CN107779301A - A kind of space precision industrial cleaning agent - Google Patents
A kind of space precision industrial cleaning agent Download PDFInfo
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- CN107779301A CN107779301A CN201710812539.0A CN201710812539A CN107779301A CN 107779301 A CN107779301 A CN 107779301A CN 201710812539 A CN201710812539 A CN 201710812539A CN 107779301 A CN107779301 A CN 107779301A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D7/00—Compositions of detergents based essentially on non-surface-active compounds
- C11D7/22—Organic compounds
- C11D7/28—Organic compounds containing halogen
- C11D7/30—Halogenated hydrocarbons
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D1/00—Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
- C11D1/66—Non-ionic compounds
- C11D1/72—Ethers of polyoxyalkylene glycols
- C11D1/721—End blocked ethers
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D1/00—Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
- C11D1/66—Non-ionic compounds
- C11D1/74—Carboxylates or sulfonates esters of polyoxyalkylene glycols
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
- C11D3/16—Organic compounds
- C11D3/20—Organic compounds containing oxygen
- C11D3/2003—Alcohols; Phenols
- C11D3/2006—Monohydric alcohols
- C11D3/201—Monohydric alcohols linear
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
- C11D3/16—Organic compounds
- C11D3/20—Organic compounds containing oxygen
- C11D3/2093—Esters; Carbonates
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
- C11D3/16—Organic compounds
- C11D3/24—Organic compounds containing halogen
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D7/00—Compositions of detergents based essentially on non-surface-active compounds
- C11D7/22—Organic compounds
- C11D7/26—Organic compounds containing oxygen
- C11D7/261—Alcohols; Phenols
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D7/00—Compositions of detergents based essentially on non-surface-active compounds
- C11D7/22—Organic compounds
- C11D7/26—Organic compounds containing oxygen
- C11D7/266—Esters or carbonates
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
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- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of space precision industrial cleaning agent, including following components by mass percentage：Dichloromethane 85 95%；Ethanol 0 15%；And ethyl acetate 0 15%.Cleaning fouling rates of the present invention are fast, molten dirt is thorough；Used component is cheap and easily-available, and cleaning cost is low, does not cause excessive resource consumption；Cleaning agent is to biology and environment low toxicity；Cleaning condition is gentle, independent of intensified condition；Cleaning agent is nonflammable, explosive, and cleaning agent accomplishes Phosphateless environmentally friendly, and reduces COD value；The cleaning process not insoluble matter under cleaning object remained on surface, does not produce new dirt, does not form the new coating for being harmful to subsequent handling, do not influence the quality of product, do not have an impact the foam and peculiar smell of cleaning process and on-site sanitation.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to cleaning agent field, more particularly to a kind of boat for being used to carry out the space flight pipe fitting of precision cleaning by degreasing
Its accurate industrial cleaning agent.
Background technology
Cleaning agent is a very big category, and species is various, including inorganic cleaning agent and the major class of organic washing agent two, organic
Cleaning agent is exactly to contain cleaning agent made of carbon compound, and inorganic cleaning agent is exactly cleaning agent made of carbon-free compound.
Cleaning agent is divided into cleaning agent (aqua type), cleaning agent (half aqua type), cleaning agent (solvent-borne type) by the difference of solvent.
Cleaning agent (aqua type) is configured to by surfactant and various auxiliary agents, adjuvant, on washing body surface
Dirt when, the surface tension of the aqueous solution can be reduced, improve the material of clean effect.It is divided into solid washing by product appearance form
Agent, liquid detergent.Solid detergent yield is very big, traditionally referred to as washing powder, including fine-powdered, graininess and hollow bead
Shape etc..Countries in the world generally produce hollow bead shape solid detergent, using high tower spray drying method, its master operation slurry system
Standby, spray drying, wind send aging and packaging.Liquid detergent manufacture is easy, only need to be by surfactant, auxiliary agent and other additions
Agent, and the water through processing, feeding mixer are mixed.
Water is most important cleaning agent, there is the irreplaceable effect of other any cleaning agents and status.Common water is very
Easily obtained from nature, water has very strong dissolving power and dispersion force.But the surface tension of water is big, need to add in use
Add surfactant, to reduce surface tension, increase surface moist.In general industry cleaning, the match ratio of acid, alkali and water
More typically, in accurate and ultraprecise industry cleaning link, antirust agent to be added is washed with water in some metals, most of to require water being made
Pure water.In recent years.Selected areas of China serious water shortage, challenge is proposed to water for cleaning.In accurate industry cleaning link, prepare
Pure water somewhat expensive.To heat and dry after washing, increase many rinsing stations.Power consumption is big, and operating cost is generally washed than solvent
Will height；The unprocessed just directly discharge of waste water in addition in the past largely containing chemical active agent and dirt.Some also carry poison
The very big heavy metal of property, seriously pollutes environment.
