CN107762578B

CN107762578B - Variable-flow-channel turbocharger volute

Info

Publication number: CN107762578B
Application number: CN201710928488.8A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 杨海涛; 周得广; 居钰生; 许汉君; 郭立新; 谢爱元
Original assignee: FAW Group Corp
Current assignee: FAW Group Corp
Priority date: 2017-10-09
Filing date: 2017-10-09
Publication date: 2019-12-31
Anticipated expiration: 2037-10-09
Also published as: CN107762578A

Abstract

The invention discloses a volute of a variable-flow-channel turbocharger, which comprises a volute cavity, wherein the volute cavity is provided with a volute flow channel for collecting exhaust from an engine, and the exhaust is sent to an inlet part of an impeller blade through the volute flow channel; the method is characterized in that: and a sliding partition plate is longitudinally arranged in the volute cavity along the exhaust flowing direction and is used for dividing the volute flow channel into a first flow channel and a second flow channel with relatively changed sectional areas. The volute flow channel is divided into two flow channels by arranging the slidable partition plate in the volute. The flow of gas in the first and second flow passages is regulated by the slidable partition plate, and the flow angle of the volute outlet gas flow is also regulated. The switching between the radial flow turbine and the mixed flow turbine is realized by controlling the flow angle of the gas at the outlet of the volute, so the flow loss is less and the turbine efficiency is higher. The method is more suitable for optimizing the comprehensive performance of the supercharger and the engine under different engine working conditions.

Description

Variable-flow-channel turbocharger volute

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of exhaust gas turbocharging, and particularly relates to a volute of a variable-flow-channel turbocharger.

Background

When the engine runs at low speed and high load, the compressor is required to provide more fresh air. And the energy required by the compressor comes from the turbine. The turbine needs to be adjusted to a high efficiency region. In addition, when the engine runs at a high rotating speed, the exhaust energy of the turbocharger is high, and in order to reduce the exhaust back pressure as much as possible and improve the fuel efficiency, the turbocharger needs to be adjusted towards a large flow direction. Therefore, the variable flow passage turbocharger needs to be designed, so that the matching of the engine and the supercharger is more coordinated under different working conditions.

The prior art mainly solves the problems by arranging turbine volutes with different capacities, and adopts a small volute under the low-speed working condition of an engine and a larger volute under the high-speed working condition. Therefore, the engine and the supercharger can be optimally matched under different working conditions. The scheme of an inner volute flow passage and an outer volute flow passage is generally adopted, and a part of partition plate is arranged between the inner volute flow passage and the outer volute flow passage. When only the inner side flow channel acts, after the gas passes through part of the partition plate, the sectional area in the volute is suddenly enlarged, separation is generated, and the energy dissipation of the gas is serious. In addition, the flow channel structure of the inner volute and the outer volute is complex, and the casting cost is increased.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a volute of a variable-flow-channel turbocharger, so that a turbine has higher turbine efficiency at low speed of an engine and has better circulation capacity at high speed of the engine, and the fuel consumption at high speed is reduced.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:

a variable flow turbocharger volute comprising a volute chamber having a volute flow channel that collects exhaust from an engine, through which exhaust is fed into an inlet portion at an impeller blade; the method is characterized in that: and a sliding partition plate is longitudinally arranged in the volute cavity along the exhaust flowing direction and is used for dividing the volute flow channel into a first flow channel and a second flow channel with relatively changed sectional areas.

It is further characterized in that: the sliding partition plate comprises a sliding plate and a partition plate which are connected in a T shape; the volute flow passage dome is provided with a notch, and the partition plate is inserted into the volute flow passage through the notch; the sliding plate closes the gap and can slide along the volute flow passage dome.

One form is: the sliding partition plate is arranged between the throat position in the volute cavity and the inlet of the volute.

In another form: the sliding partition plate extends from the throat position in the volute cavity to the middle of the volute flow channel.

Further: the impeller is a mixed flow turbine blade.

