CN107793124B

CN107793124B - Preparation method of celadon

Info

Publication number: CN107793124B
Application number: CN201711163663.5A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 金乾华; 李启岳; 梅景丰; 金建峰
Original assignee: Longquan Jinhong Porcelain Co ltd
Current assignee: Longquan Jinhong Porcelain Co ltd
Priority date: 2017-11-21
Filing date: 2017-11-21
Publication date: 2021-09-14
Anticipated expiration: 2037-11-21
Also published as: CN107793124A

Abstract

The invention discloses a preparation method of celadon, which adopts mineral raw materials and high polymer materials to prepare a blank and glaze, wherein the blank comprises a component A, a component B and a component C, and the preparation method comprises the following steps: s1: preparing a component A, a component B and a component C; s2: preparing a sizing agent of the blank; s3: forming a blank body; s4: biscuit firing: the bisque firing comprises a first stage, a second stage and a third stage; the temperature interval of the second stage is 200-600 degrees, the temperature rise speed is 1-2 degrees/min, the air pressure in the kiln is kept at 0.2-0.3MPa, and the temperature is kept for 20-30 minutes when the temperature rises to 600 degrees; s5: preparing glaze slip of glaze; s6: glazing; and S7, glaze firing. The preparation method of the invention has low production cost and is suitable for batch production, and the yield is improved by reasonably controlling the heating speed, the air pressure in the kiln and the treatment time in different stages of biscuit firing and glaze firing, so that the produced celadon has high strength, is not easy to break, and has fine and smooth porcelain quality and high luster.

Description

Preparation method of celadon

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of porcelain, and particularly relates to a preparation method of celadon.

Background

The Longquan celadon is a traditional porcelain treasure with Chinese characteristics, and in the period of the south to the north, the Longquan in Zhejiang utilizes local superior natural conditions to manufacture the celadon, and the Longquan celadon is known as a bright pearl of the porcelain garden by the green color of the Longquan celadon, such as jade, light mirror and sound, and is popular with all national celadon enthusiasts.

However, the existing preparation method of Longquan celadon has high cost and low yield, and is not suitable for batch production.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention provides a preparation method of celadon, aiming at overcoming the defects of the prior art, and the preparation method has the advantages of low production cost, high yield and suitability for batch production.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:

the celadon is prepared from a mineral raw material and a high polymer material to prepare a blank and a glaze, wherein the blank comprises a component A, a component B and a component C, and the preparation method comprises the following steps: s1: preparing a component A, a component B and a component C; s2: preparing a sizing agent of the blank; s3: forming a blank body; preparing a blank body by slip casting of the slurry prepared by the step S4, placing the blank body in a ventilated environment, and airing for 4-6 days, wherein the temperature is kept at 20-28 degrees; s4: biscuit firing: the bisque firing comprises a first stage, a second stage and a third stage; the temperature interval of the second stage is 200-600 degrees, the temperature rise speed is 1-2 degrees/min, the air pressure in the kiln is kept at 0.2-0.3MPa, and the temperature is kept for 20-30 minutes when the temperature rises to 600 degrees; s5: preparing glaze slip of glaze; s6: glazing; s7, glaze firing: the glaze firing comprises a first stage, a second stage, a third stage, a fourth stage and a fifth stage, wherein the temperature interval of the third stage is 950-1000 degrees, the temperature rise speed is 0.5-1 degree/min, the air pressure in the kiln is 0.3-0.5MPa, and the temperature is kept for 1.5-2 hours when the temperature rises to 1000 degrees.

The preparation method of the invention enables various raw materials of the blank body to be fully dissolved together, and then the sintered blank body has a more compact and stable structure, the prepared glaze slurry has moderate fineness and good suspension property, the thickness of the sintered celadon glaze layer is uniform, the porcelain quality is fine, the preparation method has low cost, and is suitable for the batch production of enterprises, the temperature interval of the second stage of biscuit firing is set to be 200-600 degrees, the growth phenomenon of solid particles in the blank body occurs in the second stage, and when the temperature rise speed is lower than 1 degree/min and the pressure in the kiln is lower than 0.2MPa, the structure of the biscuit fired blank body has poor compactness and is easy to wear when the finished product after thousands of tests; when the temperature rise speed is higher than 2 DEG/min and the air pressure in the kiln is higher than 0.3MPa, the biscuit after biscuit firing has low strength and is easy to break; only when the temperature rising speed is controlled to be 1-2 DEG/min and the air pressure in the kiln is kept to be 0.2-0.3MPa, the crystal grains of the solid particles can grow uniformly, the crystal defects are few, and the biscuit body after biscuit firing has good structural compactness, high strength and is not easy to break; the temperature interval of the third stage of the glaze firing is 950 degrees to 1000 degrees, the air pressure in the kiln is controlled at a higher value, which is not only beneficial to the oxidation of substances in the glaze layer but also beneficial to the decomposition of carbonate, in addition, because the temperature rise speed is slower, the uniform growth of various solid particle grains in the glaze layer is beneficial, and the transformation of crystal forms is further beneficial, and from the finished product after thousands of tests, when the air pressure in the kiln is lower than 0.3MPa, and the temperature rise speed is lower than 0.5/min, the celadon after the glaze firing is rough, and the surface defects of the porcelain layer are more; when the air pressure in the kiln is higher than 0.5MPa and the temperature rise speed is higher than 1 degree/min, spots and pinholes on the surface of the enamel-fired celadon ceramic layer are more, the toughness is poor, the celadon ceramic layer is easy to break, and only when the air pressure is controlled to be 0.3-0.5MPa and the temperature rise speed is controlled to be 0.5-1 degree/min, the enamel-fired celadon ceramic is fine and smooth in quality, high in glossiness, high in strength and not easy to break; and (3) keeping the temperature for 1.5-2 hours when the temperature is raised to 1000 ℃, so that the gas in the glaze layer can be discharged conveniently.

