CN107757983B

CN107757983B - Blanking head, automatic bowl loading machine with blanking head and bowl loading method of blanking head

Info

Publication number: CN107757983B
Application number: CN201711165940.6A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 欧阳建; 梅志坤; 胡忠红; 胡茂; 黄映红
Original assignee: Hunan Gold Furnace Science & Technology Co ltd
Current assignee: Hunan Gold Furnace Science & Technology Co ltd
Priority date: 2017-11-21
Filing date: 2017-11-21
Publication date: 2023-07-04
Anticipated expiration: 2037-11-21
Also published as: CN107757983A

Abstract

The invention discloses a blanking head, an automatic bowl loading machine with the blanking head and a bowl loading method of the blanking head. The automatic bowl loading machine comprises a blanking device, a fixing device and a loading conveying line driven by a three-dimensional space displacement driving device, wherein the blanking device adopts the blanking head. The bowl loading method is to utilize the automatic bowl loading machine to enable the blanking head to extend into the sagger to synchronously perform blanking and leveling. The invention has the advantages of uniform discharge, contribution to improving the bowl loading efficiency and the bowl loading quality, and the like.

Description

Blanking head, automatic bowl loading machine with blanking head and bowl loading method of blanking head

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of powder bowl loading equipment, in particular to a blanking head, an automatic bowl loading machine with the blanking head and a bowl loading method of the automatic bowl loading machine.

Background

In the process of producing powder materials such as lithium ion battery anode materials, materials to be sintered are firstly put into a sagger, and then high-temperature sintering is carried out in a kiln. In order to ensure the consistency of the sintered material, the loading amount, the loose loading density of the material loading pot and the surface flatness of the material in the sagger are required to be accurately controlled.

The existing bowl loading equipment adopts a vibrator or a flattening mechanism to keep the surface of the materials in the sagger flat. However, for materials with loose density requirements, air among powder materials is extruded by adopting a vibrator or a flattening mechanism for flattening, the density of the materials is improved, the product quality control requirements cannot be met, and for materials with poor fluidity, the flatness requirements of the surfaces of the materials are difficult to realize by shaking uniformly. Meanwhile, the existing bowl loading machine is used for loading bowls and leveling surfaces of materials in two working procedures respectively, so that the problems of low efficiency, complex equipment structure, large occupied space, large debugging difficulty and high cost exist. In addition, for controlling the loading volume, current loading equipment adopts unloader to directly add the sagger with the material in form that drops in, weighs in order to control the loading volume through the weighing module that bears the sagger, for the precision of guaranteeing weighing, need control the unloading speed of material, and need fix the sagger in place after just can carrying out unloading and weighing, this can influence loading efficiency greatly.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to solve the technical problems of overcoming the defects in the prior art, providing a blanking head which is uniform in discharging and beneficial to improving the bowl loading efficiency and the bowl loading quality, and correspondingly providing an automatic bowl loading machine with the blanking head and a bowl loading method thereof.

In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:

the utility model provides a blanking head, includes blanking head body, blanking head body has the guide chamber and with the communicating feed inlet of guide chamber, blanking head body's one end have a plurality of with the communicating discharge gate of guide chamber, all discharge gates lie in on the same fixed plane on the blanking head body, a plurality of discharge gates around a perpendicular to fixed axis evenly spaced arrangement of fixed plane, be equipped with in the guide chamber and be used for guiding the material in the guide chamber to the guide cone of each discharge gate, the axis of guide cone with fixed axis coincidence.

The above blanking head, preferably, the material guiding cavity is a conical cavity, the axis of the conical cavity coincides with the fixed axis, and the cross section of the conical cavity gradually decreases along the direction close to the discharge hole.

In the above blanking head, preferably, the cone angle of the guiding cone is 30-40 °, and the cone angle of the conical cavity is 15-20 °.

According to the blanking head, preferably, the blanking head body is connected with the plurality of tubular parts extending outwards, the plurality of tubular parts are arranged at intervals around the fixed axis, the opening of the extending end of each tubular part is a discharge hole, the wall thickness of each tubular part is smaller than 0.2cm, and the sum of the opening areas of all the discharge holes is 10-15 cm.

In the above blanking head, preferably, the blanking head body is connected with four tubular portions.

The utility model provides an automatic dress alms bowl machine, includes the frame and is used for bearing the load transfer chain of carrying the sagger, be equipped with the fixing device who can loosen or fix the sagger on the load transfer chain, the load transfer chain is installed in the frame through a three-dimensional space displacement drive arrangement and can be driven horizontal and vertical translational motion by three-dimensional space displacement drive arrangement, install in the frame be used for with the load transfer chain input dock the feed chain and be used for with the play alms bowl transfer chain of loading transfer chain output dock, the unloader that relies on the dead weight effect of material to carry out the unloading is installed to the top of load transfer chain, the unloader has the unloading head that can stretch into in the sagger, the unloading head is foretell unloading head, each discharge gate place the fixed plane is located the lower extreme of unloading head and is parallel with the horizontal plane.

In the automatic bowl loading machine, preferably, a cover plate which covers an opening at the upper end of the sagger when the blanking head stretches into the sagger is arranged on the frame; the automatic bowl loading machine is characterized in that the loading conveying line, the three-dimensional space displacement driving device and the cover plate are arranged in a sealed box shell, the sealed box shell is provided with two inlets and outlets for the loading conveying line to be respectively in butt joint with the bowl feeding conveying line and the bowl discharging conveying line, and the automatic bowl loading machine is further provided with a dust collection assembly connected with the sealed box shell.

