating box in Fig. 2；
Wherein：9：Ultrasonic transducer；10：Titanium shell；
Fig. 4 is that Zn layers and coating appearance comparison diagram in embodiment 1 are commercially plated in the embodiment of the present invention 8；
Wherein：A：Zn layers are plated in embodiment；B：Zn layers of business plating.
Embodiment
The plating metal coating Preparation equipment used in the embodiment of the present invention as shown in Figure 1, Figure 2 and Figure 3, in addition to barrel plating
Roller or rack plating hanger.
Electroplating bath, rotating plating cylinder, the rack plating hanger being related in the embodiment of the present invention belong to business equipment, can be from market
Purchase；Hermetically sealed can in Fig. 1 is home-built equipment, and anticorrosive PTFE layer, sealing are coated with a diameter of 500mm metal bucket
There are vacuum meter and two pipelines that tube valve 5 is passed through with vacuum-pumping tube valve 3 and electroplate liquid, wherein vacuum-pumping tube 4 on cover 1
It is connected with vacuum mechanical pump, electroplate liquid access tube 6 is connected with the plating liquid case prepared；
Electroplating in ultrasonic field groove is home-built equipment as shown in Figures 2 and 3, and some ultrasonic transducers 9 are welded into certain size
Ti plates on, welding transducing head quantity and Ti board sizes it is relevant with the power of ultrasonic transducer, generally compared with electroplating bath select
Relatively high power generator, it is that ultrasonic wave can shake the plating solution top layer of electroplating bath to select power principle, then will with welding procedure
Transducer is coated in the box of Ti plate welds i.e. titanium shell 10, the hole that the electric wire being connected with transducer is reserved by titanium shell 10
Hole is drawn, and is sealed up hole mouthful using polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), is prevented plating solution from penetrating into.
The Fe-B rare-earth permanent magnet used in the embodiment of the present invention is bought for business magnet from market, and the magnet trade mark is
40SH。
Embodiment 1
The preparation method of the Fe-B rare-earth permanent magnet electroplating surface coating of the present embodiment, is followed the steps below：
（1）Fe-B rare-earth permanent magnet surface preparation：
Sandblasting is carried out for 30mm × 30mm × 3mm Fe-B rare-earth permanent magnet surface to size, uses spray gun by granularity for 400
The fine sand of ~ 1000 mesh is sprayed onto Fe-B rare-earth permanent magnet surface, and the oxide layer of magnet surface is removed, and exposes linen fresh
Untill surface；
（2）Fe-B rare-earth permanent magnet vacuumize process：
Fe-B rare-earth permanent magnet through surface preparation is put into hermetically sealed can, polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) painting is surrounded by inside hermetically sealed can
It is that vacuum-pumping tube and electroplate liquid access tube, vacuum-pumping tube and electroplate liquid are connected on sealed tank cap, sealed tank cap at the top of layer, hermetically sealed can
Valve is designed with access tube；
Fe-B rare-earth permanent magnet is put into after hermetically sealed can, and sealed tank cap is covered, and is opened the valve on vacuum-pumping tube and is carried out taking out true
It is empty to vacuum 10-1Below Pa, the valve closed on vacuum-pumping tube opens the valve on electroplate liquid access tube, into hermetically sealed can
Electroplate liquid is passed through, untill Fe-B rare-earth permanent magnet is totally immersed into plating solution, is then taken out Fe-B rare-earth permanent magnet at once
Electroplated；
（3）Fe-B rare-earth permanent magnet electroplating surface：Electroplated using electroplating in ultrasonic field groove, plating uses rack plating process, will
Fe-B rare-earth permanent magnet is put on rack plating frame, is put into after clipping in electroplating in ultrasonic field groove, open ultrasonic transducer power supply and
Electroplating power supply, proceeds by rack plating, and plating solution is business Zn plating solutions, and temperature control is at 40 DEG C, and pH value 4, the min of rack plating 120 is made
Thickness is 20 μm of Fe-B rare-earth permanent magnet surface Zn coatings.
