CN107774780B - Pipe fitting non-contact flanging method and device without arranging pipe fitting inside - Google Patents

Pipe fitting non-contact flanging method and device without arranging pipe fitting inside Download PDF

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Publication number
CN107774780B
CN107774780B CN201711093218.6A CN201711093218A CN107774780B CN 107774780 B CN107774780 B CN 107774780B CN 201711093218 A CN201711093218 A CN 201711093218A CN 107774780 B CN107774780 B CN 107774780B
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pipe fitting
flanging
coil
metal pipe
inner coil
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CN107774780A (en
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熊奇
黄浩
夏良宇
唐红涛
邱立
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China Three Gorges University CTGU
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21DWORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D26/00Shaping without cutting otherwise than using rigid devices or tools or yieldable or resilient pads, i.e. applying fluid pressure or magnetic forces
    • B21D26/14Shaping without cutting otherwise than using rigid devices or tools or yieldable or resilient pads, i.e. applying fluid pressure or magnetic forces applying magnetic forces
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21DWORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D19/00Flanging or other edge treatment, e.g. of tubes
    • B21D19/08Flanging or other edge treatment, e.g. of tubes by single or successive action of pressing tools, e.g. vice jaws
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02ATECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A90/00Technologies having an indirect contribution to adaptation to climate change
    • Y02A90/30Assessment of water resources

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Shaping Metal By Deep-Drawing, Or The Like (AREA)

Abstract

A pipe fitting non-contact flanging method and device without being placed in the pipe fitting comprises the following steps: an inner coil for providing induced eddy currents for an end region of the metal pipe fitting to be flanged; an outer coil for providing an axial background magnetic field for the end region of the metal pipe fitting to be flanged; the flanging die is used for controlling the flanging height of the flanging metal pipe fitting; and the coil power supply system provides energy for the inner coil and the outer coil. The invention can provide non-contact radial electromagnetic force loaded from the end of the pipe fitting for flanging and flaring of the metal pipe fitting, realize non-contact flanging and flaring processing of the miniature or special-shaped pipe fitting and improve the forming performance of the workpiece.

