CN107763651A - The method and its coal supply system of a kind of boiler coal feeding - Google Patents
The method and its coal supply system of a kind of boiler coal feeding Download PDFInfo
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- CN107763651A CN107763651A CN201710828027.3A CN201710828027A CN107763651A CN 107763651 A CN107763651 A CN 107763651A CN 201710828027 A CN201710828027 A CN 201710828027A CN 107763651 A CN107763651 A CN 107763651A
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- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 215
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 39
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 129
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 239000002817 coal dust Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 23
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 23
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims description 23
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000011324 bead Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000003546 flue gas Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 208000011580 syndromic disease Diseases 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000035611 feeding Effects 0.000 claims 11
- 239000003077 lignite Substances 0.000 abstract description 76
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 abstract description 27
- 230000018044 dehydration Effects 0.000 abstract description 16
- 238000006297 dehydration reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 16
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 15
- 239000002360 explosive Substances 0.000 abstract description 5
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 8
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000002269 spontaneous effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 5
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000004880 explosion Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000010298 pulverizing process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000000197 pyrolysis Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 3
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- RAHZWNYVWXNFOC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulphur dioxide Chemical compound O=S=O RAHZWNYVWXNFOC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000002802 bituminous coal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000004071 soot Substances 0.000 description 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004836 Glue Stick Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010627 Phaseolus vulgaris Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 244000046052 Phaseolus vulgaris Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000013019 agitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003915 air pollution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000019504 cigarettes Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003912 environmental pollution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004927 fusion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011031 large-scale manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008450 motivation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000012149 noodles Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003415 peat Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23K—FEEDING FUEL TO COMBUSTION APPARATUS
- F23K3/00—Feeding or distributing of lump or pulverulent fuel to combustion apparatus
- F23K3/02—Pneumatic feeding arrangements, i.e. by air blast
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F26—DRYING
- F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
- F26B17/00—Machines or apparatus for drying materials in loose, plastic, or fluidised form, e.g. granules, staple fibres, with progressive movement
- F26B17/10—Machines or apparatus for drying materials in loose, plastic, or fluidised form, e.g. granules, staple fibres, with progressive movement with movement performed by fluid currents, e.g. issuing from a nozzle, e.g. pneumatic, flash, vortex or entrainment dryers
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F26—DRYING
- F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
- F26B21/00—Arrangements or duct systems, e.g. in combination with pallet boxes, for supplying and controlling air or gases for drying solid materials or objects
- F26B21/001—Drying-air generating units, e.g. movable, independent of drying enclosure
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F26—DRYING
- F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
- F26B21/00—Arrangements or duct systems, e.g. in combination with pallet boxes, for supplying and controlling air or gases for drying solid materials or objects
- F26B21/004—Nozzle assemblies; Air knives; Air distributors; Blow boxes
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F26—DRYING
- F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
- F26B25/00—Details of general application not covered by group F26B21/00 or F26B23/00
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23K—FEEDING FUEL TO COMBUSTION APPARATUS
- F23K2201/00—Pretreatment of solid fuel
- F23K2201/20—Drying
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23K—FEEDING FUEL TO COMBUSTION APPARATUS
- F23K2203/00—Feeding arrangements
- F23K2203/20—Feeding/conveying devices
- F23K2203/201—Feeding/conveying devices using pneumatic means
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Solid Fuels And Fuel-Associated Substances (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of method of boiler coal feeding and its coal supply system.A kind of method of boiler coal feeding of the present invention, comprises the following steps：Upgrading is dried in coal first, obtains coal dust；Coal dust is introduced into high-efficiency pulverized coal storehouse；Wind caused by air blower is blown into boiler furnace after converging with coal dust.Its advantage is：Boiler coal feeding device structure provided by the invention is simple, safe for operation, versatility is good.Without using bulky pulverized coal preparation system, economize the land resource；Drying and upgrading system can be coordinated to control with boiler, and input cost is relatively low；Drying and upgrading system and boiler slitless connection, without secondary transhipment, can effectively prevent pollution of the dust to air；Eliminate the inflammable and explosive potential safety hazard of pulverized coal preparation system.Use lignite and the jet coal of power plant safely, economic can also be made.Drying device can either ensure that high dehydration rate will not make coal that combustion reaction occur again.Boiler reduces powder consumption rate processed, and drying and upgrading coal dust improves boiler combustion efficiency.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to coal electrical domain, the method and its coal supply system of more particularly to a kind of boiler coal feeding.
Background technology
Power industry occupies an important position in Chinese national economy, be Chinese society economic stability operation and it is sustainable
The important leverage of development.The energy industry important as China, power industry enterprise is in terms of energy-saving and emission-reduction, realizing low carbon development
It is duty-bound.The energy resource structure in China's " rich coal, oil-poor, few gas ", determine that coal electricity in the following quite a while is still China
The main force of power generation.
