CN107776601A - Bogie and there is its rail vehicle - Google Patents
Bogie and there is its rail vehicle Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN107776601A CN107776601A CN201710854485.4A CN201710854485A CN107776601A CN 107776601 A CN107776601 A CN 107776601A CN 201710854485 A CN201710854485 A CN 201710854485A CN 107776601 A CN107776601 A CN 107776601A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- bolster
- bogie
- guiding
- guide frame
- supporting part
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
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Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B61—RAILWAYS
- B61F—RAIL VEHICLE SUSPENSIONS, e.g. UNDERFRAMES, BOGIES OR ARRANGEMENTS OF WHEEL AXLES; RAIL VEHICLES FOR USE ON TRACKS OF DIFFERENT WIDTH; PREVENTING DERAILING OF RAIL VEHICLES; WHEEL GUARDS, OBSTRUCTION REMOVERS OR THE LIKE FOR RAIL VEHICLES
- B61F5/00—Constructional details of bogies; Connections between bogies and vehicle underframes; Arrangements or devices for adjusting or allowing self-adjustment of wheel axles or bogies when rounding curves
- B61F5/02—Arrangements permitting limited transverse relative movements between vehicle underframe or bolster and bogie; Connections between underframes and bogies
- B61F5/04—Bolster supports or mountings
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B61—RAILWAYS
- B61F—RAIL VEHICLE SUSPENSIONS, e.g. UNDERFRAMES, BOGIES OR ARRANGEMENTS OF WHEEL AXLES; RAIL VEHICLES FOR USE ON TRACKS OF DIFFERENT WIDTH; PREVENTING DERAILING OF RAIL VEHICLES; WHEEL GUARDS, OBSTRUCTION REMOVERS OR THE LIKE FOR RAIL VEHICLES
- B61F5/00—Constructional details of bogies; Connections between bogies and vehicle underframes; Arrangements or devices for adjusting or allowing self-adjustment of wheel axles or bogies when rounding curves
- B61F5/50—Other details
- B61F5/52—Bogie frames
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Springs (AREA)
- Handcart (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a kind of bogie and there is its rail vehicle, including two side frames and the bolster that is arranged between two side frames, bogie also include supporting part, the both ends of supporting part are connected with side frame respectively, and supporting part is parallel to bolster.Because the bogie of the present invention includes supporting part, the both ends of supporting part are connected with two side frames respectively, it is and parallel with bolster, when the bogie of the present invention is by external force, supporting part can play a part of supporting two side frames, so as to be effectively improved the diamond resistant rigidity of the bogie of the present invention, prevent the generation of diamonding, simultaneously because supporting part is parallel with bolster, it reasonably make use of the inner space of bogie, supporting part need not pass through bolster, not below bolster, the design of bolster is not influenceed, not because bolster accommodate supporting part and must perforate cause bolster strength reduction, facilitate the installation of staff.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to bogie technique field, in particular to a kind of bogie and has its rail vehicle.
Background technology
The railway freight-car of the wheel track vehicles is typically by the part such as car body, bogie, brake apparatus, coupler and draft gear group
Into.Wherein, the effect of bogie is supporting body, and guiding vehicle is born various from car body and circuit along rail running
Load.Most common bogie is cast steel research two axle truck on railway freight-car, it by a bolster, two side frames,
Two wheels are to the composition such as, spring damper and brake apparatus.
According to relevant theory, bogie diamond resistant rigidity is small, and vehicle operation critical speed can be caused not high.Cast steel research
The anti-diamonding rigidity of bogie is small, is also easy to produce diamonding, and side frames are also easy to produce dislocation.Wedge and side frame, bolster during normotopia
Closely connected, wedge rotates after dislocation, and two wedges also misplace, and influences bogie normal work.
Prior art one：For becoming friction shock absorber bogie, method is to lift damping spring, increase wedge to side frame
Normal pressure, while widen wedge along bolster direction, to increase bogie diamond resistant rigidity.
The shortcomings that this structure is：Limited by structure, damped coefficient, damping spring lifts, wedge normal pressure increases, wedge is wide
Degree is widened limited, and the increase to bogie diamond resistant rigidity is limited, does not reach required value.