Cleaning agent (half aqua type) is made up of high boiling solvent and activating agent etc..Usually contain 5%-20% moisture, one
As it is nonflammable, heat cleaning agent when water content control it is improper, it is possible to create combustion phenomena.It is to peel off in half aqua type cleaning institute
Remove, rather than dissolving.In order to prevent the greasy dirt peeled off to be attached to again in cleaned material, cleaning fluid will be circulated continuously, and
Increase oil water separator.It is fine partly to wash usual cleaning performance, but operating cost is higher, and waste liquid can not regenerate recovery, and repetition makes
With (chemical oxygen consumption (COC)) containing COD is higher, it is necessary to carry out wastewater treatment.
Cleaning agent (solvent-borne type) refers to organic solvent not soluble in water.By varsol, halogenated hydrocarbon, alcohols solvent, ether
Class solvent, ketones solvent, esters solvent, phenol solvent, mixed solvent composition.
Japanese defatting technology uses CFC-113 (trichorotrifluoroethane), ethanol, n-hexane, nitromethane composition cleaning
Agent, though the cleaning agent of these mixed solvents composition overcomes the shortcomings that inflammable and explosive, contact has anesthesia to make to CFC-113 for a long time
With, it is irritant to eye and skin, water body and air are polluted, there is extremely strong destructive power, ODP (consumption ozone to ozone layer
Latent energy value) it is that 0.9, GWP (global warming coefficient value) is 1.551.
U.S.'s defatting technology is used HCFC-141b (a fluorine dichloroethanes), HCFC-123, methanol, nitromethane and formed
Cleaning agent, HFCF-141b ODP (destroy ozone latent energy value) is (complete for 0.09, GWP in the cleaning agent of these mixed solvents composition
Ball warms coefficient value) substitute destructions of the CFC-113 to ozone layer for 0.195 and decline, but have to ozone layer and be difficult to what is recovered
Infringement, while the presence of methanol or nitromethane, make solution carry moderate toxicity.
At present carbon tetrachloride is generally used in China Aviation space industry stainless steel pipeline-cleaning oil removing, fluorochlorohydrocarbon class, third
The organic solvents such as ketone.Carbon tetrachloride toxicity is big, and Central nervous system has anesthetic effect, has serious infringement to people liver, kidney；Fluorine chlorine
Hydro carbons has extremely strong destructive power to atmospheric ozone layer；Acetone is volatile, easily crystallization, and belong to control chemicals.Navigated in aviation
Its field, more and more higher is required for the cleaning by degreasing of various pipe fittings, the grease and fifth wheel remained in pipe fitting can cause greatly
Ground potential safety hazard, influence whole experiment and launch mission.
The content of the invention
For above-mentioned technical problem, it is fast that the present invention proposes a kind of cleaning speed, and cleaning is thorough, and noresidue, cost is low, makes
With mild condition, the space precision industrial cleaning agent of low toxic and environment-friendly,.
The technical scheme is that：
A kind of space precision industrial cleaning agent, including following components by mass percentage：
Dichloromethane 85-95%；Ethanol 0-15%；And ethyl acetate 1-15%.
Preferably, in described space precision industrial cleaning agent, including the following components based on quality percentage：
Dichloromethane 93-95%；Ethanol 1-5%；And ethyl acetate 1-5%.
Preferably, described space precision industrial cleaning agent, in addition to nonionic surface active agent.
Preferably, described space precision industrial cleaning agent, to be made up of following components by mass percentage：
Dichloromethane 93-95%；Ethanol 1-5%；Ethyl acetate 1-5%；And nonionic surface active agent 2%.
Preferably, described space precision industrial cleaning agent, to be made up of following components by mass percentage：
Dichloromethane 93%；Ethanol 3%；Ethyl acetate 2%；And nonionic surface active agent 2%.
Preferably, in described space precision industrial cleaning agent, the nonionic surface active agent gathers for castor oil
Any one in oxygen vinethene, OPEO and sorbitol polyoxyethylene ether.
Space precision industrial cleaning agent of the present invention has the beneficial effect that：
(1) cleaning agent itself has very strong reaction to dirt, disperses or dissolves Scavenging activity, can within the limited period time
Dirt more thoroughly is removed, cleaning fouling rates are fast, molten dirt is thorough.,
(2) component is cheap and easily-available used by, and cleaning cost is low, does not cause excessive resource consumption.Cleaning agent is to biology
With environment low toxicity, discarded, waste liquid, the waste residue generated, the requirement for meeting national relevant laws and regulations can be processed to.Cleaning condition
Gently, independent of intensified condition, too high requirement is not needed to temperature, pressure such as.Cleaning agent is nonflammable, explosive, cleaning
Phosphateless environmentally friendly is accomplished in agent, and reduces COD value.