Power plant all at present, which all matches somebody with somebody, has power station boiler pulverizing system, shown in Figure 1, existing station boiler powder system
System includes pressure fan 103, mill exhauster 104, coal bunker 105, coal pulverizer 106, mill separator 107, pulverized-coal collector 108 and powder cabin
109, the coal outlet of coal bunker 105 is connected with coal pulverizer 106, and the outlet of coal pulverizer 106 separates with coarse powder successively through coal dust pipeline
Device 107, pulverized-coal collector 108 are connected, and entrance of another outlet of mill separator 107 also with coal pulverizer 106 is connected
Logical, the outlet of pulverized-coal collector 108 is divided into air pipe line and coal dust pipeline two parts, wherein, coal dust pipeline is through powder cabin 109 and burning
Device is connected, and air pipe line divides for two-way through mill exhauster 104, wherein being directly entered boiler furnace 101, another way and coal pulverizer all the way
106 entrance connection, pressure fan 103 is connected with the entrance of coal pulverizer 106, and induced-draught fan 102 is by the tail gas in boiler furnace 101
Suction out, discharged through chimney.
In traditional pulverized-coal fired boiler, it is that the indivisible combustion system collectively constituted with boiler combustion equipment is overall
Pith.At present, the unit pulverized coal preparation system of a set of pulverized coal preparation system is generally separately configured in domestic power plant using every boiler controller system.
Problems be present in existing unit pulverized coal preparation system：1st, pulverized coal preparation system is huge, takes substantial amounts of land resource；2nd, Mei electricity enterprises need
Raw coal field storage bunker coal is established, and drying loft is set in coal yard, the impurity in raw coal feed system installs removing raw coal additional
Facility and disintegrating apparatus etc.；3rd, unit pulverized coal preparation system equipment allowance is higher, stock number expense be present；4th, due to generally using at present
A set of pulverized coal preparation system is separately configured in unit pulverized coal preparation system form, every boiler controller system, and coordination control planning is not close between unit,
Pulverized coal preparation system initial cost is big, it is impossible to large-scale production.5th, the security and economy of pulverized coal preparation system and unit are closely related.It is coal-fired
The pulverized coal preparation system of generating set is huge, condition of work is severe, and fault rate is higher, be unit unplanned outage principal element it
One, the safety and economic operation of pulverized coal preparation system directly affects the normal operation of generating set.Mei electricity enterprises pulverized coal preparation and burned
Cheng Zhong, it is frequently run onto for high volatile coal in spontaneous combustion of pulverized coal, explosion issues, particularly bin storage type pulverizing system, by
Conveyed in coal dust and stacking link is more, pulverized coal preparation system is easy to because spontaneous combustion of pulverized coal sets off an explosion.Although with boiler powder system
The improvement and development of system, heavy duty boiler all employ unit pulverized-coal system substantially, reduce coal dust because stacking state is easy
The link of spontaneous combustion, but the hidden danger of coal dust explosion in pulverized coal preparation system still be present, both damages equipment, but the serious threat person and
The safety of unit, add unit outage rate and cost of labor and maintenance cost.6th, pulverized coal preparation system is the dirt of coal electricity enterprise-essential
One of dye source.Pulverized coal preparation system generally leaks out seriously, and dust pollution is serious, while noise pollution is very big caused by coal pulverizer.And
The accident once pulverized coal preparation system occurs exploding etc., can produce serious environmental pollution.
At present, domestic power coal market is in short supply, and state's ore deposit power coal price remains high.To ensure the confession steady in a long-term of electric coal
Should, and Power Plant Fuel cost is controlled, a large amount of power plant, which start to explore and test to mix in all kinds of coal units, burns cheap length
Flame coal and lignite.Jet coal is a kind of minimum bituminous coal of degree of metamorphism, is the most young bituminous coal that degree of coalification is only above lignite, it
Volatile matter it is especially high, flame is grown during burning.Lignite is degree of coalification than relatively low pit coal, be after peat deposits through dehydration,
Compacting is changed into the product at initial stage of organic-biological rock, because appearance is brown or crineous gain the name.Lignite is that a kind of reserves are huge
Colm, lignite accounts for the 18% of China's power coal reserves, is distributed mainly on the areas such as the Inner Mongol, three provinces in the northeast of China and Yunnan.
Lignite have volatile matter high (Vdaf ＞ 37%), moisture it is high (total moisture is about 30%, free moisture mostly more than 19%), heating
The features such as measuring low (about 12.56MJ/kg), ash fusion point low (about 1150 DEG C), low (the HGI 50-70) of abrasiveness and easy spontaneous combustion.Lignite
The characteristics of " two high three is low ", determines that the use of lignite has technology barriers.Because lignite moisture is higher, jet coal and lignite are easy
Fire explosive, power plant dried bean noodles drying system processing jet coal and lignite, explosion safety hidden danger be present, turn into and restrict power plant and use or mix
Burn the key factor of jet coal and lignite.
Furthermore jet coal and lignite water content are high, the transport to lignite, storage and burning all bring larger difficulty,
Greatly constrain application of the lignite in field of thermal power.Direct combusting brown coal, which carries out generating, can cause electricity generation system efficiency far low
In the power station for using fat coal.