Description

Pipe fitting non-contact flanging method and device without arranging pipe fitting inside
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of metal processing and manufacturing, and particularly relates to a non-contact flanging method and device for a pipe fitting without being placed in the pipe fitting, which are mainly used for flanging of metal pipe fittings.
Background
In flanging or flaring of traditional metal pipe fittings, mechanical force or hydraulic force is usually applied to the interior of the metal pipe fitting, and the pipe fitting is driven to realize flanging and flaring. On one hand, the forming force is a contact force, so that the formed workpiece is low in flexibility, high in residual stress and easy to rebound, and the workpiece is easy to crack due to mechanical force forming on light metal alloys such as aluminum alloy and magnesium alloy. On the other hand, the application of the contact force requires a medium, which must be placed inside the tube, with great restrictions on the shape, size and spatial position of the tube. For example: miniature or special-shaped pipe fittings are difficult to place the force application medium inside the pipe fitting. Meanwhile, the existing non-contact flanging flaring technology mainly depends on radial electromagnetic force generated by a forming coil to realize flanging flaring of the pipe fitting. Although the method can effectively realize electromagnetic flanging, the forming coil still needs to be arranged inside the pipe fitting. The design and the coiling of the forming coil are greatly limited, so that the problem that the flanging flaring cannot be realized because a force application medium cannot be placed in the miniature or special-shaped pipe fitting cannot be solved.
Flanging flares of metal tubing are common processes in the industry. The traditional flanging flaring process adopts a plurality of working procedures such as male die expansion, flattening and the like to finish flanging of the metal pipe fitting, the process is complex, and meanwhile, multiple plastic deformation is easy to generate work hardening, so that the forming limit of the metal pipe fitting is reduced.
The flanging flaring of the pipe fitting is realized mainly by adopting contact type mechanical force at present, chinese patent CN 104741466A 'a metal pipe flare processing device' provides a metal pipe flare processing device, parts of the processing device are greatly reduced, a flaring punch can finish the flanging and flaring forming processes, the processing procedure is shortened, the production efficiency is greatly improved, and the reject ratio is reduced. But has low forming flexibility, large residual stress and easy rebound. The defects can be effectively overcome by utilizing non-contact pulse electromagnetic force, the pulse electromagnetic force is non-contact force based on an electromagnetic induction principle, compared with mechanical force, the forming performance of a metal material can be effectively improved, the rebound of a formed workpiece is reduced, and the forming limit of the material is improved. Chinese patent (CN 104874664A) "an alloy pipe electromagnetic bulging and flanging synchronous forming device and method", discloses an alloy pipe electromagnetic bulging and flanging synchronous forming device and method, realizes the electromagnetic bulging and flanging synchronous forming of the alloy pipe, reduces workpiece rebound and reduces die manufacturing difficulty. However, the core defect of the traditional processing technology or the electromagnetic forming technology is that the force application medium is required to be fully or partially placed in the pipe fitting, the structure and the position of the force application medium are limited by the geometric dimension of the pipe fitting, and the problem of flanging and flaring of the miniature or special-shaped pipe fitting is difficult to solve.
A core disadvantage of the prior art is that the forcing medium has to be placed inside the tube. For the traditional machining process, the defects of low flexibility, high residual stress, easiness in rebound and the like of the formed workpiece exist. However, the electromagnetic flanging flaring scheme proposed at present improves the workpiece forming performance to a certain extent, but the forming coil of the electromagnetic flanging flaring scheme still needs to be placed inside the metal pipe fitting to generate radial electromagnetic force for realizing flanging flaring of the pipe fitting. The method faces the limitation of the winding process of the forming coil and the limitation of the space placement of the forming coil, and is difficult to be applied to flanging and flaring of miniature or special-shaped metal pipe fittings.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a non-contact flanging method and device for a pipe fitting, which are not required to be placed in the pipe fitting, for solving the difficult problem of flanging and flaring of a miniature or special-shaped pipe fitting, and can provide non-contact radial electromagnetic force loaded from the end part of the pipe fitting for flanging and flaring of a metal pipe fitting, realize non-contact flanging and flaring processing of the miniature or special-shaped pipe fitting and improve the forming performance of a workpiece.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
a non-contact flanging method for a pipe fitting without being placed in the pipe fitting comprises the following steps:
step 1: two driving coils with different turns are adopted, the turns of an inner coil are far smaller than those of an outer coil, the two coils are coaxial, and the inner coil and the outer coil are placed at the same level near the end part of the metal pipe fitting;
step 2: the metal pipe fitting is arranged right below the inner coil and is fixed by a flanging die, and the flanging height is controlled by the flanging die;
step 3: the outer coil firstly loads pulse current with long pulse width or steady-state current to generate an axial background magnetic field, and when the background magnetic field is about to reach a peak value, the inner coil loads pulse current with reverse short pulse width to induce eddy current;
