CN107767415B - Method for determining positions of reinforcing steel bars in building wall and constructing space model - Google Patents
Method for determining positions of reinforcing steel bars in building wall and constructing space model Download PDFInfo
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- CN107767415B CN107767415B CN201711005932.5A CN201711005932A CN107767415B CN 107767415 B CN107767415 B CN 107767415B CN 201711005932 A CN201711005932 A CN 201711005932A CN 107767415 B CN107767415 B CN 107767415B
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- G06T7/00—Image analysis
- G06T7/70—Determining position or orientation of objects or cameras
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- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F30/00—Computer-aided design [CAD]
- G06F30/10—Geometric CAD
- G06F30/13—Architectural design, e.g. computer-aided architectural design [CAAD] related to design of buildings, bridges, landscapes, production plants or roads
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- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
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- G06F30/00—Computer-aided design [CAD]
- G06F30/20—Design optimisation, verification or simulation
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06T—IMAGE DATA PROCESSING OR GENERATION, IN GENERAL
- G06T17/00—Three dimensional [3D] modelling, e.g. data description of 3D objects
- G06T17/05—Geographic models
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06T—IMAGE DATA PROCESSING OR GENERATION, IN GENERAL
- G06T2200/00—Indexing scheme for image data processing or generation, in general
- G06T2200/08—Indexing scheme for image data processing or generation, in general involving all processing steps from image acquisition to 3D model generation
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- G06T—IMAGE DATA PROCESSING OR GENERATION, IN GENERAL
- G06T2207/00—Indexing scheme for image analysis or image enhancement
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- G06T2207/10048—Infrared image
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- G06T2210/00—Indexing scheme for image generation or computer graphics
- G06T2210/04—Architectural design, interior design
Abstract
The invention provides a method for determining the position of a steel bar in a building wall, which comprises the steps of fixing an infrared radiation device on the outer side of the wall, shooting an infrared thermograph, judging the position of the steel bar in the wall according to the condition that a heat source range is shielded, further designing the position of water and electricity, and performing slotting installation. The invention also provides a method for constructing the space model, wherein an infrared radiation device is fixed at a necessary point of the building space, then the infrared thermal image and the distance data are dynamically collected and moved in the building space, and finally the collected data are converted into the building space model data comprising the steel bar data. The method disclosed by the invention has the advantages that a complicated measurement process is omitted, the complexity of the algorithm is greatly reduced, the processing efficiency is high, the error rate is low, the positions of the steel bars in the wall body can be directly obtained, a modeling method which is simple to operate, easy to implement and accurate in data is provided for designers, particularly designers in the decoration industry, and the later-stage design modification and display are facilitated.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a method for determining the position of a reinforcing steel bar in a building wall and constructing a space model, belonging to the technical field of infrared technology, perspective technology and modeling.
Background
In the home renovation process, for example: walls such as kitchen outer walls, toilets and bedrooms which share a wall, balconies and bedrooms which share a wall and the like are determined to be reinforced concrete structures (also called reinforced concrete structures) at the initial stage of building construction due to the fact that the walls are waterproof and collapse-proof, a hydropower master can only guess to excavate a hydropower trough on the walls according to customer requirements under the condition that the distribution condition of reinforcing steel bars in the walls cannot be predicted, the hydropower master can only open the surface layer of the walls (the thickness of the surface layer is generally between 3 and 5 cm) and cannot continue to excavate deeply due to the fact that a plurality of reinforcing steel bars are pre-embedded in the hydropower trough body which is excavated by electric hammer equipment when a house is built by developers, and the master can only choose to excavate again at an adjacent position or directly cut off the reinforcing steel bars to continue working. The consequences of this are that the construction progress is affected, and the potential safety hazard is left due to the change of the wall steel-concrete structure. Without the drawings provided by developers, a hydroengineer cannot determine the distribution area of the steel bars of the wall body and the intensity of the steel bars in the area.
Similarly, for a decoration designer, although the house-type structural drawing is provided, no reinforcing steel bars inside the wall are marked on the drawing, and the design is also greatly restricted.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a method for determining the position of a steel bar in a building wall and constructing a space model, the position of the steel bar in the wall is simply determined by utilizing an infrared radiation device, and the proper position of the concrete switch socket can be judged by the thickness of the wall and the distribution condition of the steel bar in the concrete in the early stage of construction.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problem is as follows: the method for determining the position of the reinforcing steel bars in the building wall comprises the following steps:
(1) fixing an infrared radiation device on the outer side of the wall;
(2) shooting an infrared thermal image of the wall body on the inner side of the wall body;
(3) according to the shielding condition of the heat source range radiated by the infrared radiation device on the infrared thermal image, the position of the steel bar in the wall body is judged, and a basis is provided for later-stage water and electricity running in the wall.