Embodiment 2
The preparation method of the Fe-B rare-earth permanent magnet electroplating surface coating of the present embodiment, is followed the steps below：
（1）Fe-B rare-earth permanent magnet surface preparation：
Sandblasting is carried out for 40mm × 20mm × 3mm Fe-B rare-earth permanent magnet surface to size, uses spray gun by granularity for 400
The fine sand of ~ 1000 mesh is sprayed onto Fe-B rare-earth permanent magnet surface, and the oxide layer of magnet surface is removed, and exposes linen fresh
Untill surface；
（2）Fe-B rare-earth permanent magnet vacuumize process：
Fe-B rare-earth permanent magnet through surface preparation is put into hermetically sealed can, polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) painting is surrounded by inside hermetically sealed can
It is that vacuum-pumping tube and electroplate liquid access tube, vacuum-pumping tube and electroplate liquid are connected on sealed tank cap, sealed tank cap at the top of layer, hermetically sealed can
Valve is designed with access tube；
Fe-B rare-earth permanent magnet is put into after hermetically sealed can, and sealed tank cap is covered, and is opened the valve on vacuum-pumping tube and is carried out taking out true
It is empty to vacuum 10-1Below Pa, the valve closed on vacuum-pumping tube opens the valve on electroplate liquid access tube, into hermetically sealed can
Electroplate liquid is passed through, untill Fe-B rare-earth permanent magnet is totally immersed into plating solution, is then taken out Fe-B rare-earth permanent magnet at once
Electroplated；
（3）Fe-B rare-earth permanent magnet electroplating surface：Electroplated using electroplating in ultrasonic field groove, plating uses rack plating process, will
Fe-B rare-earth permanent magnet is put on rack plating frame, is put into after clipping in electroplating in ultrasonic field groove, open ultrasonic transducer power supply and
Electroplating power supply, proceeds by rack plating, and plating solution is business Ni plating solutions, and temperature control is at 45 DEG C, and thickness is made in pH value 5, the min of rack plating 40
Spend the Fe-B rare-earth permanent magnet surface Ni coatings for 8 μm.
Embodiment 3
The preparation method of the Fe-B rare-earth permanent magnet electroplating surface coating of the present embodiment, is followed the steps below：
（1）Fe-B rare-earth permanent magnet surface preparation：
To size for 20mm × 20mm × 10mm Fe-B rare-earth permanent magnet surface carry out sandblasting, use spray gun by granularity for
The fine sand of 400 ~ 1000 mesh is sprayed onto Fe-B rare-earth permanent magnet surface, and the oxide layer of magnet surface is removed, and exposes linen
Untill fresh surface；
（2）Fe-B rare-earth permanent magnet vacuumize process：
Fe-B rare-earth permanent magnet through surface preparation is put into hermetically sealed can, polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) painting is surrounded by inside hermetically sealed can
It is that vacuum-pumping tube and electroplate liquid access tube, vacuum-pumping tube and electroplate liquid are connected on sealed tank cap, sealed tank cap at the top of layer, hermetically sealed can
Valve is designed with access tube；
Fe-B rare-earth permanent magnet is put into after hermetically sealed can, and sealed tank cap is covered, and is opened the valve on vacuum-pumping tube and is carried out taking out true
It is empty to vacuum 10-1Below Pa, the valve closed on vacuum-pumping tube opens the valve on electroplate liquid access tube, into hermetically sealed can
Electroplate liquid is passed through, untill Fe-B rare-earth permanent magnet is totally immersed into plating solution, is then taken out Fe-B rare-earth permanent magnet at once
Electroplated；
（3）Fe-B rare-earth permanent magnet electroplating surface：Electroplated using electroplating in ultrasonic field groove, plating uses rack plating process, will
Fe-B rare-earth permanent magnet is put on rack plating frame, is put into after clipping in electroplating in ultrasonic field groove, open ultrasonic transducer power supply and
Electroplating power supply, proceeds by rack plating, and plating solution is business Ni plating solutions, and temperature control is in 35 DEG C, pH value 2, the min of rack plating 20, by hanger
Taking-up is put into business Cu bath troughs, and pH value is 3, and temperature is 42 DEG C, is electroplated 10 minutes, then suspension member taking-up is put into business Ni platings
In liquid bath, pH value is 4, and temperature is 42 DEG C, is electroplated 30 minutes, and the Ni-Cu-Ni electroplated coatings that thickness is 10 μm are made.