(3) the cleaning process not insoluble matter under cleaning object remained on surface, does not produce new dirt, does not form new be harmful to
The coating of subsequent handling, does not influence the quality of product, does not have an impact the foam and peculiar smell of cleaning process and on-site sanitation.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the distribution map of the solubility parameter SP values of cleaning agent of the embodiment 1 of the present invention to embodiment 7；
Fig. 2 is the distribution map of the surface tension of cleaning agent of the embodiment 1 of the present invention to embodiment 7；
Fig. 3 is the density profile of cleaning agent of the embodiment 1 of the present invention to embodiment 7；
Fig. 4 is the viscosity profile of cleaning agent of the embodiment 1 of the present invention to embodiment 7；
Fig. 5 is the boiling point distribution figure of cleaning agent of the embodiment 1 of the present invention to embodiment 7；
Fig. 6 is the flash-point distribution map of cleaning agent of the embodiment 1 of the present invention to embodiment 7；
Fig. 7 is the KB Distribution value figures of cleaning agent of the embodiment 8 of the present invention to embodiment 19；
Fig. 8 is the solubility parameter SP Distribution value figures of cleaning agent of the embodiment 8 of the present invention to embodiment 19；
Fig. 9 is the surface tension distribution map of cleaning agent of the embodiment 8 of the present invention to embodiment 19；
Figure 10 is the density profile of cleaning agent of the embodiment 8 of the present invention to embodiment 19；
Figure 11 is the viscosity profile of cleaning agent of the embodiment 8 of the present invention to embodiment 19；
The boiling point distribution figure of cleaning agent of Figure 12 embodiments 8 of the present invention to embodiment 19；
Figure 13 is the flash-point distribution map of cleaning agent of the embodiment 8 of the present invention to embodiment 19；
Figure 14 is the KB Distribution value figures of cleaning agent of the embodiment 20 of the present invention to embodiment 23；
Figure 15 is the solubility parameter SP Distribution value figures of cleaning agent of the embodiment 20 of the present invention to embodiment 23；
Figure 16 is the boiling point distribution figure of cleaning agent of the embodiment 20 of the present invention to embodiment 23；
Figure 17 is the flash-point distribution map of cleaning agent of the embodiment 20 of the present invention to embodiment 23；
Figure 18 is the schematic diagram that U-tube method determines surface tension.
Embodiment
In order to facilitate the understanding of the purposes, features and advantages of the present invention, below to the specific reality of the present invention
The mode of applying is described in detail.
The invention provides a kind of space precision industrial cleaning agent, including following components by mass percentage：Dichloro
Methane 85-95%；Ethanol 0-15%；And ethyl acetate 1-15%.
In a preferred embodiment, in described space precision industrial cleaning agent, including based on quality percentage with
Lower component：Dichloromethane 93-95%；Ethanol 1-5%；And ethyl acetate 1-5%.
In a preferred embodiment, described space precision industrial cleaning agent, in addition to non-ionic surfactant
Agent.
In a preferred embodiment, described space precision industrial cleaning agent, be by by mass percentage with
The following group packet into：Dichloromethane 93-95%；Ethanol 1-5%；Ethyl acetate 1-5%；And nonionic surface active agent 2%.
In a preferred embodiment, described space precision industrial cleaning agent, be by by mass percentage with
The following group packet into：Dichloromethane 93%；Ethanol 3%；Ethyl acetate 2%；And nonionic surface active agent 2%.
In a preferred embodiment, in described space precision industrial cleaning agent, the non-ionic surfactant
Agent is any one in castor oil polyoxyethylene ether, OPEO and sorbitol polyoxyethylene ether.
In order to further illustrate technical scheme, following examples are now provided.
Embodiment 1 is to embodiment 7
The proportioning of cleaning agent into embodiment 7 of embodiment 1 is shown in Table 1.
The proportioning of each component in cleaning agent into embodiment 7 of embodiment 1 of table 1
Test experiments are carried out to the cleaning agent of embodiment 1 to embodiment 7.
(1) KB values are analyzed
The embodiment 1 of table 2 to the cleaning agent of embodiment 7 KB values
The KB values of embodiment 1 to embodiment 7 are shown in Table 1.KB values represent the index of varsol Comparative dissolution ability, and KB values are got over
Big explanation solvent solvability is stronger, and for detergent solution, KB values do not require too high, and KB values are too high, and solvability is big.