And (2) shooting the infrared thermal image of the wall by using a thermal infrared imager or a smart phone with the function of collecting the infrared thermal image.
And (4) after the position of the steel bar in the wall body is obtained in the step (3), designing a switch socket and a water point position according to the position of the steel bar in the wall body, and performing wall body slotting and water and electricity installation.
The invention also provides a space model construction method of the method, which comprises the steps that (1) except that the infrared radiation device is fixed on the outer side of the wall body, the infrared radiation device is fixed at a necessary point of the building space; the necessary points comprise at least 3 vertex angles of the wall body, at least 3 vertex angles of the window body, an outer edge vertex angle of one of the 3 vertex angles, and at least 3 vertex angles of the door body; shooting an infrared thermal image of the wall body on the inner side of the wall body, wherein the infrared thermal image is dynamically collected by moving a collecting device in a building space, and meanwhile, the distance from the collecting device to the wall body and the ground clearance of the collecting device are dynamically obtained; and (3) judging the position of the steel bar in the wall according to the shielding condition of the heat source range radiated by the infrared radiation device on the infrared thermal image, converting the collected data into space model data, and marking the space model data with the steel bar data in the wall.
And (2) adopting a patch coated with infrared radiation paint for the infrared radiation device in the step (1).
And (2) the infrared radiation device in the step (1) comprises a first infrared radiation device coated with low-temperature infrared radiation paint and used for emitting first infrared wavelength and a second infrared radiation device coated with high-temperature infrared radiation paint and used for emitting second infrared wavelength, the first infrared radiation device is adopted as the infrared radiation device arranged on the inner side of the wall body, and the second infrared radiation device is adopted as the infrared radiation device arranged on the outer side of the wall body.
And (3) the acquisition device comprises a thermal infrared imager for sensing the infrared radiation device, a horizontal distance measurement sensor for measuring the distance from the wall body and a vertical distance measurement sensor for measuring the height from the ground.
And (3) adopting a smart phone with the functions of collecting an infrared thermograph, horizontally ranging and vertically ranging by the collecting device in the step (2).
Converting the acquired data into space model data in the step (3), specifically comprising the following processes:
(3-1) for data at each moment, fitting wall plane data according to the distance from the acquisition device to the wall, fitting ground plane data according to the acquired ground-to-ground distance, determining the distance from each necessary point to the acquisition device by using an infrared thermograph, and determining the position coordinates of each necessary point and the position coordinates of the steel bar outline in the wall by combining the shielding condition of a heat source image at each necessary point in the infrared thermograph, the distance from the necessary point to the acquisition device, the wall plane data and the ground plane data;
(3-2) converting the position coordinates of necessary points determined by the data at different moments and the position coordinates of the steel bar outline in the wall body into the same coordinate system;
and (3-3) determining the object to which the key belongs according to the position coordinates of the necessary points, complementing the vertex angle coordinates of the same object, connecting the vertex angle coordinates, and connecting the reinforcing steel bar outlines in the wall to obtain space model data.