Prior art two：Using normal friction shock absorber, damping spring can is provided more energetically, so that tiltedly during empty wagons
Wedge keeps less low level to side frame normal pressure.For normal friction shock absorber bogie, increase wedge can be also used to side frame
Normal pressure, the method increase bogie diamond resistant rigidity for widening along bolster direction wedge.
The shortcomings that this structure is：Limited by structure, damped coefficient, wedge normal pressure, which increases, wedge width is widened has
Limit, the increase to bogie diamond resistant rigidity is limited, does not reach required value.
Prior art three：Side frames are connected using additional mechanism providing additional operation (such as crossbar), prevent its dislocation, from
And increase bogie diamond resistant rigidity.
The shortcomings that this structure is：Increased additional mechanism providing additional operation crossbar space-consuming, otherwise set through bolster, influence bolster
Meter and intensity, or below bolster, taking bolster catenary motion space, the design on brake apparatus influences also larger.
The content of the invention
It is a primary object of the present invention to provide a kind of bogie and there is its rail vehicle, to solve in the prior art
Bogie diamond resistant rigidity bottom the problem of.
To achieve these goals, the invention provides a kind of bogie, including two side frames and two side frames are arranged on
Between bolster, bogie also includes supporting part, and the both ends of supporting part are connected with side frame respectively, and supporting part is parallel to bolster.
Further, supporting part includes two support beams, and length direction of two support beams along side frame is arranged at intervals, and point
The both sides of bolster are not arranged on.
Further, installing space is provided with two side frames, the both ends of bolster are separately positioned in two installing spaces,
And it may move along the short transverse of installing space.
Further, guide part is provided between the end of bolster and the end of support beam, is being pacified with the end to bolster
Movement in dress space is oriented to.
Further, guide part includes the first guide frame and the second guide frame, and the first guide frame and second are oriented to
One of structure is arranged on the end of support beam, another end for being arranged on bolster, the first guide frame and the second guide frame phase
Cooperation is oriented to movement of the end to bolster in installing space.
Further, the first guide frame includes the first guiding surface, and the second guide frame includes the second guiding surface, the
One guiding surface and the second guiding surface tilt to the direction away from bolster center line from bottom to top, the first guiding surface and the
Two guiding surfaces abut against, to be oriented to movement of the bolster end in installing space.
Further, the first guide frame includes guiding projection, and guiding projection is arranged on the end of bolster, and first is oriented to tiltedly
Face is arranged on guiding projection；Second guide frame includes being oriented to groove, is oriented to the end that groove is arranged on support beam, second leads
The bottom land for being oriented to groove is formed to inclined-plane, guiding projection, which is slidably mounted in, to be oriented in groove.
Further, the first guide frame includes two guiding projections, and two guiding projections are separately positioned on bolster end
Both sides, coordinate respectively with being oriented to grooves positioned at two of bolster end both sides.
Further, the second guide frame also includes guide surface, be provided with guide surface two guiding raised lines, two
Guiding clearance is formed between guiding raised line, the side wall of installing space is movably disposed in guiding clearance.
Further, bogie also includes wearing plate, and wearing plate is arranged on guiding projection, the remote guide pad of wearing plate
Surface formed the first guiding surface.
According to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a kind of rail vehicle, the rail vehicle include above-mentioned bogie.
Apply the technical scheme of the present invention, because the bogie of the present invention includes supporting part, the both ends of supporting part respectively with
Two side frame connections, and it is parallel with bolster, and when the bogie of the present invention is by external force, supporting part can play two sides of support
The effect of frame, so as to be effectively improved the diamond resistant rigidity of the bogie of the present invention, it is therefore prevented that the generation of diamonding, while by
It is parallel with bolster in supporting part, the inner space of bogie is reasonably make use of, supporting part need not pass through bolster, not under bolster
Side, do not influence bolster design, not because bolster accommodate supporting part and must perforate cause bolster strength reduction, facilitate work people
The installation of member.