step 4: under the combined action of the axial background magnetic field and the induced eddy, the end part of the metal pipe fitting is subjected to radial electromagnetic force, and the metal pipe fitting is driven to realize flanging.
The coils are all arranged at the end part of the metal pipe fitting, the inner coil and the outer coil are mutually matched, the inner coil and the outer coil are coaxial, the inner coil and the outer coil are close to the end part of the pipe fitting and are in flush, and non-contact radial electromagnetic force is applied to the end part of the pipe fitting.
The number of turns of the inner coil is much smaller than the number of turns of the outer coil.
The outer coil is loaded with pulse current with long pulse width or steady-state current, and the inner coil is loaded with reverse pulse current with short pulse width.
The time sequence relation of the inner coil and the outer coil loading current is as follows: when the pulse current of the outer coil is about to reach the peak value, the pulse current of the inner coil is loaded.
The effective time of the radial electromagnetic force loading is as follows: the inner coil is loaded with a rising edge of current.
A non-contact flanging device for a pipe fitting that does not require placement inside the pipe fitting, the device comprising:
an inner coil for providing induced eddy currents for an end region of the metal pipe fitting to be flanged;
an outer coil for providing an axial background magnetic field for the end region of the metal pipe fitting to be flanged;
the flanging die is used for controlling the flanging height of the flanging metal pipe fitting;
and the coil power supply system provides energy for the inner coil and the outer coil.
The device has an axisymmetric structure, the inner coil is positioned right above the metal pipe fitting and is coaxial in center, the metal pipe fitting is matched with the inner coil in placement position, the outer coil is placed outside the inner coil, and the two coils are flush near the flanging end of the metal pipe fitting; the inner coil is connected with a pulse current power supply system with smaller pulse width, and the outer coil is connected with a pulse current power supply system with wider pulse width or connected with a steady-state current power supply; the metal pipe fitting is arranged in the flanging die. The metal pipe fitting on one side of the flanging end is higher than the flanging die, and the flanging height of the metal pipe fitting is equal to that of the flanging die.
Compared with the traditional machining method and electromagnetic machining method, the coil does not need to be arranged in the pipe fitting, the space limitation of the placement position of a force application medium is broken through, the requirements on the structure, the material, the size and the like of the force application medium are reduced, the flexibility of a forming method is greatly improved, and the problem of flanging and flaring of miniature or special-shaped metal pipe fittings is solved. In addition, because the forming force is pulse electromagnetic force, the forming device has the characteristics of non-contact and high speed, the rebound of the workpiece can be effectively reduced, the residual stress of the formed workpiece is reduced, and the forming performance of the workpiece is improved.
The invention relates to a non-contact flanging method and a non-contact flanging device for a pipe fitting, which do not need to be arranged in the pipe fitting. The inner coil is mainly used for generating a pulse driving magnetic field and inducing circumferential eddy currents at the end part of the metal pipe fitting; the outer coil is mainly used for generating an axial background magnetic field at the end part of the metal pipe fitting. Because the pulse width of the discharge current loaded by the inner coil is far smaller than that of the outer coil, the influence of the outer coil on the induced eddy current can be ignored, and meanwhile, because the number of turns of the outer coil is far larger than that of the inner coil, the influence of the inner coil on the background magnetic field can be ignored. Therefore, under the interaction of the annular vortex and the axial magnetic field, the radial outward electromagnetic force is loaded on the end part of the metal pipe fitting, and flanging and flaring processing of the metal pipe fitting is realized.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is an assembly schematic diagram of an electromagnetic flanging coil loaded with radial electromagnetic force by arranging a forming coil at the end part of a metal pipe fitting.
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram showing the time sequence of the loading of the inner and outer coils with current respectively.
FIG. 2 (a) is a schematic diagram showing the timing of the external and internal coil loading currents, wherein the external coil loading current is a pulse current with a long pulse width.
FIG. 2 (b) is a schematic diagram showing the timing of the loading current of the inner and outer coils with the steady-state loading current.
Fig. 3 (a) is an assembly diagram of an electromagnetic flanging device loaded with radial electromagnetic force for arranging a forming coil at the end part of a metal pipe fitting.
Fig. 3 (b) is an assembly cross-sectional view of an electromagnetic flanging device loaded with radial electromagnetic force for arranging a forming coil at the end of a pipe fitting.
Fig. 4 (a) is a schematic diagram showing an initial state of the flanging tube.
Fig. 4 (b) is a schematic diagram showing a deformation state of the pipe during the flanging process.
Fig. 4 (c) is a schematic diagram of the final state of the pipe fitting after the flanging is completed.
Detailed Description
Principle analysis:
a pipe fitting non-contact flanging method without arranging the inner coil in the pipe fitting adopts the matching of two forming coils, the inner coil 1 and the outer coil 2 are arranged at the end part of the metal pipe fitting 3 in parallel, the inner coil 1 is close to the end part area of the pipe fitting and is mainly used for inducing eddy currents in the metal pipe fitting 3, the outer coil 2 is arranged outside the inner coil 1 and is mainly used for providing a larger background magnetic field in the pipe fitting, and the two coils are in parallel and level near the end part of the pipe fitting.