(2) solubility parameter SP values are analyzed
The solubility parameter SP values of embodiment 1 to embodiment 7 are shown in Fig. 1, and as can be known from Fig. 1, overall data remains basically stable.It is molten
Solution degree parameter SP is a physical constant for weighing fluent material compatibility, and the solubility parameter of two kinds of high polymer materials gets over phase
Closely, blending effect is better, and both differences have exceeded 0.5, it is difficult to which blending is uniform.Intermetallic composite coating uses substantial amounts of oils product,
These oils require that lubrication, antirust, temperature reduction performance are good.Machine oil, diesel oil, kerosene, vaseline, paraffin are antirust oil, lubricating oil, breast
Change the bulk composition of liquid, lubricating and antirust fat etc..
Machine oil is made up of base oil and additive two parts, and base oil is the main component of lubricating oil, decides lubricating oil
Fundamental property, additive can then make up and improve the deficiency of base oil aspect of performance, be the important component of lubricating oil.
Base oil is divided into 5 classes by U.S. API according to the key property that base oil forms：
I classes are solvent refining base oil, there is higher sulfur content and unsaturated hydrocarbons (mainly aromatic hydrocarbons)；
II classes are hydrotreating base oil, and sulphur nitrogen content and arene content are relatively low；
Group III is mainly hydroisomerizing base oil, and not only sulphur, arene content are low, and viscosity index (VI) is very high；
IV birdss of the same feather flock together a- olefin oil base oils；
The machine oil that lathe is used is mainly I classes, and unsaturated hydrocarbons forms, mainly aromatic hydrocarbons.
Diesel oil main component is alkane, cycloalkanes or aromatic hydrocarbons containing 10 to 22 carbon atoms.
Kerosene is carbon number C11-C17 high-boiling hydrocarbon mixture, and main component is saturated hydrocarbons, also contains insatiable hunger
With hydrocarbon and aromatic hydrocarbon.The solubility parameter SP of aromatic hydrocarbons is in 5.1-5.4 or so.
(3) surface tension is analyzed
The surface tension of the cleaning agent of the various embodiments described above remains basically stable (see Fig. 2), and the surface tension of cleaning agent is slightly higher
In the surface tension of dichloromethane, surface tension is small, and penetration is strong.
(4) density analysis
As shown in figure 3, the density of the various embodiments described above cleaning agent remains basically stable, cleaning agent density is a basic sign
Amount, with the density difference of water in the range of 0.5 with regard to the requirement of industrial cleaning agent can be met.
(5) Viscosity Analysis
As shown in figure 4, the viscosity of the various embodiments described above cleaning agent remains basically stable, the viscosity of cleaning agent is slightly above 1-12 groups
Viscosity, viscosity is smaller, and penetrating power is better, and cleaning greasy dirt cleaning performance is better.
(6) boiling point is analyzed
As shown in figure 5, the azeotropic boiling point of the various embodiments described above cleaning agent is higher, more it is not easy to volatilize.Dichloromethane boiling point
Low, volatile under summer outdoor environment, the solvent need to add other organic solvents and form azeotropic mixture, to suppress it in summer
Volatilization under outdoor conditions.
(7) flash-point is analyzed
As shown in fig. 6, the flash-point of the various embodiments described above cleaning agent is higher.Flash-point is flammable liquid storage, transports and make
One safety index, and the volatility index of flammable liquid.The low flammable liquid of flash-point, volatility is high, easily
Catch fire, security is poor.Precision cleaning agent solution flash-point is higher, avoids that fire easily occurs, ensures its security.
Embodiment 8 is to embodiment 19
Embodiment 8 to the proportioning of the cleaning agent of embodiment 19 is shown in Table 3.
The proportioning of each component into embodiment 19 of embodiment 8 of table 3
Embodiment 8 to the properties of the cleaning agent of embodiment 19 is tested.Specific test result is shown in Fig. 7 to Figure 13,
Wherein, Fig. 7 abscissa numbering A1, A2, A3, B1, B2, B3, C1, C2, C3, D1, D2 and D3 into Figure 13 represents embodiment 8 successively
To embodiment 19.
(1) KB values are analyzed
As shown in fig. 7, embodiment 8 meets the requirement of precise cleaning agent to the KB values of the cleaning agent of embodiment 19 in theory,
The KB values of precise cleaning agent can not be too high, if the metal material surface of cleaning has a composite, KB values too high energy is by surface
Composite is dissolved, and the material of cleaning is caused to damage.Dichloromethane content exists in 93%-95%, ethanol, ethyl acetate content
During 5%-7% (embodiment 15, embodiment 16, embodiment 18, embodiment 19), the KB values of cleaning agent are optimal.