The invention has the beneficial effects based on the technical scheme that:
(1) according to the method for determining the position of the reinforcing steel bar in the building wall, the infrared radiation device emits infrared radiation-proof waves and then shoots the infrared thermograph, and because the heat source point in the infrared thermograph has a certain area range, the position of the reinforcing steel bar in the wall can be judged according to the shielding condition of the heat source point by the reinforcing steel bar in the wall, so that a basis is provided for the power of water flowing in the wall at the later stage, the equipment and the method are simple, and the measurement difficulty is small;
(2) the space model construction method provided by the invention can not only obtain three-dimensional space model data, but also mark the position of the reinforcing steel bar in the wall body, enriches the space model data compared with the traditional shooting of space pictures, namely image recognition modeling, and can provide a basis for the water and electricity in the later period wall;
(3) according to the space model construction method, the infrared radiation device is used for marking key points in the building space, the infrared thermograph is used for determining the distance from a heat source to a shooting point, the simple mathematical formula can be further used for calculating to obtain the position data of each heat source point, the number of the key points needing to be identified is very small, and compared with a method that the key points are determined by a picture recognition mode after integral shooting and the position coordinates of each point are further determined in the traditional 3D modeling method, the data quantity needing to be processed is reduced in a geometric series mode, the complexity of an algorithm is greatly reduced, the processing efficiency is high, and the error rate is low;
(4) the space model construction method disclosed by the invention is simple in equipment and operation, a large amount of measurement and input work required by the traditional indoor modeling is saved, and the workload of personnel is greatly reduced; meanwhile, the ground clearance and the distance from the wall can be dynamically determined by the acquisition device in the whole acquisition process, the device is not required to be kept stable with energy, the self-adaptive capacity is strong, the manual participation is low, further, the inaccuracy of data caused by measurement and input misoperation is reduced, and the accuracy of modeling data can be ensured;
(5) according to the space model construction method, two infrared radiation devices can be respectively arranged outside the wall inside the wall for the acquisition device to identify, the infrared radiation devices arranged outside the wall have stronger capacity of penetrating through the wall, the influence of wall weakness on infrared radiation is reduced, and the measurement is more accurate;
(6) the space model construction method can simultaneously combine two infrared radiation devices arranged outside the wall inside the wall to measure the thickness of the wall, is convenient for integral modeling and provides a reference basis for water and electricity running in the wall;
(7) the space model construction method is convenient for decoration designers to subsequently design and completely display after obtaining complete building space model data of a building space, provides a modeling method which is simple and easy to operate and accurate in data for the designers, particularly the designers in the decoration industry, and strengthens the interactivity between the designers and clients while saving a large amount of initial investment cost, labor cost and manufacturing cost for multiple parties.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the principle of determining the position of reinforcing steel bars in a building wall according to the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the arrangement position of the infrared sensing patches.
In the figure: 1-inner side of wall, 2-outer side of wall, 3-infrared radiation device, 4-steel bar, 5-first infrared radiation device, 6-second infrared radiation device, and 7-collection device.
Detailed Description
The invention is further illustrated by the following figures and examples.
The invention provides a method for determining the position of a reinforcing steel bar in a building wall, which comprises the following steps of:
(1) an infrared radiation device 3 is fixed on the outer side 2 of the wall body;
(2) shooting an infrared thermal image of the wall body on the inner side 1 of the wall body by using an infrared thermal imager or a smart phone with an infrared thermal image collecting function;
(3) according to the condition that the range of a heat source (the part shown by a dotted line in figure 1) radiated by an infrared radiation device on an infrared thermal image is shielded, the position of a steel bar 4 in a wall body can be judged due to certain standards of the steel bar specification in the building wall body, and the basis is provided for water and electricity in a later period of the wall.
And after the position of the steel bar in the wall body is obtained, designing a switch socket and a water point position according to the position of the steel bar in the wall body, and performing wall body slotting and water and electricity installation.
Utilize above-mentioned building wall internal reinforcement position to confirm's method, can standardize the water and electricity construction, conventional and custom of water and electricity installation master in the construction according to actual decoration to and customer's popular demand sets up, at first with the electric potential and the water spot high standardization of water and electricity installation, use kitchen, bathroom as an example, if: the cold and hot water point of the kitchen sink is 50-60 cm, and the reserved potential under the sink is arranged at a horizontal position which is more than 15cm away from the cold and hot water point or at a position which is more than 10cm away from the cold and hot water point; the height of cold (hot) water and gas points of the kitchen water heater from the ground is 140cm, and the potential height is the position with the radius of 25-30 cm away from a water-gas pipeline; the distance between the water point of the toilet washing main machine and the ground is 130-140 cm, and the distance between the water point of the toilet washing main machine and the wall is not less than 5 cm; the cold and hot water points of the shower are 140-150 cm away from the ground and more than 60cm away from the wall; the water outlet point of the closestool is 50-60 cm away from the ground, the potential switch is far away from the wall area with the radius of more than 120cm in the shower area and the water outlet point of more than 10cm, and the like. Because the height is the conventional setting in the trade, just can fix infrared radiation device at the relevant position at the beginning of carrying out the water and electricity design to obtain the concrete position of reinforcing bar in the wall body, and then know the distribution, the intensive of reinforcing bar in the wall, be used for providing the basis to water and electricity mounted position.