The pulse current loaded by the inner coil 1 and the outer coil 2 are matched in time sequence, the pulse width of the discharge current loaded by the inner coil 1 is far smaller than that of the discharge current loaded by the outer coil 2, the influence of the outer coil on induced eddy current can be ignored, and meanwhile, the number of turns of the outer coil 2 is far larger than that of the inner coil 1, and the influence of the inner coil 1 on a background magnetic field can be ignored.
The inner coil 1 is loaded when the discharge current loaded on the outer coil 2 reaches a peak value, so as to maximally utilize the axial magnetic field generated by the outer coil 2. At this time, the circumferential eddy current and the axial magnetic field interact to generate the maximum radial electromagnetic force in the metal pipe fitting 3, thereby realizing flanging of the metal pipe fitting 3.
A non-contact flanging method for a pipe fitting without being placed in the pipe fitting comprises the following steps:
step 1: two driving coils with different turns are adopted, the turns of an inner coil are far smaller than those of an outer coil, the two coils are coaxial, and the inner coil and the outer coil are placed at the same level near the end part of the metal pipe fitting 3;
step 2: the metal pipe fitting 3 is placed right below the inner coil and is fixed by the flanging die 4, and the flanging height is controlled by the flanging die 4;
step 3: the outer coil firstly loads pulse current with long pulse width or steady-state current to generate an axial background magnetic field, and when the background magnetic field is about to reach a peak value, the inner coil loads pulse current with reverse short pulse width to induce eddy current;
step 4: under the combined action of the axial background magnetic field and the induced eddy, the end part of the metal pipe fitting 3 is subjected to radial electromagnetic force, and the metal pipe fitting 3 is driven to realize flanging.
The coils are all arranged at the end part of the metal pipe fitting 3, the inner coil and the outer coil are mutually matched, the inner coil and the outer coil are coaxial, the inner coil and the outer coil are flush near the end part of the pipe fitting, and the non-contact radial electromagnetic force is applied to the end part of the pipe fitting.
The number of turns of the inner coil 1 is much smaller than the number of turns of the outer coil 2. The number of turns of the inner coil 1 is less, and the inner coil is mainly used for inducing eddy currents; the outer coil 2 has more turns and is mainly used for generating a larger background magnetic field.
The outer coil 2 is loaded with a pulse current of a long pulse width or a steady-state current, and the inner coil 1 is loaded with a reverse pulse current of a short pulse width. Because the pulse current generates a pulse magnetic field, the pulse magnetic field can generate induced eddy current in the metal workpiece, and the induced eddy current and the pulse magnetic field jointly act to generate Lorentz force to drive the metal material to deform. In this process, the magnitude and direction of the lorentz force satisfies:
Figure GDA0004157012640000041
wherein, the liquid crystal display device comprises a liquid crystal display device,
Figure GDA0004157012640000042
is induced eddy current +.>
Figure GDA0004157012640000043
Is a pulsed magnetic field, x represents the cross-product of the vectors.
In the formula, the magnitude of the induced eddy current is proportional to the change rate of the pulse magnetic field, and the direction meets Lenz law. Therefore, if only one coil is adopted, the magnitude and the direction of the induced eddy current are highly coupled with the pulse magnetic field, and the lorentz force generated by the combined action of the induced eddy current and the pulse magnetic field is uncontrollable in the direction under the normal condition.
In the model shown in fig. 1, a long pulse width pulse current or a steady-state current is passed through the outer coil 2, the axial magnetic field generated by the current is downward, the induced eddy current generated in the workpiece is annular, the direction is anticlockwise, the lorentz force generated by the combined action of the two is radial force, and the direction is inward in radial direction. Therefore, if only a single coil is adopted, the Lorentz force which is radially outwards cannot be generated to drive the material to deform so as to finish flanging and flaring. For this purpose, an inner coil 1 is introduced, the current of which is a short pulse width reverse pulse current. Since the number of turns is smaller than that of the outer coil 2, the generated magnetic field is not high, but the current change rate is much larger than that of the outer coil 2, so that the induced eddy current generated in the workpiece is large in amplitude. Under the combined action of the inner coil and the outer coil, the magnetic field direction on the workpiece is still axially downward, but the induced eddy current direction is annular clockwise, and the Lorentz force applied to the workpiece is changed into radial outward, so that the material is driven to complete deformation to realize flanging flaring.
The time sequence relation of the inner coil and the outer coil loading current is as follows: when the pulse current of the outer coil is about to reach the peak value, the pulse current of the inner coil is loaded. When the pulse current is loaded on the outer coil and is about to reach the peak value, the pulse magnetic field is about to reach the peak value, and the Lorentz force is also maximum according to the calculation formula of the Lorentz force.