Embodiment 4
The preparation method of the Fe-B rare-earth permanent magnet electroplating surface coating of the present embodiment, is followed the steps below：
（1）Fe-B rare-earth permanent magnet surface preparation：
Oil removing and pickling are carried out for 10mm × 10mm × 3mm Fe-B rare-earth permanent magnet surface to size, oil removing is in neodymium iron
Boron rare-earth permanent magnet surface, using metal cleaning solution at 40 DEG C oil removing 30min；Pickling is to use pH value for 2 dilute sulfuric acid, acid
100s is washed, is then dried at 25 DEG C of room temperature；
（2）Fe-B rare-earth permanent magnet vacuumize process：
Fe-B rare-earth permanent magnet through surface preparation is put into hermetically sealed can, polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) painting is surrounded by inside hermetically sealed can
It is that vacuum-pumping tube and electroplate liquid access tube, vacuum-pumping tube and electroplate liquid are connected on sealed tank cap, sealed tank cap at the top of layer, hermetically sealed can
Valve is designed with access tube；
Fe-B rare-earth permanent magnet is put into after hermetically sealed can, and sealed tank cap is covered, and is opened the valve on vacuum-pumping tube and is carried out taking out true
It is empty to vacuum 10-1Below Pa, the valve closed on vacuum-pumping tube opens the valve on electroplate liquid access tube, into hermetically sealed can
Electroplate liquid is passed through, untill Fe-B rare-earth permanent magnet is totally immersed into plating solution, is then taken out Fe-B rare-earth permanent magnet at once
Electroplated；
（3）Fe-B rare-earth permanent magnet electroplating surface：Electroplated using electroplating in ultrasonic field groove, plating uses barrel plating technique, will
Fe-B rare-earth permanent magnet is put into roller, according to magnet and packing volume ratio 1:2 add diameter 5mm steel balls as filler,
Roller is put into electroplating in ultrasonic field groove, opens ultrasonic transducer power supply and electroplating power supply, proceeds by barrel plating, and plating solution is business
Ni plating solutions, temperature control is at 38 DEG C, and roller is taken out and be put into business Cu bath troughs, pH value is 3 by pH value 2, the min of barrel plating 120,
Temperature is 42 DEG C, is electroplated 20 minutes, then suspension member taking-up is put into business Ni bath troughs, and pH value is 5, and temperature is 40 DEG C, plating
30 minutes, the Ni-Cu-Ni electroplated coatings that thickness is 11 μm are made.
Embodiment 5
The preparation method of the Fe-B rare-earth permanent magnet electroplating surface coating of the present embodiment, is followed the steps below：
（1）Fe-B rare-earth permanent magnet surface preparation：
Oil removing and pickling are carried out for 20mm × 10mm × 3mm Fe-B rare-earth permanent magnet surface to size, oil removing is in neodymium iron
Boron rare-earth permanent magnet surface, using metal cleaning solution at 80 DEG C oil removing 5min；Pickling is to use pH value for 1 watery hydrochloric acid, acid
10s is washed, is then dried at 50 DEG C；
（2）Fe-B rare-earth permanent magnet vacuumize process：
Fe-B rare-earth permanent magnet through surface preparation is put into hermetically sealed can, polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) painting is surrounded by inside hermetically sealed can
It is that vacuum-pumping tube and electroplate liquid access tube, vacuum-pumping tube and electroplate liquid are connected on sealed tank cap, sealed tank cap at the top of layer, hermetically sealed can
Valve is designed with access tube；
Fe-B rare-earth permanent magnet is put into after hermetically sealed can, and sealed tank cap is covered, and is opened the valve on vacuum-pumping tube and is carried out taking out true
It is empty to vacuum 10-1Below Pa, the valve closed on vacuum-pumping tube opens the valve on electroplate liquid access tube, into hermetically sealed can
Electroplate liquid is passed through, untill Fe-B rare-earth permanent magnet is totally immersed into plating solution, is then taken out Fe-B rare-earth permanent magnet at once
Electroplated；
（3）Fe-B rare-earth permanent magnet electroplating surface：Electroplated using electroplating in ultrasonic field groove, plating uses barrel plating technique, will
Fe-B rare-earth permanent magnet is put into roller, according to magnet and packing volume ratio 1:1 adds diameter 10mm steel balls as filler,
Roller is put into electroplating in ultrasonic field groove, opens ultrasonic transducer power supply and electroplating power supply, proceeds by barrel plating, and plating solution is business
Ni plating solutions, temperature control is at 45 DEG C, and the Ni electroplated coatings that thickness is 15 μm are made in pH value 6, the min of barrel plating 120.