Further, the preparation of the component A in the step S1 comprises the steps of respectively drying and grinding dolomite, high bauxite, kaolin and cooked talc, then putting the dolomite, the high bauxite, the kaolin and the cooked talc together into a ball mill for ball milling until the mixture is sieved by a 500-mesh sieve; the preparation of the component B comprises respectively drying and crushing quartz, magnesite and calcite, then putting the quartz, the magnesite and the calcite into a ball mill for ball milling until the mixture is sieved by a 500-mesh sieve; the preparation of component C comprises: mixing long-chain fatty acid ester, polyethylene wax, epoxy resin, organic silicon resin and polyimide with water, heating and stirring until the mixture is dissolved to obtain a mixed solution, and then drying and crushing the mixed solution.

Further, the preparation of the slurry of the blank in the step S2 includes uniformly mixing the component a, the component B and the component C in a weight ratio of 10:5:1, adding a proper amount of sodium silicate and water, and stirring in a stirrer to obtain the slurry of the blank; the component A, the component B, the component C, the sodium silicate and the water are put into a stirrer together for stirring, so that all raw materials in the prepared blank slurry can be fully and uniformly mixed, and the prepared blank has a more compact and stable structure.

Further, the temperature interval of the first stage of biscuiting in the S4 is normal temperature-200 degrees, the temperature rising speed is 0.5-1 degree/min, the temperature is kept for 20-30 minutes when the temperature rises to 200 degrees, dry nitrogen is kept introduced into the kiln during the temperature rising, and the chimney is opened to draw the maximum force; the temperature interval of the third stage is 600-1000 degrees, and the temperature rise speed is 2-3 degrees/min; after the temperature is raised to 1000 ℃, the temperature is preserved for 30 to 40 minutes and then the mixture is naturally cooled; in the first stage, the temperature rising speed is slow, dry nitrogen is introduced into the kiln during the temperature rising period, the gas circulation speed in the kiln is increased, the evaporation of water in the embryo body is facilitated, and the temperature is kept for 20-30 minutes when the temperature rises to 200 ℃ to ensure that the water in the embryo body is fully evaporated; in the third stage, the temperature is increased from 600 ℃ to 1000 ℃, the growth speed of solid grains in the blank is higher, gaps among the grains and grain boundaries gradually decrease, the whole structure of the blank is tighter, the blank is kept for 30-40 minutes after being heated to 1000 ℃ to be beneficial to the complete growth of the grains, and the whole sintering process is finished, so that the compact polycrystalline blank is prepared.

Further, the glaze slurry preparation of the glaze in the step S5 includes respectively grinding the dried kaolin, clay, quartz, wollastonite, muscovite and glaze ash, then putting them together into a ball mill, adding water to ball mill, grinding until the slurry passes through a 400 mesh sieve to obtain the glaze slurry.

Further, the temperature interval of the first stage of glaze firing in the step S6 is normal temperature to 250 ℃, the temperature rising speed is 0.5 to 1 DEG/min, dry nitrogen is introduced into the kiln in the temperature rising process, a chimney is kept to adjust the maximum suction force, and the temperature is kept for 1 to 1.5 hours when the temperature rises to 200 ℃; the temperature range of the second stage is 250-950 degrees, the temperature rising speed is 3-4 degrees/min, and the temperature is kept for 1-1.5 hours when the temperature rises to 950 degrees; the temperature interval of the fourth stage is 1000-1200 degrees, the temperature rising speed is 3-4 degrees/min, and the temperature is kept for 1-1.5 hours when the temperature rises to 1200 degrees; in the fifth stage, the temperature interval is 1200-1280 degrees, the temperature rise speed is 0.5-1 degree/min, and the air pressure in the kiln is controlled at 0.03-0.05MPa in the period; heating to 1280 ℃, preserving heat for 2-2.5 hours, and naturally cooling to obtain a finished product; in the first stage, the normal temperature is increased to 250 degrees, dry nitrogen is introduced into the kiln, the gas circulation speed in the kiln is accelerated, evaporation of water in the blank body and the glaze layer is facilitated, in addition, the nitrogen introduction can also inhibit premature oxidation of the glaze layer, due to the fact that the temperature in the interval is low and the nitrogen contains water, all substances in the glaze layer cannot be oxidized at the same time, once substances in certain areas are oxidized in advance, depression is easily generated on the surface of the glaze, the attractiveness of a product is further influenced, and in addition, the temperature is kept at 200 degrees for 1-1.5 hours, the water on the blank body and the glaze layer is discharged; the second stage has higher temperature rise speed, and is beneficial to the evaporation of crystal water in the glaze layer; the temperature interval of the fourth stage is 1000-1200 degrees, which is beneficial to generating stable oxides such as aluminum oxide, magnesium oxide and the like in the glaze layer; the temperature interval of the fifth stage is 1200-1280 degrees, the air pressure in the kiln is small, and the trivalent iron in the glaze layer is favorably reduced into the divalent iron.

