CN107795993A - A kind of micro-combustor for possessing multilayer wall structure - Google Patents

A kind of micro-combustor for possessing multilayer wall structure Download PDF

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Publication number
CN107795993A
CN107795993A CN201710997524.6A CN201710997524A CN107795993A CN 107795993 A CN107795993 A CN 107795993A CN 201710997524 A CN201710997524 A CN 201710997524A CN 107795993 A CN107795993 A CN 107795993A
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
wall
micro
combustor
gas access
designed
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Pending
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CN201710997524.6A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
范爱武
杨巍
刘伟
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Huazhong University of Science and Technology
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Huazhong University of Science and Technology
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Priority to CN201710997524.6A priority Critical patent/CN107795993A/en
Publication of CN107795993A publication Critical patent/CN107795993A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23DBURNERS
    • F23D14/00Burners for combustion of a gas, e.g. of a gas stored under pressure as a liquid
    • F23D14/26Burners for combustion of a gas, e.g. of a gas stored under pressure as a liquid with provision for a retention flame
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23DBURNERS
    • F23D14/00Burners for combustion of a gas, e.g. of a gas stored under pressure as a liquid
    • F23D14/46Details, e.g. noise reduction means
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23DBURNERS
    • F23D14/00Burners for combustion of a gas, e.g. of a gas stored under pressure as a liquid
    • F23D14/46Details, e.g. noise reduction means
    • F23D14/66Preheating the combustion air or gas
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E20/00Combustion technologies with mitigation potential
    • Y02E20/34Indirect CO2mitigation, i.e. by acting on non CO2directly related matters of the process, e.g. pre-heating or heat recovery

Abstract

The invention belongs to gas combustion apparatus association area, more specifically, it is related to a kind of micro-combustor for possessing multilayer wall structure, it includes the gas access to communicate with each other and offgas outlet, and positioned at the combustion chamber between both, wherein the burner, which is used to surround, forms the whole wall of gas access, offgas outlet and combustion chamber and is collectively constituted from inside to outside by double-decker, wherein the thermal conductivity factor of the first wall in inner side is designed to the thermal conductivity factor for being higher than the second wall in outside;In addition, the combustion chamber is also machined with multiple cavitys in the position of neighbouring gas access, these cavitys keep being symmetrically disposed on the first wall.By the present invention, efficiency of combustion and steady combustion scope can be further improved compared with existing equipment, be provided simultaneously with it is compact-sized, the advantage such as be easy to manufacture and use, be widely applicable.