To sum up, boiler of power plant system includes pulverized coal preparation system at present, and pulverized coal preparation system is dangerous, cost is high, due to lignite
Water content is larger, and lignite and jet coal volatile matter height are inflammable and explosive, and existing pulverized coal preparation system is used for lignite and jet coal powder, exists
The problem of spontaneous combustion and blast, the economical operation of equipment, the safety of the person and boiler can not be ensured.Therefore, the present invention provides a kind of
It is simple in construction, safe for operation, versatility is good, lignite and jet coal can be used for boiler coal feeding method and its give that boiler generates electricity
Coal measures is united, and is that the wound of the present invention grinds motivation.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to overcome the deficiencies of the prior art and provide a kind of simple in construction, safe for operation, versatility
It is good, lignite and jet coal can be used for the method and its coal supply system of the boiler coal feeding that boiler generates electricity.
A kind of method of boiler coal feeding provided by the invention, its technical scheme are：
A kind of method of boiler coal feeding, comprises the following steps：Upgrading is dried in coal first, obtains coal dust；
Coal is dried to the method for upgrading is：It it is 200-1500 degrees Celsius by temperature, hot gas of the oxygen content less than 12%
Stream is introduced into the cavity of drying device from air inlet, and air outlet tail end is provided with air-introduced machine, the cavity of drying device is produced 100-
6000Pa negative pressure, the flow velocity of thermal current is 2-24m/s in cavity；The bottom of cavity is provided with rotating device, and drying device enters
For the set location of material mouth higher than the top of the lifting tooth on rotating device, the rotating speed of rotating device is 50-500 revs/min, coal and
Thermal current cocurrent enters cavity, and lifting tooth is broken and sheds coal and spreads in thermal current, during drying of the coal in whole cavity
Between be 1-20s；Coal is discharged after being dried by thermal current from drying device, into high-efficiency pulverized coal storehouse；
Cold wind caused by air blower is blown into boiler furnace after converging with coal dust.
Preferably, the full water of the coal dust after drying and upgrading is 12-15%, ash 18-25%, fugitive constituent 48-55%,
Low heat valve is 4200-4800 kilocalories；R90For 7-45%.
Preferably, a wind-warm syndrome temperature is 40-90 DEG C, primary air velocity 27-38m/s caused by air blower, primary air pressure
For 700-900Pa, coal-air ratio 2.3-2.6.
Preferably, the temperature at thermal current air outlet is 60-200 degrees Celsius；The dried granularity of coal is 0.01-
15mm。
Preferably, boiler is to use low order coal burning boiler.
Preferably, it is preferable that the temperature of air inlet thermal current is 800-1100 degrees Celsius, oxygen content is less than 8%, dries dress
The negative pressure put is 900-6000Pa, and the flow velocity of thermal current is 8-18m/s in cavity；The rotating speed of rotating device is 100-400 revs/min
Clock, drying time of the coal in whole cavity is 1-5s.
Or the temperature of air inlet thermal current is 600-900 degrees Celsius, oxygen content is less than 11%, the negative pressure of drying device
For 900-6000Pa, the flow velocity of thermal current is 8-14m/s in cavity；The rotating speed of rotating device is 100-400 revs/min, and coal exists
Drying time in whole cavity is 1-5s；
Or the temperature of air inlet thermal current is 901-1100 degrees Celsius, oxygen content is less than 8%, the negative pressure of drying device
For 1000-6000Pa, the flow velocity of thermal current is 8-18m/s in cavity；The rotating speed of rotating device is 100-400 revs/min, and coal exists
Drying time in whole cavity is 1-5s.
The present embodiment provides a kind of boiler coal feeding system, including drying and upgrading system, high-efficiency pulverized coal storehouse, air blower and pot
Stove, drying and upgrading system are connected with high-efficiency pulverized coal storehouse, and air blower is connected with boiler by pipeline, the pipe between air blower and boiler
Road is connected with high-efficiency pulverized coal storehouse；Drying and upgrading system includes drying device, separator and deduster, and drying device connects with separator
Connect, separator is connected with deduster；Drying device includes drive device, frame, casing, lifting tooth and drive shaft；Drive device
It is arranged on casing in frame, the cavity of casing and frame composition drying device, drive device and driving axis connection, in drive shaft
It is provided with lifting tooth；Air inlet, feeding mouth and air outlet are provided with casing.
Preferably, the cavity of drying device is divided into the multiple chambers being divided into by striker plate, and striker plate is arranged on casing bottom
In portion or frame, after coal is dried in the chamber with thermal current, next chamber is progressively flowed to, is most discharged afterwards through discharge gate.
Preferably, the cavity of drying device is divided into multiple chambers that striker plate by being staggered and deep bead are divided into,
Striker plate is arranged in bottom of shell or frame, and deep bead is arranged on case top so that thermal current and coal are in the chamber
Move towards as S-shaped.
Preferably, discharge end is additionally provided with casing, coal is collected by discharge end, flue gas flow direction separator and deduster,
Discharge end, flue gas flow direction separator and deduster are connected with high-efficiency pulverized coal storehouse.
Explanation of nouns：
Depolymerization：Coal is broken for short grained process by bulky grain.