Brief description of the drawings
The Figure of description for forming the part of the application is used for providing a further understanding of the present invention, and of the invention shows
Meaning property embodiment and its illustrate be used for explain the present invention, do not form inappropriate limitation of the present invention.In the accompanying drawings：
Fig. 1 diagrammatically illustrates the structure chart of the embodiment of the bogie of the present invention；And
Fig. 2 diagrammatically illustrates the structure chart of the embodiment of the bolster of the present invention；
Fig. 3 diagrammatically illustrates the structure chart of the embodiment of the support beam of the present invention.
Wherein, above-mentioned accompanying drawing marks including the following drawings：
10th, side frame；20th, bolster；31st, support beam；40th, installing space；51st, the first guiding surface；52nd, second it is oriented to tiltedly
Face；53rd, guiding projection.
Embodiment
It should be noted that in the case where not conflicting, the feature in embodiment and embodiment in the application can phase
Mutually combination.Describe the present invention in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and in conjunction with the embodiments.
As described in background technology, the anti-diamonding rigidity of cast steel three-piece bogie is small, is also easy to produce rhombus
Deformation, side frames are also easy to produce dislocation.Wedge and side frame, bolster are closely connected during normotopia, and wedge rotates after dislocation, and two wedges
Dislocation, influences bogie normal work.
It is shown in Figure 1 in order to solve the above problems, the invention provides a kind of bogie, the steering in the present embodiment
Frame includes two side frames 10 and the bolster 20 that is arranged between two side frames 10, and bogie also includes supporting part, and the two of supporting part
End is connected with side frame 10 respectively, and supporting part is parallel to bolster 20.During installation, staff installs the bolster 20 in the present embodiment
Between two side frames 10, and by the both ends of supporting part between two side frames 10, due to the bogie bag of the present embodiment
Include supporting part, the both ends of supporting part are connected with two side frames respectively, and parallel with bolster, the present embodiment bogie by outer
During power, supporting part can play a part of supporting two side frames, so as to be effectively improved the anti-water chestnut of the bogie of the present embodiment
Rigidity, it is therefore prevented that the generation of diamonding, simultaneously because supporting part is parallel with bolster, reasonably make use of the inside of bogie empty
Between, facilitate the installation of staff.
Referring to shown in Fig. 1 and Fig. 3, in order to further improve the diamond resistant rigidity of the bogie in the present embodiment, specifically come
To say, the supporting part in the present embodiment includes two support beams 31, and length direction of two support beams 31 along side frame 10 is arranged at intervals,
And it is separately positioned on the both sides of bolster 20.During installation, two support beams 31 in the present invention are separately mounted to shake by staff
The both sides of pillow 20, are supported to the side frame position of the both sides of bolster 20 respectively by two support beams 31, so as to improve support
Intensity, and load is reasonably shared in the both sides by being arranged on bolster 20, further ensures the stability of bogie.
It is shown in Figure 1, installing space 40, the both ends difference of bolster 20 are provided with two side frames 10 in the present embodiment
It is arranged in two installing spaces 40, and may move along the short transverse of installing space 40, realizes that the end of bolster is moved.
In order to ensure the accuracy of movement of the bolster end in installing space 40, the end of the bolster 20 in the present embodiment
Guide part is provided between the end of support beam 31, is led with movement of the end to bolster 20 in installing space 40
To.
Specifically, the guide part in the present embodiment includes the first guide frame and the second guide frame, and first is oriented to knot
One of structure and the second guide frame are arranged on the end of support beam 31, another end for being arranged on bolster 20, the first guide frame
It is engaged with the second guide frame and is oriented to movement of the end to bolster 20 in installing space 40.
In order that the guiding of the first guide frame and the second guide frame in the present embodiment is more smooth, in the present embodiment
The first guide frame include the first guiding surface 51, the second guide frame includes the second guiding surface 52, the first guiding surface
51 and second guiding surface 52 tilted from bottom to top to the direction away from bolster 20 center line, the first guiding surface 51 and second
Guiding surface 52 abuts against, to be oriented to movement of the end of bolster 20 in installing space 40.