Description

A kind of micro-combustor for possessing multilayer wall structure
Technical field
The invention belongs to gas combustion apparatus association area, possesses the micro- of multilayer wall structure more particularly, to a kind of Microburner, it is suitable to provide thermal source or high temperature source of the gas in the form of gas burns for all kinds of microminiature power set, simultaneously Possesses the features such as wide compact-sized, steady combustion scope and high combustion efficiency.
Background technology
With the fast development of micro-processing technology, various portable microcomputer electric systems (such as microrobot and mobile phone) Continued to bring out with minute vehicle (such as micro-satellite, MAV).Traditional electrochemical cell exist volume and weight it is big, The shortcomings of energy density is small, the charging interval is long, the more and more not competent use in these fields.In comparison, hydrogen and The energy density (energy that every kilogram of energy is contained) of hydrocarbon fuels is for chemical cell high tens to upper Hundred times.For example, the energy density of liquid octane is about 45MJ/kg, and state-of-the-art lithium battery energy density is about 1.2MJ/kg, The former is 37.5 times of the latter.Therefore, the micro power systems based on burning receive extensive concern.
At present, researchers be manufactured that low-grade fever photovoltaic generating system, low-grade fever electric system, micro- combustion gas turbine, micro- turn Sub- engine, micromass culture system, etc..In all these systems, micro-burner is its core component.But, on the one hand, With the diminution of burner dimensions, the ratio of its surface area and volume increased dramatically (for conventional yardstick about big two to Three orders of magnitude) so that have in the heat of combustion process release and greatly lost by outside wall surface;On the other hand, Because residence time of the admixture of gas in micro-burner is extremely short, often no time enough is filled for fuel and oxidant Divide reaction, heat has little time to discharge completely.Factors above causes micro-burner to face, and flame holding is deteriorated and efficiency of combustion drops Low huge challenge.
For above-mentioned challenge, some solutions have been proposed in the prior art.For example, Sitzki L etc. propose one Burner (the Combustion in microscale heat- of kind " swiss roll (Swiss-Roll) " structure recirculating burners.Proceedings of the Third Asia-Pacific Conference on Combustion.Seoul, Korea, June 24-27,2001), wherein employing thermal cycle principle to stablize flame; CN200910241592.5 proposes a kind of counter flow heat exchange catalytic burner of no igniter, wherein convolution knot can be used by disclosing The blast tube of structure increases the specific surface area of catalyst.And for example, present inventor's early stage is in CN201110057146.6 A kind of micro-combustor is proposed, which discloses to use and sets up the forms such as multiple preheating channels and bluff body so that burning effect Rate and steady combustion scope are lifted.In addition, CN200810123660.3 disclose it is a kind of efficient for minitype heat optoelectronic system Porous media combustor, and point out to stablize flame by the thermal cycle of porous media solid skeletal and improve efficiency of combustion.
However, further investigations have shown that, above-mentioned existing scheme still suffers from the defects of following or deficiency:First, this kind of combustion The structure of burner is still relative complex, accordingly causes to process or assembles the problems such as difficult, manufacturing cost is high and operation is inconvenient;Secondly, This kind equipment in actual test, often occur catalyst at high temperature easily melt, lump, or due to the CO in flue gas and Phenomena such as losing activity;Finally, this kind equipment fails to take into full account the association between thermal cycle and radiation loss in practice Tune problem, and cause efficiency of combustion and steady combustion scope lifting by a definite limitation.Correspondingly, this area, which is needed badly, makes to this into one The research and improvement of step, preferably to meet the requirements at the higher level in modern production.
The content of the invention
For the above weak point and Improvement requirement of prior art, the invention provides one kind to possess multilayer wall structure Micro-combustor, wherein by combining the microminiature power set application characteristics of itself, and fully take into account thermal cycle with The wall tectonic sieving of the microminiature gas burner is to possess different heat conduction by the coordination problem between radiation loss, specific aim The multilayer hetero-structure of coefficient, while the structure and set-up mode of its multiple key structural parameters and supporting steady combustion element are entered Row is improved, and efficiency of combustion accordingly can be further improved with existing equipment compared with and surely fires scope, is provided simultaneously with compact-sized, just In manufacture and the advantage such as use, widely applicable, the combustion of such as MEMS or minute vehicle etc is therefore particularly suitable for Burn energy supply occasion.
To achieve the above object, it is proposed, according to the invention, a kind of micro-combustor for possessing multilayer wall structure is provided, should Micro-combustor is plate or cylindrical structure, and the gas access including communicating with each other and offgas outlet, and is located at Combustion chamber between both, it is characterised in that:
The burner be used to surround formed the whole wall of the gas access, offgas outlet and combustion chamber from inside to outside by Double-decker collectively constitutes, wherein the thermal conductivity factor of the first wall in inner side is designed to be higher than the second wall in outside The thermal conductivity factor in face, and the thickness of first wall is designed to the thickness more than second wall;
In addition, the combustion chamber is also machined with multiple cavitys, the cavity holding pair in the position of the neighbouring gas access It is arranged on first wall with claiming.
Conceive more than, because the wall of whole burner is divided into double-decker and to its key structural parameters Specific restriction is made that, accordingly in whole gas combustion process, employing the internal layer wall of more high heat conductive material can show The thermal cycle amount improved from combustion high temperature gas upstream wall is write, fully strengthens the pre-heat effect to unburned mixture;With this The outer layer wall for employing more low thermal conductivity material simultaneously then further reduces the radiation loss of burner outwardly environment Amount, actual test shows further improve flame holding, even if can also obtain very high combustion under very big intake velocity Burn efficiency;On the other hand, by setting up the multiple cavitys for keeping being symmetrically distributed on internal layer wall, additionally it is possible to provide combustion gas stop Region makes its flame more stable, extends residence time of the combustion gas in burner, accordingly in order to manipulating and beneficial to processing The mode of maintenance obtains further lifting to cause efficiency of combustion and surely fire scope.
As it is further preferred that the thermal conductivity factor of first wall is preferably designed to >=10W/ (mK) scope, And preferably by heat-resistance stainless steel, carborundum, silicon nitride or other be made similar to material;The thermal conductivity factor of second wall is preferred Be designed to≤1.0W/ (mK) scope, and preferably by quartz or other be made similar to material.
As it is further preferred that the thickness of first wall be preferably designed for 2 times of second wall thickness with On, more preferably 2.5 times~3.0 times.
As it is further preferred that the quantity of the cavity is preferably designed for 2, and these cavitys are apart from the gas The distance of entrance is preferably designed for the 1/4~1/2 of whole burner overall length.
