CN107763077B

CN107763077B - Axle sleeve, axle assembly, test bench and car

Info

Publication number: CN107763077B
Application number: CN201610670373.9A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 黄旭; 郝晓伟; 戴基卉
Original assignee: SAIC Motor Corp Ltd
Current assignee: SAIC Motor Corp Ltd
Priority date: 2016-08-15
Filing date: 2016-08-15
Publication date: 2020-07-31
Anticipated expiration: 2036-08-15
Also published as: CN107763077A

Abstract

The utility model provides a axle sleeve, axle assembly, test bench and car, the axle sleeve includes: a sleeve body having a first end and a second end in an axial direction; a seal member mounting end surface provided on an outer peripheral surface of the first end; and a packing member mounting groove provided on an inner circumferential surface of the second end. The shaft sleeve adopted by the invention can realize the sealing of the transmission shaft of the test bed and prevent the engine oil from leaking and volatilizing.

Description

Axle sleeve, axle assembly, test bench and car

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of mechanical engineering, in particular to a shaft sleeve, a shaft assembly, a test bed and an automobile.

Background

In the automotive field, in order to ensure that the performance of the engine applied to the automobile meets the requirements, the engine is usually tested by using tests, including: the performance test of the cylinder cover of the engine, the durability test of the cylinder cover of the engine and the like. The cylinder head is mounted on the cylinder block, seals the cylinder from above and constitutes a combustion chamber, which is often in contact with high-temperature and high-pressure combustion gas, and thus is subjected to a large thermal load and a large mechanical load. The cylinder cover is also provided with an air inlet valve seat, an air outlet valve seat, an air valve guide pipe hole, an air inlet valve, an air outlet valve, an air inlet channel, an air outlet channel and the like. Therefore, the performance test of the engine valve mechanism can be realized in the process of testing the performance of the engine cylinder cover.

In the performance test, the operation of an engine can be simulated usually, the engine of a general test bench is dragged backwards through a motor, the motor is connected with one axial end of a transmission shaft, the other axial end of the transmission shaft is connected with a gear in an engine chain system, the motor drives the transmission shaft, so that the other axial end of the transmission shaft drives the engine chain system to transmit, the engine starts to work, the operation of the engine is simulated, and the performance test of an engine cylinder cover is carried out.

The sealing requirement of the test bed on the transmission shaft and the engine chain system is high, different test beds can be designed according to the sizes of parts for testing different parts, so that the test bed belongs to a non-standard structure, and the requirement of the universal standard sealing device on the sealing effect is difficult to meet by the test bed.

On the existing test bench, as shown in fig. 1, one axial end of a transmission shaft 110 is connected to a motor (not shown in the figure), the other axial end of the transmission shaft 110 is sequentially connected to a bearing 200, a bearing cover (not shown in the figure) and a baffle 300, a sealing element 310 is arranged between the transmission shaft 110 and the baffle 300, and the sealing element 310 can be an oil seal or a felt or other sealable devices to realize sealing; the transmission shaft 110 is connected to the baffle 300 and then connected to an engine chain system (not shown), and the engine chain system realizes oil sealing of the chain system through oil sealing.

The sealing structure of the test bed has the problems of engine oil leakage and engine oil volatilization, and the specific analysis is as follows:

in the rotation process of the transmission shaft 110, a rotation friction force exists between the transmission shaft 110 and the sealing element 310, under the action of the rotation friction force, the inner periphery of the sealing element 310 is abraded, so that the gap between the sealing element 310 and the transmission shaft 110 is enlarged, and the sealing effect is influenced;

because the bearing 200 on the transmission shaft 110 and the baffle 300 are oppositely arranged and are of a non-sealing structure, if oil seeps out of the sealing element 310, the oil flows into the transmission shaft 110 between the baffle 300 and the bearing 200, and the oil is easy to volatilize;

further, since there is no sealing device in the bearing 200, the engine oil may flow into the bearing 200, which may damage the lubricating oil system of the bearing 200;

meanwhile, the leakage and volatilization of the engine oil can cause insufficient engine oil supply of the chain system, so that parts in the chain system are not lubricated enough, the possibility of damage of the parts exists, and even a safety problem can occur.