(2) solubility parameter SP values are analyzed
As shown in figure 8, embodiment 8 is to the solubility parameter SP of the cleaning agent of embodiment 19 and the dissolving of machine oil, diesel oil, kerosene
Spend parameter SP differences and be less than 0.5, mixed effect is preferable, meets the requirement of precise cleaning agent.Dichloromethane content is in 93%-
95%, ethanol, ethyl acetate content in 5%-7% (embodiment 15, embodiment 16, embodiment 18, embodiment 19), cleaning
The solubility parameter SP of agent is optimal.
(3) surface tension is analyzed
Data are seen from Fig. 9, and dichloromethane content is in 93%-95%, and ethanol, ethyl acetate content are in 5%-7%
(i.e. embodiment 15, embodiment 16, embodiment 18, embodiment 19), the surface tension of cleaning agent is optimal.
(4) density analysis
Data are seen from Figure 10, and embodiment 8 to the density of the cleaning agent of embodiment 19 remains basically stable, and overall viscosity exists
1.2g/cm3Left and right.Comprehensive other several technical parameters, dichloromethane content exist in 93%-95%, ethanol, ethyl acetate content
During 5%-7% (embodiment 15, embodiment 16, embodiment 18, embodiment 19), the density of cleaning agent is optimal.
(5) Viscosity Analysis
Data are seen since embodiment 14 from Figure 11, and the viscosity of cleaning agent has the trend gradually risen, embodiment 8 to
The overall viscosity of embodiment 19 is in 2mpa.s or so.Dichloromethane content exists in 93%-95%, ethanol, ethyl acetate content
During 5%-7% (embodiment 15, embodiment 16, embodiment 18, embodiment 19), the flash-point of cleaning agent is optimal.
(6) boiling point is analyzed
Data are found out from Figure 12, and with the increase of dichloromethane content, the boiling point of cleaning agent has a declining tendency, still
Compared with the boiling point of one-component or elevated, dichloromethane content is in 93%-95%, and ethanol, ethyl acetate content are in 5%-7%
When (embodiment 15, embodiment 16, embodiment 18, embodiment 19), the boiling point of cleaning agent is optimal.
(7) flash-point is analyzed
Data can see from Figure 13, and the more other components of flash-point of embodiment 14 and embodiment 15 are high.Dichloromethane contains
Amount is in 93%-95%, ethanol, ethyl acetate content (embodiment 15, embodiment 16, embodiment 18, implementation in 5%-7%
Example 19), the flash-point of cleaning agent is optimal.
Embodiment 20 is to embodiment 23
Embodiment 20 to the proportioning of the cleaning agent of embodiment 23 is shown in Table 4.
The proportioning of the embodiment 20 of table 4 each component into the cleaning agent of embodiment 23
Into embodiment 23, nonionic surface active agent mass percent shared in cleaning agent is embodiment 21
2%, dichloromethane, ethanol and the ethyl acetate shared mass ratio in cleaning agent are respectively 93%, 3% and 2%.
Used nonionic surface active agent：
EL-20 performance parameter：Title：Castor oil polyoxyethylene ether；Outward appearance：Weak yellow liquid；Hydroxyl value：90-100；PH：
5-7。
OP-10 performance parameter：Title：OPEO；Outward appearance：Yellow viscous liquid；Hydroxyl value：83-93；
PH：5-7.
TWEEN-20 performance parameter：Title：Sorbitol polyoxyethylene ether；Outward appearance：Light yellow viscous liquid；Hydroxyl value：90-
110；PH：5-7.
Embodiment 20 to the properties of the cleaning agent of embodiment 23 is tested.Specific test result is shown in Figure 14 to figure
17, wherein, Figure 14 abscissa numbering A1, A01, A11 and A21 into Figure 17 represent embodiment 20 to embodiment 23 successively.
Find out in from Figure 14 to Figure 17, addition EL-20 compounding cleaning agent (i.e. embodiment 21) KB values be slightly less than and its
The cleaning agent of its three groups of embodiment.The KB values of precise cleaning agent can not be too high, if the metal material surface of cleaning has composite wood
The composite on surface is dissolved, the material of cleaning is caused to damage by material, KB values too high energy.Add the cleaning agent of EL-20 compoundings
Solubility parameter SP and the cleaning agent of other three groups of embodiments maintain an equal level.The boiling point of the cleaning agent of addition EL-20 compoundings is slightly larger than it
The cleaning agent of its three groups of embodiment.Boiling point is higher, and detergent solution is not allowed volatile in cleaning.Add the clear of EL-20 compoundings
The flash-point of lotion is slightly larger than the cleaning agent of other three groups of embodiments, and flash-point is higher, it is not easy to explodes, security is good.