As it is further preferred that for each cavity, it is preferably designed the section for possessing right-angled trapezium Construction, and wherein relatively short waist is located at the side of the neighbouring gas access, and relatively long waist is away from institute State the opposite side of gas access.
As it is further preferred that the application of above-mentioned micro-combustor be preferably portable microcomputer electric system or Minute vehicle.
In general, by the contemplated above technical scheme of the present invention compared with prior art, mainly possess following Technological merit:
1st, first consisted in by the combination microminiature power set application characteristic of itself, key improvements of the invention by entirety The wall of burner is designed as double-decker, so on the one hand can make full use of interior sidewall surface to improve from the High Temperature Gas after burning The thermal cycle amount of body upstream wall, strengthen the pre-heat effect to unburned mixture, on the other hand synchronously make use of outer side surface To reduce the radiation loss amount of burner outwardly environment, and be advantageous to improve flame holding, therefore the present invention can be more preferable Ground solves coordination problem of the micro-combustor between thermal cycle and radiation loss;
2nd, cavity present invention is alternatively directed to property is symmetrically arranged with above-mentioned interior sidewall surface, while to its concrete structure and pass Bond parameter etc. gives further research, and actual test shows accordingly can not only produce in the cavity of multiple ad-hoc locations Raw recirculating zone and low regime, preferably play the effect of stable flame root, but also can effectively extend mixed gas whole Residence time in individual burner, thus further improve efficiency of combustion;
3rd, according to the micro-combustor compact overall structure of the present invention, be easy to manufacture and use, widely applicable, cost It is low, and it is not only suitable for hydrogen, other all gas hydrocarbons such as methane are also applied for, are therefore particularly suitable for such as The burning energy supply occasion of MEMS or minute vehicle etc.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the unitary construction schematic diagram according to the micro-combustor constructed by the preferred embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is that the curve that efficiency of combustion comparison is carried out according to embodiments of the invention and multiple individual layer wall burners is illustrated Figure;
Fig. 3 is that the curve compared with carrying out radiation loss amount with multiple individual layer wall burners according to embodiments of the invention shows It is intended to;
Fig. 4 is that the curve compared with carrying out thermal cycle amount with multiple individual layer wall burners according to embodiments of the invention is illustrated Figure;
In all of the figs, identical reference is used for representing identical element or structure, wherein:
1- gas accesses 2- offgas outlet 3- cavitys 4- the first wall the second walls of 5-
Embodiment
In order to make the purpose , technical scheme and advantage of the present invention be clearer, it is right below in conjunction with drawings and Examples The present invention is further elaborated.It should be appreciated that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the present invention, and It is not used in the restriction present invention.As long as in addition, technical characteristic involved in each embodiment of invention described below Conflict can is not formed each other to be mutually combined.
Fig. 1 is the unitary construction schematic diagram according to the micro-combustor constructed by the preferred embodiment of the present invention.Such as Fig. 1 institutes Show, the micro-combustor is, for example, plate or cylindrical structure, and the main gas access 1 for including communicating with each other and tail gas go out Mouth 2, and positioned at basic modules such as the combustion chambers between both.To its improvements be provided with specific explanations explanation below.
Referring to Fig. 1, the burner be used to surround formed the whole wall of the gas access, offgas outlet and combustion chamber from It is interior to being collectively constituted outside by double-decker, wherein the thermal conductivity factor of the first wall 4 in inner side is designed to be higher than in outer The thermal conductivity factor of second wall 5 of side, and the thickness of first wall 4 is designed to the thickness more than second wall 5;
In addition, the combustion chamber is also machined with multiple cavitys 3 in the position of the neighbouring gas access 1, the cavity 3 is kept It is symmetrically disposed on first wall 4.
More specifically, here is a specific embodiment according to the present invention.
The burner is for example, plate, and the equivalent proportion that hydrogen/air mixes gas is φ=0.4.Lower wall on burner Interplanar distance is W1=1mm, burner overall length are L0=10mm, cavity depth are W2=1mm, cavity length are L2=3mm, cavity Rear wall inclination angle is θ=45 °, and cavity is from being L with a distance from burner inlet1=3mm.In addition, burner internal layer wall is using carbonization Silicon materials, outer layer wall use quartz material, and the two can bear more than 1700K high temperature.The wherein thermal conductivity factor of carborundum It is 1.05W/ (mK) for 32.8W/ (mK), quartzy thermal conductivity factor.
By using general CFD software for calculation Fluent, and using hydrogen and the detailed chemical reaction machine of oxygen reaction Reason (including 19 reversible reactions and 13 kinds of constituent elements) has carried out numerical simulation to the combustion process in the present invention, and with being respectively adopted The burner of individual layer carborundum and individual layer quartz wall is compared.
First, the efficiency of combustion of three burners is as shown in Figure 2 with the changing rule of intake velocity.Figure it is seen that With the increase of intake velocity, efficiency of combustion of the invention will be high than other two individual layer flat-plate burners.For example, enter gas velocity Spend for 28m/s when, the efficiency of other two individual layer wall burners below 90%, and the present invention incendiary effect remain to tie up Hold more than 92%.This is primarily due to the design of double-deck wall, on the one hand suitably reduces radiation loss amount (referring to figure 3), while it adds somewhat to thermal cycle amount (referring to Fig. 4).Calculate it is also shown that the blow-off limit of the present invention can reach More than 40m/s.These demonstrate that the burner of the present invention has the advantages of efficient, surely to fire.
To sum up, according to the wall of burner of the present invention due to being divided into double-decker and its key structural parameters is done Specific restriction is gone out, accordingly in whole gas combustion process, the internal layer wall for employing more high heat conductive material can be notable The thermal cycle amount from combustion high temperature gas upstream wall is improved, fully strengthens the pre-heat effect to unburned mixture;It is same with this When employ the outer layer wall of more low thermal conductivity material and then further reduce the radiation loss amount of burner outwardly environment, Actual test shows further improve flame holding, even if can also obtain very high burning effect under very big intake velocity Rate;On the other hand, by setting up the multiple cavitys for keeping being symmetrically distributed on internal layer wall, additionally it is possible to provide combustion gas dwell regions To make its flame more stable, while residence time of the admixture of gas in burner can be extended, accordingly in order to manipulating and Beneficial to the mode that processing is safeguarded further lifting is obtained to cause efficiency of combustion and surely fire scope.
As it will be easily appreciated by one skilled in the art that the foregoing is merely illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, not to The limitation present invention, all any modification, equivalent and improvement made within the spirit and principles of the invention etc., all should be included Within protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (5)