Therefore, the transmission shaft 110 of the existing test bench is only sealed at one end of the transmission shaft through the sealing element 310, and no other sealing structure is provided, namely the baffle 300 and the bearing 200 are arranged oppositely, so that the leakage and volatilization of the engine oil can be caused, and the normal performance of the performance test of the engine cylinder cover can be influenced.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention solves the problems that: the sealing structure of the transmission shaft of the engine cylinder cover test bed has leakage and volatilization of engine oil.

To solve the above problems, the present invention provides a shaft sleeve, comprising:

a sleeve body having a first end and a second end in an axial direction;

a seal member mounting end surface provided on an outer peripheral surface of the first end;

and a packing member mounting groove provided on an inner circumferential surface of the second end.

Optionally, the method further includes: the bearing mounting groove is arranged on the inner circumferential surface of the second end, an axial gap is formed between the bearing mounting groove and the sealing element mounting groove, the sealing element mounting groove is located between the bearing mounting groove and the sealing element mounting end surface, and the outer circumferential surface of the second end is provided with a bearing end surface used for being in contact fit with a bearing.

Optionally, the inner circumferential surface of the first end is an annular inclined surface, and a distance between the inclined surface and the central axis of the shaft sleeve body is gradually reduced from the first end to the second end.

Optionally, the inclined surface is a circular truncated cone side surface.

Optionally, the inclined surface is provided with a plurality of protrusions.

Optionally, the protrusions are step-shaped or sawtooth-shaped, or the surfaces of the protrusions are cambered surfaces.

Optionally, the sealing member mounting end face is provided with a first sealing member, and the sealing member mounting groove is provided with a second sealing member.

Optionally, the first seal comprises: oil seals or O-rings.

Optionally, the second seal comprises: an oil seal or a seal ring or an oO-type seal ring.

The present invention also provides a shaft assembly comprising:

a shaft;

the bearing, the shaft sleeve and the baffle are sequentially sleeved on the transmission shaft.

Optionally, the inner circumferential surface of the second end is provided with a bearing installation groove, the bearing is inserted into the bearing installation groove, and the outer circumferential surface of the second end is provided with a bearing end surface for contacting and matching with the bearing.

Optionally, the shaft is a drive shaft.

The present invention also provides a test stand comprising:

a motor;

an engine comprising a chain system;

the shaft assembly;

one end of the shaft is connected with a motor; the other axial end of the shaft penetrates through the baffle plate to be connected with a gear of the engine chain system.

The present invention also provides an automobile comprising:

the shaft assembly.

Compared with the prior art, the technical scheme of the invention has the following advantages:

the shaft sleeve is provided with a first end and a second end, wherein the outer peripheral surface of the first end is provided with a sealing element mounting end surface, and the inner peripheral surface of the second end is provided with a sealing element mounting groove. When the performance of the engine cylinder cover is tested, the bearing, the shaft sleeve and the baffle are sequentially sleeved on the transmission shaft, and a first sealing element is arranged on the sealing element mounting end surface of the shaft sleeve and is in sealing fit with the baffle; the shaft sleeve sealing element mounting groove is provided with a second sealing element which is in sealing fit with the transmission shaft; if organic oil reveals, because have two sealing device of first sealing member and second sealing member on the transmission shaft, can prevent that the machine oil in the engine chain system from revealing, and can prevent that machine oil from revealing in the bearing.

Further, the inner peripheral surface of axle sleeve second end has the bearing mounting groove, and the outer peripheral surface of second end is equipped with the bearing terminal surface for with the bearing contact cooperation, like this, the bearing can be inserted and locate in the axle sleeve, make bearing and axle sleeve integration assembly, epaxial bearing of transmission, axle sleeve and baffle belong to a sealed structure like this, machine oil can not expose on the transmission shaft, can prevent volatilizing of machine oil.

Further, the radial inboard of the first end of axle sleeve is equipped with annular inclined plane, and when having a small amount of machine oil to reveal, when the machine oil flows the radial inboard annular inclined plane of the first end of axle sleeve, the machine oil of revealing can flow back the tip of transmission shaft and engine chain system contact along the inclined plane to can flow back to the oil tank, can also avoid machine oil to flow into the bearing simultaneously, destroy the lubricating system of bearing, avoided machine oil to reveal.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a prior art test stand taken along an axial direction of a drive shaft assembly;

FIG. 2 is a schematic axial cross-sectional view of a sleeve in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic axial cross-sectional view of a shaft assembly according to an embodiment of the present invention

FIG. 4 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a side wall of a spindle sleeve in which an annular inclined surface is a side surface of a circular truncated cone according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a side wall of a bushing having an elliptical protrusion on the inner annular beveled surface according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 6 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a sidewall having serrations on the inner annular chamfer surface of a bearing according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 7 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a bearing with a stepped inner annular bevel surface.