Embodiment 6
The preparation method of the Fe-B rare-earth permanent magnet electroplating surface coating of the present embodiment, is followed the steps below：
（1）Fe-B rare-earth permanent magnet surface preparation：
Oil removing and pickling are carried out for 5mm × 5mm × 5mm Fe-B rare-earth permanent magnet surface to size, oil removing is in neodymium iron boron
Rare-earth permanent magnet surface, using metal cleaning solution at 40 DEG C oil removing 60min；Pickling is to use pH value for 5 dilute sulfuric acid, pickling
120s, is then dried at 100 DEG C；
（2）Fe-B rare-earth permanent magnet vacuumize process：
Fe-B rare-earth permanent magnet through surface preparation is put into hermetically sealed can, polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) painting is surrounded by inside hermetically sealed can
It is that vacuum-pumping tube and electroplate liquid access tube, vacuum-pumping tube and electroplate liquid are connected on sealed tank cap, sealed tank cap at the top of layer, hermetically sealed can
Valve is designed with access tube；
Fe-B rare-earth permanent magnet is put into after hermetically sealed can, and sealed tank cap is covered, and is opened the valve on vacuum-pumping tube and is carried out taking out true
It is empty to vacuum 10-1Below Pa, the valve closed on vacuum-pumping tube opens the valve on electroplate liquid access tube, into hermetically sealed can
Electroplate liquid is passed through, untill Fe-B rare-earth permanent magnet is totally immersed into plating solution, is then taken out Fe-B rare-earth permanent magnet at once
Electroplated；
（3）Fe-B rare-earth permanent magnet electroplating surface：Electroplated using electroplating in ultrasonic field groove, plating uses barrel plating technique, will
Fe-B rare-earth permanent magnet is put into roller, according to magnet and packing volume ratio 1:4 add diameter 1mm steel balls as filler,
Roller is put into electroplating in ultrasonic field groove, opens ultrasonic transducer power supply and electroplating power supply, proceeds by barrel plating, and plating solution is business
Zn plating solutions, temperature control is at 41 DEG C, and the Zn electroplated coatings that thickness is 12 μm are made in pH value 5.5, the min of barrel plating 60.
Embodiment 7
The preparation method of the Fe-B rare-earth permanent magnet electroplating surface coating of the present embodiment, is followed the steps below：
（1）Fe-B rare-earth permanent magnet surface preparation：
Oil removing and pickling are carried out for 15mm × 10mm × 3mm Fe-B rare-earth permanent magnet surface to size, oil removing is in neodymium iron
Boron rare-earth permanent magnet surface, using metal cleaning solution at 60 DEG C oil removing 20min；Pickling is to use pH value for 3 watery hydrochloric acid, acid
80s is washed, is then dried at 30 DEG C；
（2）Fe-B rare-earth permanent magnet vacuumize process：
Fe-B rare-earth permanent magnet through surface preparation is put into hermetically sealed can, polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) painting is surrounded by inside hermetically sealed can
It is that vacuum-pumping tube and electroplate liquid access tube, vacuum-pumping tube and electroplate liquid are connected on sealed tank cap, sealed tank cap at the top of layer, hermetically sealed can
Valve is designed with access tube；
Fe-B rare-earth permanent magnet is put into after hermetically sealed can, and sealed tank cap is covered, and is opened the valve on vacuum-pumping tube and is carried out taking out true
It is empty to vacuum 10-1Below Pa, the valve closed on vacuum-pumping tube opens the valve on electroplate liquid access tube, into hermetically sealed can
Electroplate liquid is passed through, untill Fe-B rare-earth permanent magnet is totally immersed into plating solution, is then taken out Fe-B rare-earth permanent magnet at once
Electroplated；
（3）Fe-B rare-earth permanent magnet electroplating surface：Electroplated using electroplating in ultrasonic field groove, plating uses barrel plating technique, will
Fe-B rare-earth permanent magnet is put into roller, according to magnet and packing volume ratio 1:1 adds diameter 8mm steel balls as filler,
Roller is put into electroplating in ultrasonic field groove, opens ultrasonic transducer power supply and electroplating power supply, proceeds by barrel plating, and plating solution is business
Ni plating solutions, temperature control is at 40 DEG C, and roller is taken out and be put into business Cu bath troughs, pH value is by pH value 3, the min of barrel plating 120
4.5, temperature is 42 DEG C, is electroplated 60 minutes, then roller taking-up is put into business Ni bath troughs, and pH value is 5, and temperature is 40 DEG C,
Plating 60 minutes, is made the Ni-Cu-Ni electroplated coatings that thickness is 20 μm.