Mass heat transfer：Mutual heat conduction, the process of mass change, specific to thermal current in the present invention by heat
Coal is transmitted to, coal is heated up, simultaneous moisture evaporation, the process that coal is dried
The implementation of the present invention includes following technique effect：
The method of boiler coal feeding provided by the invention is initiative to be introduced into drying and upgrading system in boiler coal feeding system, leads to
The drying and upgrading system for introducing coal is crossed, the coal after the drying and upgrading that burns can improve unit efficiency, reduce the electricity of the subsidiary engines such as air-introduced machine
Consumption, so as to reduce gross coal consumption rate, while can also reduce CO2、NOxDischarge.Drying and upgrading system and boiler slitless connection, without two
Secondary transhipment, it can effectively prevent pollution of the dust to air.Boiler coal feeding device structure provided by the invention is simple, it is safe for operation,
Versatility is good.Without using bulky pulverized coal preparation system, economize the land resource；Drying and upgrading system can be coordinated to control with boiler
System, input cost are relatively low；Especially it is a cancellation the inflammable and explosive potential safety hazard of pulverized coal preparation system.Power plant can also be pacified
Entirely, economical use lignite and jet coal, lignite and jet coal are easily exploited, and price is typically relatively low, reduces power plant soot cost.
Boiler reduces powder consumption rate processed, and drying and upgrading coal dust improves boiler combustion efficiency.
The present invention also proposes improvement to the method for moisture-free coal, is studied by lot of experiments negative in the cavity of drying device
The restriction of the parameters such as pressure value, temperature, oxygen content so that the drying means dehydration rate that the present invention is limited is more than 60%；It will not send out
Raw blast, workshop operation safety；Rate of drying is high, can reach 600-750kgH20/m3(every cubic metre of dry place is every by h
Hour can deviate from 600-750 kilograms of water), the drying means per hour can 30-80 cubes of moisture-free coal.Dried coal contains
Water rate control is preferable, the uniform granularity of coal, the effective quality for ensureing product after drying.The restriction of the present invention causes coal whole
Drying time in individual cavity is very short, can either ensure that high dehydration rate will not make coal that pyrolysis (combustion reaction) occur again,
The setting that the present invention passes through drying time, hot blast temperature and chamber negative pressure parameter so that coal rapid draing, will not glue
Stick in chamber housing.
When the drying means of the present invention is used for moisture-free coal, due to drying temperature, the conjunction of negative pressure, flow velocity, oxygen content parameter
Reason is set so that the combustible component of coal will not volatilize or burn, and be unable to reach blast critical value, influence the calorific capacity of coal.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is existing power station boiler pulverizing system structural representation.
Fig. 2 is the boiler coal feeding system schematic flow sheet of the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is the drying and upgrading method flow diagram of boiler coal feeding system coal of the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is the drying device structural representation of boiler coal feeding system of the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is Fig. 4 A-A cross-sectional views.
Fig. 6 is the structural representation of the drying device containing striker plate of the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 7 is the structural representation of the drying device containing striker plate and deep bead of the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 8 is the drying and upgrading method another kind flow chart of boiler coal feeding system coal of the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 9 is the structural representation of the drying device with thermal current discharge of the embodiment of the present invention.
In figure：101st, boiler furnace；102nd, induced-draught fan；103rd, pressure fan；104th, mill exhauster；105th, coal bunker；106th, coal-grinding
Machine；107th, mill separator；108th, pulverized-coal collector；109th, powder cabin.
1st, drive device；2nd, frame；3rd, casing；4th, lifting tooth；5 drive shafts；6th, air inlet；7th, feeding mouth；8th, air outlet；
9th, discharge end；10th, thermal current flows to curve；11st, striker plate；12nd, deep bead.
Embodiment
The present invention is described in detail below in conjunction with embodiment and accompanying drawing, it should be pointed out that described reality
Apply example and be intended merely to facilitate the understanding of the present invention, and do not play any restriction effect to it.
Embodiment 1
Referring to shown in Fig. 2 to Fig. 5, a kind of method for boiler coal feeding (powder) that the present embodiment provides, boiler is to use low order
Coal burning boiler, the low-order coal of the present embodiment comprise the following steps by taking lignite as an example：Upgrading is dried in lignite first, obtains coal
Powder；Lignite is dried to the method for upgrading is：Thermal current (cigarette is produced with a kind of gas-heating apparatus is (common such as hot-blast stove)
Gas), by temperature be 200-1500 degrees Celsius (the present embodiment is 901 degrees Celsius), thermal current of the oxygen content less than 10% from air intake
Mouth 6 is introduced into the cavity of drying device, and the tail end of air outlet 8 is provided with air-introduced machine (not depending on going out in figure), produces the cavity of drying device
The negative pressure of raw 100-6000Pa (the present embodiment 4000Pa), the flow velocity of thermal current is that (the present embodiment is 8-14m/s in cavity
10m/s)；The set location of drying device feeding mouth 7 needs to be arranged on case top higher than the top of lifting tooth 4, the present embodiment.Such as
This setting makes coal and thermal current cocurrent enters cavity, it is necessary to which special instruction, feeding mouth 7 and air inlet 6 can be as shown in Figure 4
Set, air inlet 6 and feeding mouth 7 can also be arranged on to the side of housing, as long as lignite and thermal current can raised simultaneously
Material tooth 4 collects the mode for belonging to " lignite and thermal current cocurrent enter cavity " described in the present embodiment before shedding.Cavity
Bottom is provided with rotating device, and rotating device is provided with lifting tooth 4, and rotating device is driven by the drive shaft 5 of drive device 1,
Rotating device and drive device are arranged in frame 2, casing 3 are set in frame 2, the rotating speed of rotating device is 50-500 revs/min
Clock (the present embodiment be 200 revs/min), the lifting tooth 4 on rotating device sheds lignite so that lignite is spread in thermal current, brown
Drying time of the coal in whole cavity is 1-5s (the present embodiment 5s)；Lignite is dried after (mass heat transfer) with dry by thermal current
Dry device discharge, into high-efficiency pulverized coal storehouse；Cold wind caused by air blower is blown into boiler furnace after converging with coal dust.