Further, the stirring machine comprises a tank body, a rotating shaft arranged in the tank body, a driving motor used for driving the rotating shaft to rotate and a stirring wheel arranged on the rotating shaft, wherein a vibration mechanism is arranged on the rotating shaft; through the vibration effect of vibration mechanism to thick liquids, can effectual discharge the bubble in the thick liquids, and then make the preparation obtain that the idiosome structure is compacter, and intensity is better.

Further, the vibration mechanism comprises a stirring shaft, a movable cavity arranged on the stirring shaft, a vibration shaft with one end movably penetrating through the movable cavity, and a driving piece for driving the vibration shaft to move left and right; the stirring shaft limits the vibration shaft through a limiting structure; when the pivot is rotatory, the vibration axle is all held and is rotated along with the pivot in the activity intracavity, after pivot stall, the vibration axle moves outside the activity chamber and begins the vibration in the effect part of driving piece, and the bubble in the thick liquids can be discharged outside the thick liquids under the effect of vibration this moment, and this just makes the idiosome structure that prepares compacter, stable, and intensity is higher, prevents through setting up limit structure in addition that the vibration axle from rotating the in-process and taking place to drop along with the pivot, has guaranteed that the vibration axle can normal work.

Furthermore, the limiting structure comprises a turnover rod, a reset piece, a clamping part and a clamping groove, wherein one end of the turnover rod is movably connected to the inner wall of the movable cavity, the reset piece is arranged between the turnover rod and the inner wall of the movable cavity, the clamping part is arranged on the turnover rod, and the clamping groove is arranged on the vibration shaft and is matched with the clamping part; when the vibration axle is rotating along with the pivot, the trip lever can make card portion card go into in the draw-in groove of vibration axle under the effect of piece that resets, and then plays a limiting displacement to the vibration axle, has prevented that the vibration axle breaks away from out of the activity chamber at the rotation in-process.

Furthermore, the driving part comprises an air cylinder, a connecting column connected with a piston rod of the air cylinder and a buffer part with one end connected with the connecting column, and the other end of the buffer part is connected with the vibrating shaft; the inner wall of the movable cavity is connected with a pressing rod, one end of the pressing rod is movably connected with the inner wall of the movable cavity, the other end of the pressing rod is matched with a piston rod of an air cylinder, when the piston rod of the air cylinder extends outwards, one side of the pressing rod is abutted against the piston rod of the air cylinder, and the other side of the pressing rod is abutted against the overturning rod; reduce the cylinder at the impact force that the vibration axle vibration in-process received through setting up the bolster, the life of whole device has been prolonged, and at the in-process that the piston rod outwards promoted the vibration axle, the piston rod with press the inconsistent and promote according to pressure lever one end and overturn according to the pressure lever, and then make the other end of pressing the pressure lever press the trip lever downwards, make card portion withdraw from the draw-in groove, the vibration axle can partly remove outside the activity chamber under the effect of cylinder, and then can play a vibration effect to the thick liquids in the jar body.

In conclusion, the preparation method has the advantages of low production cost, high yield and suitability for batch production, and the produced celadon has the advantages of high strength, high temperature resistance and corrosion resistance, and is not easy to wear in use.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a mixer according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a sectional view showing the vibration structure of the agitator of the present invention.

Detailed Description

In order to make the technical solutions of the present invention better understood, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention.

Example one

The celadon is prepared from a mineral raw material and a high polymer material to prepare a blank and a glaze, wherein the blank comprises a component A, a component B and a component C, and the preparation method comprises the following steps: s1: preparing a component A, a component B and a component C; s2: preparing a sizing agent of the blank; s3: forming a blank body; s4: biscuit firing; s5: preparing glaze slip of glaze; s6: glazing; and S7, glaze firing.

Specifically, the preparation of the component A in the step S1 comprises the steps of respectively drying and grinding 115 parts by weight of kaolin, 18 parts by weight of cooked talc, 28 parts by weight of dolomite and 16 parts by weight of high bauxite, then putting the components together into a ball mill for ball milling, and grinding the components until the components pass through a 500-mesh sieve; the preparation of the component B comprises the steps of respectively drying and grinding 45 parts by weight of quartz, 16 parts by weight of magnesite and 44 parts by weight of calcite, then putting the materials into a ball mill together for ball milling until the materials pass through a 500-mesh sieve; the preparation of the component C comprises the steps of adding water to 7 parts by weight of long-chain fatty acid ester, 9 parts by weight of polyethylene wax, 4 parts by weight of epoxy resin, 4 parts by weight of organic silicon resin and 7 parts by weight of polyimide, mixing, heating and stirring until the mixture is dissolved to obtain a mixed solution, and then drying and crushing the mixed solution.