Embodiment 8
It is super that surface prepared by the electroplating in ultrasonic field of embodiment 1 has prepared by Zn coatings Fe-B rare-earth permanent magnet and embodiment 2
Surface prepared by sound wave plating has Ni-Cu-Ni coatings Fe-B rare-earth permanent magnet and the business plating Zn and NiCuNi of purchase
The magnet of layer, it is common to carry out neutral salt spray test and PCT test.
The present embodiment neutral salt spray test condition is：5% NaCl solution, temperature is 35 DEG C, and splash speed is 1.5ml/
Hr, pH=6.5 ~ 7.2；PCT test condition is：120 DEG C, 100% humidity, in 2.0 atmospheric pressures.
The corrosion condition of sample is observed, the testing time of the sample is recorded when bubble, rust spot occurs in sample, the time is made
For the anti-corrosion time of the sample.Test result is as shown in table 1：
The contrast of sequence number 2 and sequence number 4 is as shown in figure 4, it can be seen from above-described embodiment that using the NdFeB rear-earth of the present invention
Permanent magnet surfaces pass through the coating of electroplating in ultrasonic field, and white color is bright, and coating surface is fine and smooth, and coating prepared by ordinary plating process
Surface undulation degree is larger（As shown in circled in Fig. 4 B）, by contrast it is apparent that the present invention is remarkably improved magnet
The binding ability of decay resistance and matrix and coating.
Claims (4)
1. a kind of preparation method of Fe-B rare-earth permanent magnet electroplating surface coating, it is characterised in that follow the steps below：
（1）Fe-B rare-earth permanent magnet surface preparation：
When Fe-B rare-earth permanent magnet volume is less than 0.5cm3When, oil removing and pickling are carried out to Fe-B rare-earth permanent magnet surface；
When Fe-B rare-earth permanent magnet volume is more than 1cm3When, sandblasting is carried out to Fe-B rare-earth permanent magnet surface；
When Fe-B rare-earth permanent magnet volume is in 0.5 ~ cm3Between when, carry out oil removing and pickling or sandblasting；
Wherein, described oil removing be on Fe-B rare-earth permanent magnet surface, using metal cleaning solution at 40 ~ 80 DEG C oil removing 5 ~
60min；Pickling is to use pH value for 1 ~ 5 dilute sulfuric acid or watery hydrochloric acid, 1 ~ 120s of pickling, is then dried at room temperature ~ 100 DEG C；
Described sandblasting is to use spray gun that granularity is sprayed onto into Fe-B rare-earth permanent magnet surface for the fine sand of 400 ~ 1000 mesh, by magnetic
The oxide layer in body surface face is removed, untill exposing linen fresh surface；
（2）Fe-B rare-earth permanent magnet vacuumize process：
Fe-B rare-earth permanent magnet through surface preparation is put into hermetically sealed can, polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) painting is surrounded by inside hermetically sealed can
It is that vacuum-pumping tube and electroplate liquid access tube, vacuum-pumping tube and electroplate liquid are connected on sealed tank cap, sealed tank cap at the top of layer, hermetically sealed can
Valve is designed with access tube；
Fe-B rare-earth permanent magnet is put into after hermetically sealed can, and sealed tank cap is covered, and is opened the valve on vacuum-pumping tube and is carried out taking out true
It is empty to vacuum 10-1Below Pa, the valve closed on vacuum-pumping tube opens the valve on electroplate liquid access tube, into hermetically sealed can
Electroplate liquid is passed through, untill Fe-B rare-earth permanent magnet is totally immersed into plating solution, is then taken out Fe-B rare-earth permanent magnet at once
Electroplated；
（3）Fe-B rare-earth permanent magnet electroplating surface：Electroplated using electroplating in ultrasonic field groove, electroplating in ultrasonic field groove is in plating
Trench bottom installs ultrasonic wave generating box, and plating uses barrel plating technique or rack plating process；
Wherein, described barrel plating technique detailed process is：
（a）Fe-B rare-earth permanent magnet after vacuumize process is fitted into electro-plating roller, and mixes steel ball as filler, by electricity
Plating roller is put into electroplating in ultrasonic field groove；
（b）Rotating cylinder rotating speed is 5-60 rpm, opens ultrasonic wave generating box power supply and electroplating power supply, proceeds by barrel plating；
（c）Bath temperature control is at 35-50 DEG C during barrel plating, and pH value is controlled between 1-6, and barrel plating 5-120 min obtain thickness
Spend the Fe-B rare-earth permanent magnet electroplating surface coating for 0.1 ~ 40 μm；
Described rack plating process detailed process is：
（a）Volume is more than 2 cm3Vacuumize process after Fe-B rare-earth permanent magnet be put on rack plating frame, be put into after clipping
In electroplating in ultrasonic field groove；
（b）Ultrasonic wave generating box power supply and electroplating power supply are opened, rack plating is proceeded by；
（c）Bath temperature control is at 35-50 DEG C, and pH value is controlled between 2 and 6, rack plating 5-120 min, and it is 0.1 ~ 40 that thickness, which is made,
μm 0.1 ~ 40 μm of Fe-B rare-earth permanent magnet electroplating surface coating.