The dried granularity of coal is 0.01-15mm.Temperature at thermal current air outlet 8 is 120-200 degrees Celsius.Hot gas
Stream flows to curve 10 as shown in figure 4, the present embodiment passes through the restriction to parameters such as negative pressure value, temperature, oxygen content so that this implementation
The dehydration rate for the drying means that example is limited greatly improves；Do not reach blast critical value, will not explode, workshop operation peace
Entirely；Rate of drying is high.The water content control of dried coal is preferable, the uniform granularity of lignite, effective to ensure to produce after drying
The quality of product.The restriction of the present embodiment make it that drying time of the lignite in whole cavity is short, can either ensure high dehydration rate again
It will not make lignite that pyrolysis (combustion reaction) occur, lignite rapid draing, will not be sticky in chamber housing.
The rotating speed of the present embodiment drive shaft can realize speed governing with frequency converter, to adjust the speed shed of the lignite in housing,
And then adjust the temperature of the thermal current in heat exchanging process and the oxygen content of inside.Also coordinate air-introduced machine in actual production process
Blast size, can improve heat exchanger effectiveness of the lignite in the chamber interior space, reduce lignite along curve movement depolymehzation process
Resistance.
Preferably, the full water of the coal dust after drying and upgrading is 12-15%, ash 18-25%, fugitive constituent 48-55%,
Low heat valve is 4200-4500 kilocalories；R90For 7-45%,.Full water (Mt) is the general name of free moisture and inherent moisture, i.e., wet
Point+inherent moisture.Ash is the composition that can not be burnt left after coal burning.Fugitive constituent be in coal burning it is volatilizable into
Point.The sample of low heat valve (Qnet) unit mass burns under constant volume in excessive oxygen, its combustion product composition
For oxygen, nitrogen, carbon dioxide, sulfur dioxide, liberated heat when vaporous water and solid-state ash.First air caused by air blower
Temperature is 40-90 DEG C, primary air velocity 27-38m/s, and primary air pressure (dynamic pressure) is 700-900Pa, coal-air ratio 2.3-2.6,
Coal-air ratio is the total blast volume into boiler and the ratio (kg/kg) of total coal amount.Fineness of pulverized coal R90 refers to
90 microns of sieve screens coal dust, the percentage of total coal dust shared by the rough coal powder stayed in above sieve.
The ignition point of lignite and jet coal is less than 278 DEG C, if using existing pulverized coal preparation system, it may occur that blast, this reality
The method for applying the drying and upgrading of example can be used in drying brown coal and jet coal drying process physical reactions will not occur, and influence coal
Performance.
The present embodiment additionally provides a kind of boiler coal feeding (powder) system, shown in Figure 2, including drying and upgrading system, height
Effect Pulverized Coal Bin, air blower and boiler, drying and upgrading system are connected with high-efficiency pulverized coal storehouse, and air blower is connected with boiler by pipeline,
Pipeline between air blower and boiler is connected with high-efficiency pulverized coal storehouse；It is shown in Figure 3, drying and upgrading system include drying device,
Separator and deduster, drying device are connected with separator, and separator is connected with deduster；Referring to shown in Fig. 4 and Fig. 5, dry
Device includes drive device 1, frame 2, casing 3, lifting tooth 4 and drive shaft 5；Drive device 1 and casing 3 are arranged in frame 2,
Casing 3 and frame 2 form the cavity of drying device, and drive device 1 is connected with drive shaft 5, and lifting tooth 4 is provided with drive shaft 5；
Air inlet 6, feeding mouth 7 and air outlet 8 are provided with casing；The set location of feeding mouth 7 is higher than the top of lifting tooth 4.On casing
Discharge end 9 is additionally provided with, coal is collected by discharge end 9, flue gas flow direction separator and deduster, discharge end 9, flue gas flow direction separation
Device and deduster are connected with high-efficiency pulverized coal storehouse.