Detailed Description

In order to make the aforementioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention comprehensible, embodiments accompanied with figures are described in detail below.

An embodiment of the present invention provides a shaft sleeve, as shown in fig. 2, including: a sleeve body 400 having a first end and a second end in an axial direction; a seal attachment end surface 420 provided on an outer peripheral surface of the first end; and a packing installation groove 410 provided at an inner circumferential surface of the second end.

The sealing member mounting end surface 420 is formed by cutting a certain thickness along the outer circumferential surface of the first end of the sleeve body 400, and forms an annular end surface after the cutting; a first sealing member may be disposed on an outer circumferential surface of the sealing member mounting end surface 420, and the first sealing member includes: oil seals or O-rings.

The sealing member mounting groove 410 is formed by cutting along the inner circumferential surface of the second end of the shaft sleeve body 400 to a certain thickness, and the diameter of the sealing member mounting groove 410 is larger than that of the through hole of the mounting shaft in the shaft sleeve body 400; a second seal member is press-fitted in the seal mounting groove 410, the second seal member including: oil seals or O-rings.

With continued reference to fig. 2, the bushing further comprises: a bearing mounting groove 430 provided on an inner circumferential surface of the second end; the bearing mounting groove 430 has an axial clearance with the seal mounting groove 410, and the seal mounting groove 410 is located between the bearing mounting groove 430 and the seal mounting end surface 420; the diameter of the bearing installation groove 430 is larger than that of the sealing member installation groove 410, and the outer circumferential surface of the second end is further provided with a bearing end surface 440 for contacting and matching with a bearing.

With continued reference to fig. 2, the inner circumferential surface of the first end is an annular inclined surface 450, and the distance between the inclined surface 450 and the central axis of the sleeve body 400 gradually decreases from the first end to the second end.

Referring to fig. 3 in combination with fig. 2, an embodiment of the present invention provides a shaft assembly using the shaft sleeve, including:

a shaft 100;

the bearing 200, the shaft sleeve body 400 and the baffle plate 310 are sequentially sleeved on the shaft 100;

a first sealing member 421 is sleeved on the sealing member mounting end surface 420 and is in sealing fit with the baffle plate 310; a second sealing member 411 is press-fitted into the sealing member mounting groove 410 to be in sealing engagement with the shaft 100.

In addition, the inner circumferential surface of the axial second end of the sleeve body 400 is provided with a bearing installation groove 430, and the bearing 200 is inserted into the bearing installation groove 430, so that the bearing 200 and the sleeve body 400 are integrally assembled.

The shaft 100 may be various shafts in an automobile assembly, and may be a transmission shaft, for example.

With continued reference to fig. 3 and in conjunction with fig. 2, an embodiment of the present invention provides an engine cylinder head performance test stand using the shaft assembly, including:

a motor (not shown in the drawings);

the shaft assembly;

an engine (not shown in the figures) comprising a chain system;

one end of the shaft 100 is connected to a motor, and the other axial end of the shaft 100 passes through the baffle 310 and is connected to a gear (not shown) of the engine chain system. The engine cylinder head performance test can be carried out through the test bed.

When the engine cylinder cover performance test bed is adopted to carry out the performance test of the engine cylinder cover: the shaft sleeve sealing element mounting end face 420 is provided with a first sealing element 421 which is in sealing fit with the baffle plate 310; the sealing member mounting groove 410 is provided with a second sealing member 411 which is in sealing fit with the shaft 100; by adopting the sealing structure on the test bed, if the oil leaks, the leaked oil cannot pass through the two sealing devices because the shaft 100 is provided with the first sealing element 421 and the second sealing element 411, so that the oil in the chain system of the engine can be prevented from leaking, and the oil can be prevented from leaking into the bearing 200.

In addition, because still include on the axle sleeve body 400 on this test bench: and a bearing mounting groove 430 formed on an inner circumferential surface of the second end, wherein the bearing 200 is inserted into the bearing mounting groove 430, such that the bearing 200 and the sleeve body 400 are integrally assembled.