In order to provide enough installation and space to the installation of the support beam in the present embodiment, the in the present embodiment
One guide frame includes guiding projection 53, and guiding projection 53 is arranged on the end of bolster 20, and the first guiding surface 51, which is arranged on, leads
To on projection 53；Second guide frame includes being oriented to groove, is oriented to the end that groove is arranged on support beam 31, the second guiding surface
52 form the bottom land for being oriented to groove, and guiding projection 53, which is slidably mounted in, to be oriented in groove.During installation, by the present embodiment
Guiding projection 53, which is arranged on, to be oriented in groove, spacing by being oriented to motion progress of the cell wall of groove to guiding projection, so as to right
Guiding projection is oriented in the motion being oriented in groove, meanwhile, by setting installation and motion of the guiding projection to support beam
Provide enough spaces.
In order to realize the cooperation of the bolster in the present embodiment and the support beam of both sides, the first guide frame in the present embodiment
Including two guiding projections 53, two guiding projections 53 are separately positioned on the both sides of the end of bolster 20, respectively with positioned at bolster 20
Two of end both sides are oriented to groove and coordinated.Wherein, the guiding projection in the present embodiment is welded to connect with support beam, also may be used certainly
It is integrally formed with using, as long as the structure of the connective stability between guiding projection and support beam can be ensured.
In order to realize the guide effect of the second guide frame in the present embodiment, enable the second guide frame guide support
High degree of motion of the beam along installing space, the second guide frame in the present embodiment also include guide surface, set in guide surface
Two guiding raised lines are equipped with, form guiding clearance between two guiding raised lines, the side wall of installing space 40 is movably disposed at
In guiding clearance.Acted on by the limition orientation of the guiding raised line of guiding clearance both sides, make the second guide frame in the present embodiment
It can be moved along the side wall of installing space, while be oriented to by being oriented to motion of the groove indirectly to bolster.
In order to ensure the service life of the guiding projection of the present invention, bogie also includes wearing plate, and wearing plate, which is arranged on, leads
To on projection 53, the surface of the remote guiding projection 53 of wearing plate forms the first guiding surface 51, by setting wearing plate and the
Two guiding surface frictions, it is therefore prevented that guiding projection 53 wears.
Preferably, the bogie in the present embodiment also includes the first damping spring and the second damping spring, the first damping bullet
The both ends of spring are connected between the bottom wall of installing space 40 and the first guide frame respectively, and the second damping spring is connected to peace respectively
Between the bottom wall and the second guide frame that fill space 40.
As can be seen from the above description, the above embodiments of the present invention realize following technique effect：
Because the bogie of the present invention includes supporting part, the both ends of supporting part are connected with two side frames respectively, and and bolster
Parallel, when the bogie of the present invention is by external force, supporting part can play a part of supporting two side frames, so as to effectively carry
The high diamond resistant rigidity of the bogie of the present invention, it is therefore prevented that the generation of diamonding, simultaneously because supporting part is parallel with bolster, conjunction
Reason ground make use of the inner space of bogie, supporting part need not through bolster, not below bolster, do not influence bolster design,
Not because bolster accommodate supporting part and must perforate cause bolster strength reduction, facilitate the installation of staff.
It is noted that above-mentioned detailed description is all exemplary, it is intended to provides further instruction to the application.It is unless another
Indicate, all technologies used herein and scientific terminology are with usual with the application person of an ordinary skill in the technical field
The identical meanings of understanding.
It should be noted that term used herein above is merely to describe embodiment, and be not intended to restricted root
According to the illustrative embodiments of the application.As used herein, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, otherwise singulative
It is also intended to include plural form, additionally, it should be understood that, when in this manual using term "comprising" and/or " bag
Include " when, it indicates existing characteristics, step, operation, device, component and/or combinations thereof.
It should be noted that term " first " in the description and claims of this application and above-mentioned accompanying drawing, "
Two " etc. be for distinguishing similar object, without for describing specific order or precedence.It should be appreciated that so use
Term can exchange in the appropriate case, so that presently filed embodiment described herein for example can be with except herein
Order beyond those of diagram or description is implemented.