Drying and upgrading system is introduced boiler coal feeding system by the method initiative for the boiler coal feeding (powder) that the present embodiment provides
In system, by introducing the drying and upgrading system of coal, the coal after the drying and upgrading that burns can improve unit efficiency, and it is auxiliary to reduce air-introduced machine etc.
The power consumption of machine, so as to reduce gross coal consumption rate, while it can also reduce CO2、NOxDischarge.The boiler coal feeding equipment that the present embodiment provides
It is simple in construction, safe for operation, versatility is good.Without using bulky pulverized coal preparation system, economize the land resource；Drying and upgrading system
It can coordinate to control with boiler, input cost is relatively low；Especially it is a cancellation the inflammable and explosive potential safety hazard of pulverized coal preparation system.Also
Use lignite and the jet coal of power plant safely, economic can be made, lignite and jet coal are easily exploited, and price is typically relatively low, reduces
Power plant soot cost.
In the present embodiment, drying and upgrading system and boiler slitless connection, without secondary transhipment, it can effectively prevent dust to air
Pollution.Boiler reduces powder consumption rate processed, and drying and upgrading coal dust improves boiler combustion efficiency.
Data using the drying means drying brown coal of the present embodiment are as shown in table 1：
Data after the brown coal drying of 1 embodiment of table 1
| Rate of drying | 630kgH20/m3.h |
| Lift calorific value | 2500kcal/kg |
| Dehydration rate | 74% or so |
| Lignite granularity | ≤3mm |
| Separate unit disposal ability (wet basis) per hour | 36 cubes |
Embodiment 2
The present embodiment provides a kind of method of boiler coal feeding (powder), and the difference with embodiment 1 is the temperature of air inlet thermal current
To spend be 1000 degrees Celsius, oxygen content is less than 8%, and the negative pressure of drying device is 4500Pa, and the flow velocity of thermal current is 10m/ in cavity
s；The rotating speed of rotating device is 200 revs/min, and drying time of the lignite in whole cavity is 3s.It is shown in Figure 6, this reality
The cavity for applying the drying device of example is divided into the multiple chambers being divided into by striker plate 11, when lignite is shed more by lifting tooth depolymerization
Overflow in chamber, after the lignite after depolymerization dries (mass heat transfer) in the chamber with thermal current, progressively flow to next chamber, most
Discharged by discharge gate.Striker plate 11 is arranged in the bottom of casing 3 or frame 2.It is as shown in Figure 6 that thermal current flows to curve 10.
Part same as Example 1, the present embodiment repeat no more.
Data after the brown coal drying of 2 embodiment of table 2
| Rate of drying | 620kgH20/m3.h |
| Lift calorific value | 2700kcal/kg |
| Dehydration rate | 76% or so |
| Lignite granularity | ≤3mm |
| Separate unit disposal ability (wet basis) per hour | 37 cubes |
Embodiment 3
The present embodiment provides a kind of method of boiler coal feeding (powder), and the difference with embodiment 1 is the temperature of air inlet thermal current
To spend be 1200 degrees Celsius, oxygen content is less than 8%, and the negative pressure of drying device is 4000Pa, and the flow velocity of thermal current is 10m/ in cavity
s；The rotating speed of rotating device is 200 revs/min, and drying time of the lignite in whole cavity is 3s.It is shown in Figure 7, dry
The cavity of device is divided into multiple chambers that striker plate 11 by being staggered and deep bead 12 are divided into so that thermal current and lignite
Trend in the chamber is S-shaped, and mass heat transfer is abundant, and the thermal efficiency improves.Thermal current flows to curve 10 as shown in fig. 7, striker plate
11 are arranged on the bottom of casing 3, and deep bead 12 is arranged on case top.Part same as Example 1, the present embodiment are no longer superfluous
State.
Lower baffle divides housing 135 into multiple chambers, and granularity size and humidity could enter latter after reaching to a certain degree
Individual chamber, granularity is big and the lignite of high humidity is larger due to conducting oneself with dignity, and next chamber can not be moved into company with hot-air,
Continue to fall into and shed when front chamber is raised up by the agitation realization of lifting tooth, and realize the constantly broken of lignite bulky grain, its it is broken by
Lifting tooth, lower baffle plate, particle mutually hit common realization, are finally reached discharging wind stopping device after point multiple chamber transition, ensure into
Product uniform granularity and humidity meet the requirements.
Hot-air and logistics is set to form S-shaped and move towards by upper plate washer and lower baffle, exchange efficiency is high, and energy consumption is small.
Data after the brown coal drying of 3 embodiment of table 3
| Rate of drying | 610kgH20/m3.h |
| Lift calorific value | 2600kcal/kg |
| Dehydration rate | 75% or so |
| Lignite granularity | ≤4mm |
| Separate unit disposal ability (wet basis) per hour | 36 cubes |
Embodiment 4
The present embodiment provides a kind of method of boiler coal feeding (powder), and the difference with embodiment 1 is the temperature of air inlet thermal current
To spend be 900 degrees Celsius, oxygen content is less than 8%, and the negative pressure of drying device is 4000Pa, and the flow velocity of thermal current is 10m/s in cavity；
The rotating speed of rotating device is 200 revs/min, and drying time of the lignite in whole cavity is 3s.It is shown in Figure 9, dry dress
The cavity put is divided into multiple chambers that striker plate 11 by being staggered and deep bead 12 are divided into so that thermal current exists with lignite
Trend in chamber is S-shaped, and mass heat transfer is abundant, and the thermal efficiency improves.As shown in Figure 8 and Figure 9, lignite is all with thermal current band
Walk, then collected by flue gas flow direction separator and deduster, therefore, discharge end 9 need not be set, coal dust directly leads on casing
Cross flue gas flow direction separator and deduster is taken away, and be connected with high-efficiency pulverized coal storehouse.