Specifically, the preparation of the slurry of the blank in the step S2 includes uniformly mixing the component a, the component B and the component C in a weight ratio of 10:5:1, adding a proper amount of sodium silicate and water, and stirring the mixture in a stirrer to obtain the slurry of the blank, specifically, as shown in fig. 1-2, the stirrer includes a tank body 1, a rotating shaft 2, a driving motor 3 and a stirring wheel 4 arranged on the rotating shaft, the driving motor is a commercially available motor, the driving motor is mounted on a top cover of the tank body, the rotating shaft 2 is fixedly connected with an output shaft of the driving motor, in order to facilitate discharging bubbles in the slurry to obtain a blank with a more compact structure and better strength, a vibration mechanism 5 is arranged on the rotating shaft, specifically, the vibration mechanism includes two stirring shafts 6, a movable cavity 61, a vibration shaft 7 and a driving member 8 for driving the vibration shaft to move left and right, specifically, the two stirring shafts are symmetrically connected to the left side and the right side of the rotating shaft, the movable cavity is arranged on the stirring shaft, the movable cavity is of a step-shaped structure and comprises a first cylindrical cavity communicated with the internal space of the tank body and a second cylindrical cavity communicated with the first cylindrical cavity, the radius of the second cylindrical cavity is larger than that of the first cylindrical cavity, a vibrator is arranged inside the vibrating shaft, the vibrator is a vibration exciter directly purchased in the market and is not repeated here, the driving piece 8 comprises a cylinder 81, a connecting column 83 and a buffer piece 84, specifically, the end part of the cylinder is fixed on the inner wall of the second cylindrical cavity, the connecting column is fixedly connected with a piston rod 82 of the cylinder, the radius of the connecting column is smaller than that of the piston rod of the cylinder, the buffer piece is a damping spring, one end of the damping spring is fixedly connected with the connecting column, and the other end of the damping spring is fixedly connected with the vibrating shaft, the external controller that still is equipped with this driving motor of control, cylinder and vibrator operating condition of jar, it is specific, the controller is prior art, like PLC or singlechip, the theory of operation of controller control driving motor, cylinder and vibrator also is prior art, do not do the repeated description here, when the pivot rotates, the vibration axle is held in the holding tank and rotates along with the pivot, accomplish once stirring operation back, stop driving motor work through the controller, then control drives driving cylinder and releases the vibration axle part outside the activity chamber, control the vibrator at last and begin to vibrate, and then just can reach a vibration effect to thick liquids, can discharge the bubble that exists in the thick liquids through the vibration, thereby make the idiosome structure that makes compacter, stable, intensity is higher.

In order to ensure that the vibration shaft cannot be separated from the movable cavity in the rotating process along with the rotating shaft, the stirring shaft limits the vibration shaft through a limiting structure, and specifically, the limiting structure comprises two turning rods 9, two resetting pieces 10, clamping parts 91 respectively arranged on the two turning rods, and two clamping grooves 71 arranged on the vibration shaft 7 and matched with the two clamping parts; the utility model discloses a vibration shaft, including upset pole 9, second cylindrical cavity lateral wall, return part, spring, clamping part, the piece that resets, the upset pole 9 is a metal pole, and the right-hand member of two metal poles articulates lower part on second cylindrical cavity lateral wall through the hinge respectively, clamping part is a fixture block for linking firmly at this metal pole upper surface, the piece that resets is a compression spring, and this spring upper end links firmly with metal pole left end lower surface, and the lower extreme links firmly with second cylindrical cavity diapire, and when the vibration axle was held holding the intracavity and rotated along with the pivot, the fixture block was extruded into the draw-in groove under the effect of spring in, and then can play a limiting displacement to the vibration axle, prevents that the vibration axle from breaking away from and going out in the rotation in-process from the activity intracavity.

Further, the inner wall of the movable cavity is provided with two pressing rods 62 made of metal material, the left ends of the two pressing rods are hinged to the top and the bottom of the inner wall of the second cylindrical cavity through hinges, respectively, when the vibration shaft is completely stored in the movable cavity, the right ends of the pressing rods contact with the surface of the connecting column under the supporting action of the turnover rod, when the piston rod of the cylinder moves outwards and compresses the reset piece 10, the front end of the piston rod abuts against the upper surface of the right end of the pressing rods and extrudes the pressing rods downwards, so that the lower surface of the right end of the pressing rods extrudes the left end of the turnover rod downwards, the clamping part is separated from the clamping groove, the vibration shaft can move outwards the movable cavity under the extrusion force of the reset piece 10, preferably, the middle parts of the two metal rods are connected with the bottom wall of the second cylindrical cavity through springs 621, and the springs are always in a compression state, the spring 621 can prevent the metal rod from falling off when the metal rod rotates along with the rotating shaft.

In order to prevent the slurry from entering a gap between the vibration shaft and the inner wall of the movable cavity, an annular elastic dustproof pad 63 is arranged between the vibration shaft and the inner wall of the movable cavity, the dustproof pad 63 is made of rubber materials, the inner wall of the dustproof pad is fixedly connected with the outer wall of the vibration shaft, and the outer wall of the dustproof pad is fixedly connected with the inner wall of the movable cavity.

Specifically, in the step S3, the slurry prepared in the step S2 is prepared into an embryo body through slip casting, and then the embryo body is placed in a ventilated environment to be dried for 4 days, wherein the temperature is kept at 20 degrees.