In addition, term " comprising " and " having " and their any deformation, it is intended that cover it is non-exclusive include, example
Such as, process, method, system, product or the equipment for containing series of steps or unit are not necessarily limited to those clearly listed
Step or unit, but may include not list clearly or for intrinsic other of these processes, method, product or equipment
Step or unit.
For the ease of description, space relative terms can be used herein, as " ... on ", " ... top ",
" ... upper surface ", " above " etc., for describing such as a device shown in the figure or feature and other devices or spy
The spatial relation of sign.It should be appreciated that space relative terms are intended to comprising the orientation except device described in figure
Outside different azimuth in use or operation.
For example, if the device in accompanying drawing is squeezed, it is described as " above other devices or construction " or " in other devices
On part or construction " device after will be positioned as or " in other devices or constructing it " below other devices or construction "
Under ".Thus, exemplary term " in ... top " can include " in ... top " and " in ... lower section " two kinds of orientation.Should
Device can also other different modes positioning (being rotated by 90 ° or in other orientation), it is and relative to space used herein above
Respective explanations are made in description.
In explanation in detail above, accompanying drawing is with reference to, accompanying drawing forms a this paper part.In the accompanying drawings, similar symbol
Number similar part is typically determined, unless context otherwise indicates.In detailed description, accompanying drawing and claim
Embodiment illustrated described in book is not meant to be restricted.The spirit of theme presented herein is not being departed from
Or under scope, other embodiments can be used, and other changes can be made.It will be readily understood that as herein
The illustrated explanation of described and accompanying drawing, the aspect of the disclosure can be organized into broad category of different configuration, generation
Replace, combine, separating and designing, it is all these clearly to be considered in this paper.
Will be unrestricted according to the disclosure of particular described herein, it is intended to as various aspects
Illustrate., can be with the case where not departing from spirit and scope of the present disclosure as to those skilled in the art will being clear
Make many modifications and changes.In the range of the disclosure, functionally equivalent method and apparatus, except it is cited herein those it
Outside, from the point of view of book will be from the foregoing description clearly to those skilled in the art.Such modifications and changes are intended to fall into appended power
In the range of sharp claim.The disclosure only will give right by the clause and such claim of appended claims
Equivalent four corner limitation.It will be appreciated that the disclosure is not limited to specific method, reagent, compound, composition or life
Thing system, it is it is of course possible to changing.Also it will be appreciated that term as used herein is only in order at the specific embodiment of description
Purpose, and be not intended to be restricted.
The preferred embodiments of the present invention are the foregoing is only, are not intended to limit the invention, for the skill of this area
For art personnel, the present invention can have various modifications and variations.Within the spirit and principles of the invention, that is made any repaiies
Change, equivalent substitution, improvement etc., should be included in the scope of the protection.
Claims (11)
1. a kind of bogie, including two side frames (10) and the bolster (20) that is arranged between two side frames (10), it is special
Sign is that the bogie also includes：
Supporting part, the both ends of the supporting part are connected with two side frames (10) respectively, and the supporting part shakes parallel to described
Rest the head on (20).
2. bogie according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the supporting part includes two support beams (31), two
Length direction of the support beam (31) along the side frame (10) is arranged at intervals, and is separately positioned on the two of the bolster (20)
Side.
3. bogie according to claim 2, it is characterised in that be provided with installing space on two side frames (10)
(40), the both ends of the bolster (20) are separately positioned in two installing spaces (40), and along the installing space (40)
Short transverse may move.
4. bogie according to claim 3, it is characterised in that the end of the bolster (20) and the support beam (31)
End between be provided with guide part, led with movement of the end to the bolster (20) in the installing space (40)
To.
5. bogie according to claim 4, it is characterised in that the guide part is led including the first guide frame and second
To structure, one of first guide frame and second guide frame are arranged on the end of the support beam (31), another
The end of the bolster (20) is arranged on, first guide frame is engaged with to the bolster with second guide frame
(20) movement of the end in the installing space (40) is oriented to.