Thus, the bearing 200, the sleeve 400 and the baffle 310 on the shaft 100 belong to an integral sealing structure, and the engine oil is not exposed on the shaft 100, so that the volatilization of the engine oil can be prevented.

Meanwhile, when the transmission shaft assembly is horizontally installed on a test bed, because the radial inner side of the first end of the shaft sleeve body 400 is provided with the annular inclined plane 450, if a small amount of engine oil leaks, the engine oil can flow onto the annular inclined plane 450, and under the action of self gravity, the engine oil can flow to the bottommost part 450b of the inclined plane 450 along the vertical direction, and because the bottommost part 450b is a downhill surface from the first end to the second end, the engine oil can flow back to the end part of the shaft 100, which is in contact with an engine chain system, along the bottom part 450b of the inclined plane 450 and can flow back to an oil tank, and meanwhile, the engine oil can be prevented from flowing into the bearing 200, so that a lubricating system of the bearing 200 is.

As shown in fig. 4, the inclined surface 450 may be a truncated cone side surface; in order to make the engine oil more easily flow back to the oil tank. Referring to fig. 5 in combination with fig. 4, a plurality of protrusions 451 are arranged on the surface of the inclined surface 450, after the protrusions 451 are arranged, the surface of the inclined surface 450 is irregular, the protrusions 451 enable oil to flow back to the oil tank more easily than a smooth surface, and the surface of the protrusions 451 is a cambered surface. The protrusions are not limited to the arc surface shape, and as shown in fig. 6, the protrusions are in a sawtooth shape; furthermore, the projection may be stepped as shown in fig. 7.

It should be noted that fig. 4-7 are schematic cross-sectional views of the sidewalls of the bevel 450, but only show the two sidewalls of the bevel 450, and the rest of the bevel 450 is not shown. The design of the inclined surface 450 is not limited to the above design, and as long as the inner circumferential surface of the first end is an annular inclined surface, the distance between the inclined surface 450 and the central axis of the sleeve body 400 is gradually reduced from the first end to the second end of the sleeve body 400, and such an inclined surface structure can be applied to the embodiment of the present invention.

In addition, the invention also provides an automobile comprising the shaft assembly.

Although the present invention is disclosed above, the present invention is not limited thereto. Various changes and modifications may be effected therein by one skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined in the appended claims.

Claims

1. A test stand, comprising:

a motor;

an engine comprising a chain system;

the shaft assembly comprises a shaft, a bearing, a shaft sleeve and a baffle plate, wherein the bearing, the shaft sleeve and the baffle plate are sequentially sleeved on the shaft; one end of the shaft is connected with a motor, and the other end of the shaft in the axial direction penetrates through the baffle plate to be connected with a gear of the engine chain system;

the shaft sleeve includes:

a sleeve body having a first end and a second end in an axial direction;

the sealing element mounting end face is arranged on the peripheral surface of the first end, a first sealing element is arranged on the sealing element mounting end face, and the first sealing element is in sealing fit with the baffle;

the sealing element mounting groove is formed in the inner circumferential surface of the second end, a second sealing element is arranged in the sealing element mounting groove, and the second sealing element is in sealing fit with the shaft;

the bearing mounting groove is arranged on the inner peripheral surface of the second end, the bearing is inserted into the bearing mounting groove, an axial gap is formed between the bearing mounting groove and the sealing element mounting groove, and the sealing element mounting groove is positioned between the bearing mounting groove and the sealing element mounting end surface;

and the bearing end face is arranged on the peripheral surface of the second end and is in contact fit with the bearing.

2. The test bed as claimed in claim 1, wherein the inner circumferential surface of the first end is an annular inclined surface, and the distance between the inclined surface and the central axis of the sleeve body is gradually reduced from the first end to the second end.

3. The test rig of claim 2, wherein the ramp is a frustoconical side.

4. The test rig of claim 2, wherein the beveled surface is provided with a plurality of protrusions.

5. The test bed according to claim 4, wherein the protrusions are stepped or serrated, or the surface of the protrusions is a cambered surface.

6. The test rig of claim 1, wherein the first seal comprises: an oil seal or a seal ring.

7. The test rig of claim 1, wherein the second seal comprises: an oil seal or a seal ring.

8. The test rig of claim 1, wherein the shaft is a drive shaft.