Specifically, the bisque firing in S4 includes the following stages: the first stage is as follows: raising the temperature to 200 ℃ at normal temperature, keeping the temperature at the temperature of 0.5 ℃/min, keeping the temperature for 20 minutes when the temperature is raised to 200 ℃, keeping introducing dry nitrogen into the kiln during the temperature raising, and opening a chimney to draw the maximum; and a second stage: raising the temperature to 600 ℃ at 200 ℃ and 1 ℃/min; keeping the temperature for 20 minutes when the temperature is raised to 600 ℃; and a third stage: the temperature rises from 600 ℃ to 1000 ℃, and the temperature rising speed is 2 ℃/min; after the temperature is raised to 1000 ℃, the temperature is preserved for 30 minutes and then the product is naturally cooled.

Specifically, the glaze slurry preparation of the glaze in the step S5 includes grinding the dried kaolin, clay, quartz, wollastonite, muscovite and glaze ash respectively, then putting the ground materials together into a ball mill, adding water for ball milling, grinding the ground materials until the ground materials pass through a 400-mesh sieve, and preparing the glaze slurry, wherein the raw materials include, by weight, 60 parts of kaolin, 20 parts of clay, 30 parts of quartz, 10 parts of wollastonite, 10 parts of muscovite and 20 parts of glaze ash.

Specifically, the glaze firing in the step S6 includes the following steps: the first stage is as follows: raising the temperature to 250 ℃ at normal temperature, wherein the temperature raising speed is 0.5 DEG/min, introducing dry nitrogen into the kiln in the temperature raising process, keeping a chimney to adjust to the maximum suction force, and preserving the heat for 1 hour when the temperature is raised to 200 ℃; and a second stage: heating to 950 ℃ at the temperature of 250 ℃, keeping the temperature for 1 hour when the temperature rises to 950 ℃ and the heating speed is 3 ℃/min; and a third stage: heating to 950 ℃ to 1000 ℃, keeping the temperature for 1.5 hours when the temperature rises to 1000 ℃, and controlling the air pressure in the kiln to be 0.3 MPa; a fourth stage: heating to 1000 ℃ to 1200 ℃, heating at the speed of 3 ℃/min, and keeping the temperature for 1 hour when the temperature is raised to 1200 ℃; the fifth stage: heating to 1280 ℃ at 1200 ℃, wherein the heating speed is 0.5 ℃/min, and the air pressure in the kiln is controlled to be 0.03MPa in the period; heating to 1280 ℃, preserving the temperature for 2 hours, and naturally cooling to obtain the finished product.

2000 celadon bowls are prepared according to the preparation method in the embodiment, wherein obvious color difference occurs in 18 bowls; the surface of 22 bowls has the phenomenon of cracking; significant distortion occurred in 10 bowls; cracking of 26 bowls; the concave surface phenomenon appears on 8 bowls, so the finished product rate of the final celadon bowl in the embodiment is 95.8 percent, which is obviously higher than the finished product rate of the product prepared by the existing preparation method.

Taking 100 qualified celadon bowls, carrying out abrasion tests on the 100 celadon bowls by using an MMW-1 vertical universal friction abrasion tester, and calculating test data to obtain the average abrasion rate of the 100 celadon bowls to be 1.75 nm/min; additionally purchasing 100 general celadon bowls in the market, performing wear tests on the 100 celadon bowls by using the same equipment and the same test parameters, calculating test data to obtain the average wear rate of the 100 celadon bowls of 2.06nm/min, and comparing the average wear rates of two groups of tests to show that the wear rate of the celadon bowl prepared by the preparation method is obviously less than that of the general celadon bowl in the market, so that the celadon bowl prepared by the preparation method has better wear resistance.

Specifically, the ball mill used in this embodiment can be purchased directly on the market, and the chimney and the kiln are both in the prior art and are not described herein.

Example two

Specifically, the preparation of the component A in the step S1 comprises the steps of respectively drying and grinding 120 parts of kaolin, 20 parts of cooked talc, 30 parts of dolomite and 20 parts of high bauxite according to the weight part ratio, then putting the components into a ball mill for ball milling, and grinding the components until the components pass through a 500-mesh sieve; the preparation of the component B comprises the steps of respectively drying and crushing 50 parts of quartz, 20 parts of magnesite, 50 parts of calcite and 10 parts of component C according to the weight part ratio, then putting the components into a ball mill for ball milling, and grinding the components until the components pass through a 500-mesh sieve; the preparation of the component C comprises the steps of adding 8 parts of long-chain fatty acid ester, 12 parts of polyethylene wax, 5 parts of epoxy resin, 5 parts of organic silicon resin and 8 parts of polyimide by weight into water for mixing, heating and stirring until the mixture is dissolved to obtain a mixed solution, and then drying and crushing the mixed solution.

Specifically, the preparation of the slurry of the blank in the step S2 includes uniformly mixing the component a, the component B, and the component C in a weight ratio of 10:5:1, and adding a proper amount of sodium silicate and water together, and placing the mixture into a stirrer to stir, thereby obtaining the slurry of the blank.

Specifically, the step S3 is to make the blank body from the slurry obtained in step S2 by slip casting, and then to air-dry the blank body in a ventilated environment for 5 days, during which the temperature is kept at 24 °.