The invention also provides a spatial model construction method of the method, and the method is as follows, with reference to FIG. 2:
step (1), besides fixing an infrared radiation device on the outer side of a wall body, fixing the infrared radiation device at a necessary point of a building space; the necessary points comprise at least 3 vertex angles of the wall body, at least 3 vertex angles of the window body, an outer edge vertex angle of one of the 3 vertex angles, and at least 3 vertex angles of the door body; the infrared radiation device adopts a patch coated with infrared radiation paint, and can also adopt other infrared radiation devices which can release infrared wavelength which can be detected. The infrared radiation devices comprise two types, namely a first infrared radiation device coated with low-temperature infrared radiation coating for emitting first infrared wavelength and a second infrared radiation device coated with high-temperature infrared radiation coating for emitting second infrared wavelength, the first infrared radiation device is adopted as the infrared radiation device arranged on the inner side of the wall, and the second infrared radiation device is adopted as the infrared radiation device arranged on the outer side of the wall. The infrared penetration ability of the second infrared radiation device can be stronger, so that the detection is more accurate.
Taking fig. 2 as an example, a first infrared radiation device 5 can be respectively pasted on the inner side of the wall, the inner side of the window body and 3 vertex angles of the door body, a second infrared radiation device 6 is pasted on one vertex angle on the outer side of the window body, and a four-square frame can be determined in the following modeling process by the 3 vertex angles, so that the infrared radiation devices are simplified as much as possible, and the infrared radiation devices pasted on the inner side and the outer side of the wall can be used for determining the thickness of the wall.
Step (2) shooting an infrared thermal image of the wall body on the inner side of the wall body, wherein the infrared thermal image is moved in a building space, the infrared thermal image is dynamically collected by a collecting device in the moving process, the distance from the collecting device to the wall body and the ground clearance of the collecting device are dynamically obtained, and the type of an infrared radiation device at each necessary point can be identified according to infrared wavelength; the acquisition device comprises a thermal infrared imager for sensing the infrared radiation device, a horizontal distance measuring sensor for measuring the distance from the wall body and a vertical distance measuring sensor for measuring the height from the ground.
Referring to fig. 2, because collection device 7's collection scope is limited, need move the collection, collection device 7 can directly gather ground clearance and distance from the wall, consequently collection device's position can needn't be too accurate, to operating personnel, only need ensure to move all necessary points after finishing all gather can, reduced the operation degree of difficulty by a wide margin, ensure the accuracy of result.
Step (3) according to the condition that the range of the heat source radiated by the infrared radiation device on the infrared thermal image is shielded, the position of the steel bar in the wall body is judged, the collected data is converted into space model data, the space model data is marked with the steel bar data in the wall body, and the method specifically comprises the following processes:
(3-1) for data at each moment, fitting wall plane data according to the distance from the acquisition device to the wall, fitting ground plane data according to the acquired ground-to-ground distance, determining the distance from each necessary point to the acquisition device by using an infrared thermograph, and determining the position coordinates of each necessary point and the position coordinates of the steel bar outline in the wall by combining the shielding condition of a heat source image at each necessary point in the infrared thermograph, the distance from the necessary point to the acquisition device, the wall plane data and the ground plane data;
the position coordinates can be calculated by adopting various mathematical modes, for example, referring to fig. 2, taking p point as an example, since the ground clearance h, the distance d from the wall and the distance l from the p point to the collecting device 3 of the collecting device 3 are known, a plane perpendicular to d, namely wall plane data, can be easily fitted according to the distance d from the wall, meanwhile, ground plane data can be fitted according to the same method, the point o of the collecting device 3 mapped on the wall surface can be easily obtained, and the angle between the p point and the o point can be further obtained, so that the position coordinates of the p point can be further obtained; the position coordinates of other points can be obtained by the same method;
(3-2) converting the position coordinates of necessary points determined by the data at different moments and the position coordinates of the steel bar outline in the wall body into the same coordinate system;
and (3-3) determining the object to which the key belongs according to the position coordinates of the necessary points, complementing the vertex angle coordinates of the same object, connecting the vertex angle coordinates, and connecting the reinforcing steel bar outlines in the wall to obtain space model data.
The whole processing method is very simple, the involved calculation is not complicated whether in computation amount or complexity, various data information related to the building or the object is calculated by using a calculation method fused with multiple basic subjects such as mathematics, optics, physics and the like, and the cpu of intelligent equipment such as a smart phone can completely meet the calculation requirement. If simultaneous operation of a large number of building spaces is involved, the measurement data can be transmitted to the cloud server for cloud operation, and the purpose of on-line multitask processing is achieved.
The method has the advantages of simple equipment and operation, saves a large amount of measurement and input work required by the traditional indoor modeling, greatly reduces the workload of personnel, further reduces the inaccuracy of data caused by measurement and input misoperation, and can ensure the accuracy of modeling data. The space model data that obtain at last show has wall body internal reinforcement structure, for the later stage wall in the water and electricity provide the basis, can directly provide the fitment designer and use, design on it to obtain three-dimensional design drawing on this basis, can all-roundly show, easily later stage and customer's discussion and modification.