Therefore, by the way that KB values, solubility parameter SP, boiling point, flash-point are compared, it with the addition of EL-20 cleaning agent (i.e.
Embodiment 21) four parameters performance it is optimal.
Embodiment 24 and comparative example
Cleaning experiment is carried out using the cleaning agent of embodiment 20 to embodiment 23 and a comparative example.Cleaning experiment：Clearly
Lotion dosage 100g, greasy dirt amount (machine oil, diesel oil, kerosene) 20g, subjects are 10 × 5 × 5cm3Canister.Comparative example is
The cleaning agent of carbon tetrachloride and acetone compounding.
Cleaning process is monitored using SITA instrument for oil contamination, detects the cleannes of canister.Reading mode：Percent value
Or RFU values (relative fluorescence units), RFU values are higher, and cleannes situation is poorer.The inspection of cleaning experiment
Survey the results are shown in Table 5.
The embodiment 20 of table 5 is to embodiment 23 and the cleaning test result of a comparative example
It can see according to wash result in table 5, cleaning performance is ordered as the clear of addition EL-20 compoundings successively from excellent to difference
Lotion (embodiment 21), the cleaning agent (embodiment 22) for adding OP-10 compoundings, the cleaning agent (implementation for adding TWEEN-20 compoundings
Example 23), the cleaning agent (embodiment 20) that does not add surfactant compound, this room carbon tetrachloride and the cleaning agent of acetone compounding
(comparative example).The cleaning greasy dirt of the cleaning agent of EL-20 compoundings is added, the time cleaned up is most short；Add surfactant
The scavenging period of cleaning agent cleaning greasy dirt is shorter than the cleaning agent for not adding surfactant, the surfactant washing effect of comparative example
Fruit is most slow.
The specific method of every test experiments is：
(1) KB values are tested
The most frequently used method of KB values method measurement varsol dissolving power, KB values are bigger, represent that solvability is stronger.
The preparation of kauri gum-butanol solution：
The kauri gum of 400g cleanings, pale is ground to the particle of soybean grain size, is put into 3L flask, in play
It is 116-118 DEG C of n-butanol that 2Kg boiling points are added under strong stirring, and mechanical agitation is until resin all dissolves.Solution 48h is stood, so
It is complete with Buchner funnel and double-deck middling speed qualitative filter paper suction strainer afterwards, residue is discarded, takes clear liquid stand-by.
At 25 DEG C ± 1 DEG C, (20 ± 0.1) g kauri gum butanol solutions are titrated with toluene, it is muddy as defined in solution produces
During turbidity (titration end-point), volume of toluene V used in record1。
Under similarity condition, with normal heptane and toluene (75%:25%) measured in volume of mixed liquor used when mixed liquor titrates
For V2。
Kauri gum butanol solution (20 ± 0.1) g is titrated with solvent to be measured, volume of sample used is designated as V3。
KB=65*V3-V2/V1-V2+40 (1)
The judgement of turbidity is as far as possible consistent during titration, and turbidity card is observed from top to bottom by solution in bottle, titrates
Printing Marks on to card starts to obscure, it is impossible to which when removing observation, but remaining to read the turbidity of symbol, positioning titration is eventually
Point.
(2) solubility parameter SP is tested
1. turbidimetric titration
In binary dissolves each other system, as long as certain polymer determines solubility parameters δpIn the range of the δ values of two mutual solvents,
We can adjust the solubility parameters of the two mixed solvents that dissolve each other, and make δsmValue and δpVery close to so, as long as we are two
Individual mutual solvents are configured to mixed solvent according to certain percentage, the solubility parameters δ of the mixed solventsmCan approx it represent
For：
δ sm=Φ1δ1+Φ2δ2 (2)
In formula：Φ1、Φ2The volume fraction of component 1 and component 2 in solution is represented respectively.
Turbidimetric titration is that polymer to be measured is dissolved in a certain solvent, then with precipitating reagent (can be miscible with the solvent) come
Titration, untill solution starts to become turbid.So, we just obtain the solubility parameters δ in cloud temperature mixed solventsmValue.
Polymer is dissolved in the system of binary mutual solvents, it is allowed to which the solubility parameters of system has a scope.This tests me
Titrate polymer solution from two kinds of precipitating reagents with different solubility parameters, so obtain dissolving the mixed with polymers molten
The upper and lower bound of agent parameter, then take the δ of its average value, as polymerpValue.
Here δmhAnd δmlThe precipitating reagent titration polymer solution of respectively high and low solubility parameters, is mixed molten in cloud temperature
The solubility parameters of agent.