2. a kind of preparation method of Fe-B rare-earth permanent magnet electroplating surface coating according to claim 1, its feature exists
In described spray gun spray painting pressure be 1 ~ 15MPa.
3. a kind of preparation method of Fe-B rare-earth permanent magnet electroplating surface coating according to claim 1, its feature exists
In described electro-plating roller by volume, Fe-B rare-earth permanent magnet：Steel ball=（1~10）：4, steel ball a diameter of 0.1 ~
1cm。
4. a kind of preparation method of Fe-B rare-earth permanent magnet electroplating surface coating according to claim 1, its feature exists
It is business Ni, Cu or Zn plating solutions in described plating solution, described electroplated coating is Ni, Cu, Zn coating or Ni-Cu-Ni Composite Coatings
Layer, when preparing Ni-Cu-Ni composite deposites, first carries out barrel plating or rack plating in Ni bath troughs, is carried out being transferred to Cu bath troughs
Barrel plating or rack plating, eventually pass back to carry out barrel plating or rack plating in Ni bath troughs.
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| CN107610857A (en) * | 2017-10-22 | 2018-01-19 | 苏州南尔材料科技有限公司 | A kind of method of the samarium-cobalt permanent-magnetic material with electroplated coating |
| CN107785142A (en) * | 2017-10-31 | 2018-03-09 | 苏州南尔材料科技有限公司 | A kind of preparation method of the iron nickel soft magnetic materials with high antiseptic power |
| CN107799291A (en) * | 2017-10-22 | 2018-03-13 | 苏州南尔材料科技有限公司 | A kind of preparation method of the manganese bismuth permanent-magnet material with electrodeposited coating |
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| CN110093646A (en) * | 2019-04-26 | 2019-08-06 | 厦门建霖健康家居股份有限公司 | A kind of electro-plating method of magnetic structure |
| CN111411380A (en) * | 2020-04-15 | 2020-07-14 | 安徽大地熊新材料股份有限公司 | Electroplating process |
| CN112795860A (en) * | 2020-04-27 | 2021-05-14 | 天津京磁电子元件制造有限公司 | Preparation method of anti-corrosion protective coating on surface of sintered neodymium-iron-boron magnet |
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| CN107610857A (en) * | 2017-10-22 | 2018-01-19 | 苏州南尔材料科技有限公司 | A kind of method of the samarium-cobalt permanent-magnetic material with electroplated coating |
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| CN111411380A (en) * | 2020-04-15 | 2020-07-14 | 安徽大地熊新材料股份有限公司 | Electroplating process |
| CN112795860A (en) * | 2020-04-27 | 2021-05-14 | 天津京磁电子元件制造有限公司 | Preparation method of anti-corrosion protective coating on surface of sintered neodymium-iron-boron magnet |
| CN112795860B (en) * | 2020-04-27 | 2022-04-26 | 天津京磁电子元件制造有限公司 | Preparation method of anti-corrosion protective coating on surface of sintered neodymium-iron-boron magnet |
| CN114875353A (en) * | 2022-04-27 | 2022-08-09 | 宁波同创强磁材料有限公司 | Preparation method of high-corrosion-resistance sintered neodymium-iron-boron magnet |
| CN114875353B (en) * | 2022-04-27 | 2024-03-19 | 宁波同创强磁材料有限公司 | Preparation method of high-corrosion-resistance sintered NdFeB magnet |
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