The volute flow channel is divided into two flow channels by arranging the slidable partition plate in the volute. The flow of gas in the first and second flow passages is regulated by the slidable partition plate, and the flow angle of the volute outlet gas flow is also regulated. When the engine is at low speed, the slidable partition is adjusted to the direction of high energy conversion efficiency of the turbine, and the turbine works in a radial flow turbine mode. When the engine runs at a high speed, the slidable partition plate is adjusted towards the direction with high flow capacity of the turbine, and the turbine works in a mixed flow turbine mode. The invention has simpler structure, and realizes the switching between the radial flow turbine and the mixed flow turbine by controlling the flow angle of the gas at the outlet of the volute, so the flow loss is less and the turbine efficiency is higher. The method is more suitable for optimizing the comprehensive performance of the supercharger and the engine under different engine working conditions.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the engine operating at low speed and high load conditions.

FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the engine operating at high speed and high load conditions.

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of one form of sliding partition.

Fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of another form of the sliding partition.

Detailed Description

A variable flow path turbocharger turbine assembly as shown in fig. 1 and 2, said turbine assembly comprising: and the volute cavity 7 is provided with a volute flow channel for collecting exhaust from the engine. The exhaust gas is fed into the inlet portion of the impeller blades 4 through the volute flow path.

And a sliding partition plate is arranged in the volute cavity 7 and comprises a sliding plate 2 and a partition plate 3 which are connected in a T shape, wherein the sliding plate 2 and the volute 1 slide relatively and form airflow seal with the volute 1. The partition 3 divides the flow passage into a first flow passage 10 and a second flow passage 11.

The turbine blades 4 are fixed on the turbine hub 5, and a small gap exists between the turbine blades 4 and the wheel cover 6.

The working process is as follows:

when the engine works under low speed and large load, the compressor is required to provide more fresh air. The diaphragm 3 is adjusted to deflect to the right by an external control mechanism, as shown in fig. 1. The sectional area of the first flow passage 10 is increased, and the sectional area of the second flow passage 11 is reduced, so that the gas flow at the inlet of the turbine is developed towards the direction with high work capacity of the turbine, and the turbine works in a radial-flow turbine mode. The turbine power is increased to provide more power support for the compressor.

When the engine operates at a high speed and under a large load, the exhaust gas quantity of the engine is increased, and the turbine is required to realize efficient exhaust while utilizing the exhaust energy so as to reduce the exhaust back pressure of the engine. At this time, the diaphragm 3 is adjusted to be deflected to the left side by the external control mechanism, as shown in fig. 2. So that the first flow path 10 is reduced in cross-section and the second flow path 11 is increased in cross-sectional area, thereby causing the turbine inlet flow to progress towards the mixed flow turbine. The mixed flow turbine brings better flow characteristic and realizes high-efficiency exhaust. The exhaust back pressure is reduced, and the engine economy is improved.

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of another angle of the sliding partition. The starting position of the partition plate 3 is arranged between the throat position 9 in the volute cavity 7 and the inlet of the volute 7. The airflow is guided by the partitionable plates 3 before passing through the throat position 9 of the volute 7. The end position of the partition 3 may be arranged a small distance after the throat position 9 of the volute 7, as shown in figure 3. It may also be provided to extend a greater distance into the volute flow path, as shown in figure 4.

Claims

1. A variable flow turbocharger volute comprising a volute chamber having a volute flow channel that collects exhaust from an engine, through which exhaust is fed into an inlet portion at an impeller blade; the method is characterized in that: and a sliding partition plate is longitudinally arranged in the volute cavity along the exhaust flowing direction, deflects left and right and is used for dividing the volute flow channel into a first flow channel and a second flow channel with relatively changed sectional areas.

2. The variable flow path turbocharger volute of claim 1, wherein: the sliding partition plate comprises a sliding plate and a partition plate which are connected in a T shape; the volute flow passage dome is provided with a notch, and the partition plate is inserted into the volute flow passage through the notch; the sliding plate closes the gap and can slide along the volute flow passage dome.

3. The variable flow turbocharger volute of claim 2, wherein: the sliding partition plate is arranged at the throat position in the volute cavity.

4. The variable flow turbocharger volute of claim 2, wherein: the sliding partition plate extends from the throat position in the volute cavity to the middle of the volute flow channel.

5. The variable flow path turbocharger volute of any of claims 1-4, wherein: when the engine is in low speed, the sliding partition plate slides to the direction with high energy conversion efficiency of the turbine, and the turbine works in a radial flow turbine mode; when the engine runs at a high speed, the sliding partition plate slides towards the direction with high flow capacity of the turbine, and the turbine works in a mixed flow turbine mode.