6. bogie according to claim 5, it is characterised in that first guide frame includes the first guiding surface
(51), second guide frame includes the second guiding surface (52), and first guiding surface (51) is oriented to described second
Inclined-plane (52) tilts to the direction away from the bolster (20) center line from bottom to top, first guiding surface (51) and institute
State the second guiding surface (52) to abut against, to lead movement of the bolster (20) end in the installing space (40)
To.
7. bogie according to claim 6, it is characterised in that first guide frame includes guiding projection (53),
The guiding projection (53) is arranged on the end of the bolster (20), and it is convex that first guiding surface (51) is arranged on the guiding
On block (53)；Second guide frame includes being oriented to groove, and the guiding groove is arranged on the end of the support beam (31),
Second guiding surface (52) forms the bottom land for being oriented to groove, and the guiding projection (53) is slidably mounted in described
It is oriented in groove.
8. bogie according to claim 7, it is characterised in that it is convex that first guide frame includes two guiding
Block (53), two guiding projections (53) are separately positioned on the both sides of the bolster (20) end, respectively with being shaken positioned at described
Two grooves that are oriented to for resting the head on (20) end both sides coordinate.
9. bogie according to claim 7, it is characterised in that second guide frame also includes guide surface, institute
State and two guiding raised lines are provided with guide surface, guiding clearance, the installing space are formed between two guiding raised lines
(40) side wall is movably disposed in the guiding clearance.
10. bogie according to claim 7, it is characterised in that the bogie also includes wearing plate, the wearing plate
It is arranged on the guiding projection (53), the surface of the remote guiding projection (53) of the wearing plate forms described first and led
To inclined-plane (51).
A kind of 11. rail vehicle, it is characterised in that the rail vehicle includes bogie, the bogie be claim 1 to
Bogie any one of claim 10.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201710854485.4A CN107776601B (en) | 2017-09-20 | 2017-09-20 | Bogie and rail vehicle with it |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201710854485.4A CN107776601B (en) | 2017-09-20 | 2017-09-20 | Bogie and rail vehicle with it |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN107776601A true CN107776601A (en) | 2018-03-09 |
| CN107776601B CN107776601B (en) | 2019-06-04 |
Family
ID=61438273
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201710854485.4A Active CN107776601B (en) | 2017-09-20 | 2017-09-20 | Bogie and rail vehicle with it |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN107776601B (en) |
Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US6357360B1 (en) * | 1999-11-01 | 2002-03-19 | Standard Car Truck Company | Frame brace and center clamp |
| CN201143949Y (en) * | 2007-12-27 | 2008-11-05 | 南车二七车辆有限公司 | Anti-rhomboidity transversal connection device of bogie side frame |
| CN102602415A (en) * | 2012-03-23 | 2012-07-25 | 齐齐哈尔轨道交通装备有限责任公司 | Supporting device of connecting rod of bogie, bogie and truck |
| CN103112467A (en) * | 2013-03-15 | 2013-05-22 | 济南轨道交通装备有限责任公司 | Radial welding bogie with low dynamic effect |
| CN103386990A (en) * | 2013-08-02 | 2013-11-13 | 哈尔滨工程大学 | Wagon bogie |
-
2017
- 2017-09-20 CN CN201710854485.4A patent/CN107776601B/en active Active
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US6357360B1 (en) * | 1999-11-01 | 2002-03-19 | Standard Car Truck Company | Frame brace and center clamp |
| CN201143949Y (en) * | 2007-12-27 | 2008-11-05 | 南车二七车辆有限公司 | Anti-rhomboidity transversal connection device of bogie side frame |
| CN102602415A (en) * | 2012-03-23 | 2012-07-25 | 齐齐哈尔轨道交通装备有限责任公司 | Supporting device of connecting rod of bogie, bogie and truck |
| CN103112467A (en) * | 2013-03-15 | 2013-05-22 | 济南轨道交通装备有限责任公司 | Radial welding bogie with low dynamic effect |
| CN103386990A (en) * | 2013-08-02 | 2013-11-13 | 哈尔滨工程大学 | Wagon bogie |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN107776601B (en) | 2019-06-04 |
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