Specifically, the bisque firing in S4 includes the following stages: the first stage is as follows: raising the temperature to 200 ℃ at normal temperature, keeping the temperature for 30 minutes when the temperature is raised to 200 ℃, keeping introducing dry nitrogen into the kiln during the temperature raising, and opening a chimney to draw the maximum force; and a second stage: raising the temperature to 600 ℃ at the temperature raising speed of 2 ℃/min, keeping the temperature for 30 minutes when the temperature is raised to 600 ℃, and keeping the air pressure in the kiln at 0.3 MPa; and a second stage: the temperature rises from 600 ℃ to 1000 ℃, and the temperature rising speed is 3 ℃/min; raising the temperature to 1000 ℃, preserving the temperature for 40 minutes, and naturally cooling.

Specifically, the glaze slurry preparation of the glaze in the step S5 includes grinding the dried kaolin, clay, quartz, wollastonite, muscovite and glaze ash respectively, then putting the ground materials together into a ball mill, adding water for ball milling, grinding the ground materials until the ground materials pass through a 400-mesh sieve to prepare the glaze slurry, wherein the raw materials include, by weight, 80 parts of kaolin, 30 parts of clay, 40 parts of quartz, 20 parts of wollastonite, 15 parts of muscovite and 30 parts of glaze ash.

Specifically, the glaze firing in the step S6 includes the following steps: the first stage is as follows: raising the temperature to 250 ℃ at normal temperature, wherein the temperature raising speed is 1 DEG/min, introducing dry nitrogen into the kiln in the temperature raising process, keeping a chimney to adjust to the maximum suction force, and preserving the heat for 1.5 hours when the temperature is raised to 200 ℃; and a second stage: heating to 950 ℃ at the temperature of 250 ℃, keeping the temperature for 1.5 hours when the temperature rises to 950 ℃ and the heating speed is 4 DEG/min; and a third stage: heating to 950 ℃ to 1000 ℃, keeping the temperature for 2 hours when the temperature rises to 1000 ℃, and controlling the air pressure in the kiln to be 0.5 MPa; a fourth stage: heating to 1000 ℃ to 1200 ℃, heating at the speed of 4 ℃/min, and keeping the temperature for 1-1.5 hours when the temperature is raised to 1200 ℃; the fifth stage: heating to 1280 ℃ at 1200 ℃, wherein the heating speed is 1 ℃/min, and the air pressure in the kiln is controlled to be 0.05MPa in the period; heating to 1280 ℃, preserving heat for 2.5 hours, and naturally cooling to obtain a finished product.

2000 celadon bowls are prepared according to the preparation method in the embodiment, wherein obvious color difference occurs in 12 bowls; the surface of 16 bowls has the phenomenon of cracking; significant distortion of the 14 bowls occurred; cracking phenomenon occurs in 18 bowls; the 12 bowls have concave surfaces, so the yield of the final celadon bowl in the embodiment is 96.4 percent, which is obviously higher than the yield of the product prepared by the existing preparation method.

Taking 100 qualified celadon bowls, carrying out abrasion tests on the 100 celadon bowls by using an MMW-1 vertical universal friction abrasion tester, and calculating test data to obtain the average abrasion rate of the 100 celadon bowls to be 1.82 nm/min; additionally purchasing 100 general celadon bowls in the market, performing wear tests on the 100 celadon bowls by using the same equipment and the same test parameters, calculating test data to obtain the average wear rate of the 100 celadon bowls of 2.12nm/min, and comparing the average wear rates of two groups of tests to show that the wear rate of the celadon bowl prepared by the preparation method is obviously less than that of the general celadon bowl in the market, so that the celadon bowl prepared by the preparation method has better wear resistance.

EXAMPLE III

Specifically, the preparation of the component A in the step S1 comprises the steps of respectively drying and grinding 115 parts by weight of kaolin, 18 parts by weight of cooked talc, 28 parts by weight of dolomite and 16 parts by weight of high bauxite, then putting the components together into a ball mill for ball milling, and grinding the components until the components pass through a 500-mesh sieve; the preparation of the component B comprises the steps of respectively drying and grinding 45 parts of quartz, 16 parts of magnesite and 44 parts of calcite according to the weight part ratio, then putting the materials into a ball mill for ball milling until the materials pass through a 500-mesh sieve; the preparation of the component C comprises the steps of adding water to 7 parts of long-chain fatty acid ester, 9 parts of polyethylene wax, 4 parts of epoxy resin, 4 parts of organic silicon resin and 7 parts of polyimide according to the parts by weight, mixing, heating and stirring until the mixture is dissolved to obtain a mixed solution, and then drying and crushing the mixed solution.

Specifically, the step S3 is to make the slurry obtained in step S2 into an embryo body by slip casting, and then to air-dry the embryo body in a ventilated environment for 8 days, wherein the temperature is kept at 27 °.

Specifically, the bisque firing in S4 includes the following stages: the first stage is as follows: raising the temperature to 200 ℃ at normal temperature, keeping the temperature at the temperature of 0.8 ℃/min, keeping the temperature for 25 minutes when the temperature is raised to 200 ℃, keeping introducing dry nitrogen into the kiln during the temperature raising, and opening a chimney to draw the maximum; and a second stage: raising the temperature to 600 ℃ at the temperature raising speed of 1.8 ℃/min, keeping the temperature for 25 minutes when the temperature is raised to 600 ℃, and keeping the air pressure in the kiln at 0.25MPa in the period; and a second stage: the temperature rises from 600 ℃ to 1000 ℃, and the temperature rising speed is 2.5 ℃/min; raising the temperature to 1000 ℃, preserving the temperature for 38 minutes, and naturally cooling.

