CN107762489A - 基于对油气层盐敏性的测试方法 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种基于对油气层盐敏性的测试方法,通过向岩心注入不同矿化度等级的盐水,并测定各矿化度下岩心对盐水的渗透率,根据渗透率随矿化度的变化来评价盐敏损害程度,找出盐敏损害发生的条件,根据实际情况,要作升高矿化度和降低矿化度两种盐敏评价实验,对于升高矿化度的盐敏评价实验,第一级盐水为地层水,将盐水按一定的浓度差逐级升高矿化度,直至找出临界矿化度Cc2或达到工作液的最高矿化度为止。该方法能够对油气层的盐敏性进行准确的测试,得到准确的数值。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种方法,尤其是涉及一种基于对油气层盐敏性的测试方法。
背景技术
油气是伴随石油从油井中出来的气体,主要成分是甲烷、乙烷等。用作燃料和化工原料。油气生成有以下条件,首先,要看生油层中有机质数量的多少,通常称为"有机质丰度"。主要测定其中残留的有机碳含量,以确定一个地区有无生油层、有多少生油层,并把它们按一定的标准分成好的、中等的和差的生油层,进行分类评价。第二,要看生油层中有机质质量的优劣,通常称为"有机质类型"。根据生物来源,把生油母质的干酪根分成三大类。第一类为腐泥型有机质,生物来源主要是水中的浮游动植物,为I型干酪根,属质量最好的有机质。第二类为腐植型有机质,生物来源主要是高等植物,为III型干酪根,属质量较差的有机质。第三类是介于二者之间的混合型有机质,为II型干酪根,是质量较好的有机质。实验室通过对样品的分析结果,按一定的标准确定一个地区的有机质类型,对有机质的质量做出评价。第三,要看有机质是否已经生成了油和气,通常称为"有机质的成熟度",当具备一定数量和质量的有机质在一定的条件下转化成油以后。换句话说,如果不具备生成石油的"火候",有机质最多、最好也是没有什么实际价值的。所以研究有机质的成熟度是很重要的一环。分析数据所提供的信息,可以间接反映有机质在地下经历的温度过程。根据这些数据,把成熟度分为不成熟、生油高峰、湿气、干气(干气是指其成因与石油有关,而含乙烷以上的重烃很少,甲烷含量95%以上的可燃天然气。至于生物气和煤型气的成份与此相近,但成因不同,另当别论。)等四个阶段。评价有机质处在什么成熟阶段,可以告诉人们在某个地区是有利于找油还是找气。第四,要看生成的油或气是来自那个生油层的,通常称为"油源对比"。即在找到油气后,运用"指纹化合物"(或称生物标志化合物)把油气与生油岩进行对比,探索生油岩和油气之间的亲缘关系,研究所生成的油和气是来自那个生油层的。不难想象,提供油源的生油层越多,油源就越丰富,对形成油气田就更为有利。现有开采过程中没有对这些损害进行测试,造成油气层开采一段时间后出现损害,使得开采效率受到影响。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于克服上述现有开采过程中没有对这些损害进行测试,造成油气层开采一段时间后出现损害,使得开采效率受到影响的问题,设计了一种基于对油气层盐敏性的测试方法,该方法能够对油气层的盐敏性进行准确的测试,得到准确的数值,防止由于高于地层水矿化度的工作液滤液进入油气层引起粘土的收缩、失稳、脱落及低于地层水矿化度的工作液滤液进入油气层后而引起粘土的膨胀和分散,并导致油气层孔隙空间和喉道的缩小及堵塞、渗透率的下降从而损害油气层的现象。
本发明的目的通过下述技术方案实现:基于对油气层盐敏性的测试方法,通过向岩心注入不同矿化度等级的盐水(按地层水的化学组成配制),并测定各矿化度下岩心对盐水的渗透率,根据渗透率随矿化度的变化来评价盐敏损害程度,找出盐敏损害发生的条件,根据实际情况,要作升高矿化度和降低矿化度两种盐敏评价实验,对于升高矿化度的盐敏评价实验,第一级盐水为地层水,将盐水按一定的浓度差逐级升高矿化度,直至找出临界矿化度Cc2或达到工作液的最高矿化度为止,对于降低矿化度的盐敏评价试验,第一级盐水仍为地层水,将盐水按一定的浓度差逐级降低矿化度,直至注入液的矿化度接近零为止,求出的临界矿化度为Cc1,矿化度Ci-1对应的渗透率Ki-1与矿化度Ci对应的渗透率Ki之间满足下述关系:
说明已发生盐敏,并且矿化度Ci-1,即为临界矿化度Cc,按此标准,在升高矿化度实验时可以确定临界矿化度Cc2,而在降低矿化度实验时可以确定临界矿化度Cc1。
综上所述,本发明的有益效果是:该方法能够对油气层的盐敏性进行准确的测试,得到准确的数值,防止由于高于地层水矿化度的工作液滤液进入油气层引起粘土的收缩、失稳、脱落及低于地层水矿化度的工作液滤液进入油气层后而引起粘土的膨胀和分散,并导致油气层孔隙空间和喉道的缩小及堵塞、渗透率的下降从而损害油气层的现象。
具体实施方式
下面结合实施例,对本发明作进一步的详细说明,但本发明的实施方式不仅限于此。
实施例:
基于对油气层盐敏性的测试方法,通过向岩心注入不同矿化度等级的盐水(按地层水的化学组成配制),并测定各矿化度下岩心对盐水的渗透率,根据渗透率随矿化度的变化来评价盐敏损害程度,找出盐敏损害发生的条件,根据实际情况,要作升高矿化度和降低矿化度两种盐敏评价实验,对于升高矿化度的盐敏评价实验,第一级盐水为地层水,将盐水按一定的浓度差逐级升高矿化度,直至找出临界矿化度Cc2或达到工作液的最高矿化度为止,对于降低矿化度的盐敏评价试验,第一级盐水仍为地层水,将盐水按一定的浓度差逐级降低矿化度,直至注入液的矿化度接近零为止,求出的临界矿化度为Cc1,矿化度Ci-1对应的渗透率Ki-1与矿化度Ci对应的渗透率Ki之间满足下述关系:
说明已发生盐敏,并且矿化度Ci-1,即为临界矿化度Cc,按此标准,在升高矿化度实验时可以确定临界矿化度Cc2,而在降低矿化度实验时可以确定临界矿化度Cc1。
该方法能够对油气层的盐敏性进行准确的测试,得到准确的数值,防止由于高于地层水矿化度的工作液滤液进入油气层引起粘土的收缩、失稳、脱落及低于地层水矿化度的工作液滤液进入油气层后而引起粘土的膨胀和分散,并导致油气层孔隙空间和喉道的缩小及堵塞、渗透率的下降从而损害油气层的现象。
以上所述,仅是本发明的较佳实施例,并非对本发明做任何形式上的限制,凡是依据本发明的技术、方法实质上对以上实施例所作的任何简单修改、等同变化,均落入本发明的保护范围之内。
Claims (1)
1.基于对油气层盐敏性的测试方法,其特征在于:通过向岩心注入不同矿化度等级的盐水(按地层水的化学组成配制),并测定各矿化度下岩心对盐水的渗透率,根据渗透率随矿化度的变化来评价盐敏损害程度,找出盐敏损害发生的条件,根据实际情况,要作升高矿化度和降低矿化度两种盐敏评价实验,对于升高矿化度的盐敏评价实验,第一级盐水为地层水,将盐水按一定的浓度差逐级升高矿化度,直至找出临界矿化度Cc2或达到工作液的最高矿化度为止,对于降低矿化度的盐敏评价试验,第一级盐水仍为地层水,将盐水按一定的浓度差逐级降低矿化度,直至注入液的矿化度接近零为止,求出的临界矿化度为Cc1,矿化度Ci-1对应的渗透率Ki-1与矿化度Ci对应的渗透率Ki之间满足下述关系:
说明已发生盐敏,并且矿化度Ci-1,即为临界矿化度Cc,按此标准,在升高矿化度实验时可以确定临界矿化度Cc2,而在降低矿化度实验时可以确定临界矿化度Cc1。
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CN111006989A (zh) * | 2019-12-31 | 2020-04-14 | 西南石油大学 | 一种页岩水相圈闭损害评价的实验参数获取方法 |
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CN111006989B (zh) * | 2019-12-31 | 2022-02-01 | 西南石油大学 | 一种页岩水相圈闭损害评价的实验参数获取方法 |
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