The effective time of the radial electromagnetic force loading is as follows: the inner coil is loaded with a rising edge of current. According to lenz's law, the magnetic field of the induced current always blocks the change in the magnetic flux that causes the induced current. In the model shown in fig. 1, when the current applied to the inner coil 1 is a rising edge, the generated axial magnetic field is gradually increased, and the induced eddy current will hinder the increase of the magnetic field, so that the direction of the induced eddy current is opposite to the direction of the current applied to the coil, and is in a clockwise direction, and the direction of the generated lorentz force is in a radial outward direction. When the loading current is in the falling edge, the generated axial magnetic field is gradually reduced, and the induced eddy current blocks the reduction of the magnetic field, so that the direction of the induced eddy current is changed to be the same as the direction of the coil loading current, namely, the direction of the induced eddy current is changed to be the circular anticlockwise, and the generated Lorentz force is changed from the radial direction to the inner direction, so that the material deformation can not be driven to finish flanging and flaring. The effective time of the radial electromagnetic force loading is therefore the rising edge of the inner coil loading current.
A non-contact flanging method for a pipe fitting without being placed in the pipe fitting comprises the following steps:
(1) The inner coil 1 and the outer coil 2 are arranged and connected with power supplies matched with the inner coil and the outer coil respectively;
(2) Placing the metal pipe fitting 3 into the flanging die 4, and controlling the required flanging height of the metal pipe fitting 3 by the flanging die 4;
(3) The outer coil 2 is loaded with a negative pulse current 7 with a long pulse width or a negative steady-state current 8 to provide an axially downward background magnetic field for the flanging position of the metal pipe fitting 3;
(4) After the outer coil 2 is loaded with the negative pulse current 7t1, the discharge current of the outer coil is about to reach the peak value; or after the end outer coil is loaded with a negative steady-state current 8t4, the inner coil 1 is loaded with a positive pulse current 6 with a short pulse width, and annular eddy current is induced at the flanging position of the metal pipe fitting 3;
(5) The pulse current is in t 1-t 2 or the steady-state current is in t 4-t 5, the end part of the metal pipe fitting 3 is subjected to radial outward electromagnetic force under the interaction of an axial background magnetic field and a circumferential vortex, and the end part of the metal pipe fitting 3 is driven to deform, so that flanging is realized, as shown in fig. 4 (c).
A non-contact flanging device for a pipe fitting that does not require placement inside the pipe fitting, the device comprising:
an inner coil 1 for providing induced eddy currents for the end region of the metal pipe fitting 3 to be flanged;
an outer coil 2 for providing an axial background magnetic field for the end region of the metal pipe fitting 3 to be flanged;
the flanging die 4 is used for controlling the flanging height of the flanging metal pipe fitting 3;
the coil power supply system supplies energy to the inner coil 1 and the outer coil 2.
The flanging die 4 is a female die, can be made of any material, is used for controlling the flanging height and the final shape of the workpiece, and has a structure which depends on the target shape of the workpiece to be flanged and can be no different from the female die used for general machining.
The coil power supply system is a pulse power supply and generally comprises a charging system, an energy storage system and a discharging circuit. Firstly, the charging system supplies electric energy to the energy storage system to finish energy accumulation; and then the energy of the energy storage system is rapidly discharged to the coil through a discharge circuit.
Fig. 3 is an assembly schematic diagram of an electromagnetic flanging coil loaded with radial electromagnetic force by arranging a forming coil on one side of the end part of a pipe fitting. The device has an axisymmetric structure, the inner coil 1 is positioned at the position 5mm above the metal pipe fitting 3 and is coaxial in center, the metal pipe fitting 3 is matched with the placement position of the inner coil 1, the number of turns of the inner coil 1 is 3 multiplied by 3, and the sectional area of each turn of coil is 2mm multiplied by 4mm; the outer coil 2 is placed outside the inner coil 1 with 6 x 6 turns, each turn of the coil having the same cross-sectional area as the inner coil 1. The two coils are in parallel near the flanging end of the metal pipe fitting 3. The inner coil 1 is connected with a pulse current power supply system with smaller pulse width, and the outer coil 2 is connected with a pulse current power supply system with wider pulse width or a steady-state current power supply. The metal pipe fitting 3 is arranged in the flanging die 4, and the part of the metal pipe fitting 3 on one side of the flanging end higher than the flanging die 4 is the flanging height of the metal pipe fitting 3. Fig. 3 (a) and 3 (b) are assembly views and assembly sectional views of the electromagnetic bulging device.

Claims (1)

1. A non-contact flanging method for a pipe fitting without being placed in the pipe fitting is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step 1: two driving coils with different turns are adopted, the turns of an inner coil are far smaller than those of an outer coil, the two coils are coaxial, and the inner coil and the outer coil are placed at the same level near the end part of the metal pipe fitting (3);
step 2: the metal pipe fitting (3) is arranged right below the inner coil and is fixed by the flanging die (4), and the flanging height is controlled by the flanging die (4);
step 3: the outer coil firstly loads pulse current with long pulse width or steady-state current to generate an axial background magnetic field, and when the background magnetic field is about to reach a peak value, the inner coil loads pulse current with reverse short pulse width to induce eddy current;
step 4: under the combined action of the axial background magnetic field and the induced eddy, the end part of the metal pipe fitting (3) is subjected to radial electromagnetic force, and the metal pipe fitting (3) is driven to realize flanging.
CN201711093218.6A 2017-11-08 2017-11-08 Pipe fitting non-contact flanging method and device without arranging pipe fitting inside Active CN107774780B (en)

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