Specifically, the glaze slurry preparation of the glaze in the step S5 includes grinding the dried kaolin, clay, quartz, wollastonite, muscovite and glaze ash respectively, then putting the ground materials together into a ball mill, adding water for ball milling, grinding the ground materials until the ground materials pass through a 400-mesh sieve to prepare the glaze slurry, wherein the raw materials include 66 parts by weight of kaolin, 26 parts by weight of clay, 35 parts by weight of quartz, 18 parts by weight of wollastonite, 12 parts by weight of muscovite and 25 parts by weight of glaze ash.

Specifically, the glaze firing in the step S6 includes the following steps: the first stage is as follows: raising the temperature to 250 ℃ at normal temperature, wherein the temperature raising speed is 0.7 DEG/min, introducing dry nitrogen into the kiln in the temperature raising process, keeping a chimney to adjust to the maximum suction force, and preserving the heat for 1.2 hours when the temperature is raised to 200 ℃; and a second stage: heating to 950 ℃ at 250 ℃, heating at the speed of 3.5 ℃/min, and keeping the temperature for 1.2 hours when the temperature is raised to 950 ℃; and a third stage: heating to 950 ℃ to 1000 ℃, keeping the temperature for 1.6 hours when the temperature rises to 1000 ℃, and controlling the air pressure in the kiln to be 0.35 MPa; a fourth stage: heating to 1000 ℃ to 1200 ℃, heating at the speed of 3.5 ℃/min, and keeping the temperature for 1.2 hours when the temperature is raised to 1200 ℃; the fifth stage: heating to 1280 ℃ at 1200 ℃, wherein the heating speed is 0.8 ℃/min, and the air pressure in the kiln is controlled to be 0.04MPa in the period; heating to 1280 ℃, preserving heat for 2.2 hours, and naturally cooling to obtain a finished product.

2000 celadon bowls are prepared according to the preparation method in the embodiment, wherein obvious color difference occurs in 8 bowls; the surface of 12 bowls has the phenomenon of spalling; significant distortion occurred in 10 bowls; cracking phenomenon occurs in 16 bowls; the concave surface phenomenon appears on 16 bowls, so the finished product rate of the final celadon bowl in the embodiment is 96.9 percent, which is obviously higher than the finished product rate of the product prepared by the existing preparation method.

Taking 100 qualified celadon bowls, carrying out abrasion tests on the 100 celadon bowls by using an MMW-1 vertical universal friction abrasion tester, and calculating test data to obtain the average abrasion rate of the 100 celadon bowls to be 1.71 nm/min; additionally purchasing 100 general celadon bowls in the market, performing wear tests on the 100 celadon bowls by using the same equipment and the same test parameters, calculating test data to obtain the average wear rate of the 100 celadon bowls of 2.14nm/min, and comparing the average wear rates of two groups of tests to show that the wear rate of the celadon bowl prepared by the preparation method is obviously less than that of the general celadon bowl in the market, so that the celadon bowl prepared by the preparation method of the invention has better wear resistance.

It is to be understood that the described embodiments are merely a few embodiments of the invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A preparation method of celadon is characterized by comprising the following steps: the celadon adopts mineral raw materials and high polymer materials to prepare a blank and a glaze, the blank comprises a component A, a component B and a component C, and the preparation method comprises the following steps:

s1: preparing a component A, a component B and a component C;

s2: preparing a sizing agent of the blank;

s3: forming a blank body;

s4: biscuit firing: the bisque firing comprises a first stage, a second stage and a third stage; the temperature interval of the second stage is 200-600 ℃, the temperature rise speed is 1-2 ℃/min, the air pressure in the kiln is kept at 0.2-0.3MPa, and the temperature is kept for 20-30 minutes when the temperature rises to 600 ℃;

s5: preparing glaze slip of glaze;

s6: glazing;

s7, glaze firing: the glaze firing comprises a first stage, a second stage, a third stage, a fourth stage and a fifth stage, wherein the temperature interval of the third stage is 950-1000 ℃, the temperature rise speed is 0.5-1 ℃ per min, the air pressure in the kiln is 0.3-0.5MPa, and the temperature is kept for 1.5-2 hours when the temperature rises to 1000 ℃;

the temperature interval of the first stage of glaze firing in the step S7 is normal temperature to 250 ℃, the temperature rising speed is 0.5 to 1 ℃ per minute, dry nitrogen is introduced into the kiln in the temperature rising process, a chimney is kept to adjust the maximum suction force, and the temperature is kept for 1 to 1.5 hours when the temperature rises to 200 ℃; the temperature range of the second stage is 250-950 ℃, the heating rate is 3-4 ℃/min, and the temperature is kept for 1-1.5 hours when the temperature is raised to 950 ℃; the temperature interval of the fourth stage is 1000-1200 ℃, the temperature rising speed is 3-4 ℃/min, and the temperature is kept for 1-1.5 hours when the temperature rises to 1200 ℃; in the fifth stage, the temperature range is 1200-1280 ℃, the heating rate is 0.5-1 ℃/min, and the air pressure in the kiln is controlled at 0.03-0.05 MPa; heating to 1280 ℃, preserving heat for 2-2.5 hours, and naturally cooling to obtain a finished product;