Thermal current flows to curve 10 as shown in figure 9, the present embodiment passes through the limit to parameters such as negative pressure value, temperature, oxygen content
It is fixed so that the dehydration rate for the drying means that the present embodiment is limited greatly improves；Do not reach blast critical value, will not occur quick-fried
It is fried, workshop operation safety；Rate of drying is high.The water content control of dried coal is preferable, the uniform granularity of lignite, effectively
Ensure the quality of product after drying.The restriction of the present embodiment make it that drying time of the lignite in whole cavity is short, can either protect
Demonstrate,proving high dehydration rate will not make lignite that pyrolysis (combustion reaction) occur again, lignite rapid draing, will not be sticky in chamber housing.
Data after the brown coal drying of 4 embodiment of table 4
| Rate of drying | 600kgH20/m3.h |
| Lift calorific value | 2500kcal/kg |
| Dehydration rate | 75% or so |
| Granularity | 3≤mm |
| Separate unit disposal ability (wet basis) per hour | 35 cubes |
Embodiment 5
The present embodiment provides a kind of method of boiler coal feeding (powder), and the difference with embodiment 1 is the temperature of air inlet thermal current
To spend be 2000 degrees Celsius, oxygen content is less than 12%, and the negative pressure of drying device is 6000Pa, and the flow velocity of thermal current is 2m/ in cavity
s；The rotating speed of rotating device is 500 revs/min, and drying time of the lignite in whole cavity is 20s.Same as Example 1
Part, the present embodiment repeat no more.
Data after the brown coal drying of 5 embodiment of table 5
| Rate of drying | 600kgH20/m3.h |
| Lift calorific value | 2700kcal/kg |
| Dehydration rate | 76% or so |
| Lignite granularity | ≤3mm |
| Separate unit disposal ability (wet basis) per hour | 37 cubes |
Embodiment 6
The present embodiment provides a kind of method of boiler coal feeding (powder), and the difference with embodiment 1 is the temperature of air inlet thermal current
To spend be 1500 degrees Celsius, oxygen content is less than 7%, and the negative pressure of drying device is 100Pa, and the flow velocity of thermal current is 24m/s in cavity；
The rotating speed of rotating device is 50 revs/min, and drying time of the lignite in whole cavity is 1s.Part same as Example 1,
The present embodiment repeats no more.
Data after the brown coal drying of 6 embodiment of table 6
| Rate of drying | 600kgH20/m3.h |
| Lift calorific value | 2700kcal/kg |
| Dehydration rate | 76% or so |
| Lignite granularity | ≤4mm |
| Separate unit disposal ability (wet basis) per hour | 37 cubes |
Embodiment 7
The present embodiment provides a kind of method of boiler coal feeding (powder), and the difference with embodiment 1 is the temperature of air inlet thermal current
To spend be 600 degrees Celsius, oxygen content is less than 10%, and the negative pressure of drying device is 1000Pa, and the flow velocity of thermal current is 8m/s in cavity；
The rotating speed of rotating device is 400 revs/min, and drying time of the lignite in whole cavity is 8s.Portion same as Example 1
Point, the present embodiment repeats no more.
Data after the brown coal drying of 7 embodiment of table 7
| Rate of drying | 620kgH20/m3.h |
| Lift calorific value | 2500kcal/kg |
| Dehydration rate | 76% or so |
| Lignite granularity | ≤3mm |
| Separate unit disposal ability (wet basis) per hour | 37 cubes |
Embodiment 8
The present embodiment provides a kind of method of boiler coal feeding (powder), and the difference with embodiment 1 is the temperature of air inlet thermal current
To spend be 1300 degrees Celsius, oxygen content is less than 9%, and the negative pressure of drying device is 250Pa, and the flow velocity of thermal current is 16m/s in cavity；
The rotating speed of rotating device is 150 revs/min, and drying time of the lignite in whole cavity is 4s.Portion same as Example 1
Point, the present embodiment repeats no more.
Data after the brown coal drying of 8 embodiment of table 8
Embodiment 9
The present embodiment provides a kind of method of boiler coal feeding (powder), and the difference with embodiment 1 is that the present embodiment is with jet coal
Exemplified by, the temperature of air inlet thermal current is 9500 degrees Celsius, oxygen content is less than 10%, and the negative pressure of drying device is 4000Pa, chamber
The flow velocity of thermal current is 10m/s in body；The rotating speed of rotating device is 200 revs/min, during drying of the jet coal in whole cavity
Between be 4s.Part same as Example 1, the present embodiment repeat no more.