1. a kind of micro-combustor for possessing multilayer wall structure, the micro-combustor is plate or cylindrical structure, And the gas access including communicating with each other (1) and offgas outlet (2), and exist positioned at the combustion chamber between both, its feature In:
The burner is used to surround the whole wall for forming the gas access, offgas outlet and combustion chamber from inside to outside by bilayer Structure collectively constitutes, wherein the thermal conductivity factor of the first wall (4) in inner side is designed to be higher than the second wall in outside The thermal conductivity factor in face (5), and the thickness of first wall (4) is designed to the thickness more than second wall (5);
In addition, the combustion chamber is also machined with multiple cavitys (3) in the position of the neighbouring gas access (1), the cavity (3) is protected Hold and be symmetrically disposed on first wall (4).
2. micro-combustor as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that the thermal conductivity factor of first wall (4) is preferred Be designed to >=10W/ (mK) scope, and preferably by heat-resistance stainless steel, carborundum, silicon nitride or other similar to material system Into;The thermal conductivity factor of second wall (5) is preferably designed to≤1.0W/ (mK) scope, and preferably by quartz or other Similar material is made.
3. micro-combustor as claimed in claim 1 or 2, it is characterised in that the thickness of first wall (4) is preferably set It is calculated as more than 2 times of second wall thickness, more preferably 2.5 times~3.0 times.
4. the micro-combustor as described in claim 1-3 any one, it is characterised in that the quantity of the cavity (3) is excellent Choosing is designed as 2, and distance of these cavitys apart from the gas access (1) is preferably designed for the 1/ of whole burner overall length 4~1/2.
5. micro-combustor as claimed in claim 4, it is characterised in that for each cavity (3), its is preferred It is designed the profile construction for possessing right-angled trapezium, and wherein relatively short waist is located at the neighbouring gas access (1) Side, and opposite side of the relatively long waist away from the gas access (1).
CN201710997524.6A 2017-10-24 2017-10-24 A kind of micro-combustor for possessing multilayer wall structure Pending CN107795993A (en)