(1) selection of solvent and precipitating reagent
Cleaning agent sample solubility parameters δ to be measured is determined firstpScope.A small amount of sample is taken, is made in different δ solvent molten
Solution experiment, at room temperature if insoluble or dissolving is slower, cleaning agent to be measured and solvent are heated can together, and hot solution is cold
But to room temperature, just it is considered solvable not separate out precipitation.Therefrom select suitable solvent and precipitating reagent.
(2) according to selected solvent prepared polymer solution
0.2 gram or so of cleaning agent sample to be measured is weighed to be dissolved in 25ml solvent and (make solvent with chloroform).Use pipette
5ml (or 10ml) solution is drawn, is placed in a test tube, first polymer solution is titrated with pentane, precipitates.Vibrate test tube,
Dissolve precipitation.Continue to instill pentane, precipitation is gradually difficult to vibration dissolving.Being titrated to the precipitation of appearance can not just be dissolved as
Only, the pentane volume spent is write down.Again with methanol titrates, and operates same pentane, writes down methanol volume used.
(3) 0.1 gram, 0.05 gram or so of above-mentioned cleaning agent sample to be measured are weighed respectively, is dissolved in 25ml solvent, ibid
Operation is titrated.
Formula (2) calculates the solubility parameters δ of mixed solventmhAnd δml, the solubility parameters δ of formula (3) calculating mixed solventp。
(3) surface tension is tested
The water surface of the pure water in glass tube be it is dished, as shown in figure 18.Liquid concavity water in U-tube
Face, and it is r that can approx regard radius as1、r2Hemisphere face.If pA、pBThe respectively pressure of underwater A, B points, p0For air
Pressure, the then condition that the water surface balances are：
θ is the contact angle of liquid and glass tube in formula, and γ is surface tension of liquid.
Due to the glass and water of cleaning, θ=0, then：
If atmospheric pressures of the Δ p between two concave surface minimum points is poor, pA=pC, then：
Δ p=pB-pA=ρ gh (8)
Differences in height of the h between two liquid level minimum points A, B in formula.
Comprehensive (6), (7), (8) Shi Ke get：
As long as above formula shows to measure the internal diameter d of two glass tubes1、d2With the difference in height h of two liquid levels, liquid table can be tried to achieve
The face coefficient of tension.
(4) density measurement
The density of the quality of contained substance, referred to as material in unit volume.Liquid can be accurately determined using bottle method
Density.
Calculation formula is：ρ={ ρWater t.(g3—g1)}/(g2—g1) (10)
The wherein density of ρ-testing liquid
ρWater tThe density of water during-assigned temperature
g1The weight of-specific gravity bottle
g2The weight of-specific gravity bottle and the weight sum for loading water
g3The weight of-specific gravity bottle and the weight sum for loading ethanol
(5) viscosity test
The size of liquid viscosity, typically represented with viscosity coefficient η, when measuring the viscosity of liquid with capillary tube method, then
Viscosity coefficient (abbreviation viscosity) can be calculated by Poiseuille's formula.
η=π Ptr4/8VL (11)
The liquid volume of V-flowed through in time t capillary
The pressure differential at P-capillary both ends
R-pipe radius
L-pipe range
In CGS systems, the unit of viscosity is moors (P), 1P=1drn.s.cm-1, in the International System of Units, viscosity is
(PaS), 1P=0.1PaS, if it is a difficult job to determine liquid absolute viscosity according to above formula, but liquid is determined to certain
The relative viscosity of kind of liquid (known-viscosity) is then simple and easy therefore in the absolute viscosity of certain known liquid
Calculate the absolute viscosity of fluid to be measured.
If two kinds of liquid flow separately through same capillary under gravity itself, and elution volume is equal, then
η1=π P1t1r4/8VL η2=π P2t2r4/8VL
P=ρ gh in formula
The liquid level difference of h-promotion liquid flowing
ρ-fluid density
G-acceleration of gravity
If taking the given volume of style every time, the situations of h in test can be kept identical, therefore η1/η2=ρ1t1/ρ2t2The viscosity of known normal fluid and their density, then the viscosity of fluid to be measured can be calculated by above formula.
(6) boiling point is tested
Testing liquid is added in distilling flask by funnel, adds 2-3 grain zeolites.Connect condensed water to begin to warm up, temperature
Degree slowly rises.
When opposing steam flow interface rises to thermometer mercury ball position, temperature steeply rises, and controls temperature, keeping temperature meter water
Steam condensate is attached with ping-pong ball, keeps gas-liquid two-phase balance, now temperature is distillate boiling point.