The dried data of jet coal of 9 embodiment of table 9
| Rate of drying | 600kgH20/m3.h |
| Lift calorific value | 2300kcal/kg |
| Dehydration rate | 70% or so |
| Jet coal granularity | ≤3mm |
| Separate unit disposal ability (wet basis) per hour | 35 cubes |
Finally it should be noted that the above embodiments are merely illustrative of the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than the present invention is protected
The limitation of scope is protected, although being explained with reference to preferred embodiment to the present invention, one of ordinary skill in the art should
Work as understanding, technical scheme can be modified or equivalent substitution, without departing from the reality of technical solution of the present invention
Matter and scope.
Claims (10)
- A kind of 1. method of boiler coal feeding, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps：Upgrading is dried in coal first, obtains coal Powder；Coal is dried to the method for upgrading is：By temperature be 200-1500 degrees Celsius, oxygen content less than 12% thermal current from Air inlet is introduced into the cavity of drying device, and air outlet tail end is provided with air-introduced machine, the cavity of drying device is produced 100- 6000Pa negative pressure, the flow velocity of thermal current is 2-24m/s in cavity；The bottom of cavity is provided with rotating device, and drying device enters For the set location of material mouth higher than the top of the lifting tooth on rotating device, the rotating speed of rotating device is 50-500 revs/min, coal and Thermal current cocurrent enters cavity, and lifting tooth is broken and sheds coal and spreads in thermal current, during drying of the coal in whole cavity Between be 1-20s；Coal is discharged after being dried by thermal current from drying device, into high-efficiency pulverized coal storehouse；Wind caused by air blower is blown into boiler furnace after converging with coal dust.
- A kind of 2. method of boiler coal feeding according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The full water of coal dust after drying and upgrading For 12-15%, ash 18-25%, fugitive constituent 48-55%, low heat valve is 4200-4800 kilocalories；R90For 7-45%.
- A kind of 3. method of boiler coal feeding according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：A wind-warm syndrome temperature caused by air blower Spend for 40-90 DEG C, primary air velocity 27-38m/s, primary air pressure 700-900Pa, coal-air ratio 2.3-2.6.
- A kind of 4. method of boiler coal feeding according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Temperature at thermal current air outlet is 60-200 degrees Celsius；The dried granularity of coal is 0.01-3mm.
- 5. according to a kind of method of any described boiler coal feedings of claim 1-4, it is characterised in that：The boiler be use it is low Rank coal burning boiler.
- 6. according to a kind of method of any described boiler coal feedings of claim 1-5, it is characterised in that：The temperature of air inlet thermal current To spend be 800-1100 degrees Celsius, oxygen content is less than 8%, and the negative pressure of drying device is 900-6000Pa, the stream of thermal current in cavity Speed is 8-18m/s；The rotating speed of rotating device is 100-400 revs/min, and drying time of the coal in whole cavity is 1-5s；Or the temperature of air inlet thermal current is 600-900 degrees Celsius, oxygen content is less than 11%, the negative pressure of drying device is 900-6000Pa, the flow velocity of thermal current is 8-14m/s in cavity；The rotating speed of rotating device is 100-400 revs/min, and coal is whole Drying time in individual cavity is 1-5s.
- A kind of 7. boiler coal feeding system, it is characterised in that：Including drying and upgrading system, high-efficiency pulverized coal storehouse, air blower and boiler, institute Drying and upgrading system is stated to be connected with high-efficiency pulverized coal storehouse, the air blower is connected with the boiler by pipeline, the air blower and Pipeline between the boiler is connected with the high-efficiency pulverized coal storehouse；Drying and upgrading system includes drying device, separator and dedusting Device, drying device are connected with separator, and separator is connected with deduster；The drying device includes drive device, frame, machine Shell, lifting tooth and drive shaft；Drive device and casing are arranged in frame, the cavity of casing and frame composition drying device, are driven Dynamic device is provided with lifting tooth with driving axis connection in drive shaft；Air inlet, feeding mouth and air-out are provided with the casing Mouthful.
- A kind of 8. boiler coal feeding system according to claim 7, it is characterised in that：The cavity of the drying device be divided into by Multiple chambers that striker plate is divided into, striker plate are arranged in bottom of shell or frame, and coal is dried in the chamber with thermal current Afterwards, next chamber is progressively flowed to, is most discharged afterwards through discharge gate.
- A kind of 9. boiler coal feeding system according to claim 7, it is characterised in that：The cavity of drying device is divided into by staggeredly Multiple chambers that the striker plate and deep bead of setting are divided into, striker plate are arranged in bottom of shell or frame, and deep bead is set Put in case top so that thermal current and the trend of coal in the chamber are S-shaped.
- A kind of 10. boiler coal feeding system according to claim 7, it is characterised in that：Discharging is additionally provided with the casing End, coal are collected by discharge end, flue gas flow direction separator and deduster, discharge end, flue gas flow direction separator and deduster and height Imitate Pulverized Coal Bin connection.
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