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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN109163326A (en) * 2018-07-09 2019-01-08 江苏大学 A kind of micro-burner of controllable flame location
CN109991228A (en) * 2019-03-13 2019-07-09 华中科技大学 A kind of visual pressurization discrete particle kinetics experimental system

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CN103475268A (en) * 2013-09-03 2013-12-25 华中科技大学 Micro-burning electric generating device
CN105066127A (en) * 2015-08-25 2015-11-18 江苏大学 Micro combustor with built-in cross partition plate

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
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CN101061349A (en) * 2004-11-19 2007-10-24 英美烟草(投资)有限公司 Gas micro burner
CN1888533A (en) * 2006-07-18 2007-01-03 中国科学院广州能源研究所 Low-heat loss micro-scale burner
TW201132913A (en) * 2010-03-29 2011-10-01 Guan-Bang Chen Catalyst combustion device with micro-channels
CN103475268A (en) * 2013-09-03 2013-12-25 华中科技大学 Micro-burning electric generating device
CN105066127A (en) * 2015-08-25 2015-11-18 江苏大学 Micro combustor with built-in cross partition plate

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Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN109163326A (en) * 2018-07-09 2019-01-08 江苏大学 A kind of micro-burner of controllable flame location
CN109991228A (en) * 2019-03-13 2019-07-09 华中科技大学 A kind of visual pressurization discrete particle kinetics experimental system
CN109991228B (en) * 2019-03-13 2020-08-28 华中科技大学 Visual pressurization discrete particle reaction kinetics experiment system

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Application publication date: 20180313