Claims (9)
1. A method for determining the position of a reinforcing steel bar in a building wall is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) fixing infrared radiation devices at the outer side of the wall body and necessary points of a building space, wherein the necessary points comprise at least 3 vertex angles of the wall body, at least 3 vertex angles of the window body, an outer edge vertex angle of one of the 3 vertex angles, and at least 3 vertex angles of the door body;
(2) shooting an infrared thermal image of a wall body on the inner side of the wall body, wherein the infrared thermal image is dynamically collected by moving a collecting device in a building space, and meanwhile, the distance from the collecting device to the wall body and the ground clearance of the collecting device are dynamically obtained;
(3) according to the shielding condition of the heat source range radiated by the infrared radiation device on the infrared thermal image, the position of the steel bar in the wall body is judged, and a basis is provided for later-stage water and electricity running in the wall.
2. The method of claim 1 for determining the position of a reinforcement within a building wall, wherein: and (2) shooting the infrared thermal image of the wall by using a thermal infrared imager or a smart phone with the function of collecting the infrared thermal image.
3. The method of claim 1 for determining the position of a reinforcement within a building wall, wherein: and (4) after the position of the steel bar in the wall body is obtained in the step (3), designing a switch socket and a water point position according to the position of the steel bar in the wall body, and performing wall body slotting and water and electricity installation.
4. A spatial model construction method based on the method of claim 1, characterized in that: step (1), besides fixing an infrared radiation device on the outer side of a wall body, fixing the infrared radiation device at a necessary point of a building space; the necessary points comprise at least 3 vertex angles of the wall body, at least 3 vertex angles of the window body, an outer edge vertex angle of one of the 3 vertex angles, and at least 3 vertex angles of the door body; shooting an infrared thermal image of the wall body on the inner side of the wall body, wherein the infrared thermal image is dynamically collected by moving a collecting device in a building space, and meanwhile, the distance from the collecting device to the wall body and the ground clearance of the collecting device are dynamically obtained; and (3) judging the position of the steel bar in the wall according to the shielding condition of the heat source range radiated by the infrared radiation device on the infrared thermal image, converting the collected data into space model data, and marking the space model data with the steel bar data in the wall.
5. The spatial model building method according to claim 4, characterized in that: and (2) adopting a patch coated with infrared radiation paint for the infrared radiation device in the step (1).
6. The spatial model building method according to claim 5, characterized in that: and (2) the infrared radiation device in the step (1) comprises a first infrared radiation device coated with low-temperature infrared radiation paint and used for emitting first infrared wavelength and a second infrared radiation device coated with high-temperature infrared radiation paint and used for emitting second infrared wavelength, the first infrared radiation device is adopted as the infrared radiation device arranged on the inner side of the wall body, and the second infrared radiation device is adopted as the infrared radiation device arranged on the outer side of the wall body.
7. The spatial model building method according to claim 4, characterized in that: and (3) the acquisition device comprises a thermal infrared imager for sensing the infrared radiation device, a horizontal distance measurement sensor for measuring the distance from the wall body and a vertical distance measurement sensor for measuring the height from the ground.
8. The spatial model building method according to claim 4, characterized in that: and (3) adopting a smart phone with the functions of collecting an infrared thermograph, horizontally ranging and vertically ranging by the collecting device in the step (2).
9. The spatial model building method according to claim 4, characterized in that: converting the acquired data into space model data in the step (3), specifically comprising the following processes:
(3-1) for data at each moment, fitting wall plane data according to the distance from the acquisition device to the wall, fitting ground plane data according to the acquired ground-to-ground distance, determining the distance from each necessary point to the acquisition device by using an infrared thermograph, and determining the position coordinates of each necessary point and the position coordinates of the steel bar outline in the wall by combining the shielding condition of a heat source image at each necessary point in the infrared thermograph, the distance from the necessary point to the acquisition device, the wall plane data and the ground plane data;
(3-2) converting the position coordinates of necessary points determined by the data at different moments and the position coordinates of the steel bar outline in the wall body into the same coordinate system;
and (3-3) determining the object to which the key belongs according to the position coordinates of the necessary points, complementing the vertex angle coordinates of the same object, connecting the vertex angle coordinates, and connecting the reinforcing steel bar outlines in the wall to obtain space model data.
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| CN111006770B (en) * | 2019-12-20 | 2021-03-23 | 广东海外建设咨询有限公司 | Supervision method for construction between sample plates |
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