in the S4, the temperature interval of the first stage of biscuiting is normal temperature to 200 ℃, the heating rate is 0.5 to 1 ℃ per minute, the temperature is kept for 20 to 30 minutes when the temperature is raised to 200 ℃, dry nitrogen is kept to be introduced into the kiln during the heating, and the chimney is opened to draw the maximum; the temperature interval of the third stage is 600-1000 ℃, and the temperature rise speed is 2-3 ℃/min; raising the temperature to 1000 ℃, preserving the heat for 30-40 minutes, and naturally cooling;

the preparation of the sizing agent of the blank in the step S2 comprises the steps of uniformly mixing the component A, the component B and the component C according to the weight ratio of 10:5:1, adding a proper amount of sodium silicate and water, and putting the mixture into a stirrer for stirring to obtain the sizing agent of the blank;

the blank comprises a component A, a component B, a component C and a component C, wherein the component A comprises 115 parts by weight of kaolin, 18 parts by weight of calcined talc, 28 parts by weight of dolomite and 16 parts by weight of high-alumina bauxite, the component B comprises 45 parts by weight of quartz, 16 parts by weight of magnesite and 44 parts by weight of calcite, and the component C comprises 7 parts by weight of long-chain fatty acid ester, 9 parts by weight of polyethylene wax, 4 parts by weight of epoxy resin, 4 parts by weight of organic silicon resin and 7 parts by weight of polyimide; or the component A of the blank comprises 120 parts of kaolin, 20 parts of calcined talc, 30 parts of dolomite and 20 parts of high-alumina bauxite in parts by weight, the component B comprises 50 parts of quartz, 20 parts of magnesite, 50 parts of calcite and 10 parts of component C in parts by weight, and the component C comprises 8 parts of long-chain fatty acid ester, 12 parts of polyethylene wax, 5 parts of epoxy resin, 5 parts of organic silicon resin and 8 parts of polyimide in parts by weight; or the component A of the blank comprises 115 parts of kaolin, 18 parts of calcined talc, 28 parts of dolomite and 16 parts of high-alumina bauxite in parts by weight, the component B comprises 45 parts of quartz, 16 parts of magnesite and 44 parts of calcite in parts by weight, and the component C comprises 7 parts of long-chain fatty acid ester, 9 parts of polyethylene wax, 4 parts of epoxy resin, 4 parts of organic silicon resin and 7 parts of polyimide in parts by weight.

2. The celadon manufacturing method according to claim 1, characterized in that: the preparation of the component A in the step S1 comprises the steps of respectively drying and grinding dolomite, high bauxite, kaolin and calcined talc, then putting the materials into a ball mill together for ball milling until the materials pass through a 500-mesh sieve; the preparation of the component B comprises respectively drying and crushing quartz, magnesite and calcite, then putting the quartz, the magnesite and the calcite into a ball mill for ball milling until the mixture is sieved by a 500-mesh sieve; the preparation of component C comprises: mixing long-chain fatty acid ester, polyethylene wax, epoxy resin, organic silicon resin and polyimide with water, heating and stirring until the mixture is dissolved to obtain a mixed solution, and then drying and crushing the mixed solution.

3. The celadon manufacturing method according to claim 1, characterized in that: and the glaze slip preparation of the glaze in the step S5 comprises the steps of respectively grinding the dried kaolin, clay, quartz, wollastonite, muscovite and glaze ash, then putting the ground materials together into a ball mill, adding water for ball milling, grinding until slurry is sieved by a 400-mesh sieve to obtain the glaze slip.

4. The celadon manufacturing method according to claim 2, characterized in that: the stirring machine comprises a tank body (1), a rotating shaft (2) arranged in the tank body, a driving motor (3) used for driving the rotating shaft to rotate and a stirring wheel (4) arranged on the rotating shaft, wherein a vibration mechanism (5) is arranged on the rotating shaft.

5. The celadon manufacturing method according to claim 4, characterized in that: the vibration mechanism comprises a stirring shaft (6), a movable cavity (61) arranged on the stirring shaft, a vibration shaft (7) with one end movably penetrating through the movable cavity and a driving piece (8) for driving the vibration shaft to move left and right; the stirring shaft is limited by the limiting structure.

6. The celadon manufacturing method according to claim 5, characterized in that: limit structure include one end swing joint in trip lever (9) on the activity intracavity wall, locate reset piece (10) between trip lever and the activity intracavity wall, locate card portion (91) on the trip lever and locate on vibration axle (7) with this card portion matched with draw-in groove (71).

7. The celadon manufacturing method according to claim 6, characterized in that: the driving part (8) comprises an air cylinder (81), a connecting column (83) connected with an air cylinder piston rod (82) and a buffer part (84) with one end connected with the connecting column, and the other end of the buffer part is connected with the vibration shaft (7); the movable cavity is characterized in that a pressing rod (62) is connected to the inner wall of the movable cavity, one end of the pressing rod is movably connected with the inner wall of the movable cavity, the other end of the pressing rod is matched with the piston rod of the air cylinder, when the piston rod of the air cylinder extends outwards, one side of the pressing rod is abutted against the piston rod (82) of the air cylinder, and the other side of the pressing rod is abutted against the overturning rod (9).