Distillation speed control is in 1-2 drops/s, the temperature when drop distillate of record first instills receiver and when liquid has steamed
Degree, the i.e. boiling point of the material.
(7) flash-point is tested
1. heating crucible makes sample gradually rise temperature, when 60 DEG C before specimen temperature reaches expected flash-point, adjustment heating
Speed；When 40 DEG C before specimen temperature reaches flash-point, programming rate is controlled as 4 DEG C ± 1 DEG C of rise per minute.
2. fire trial specimen temperature reaches before expected flash-point 10 DEG C, the flame of igniter is put into test coupon liquid level
At 10~14mm, and moved linearly in the horizontal direction along crucible internal diameter, from when one side of crucible moves to that another side passed through
Between be 2~3s.Specimen temperature, which often raises 2 DEG C, should be repeated once fire trial.
3. blue flame initially occurs in measure flash-point sample ullage, temperature is read from thermometer immediately, as sudden strain of a muscle
The measurement result of point, while record atmospheric pressure.
Although the present invention is disclosed as above with preferred embodiment, it is not for limiting the present invention, any this area skill
Art personnel without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, can make possible variation and modification, therefore, guarantor of the invention
Shield scope should be defined by the scope that the claims in the present invention are defined.
Claims (6)
1. a kind of space precision industrial cleaning agent, it is characterised in that including following components by mass percentage：
Dichloromethane 85-95%；Ethanol 0-15%；And ethyl acetate 0-15%.
2. space precision industrial cleaning agent as claimed in claim 2, it is characterised in that below by mass percentage
Component：
Dichloromethane 93-95%；Ethanol 1-5%；And ethyl acetate 1-5%.
3. space precision industrial cleaning agent as claimed in claim 2, it is characterised in that also including non-ionic surfactant
Agent.
4. space precision industrial cleaning agent as claimed in claim 3, it is characterised in that by by mass percentage with the following group
It is grouped into：
Dichloromethane 93-95%；Ethanol 1-5%；Ethyl acetate 1-5%；And nonionic surface active agent 2%.
5. space precision industrial cleaning agent as claimed in claim 4, it is characterised in that by by mass percentage with the following group
It is grouped into：
Dichloromethane 93%；Ethanol 3%；Ethyl acetate 2%；And nonionic surface active agent 2%.
6. the space precision industrial cleaning agent as any one of claim 3 to 5, it is characterised in that the nonionic
Surfactant is any one in castor oil polyoxyethylene ether, OPEO and sorbitol polyoxyethylene ether.
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2020026131A (en) * | 2018-08-08 | 2020-02-20 | 株式会社Ａｘｅｌ | Repair liquid for polycarbonate resin product and method for repairing polycarbonate resin product |
| CN113604292A (en) * | 2021-09-13 | 2021-11-05 | 常州智高化学科技有限公司 | Modified alcohol detergent and preparation method thereof |
| CN115896800A (en) * | 2022-12-05 | 2023-04-04 | 中国工程物理研究院材料研究所 | Cleaning agent and application and recovery method thereof in metal cleaning |
Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1085945A (en) * | 1992-10-20 | 1994-04-27 | 航空航天工业部第一研究院第一○一研究所 | Degreased cleaning agent |
| CN106906082A (en) * | 2017-03-08 | 2017-06-30 | 齐齐哈尔百思特科技有限责任公司 | One kind is except gluing cleaning agent and preparation method thereof |
-
2017
- 2017-09-11 CN CN201710812539.0A patent/CN107779301B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1085945A (en) * | 1992-10-20 | 1994-04-27 | 航空航天工业部第一研究院第一○一研究所 | Degreased cleaning agent |
| CN106906082A (en) * | 2017-03-08 | 2017-06-30 | 齐齐哈尔百思特科技有限责任公司 | One kind is except gluing cleaning agent and preparation method thereof |
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2020026131A (en) * | 2018-08-08 | 2020-02-20 | 株式会社Ａｘｅｌ | Repair liquid for polycarbonate resin product and method for repairing polycarbonate resin product |
| JP6999857B1 (en) | 2018-08-08 | 2022-01-19 | 株式会社Axel | How to repair polycarbonate resin products |
| JP2022022250A (en) * | 2018-08-08 | 2022-02-03 | 株式会社Axel | Method of repairing polycarbonate resin product |
| CN113604292A (en) * | 2021-09-13 | 2021-11-05 | 常州智高化学科技有限公司 | Modified alcohol detergent and preparation method thereof |
| CN115896800A (en) * | 2022-12-05 | 2023-04-04 | 中国工程物理研究院材料研究所 | Cleaning agent and application and recovery method thereof in metal cleaning |
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