The automatic bowl loading machine comprises a first horizontal sliding table, a second horizontal sliding table and a lifting platform, wherein the first horizontal sliding table is slidably mounted on the frame along the horizontal direction, the second horizontal sliding table is slidably mounted on the first horizontal sliding table along the horizontal direction perpendicular to the sliding direction of the first horizontal sliding table, the lifting platform is slidably mounted on the second horizontal sliding table along the vertical direction, the first horizontal sliding table is connected with a first sliding driving mechanism, the second horizontal sliding table is connected with a second sliding driving mechanism, the lifting platform is connected with a lifting driving mechanism, and the charging conveying line is mounted on the lifting platform.

The automatic bowl loading machine is characterized in that the blanking device comprises a middle weighing hopper fixedly installed on the frame through a weighing mechanism and a material conveying device for adding materials into the middle weighing hopper, the blanking head is connected to the middle weighing hopper, a feeding hole of the blanking head is communicated with a bottom outlet of the middle weighing hopper, and an on-off control valve is further arranged at the bottom outlet of the middle weighing hopper.

The bowl loading method of the automatic bowl loading machine comprises the following steps:

(A) The three-dimensional space displacement driving device drives the loading conveying line to be in butt joint with the bowl feeding conveying line, the bowl feeding conveying line conveys empty sagger to the loading conveying line, and the sagger is fixed by the fixing device on the loading conveying line;

(B) The three-dimensional space displacement driving device drives the charging conveying line to ascend until the discharging head stretches into the sagger, and the distance between the discharging hole of the discharging head and the bottom surface of the sagger reaches a preset value;

(C) The method comprises the steps that a set amount of materials in a discharging device are filled into a sagger under the action of dead weight, and the feeding process is divided into more than one feeding process from the beginning of the filling of the materials to the completion of the filling of the materials, wherein the first feeding process is that under the condition that the vertical distance between a discharging hole and the bottom surface of the sagger is the preset value, a three-dimensional space displacement driving device drives a feeding conveying line to horizontally move relative to a blanking head along with the sagger, so that the sum of movement tracks of all the discharging holes relative to the sagger covers at least one maximum blanking coverage surface, and the maximum blanking coverage surface is the maximum area which can be covered by all the discharging holes when the blanking head horizontally moves in the sagger; after the previous loading process is finished, the three-dimensional space displacement driving device drives the loading conveying line to descend, so that the vertical distance between each discharging hole and the bottom surface of the sagger is larger than the vertical distance between the discharging hole and the bottom surface of the sagger in the previous loading process, and then the three-dimensional space displacement driving device drives the loading conveying line to move in a horizontal plane in a translational mode, so that the sum of the movement tracks of all the discharging holes relative to the sagger covers the maximum blanking coverage surface at least once, and materials are just loaded into the sagger after all the loading processes are finished;

(D) After the material is filled into the sagger, the fixing device releases the sagger, the three-dimensional space displacement driving device drives the loading conveying line to be in butt joint with the unloading conveying line, and the loading conveying line conveys the sagger filled with the material onto the unloading conveying line.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that: the blanking head can be arranged on matched material bowl loading equipment to realize synchronous material loading and leveling, after the blanking head is arranged, a fixed plane where a discharge hole is positioned is parallel to a horizontal plane and is positioned at the lower end of a blanking head body, the blanking head body is driven by the material bowl loading equipment to extend into a sagger positioned below, then the material is blanked in a dead weight blanking mode, and the blanking head body moves in the horizontal plane relative to the sagger in the blanking process, so that synchronous material loading and leveling can be realized. Because the discharge gate is located the fixed plane of the lower extreme that the stub bar body is parallel with the horizontal plane, the material height of packing into the sagger can be with the high parallel and level of discharge gate, can guarantee to transfer into the material upper surface in the sagger and be located same horizontal plane to because material loading and flattening are gone on in step, the stub bar can not form the compaction effect to the material, can not influence the loose density of material, and then guarantee follow-up sintering quality. Simultaneously, set up a plurality of discharge gates, under the condition of the same unloading speed, the open area of each discharge gate is little, because there is a certain amount of material to pile up in the discharge gate when the material finishes, and the blanking head sets up a plurality of discharge gates, and the open area of every discharge gate all reduces correspondingly, and the material that piles up in each discharge gate when the material unloading finishes piles up the volume little, and the material pile up the height and also be little, does benefit to the roughness that improves the material after the dress alms bowl. In addition, set up the guide cone in the guide chamber, when the output material especially relies on the dead weight effect output material of material, this guide cone can be even with the material water conservancy diversion to each discharge gate, can guarantee the homogeneity of each discharge gate ejection of compact, improves the planarization on material surface in the sagger after the unloading, and then improves the quality and the uniformity of follow-up sintered product, the quality management and control of being convenient for. The blanking head is particularly suitable for blanking and loading powder with poor fluidity.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic perspective view of a blanking head.

Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a front view structure of the blanking head.

Fig. 3 is a schematic top view of the blanking head.

Fig. 4 is a schematic cross-sectional structure of the blanking head.

Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of a front view of an automatic bowl loading machine.

Fig. 6 is a schematic view of a partially sectioned structure of the blanking head when charging.

Legend description:

1. a frame; 2. a charging conveyor line; 21. a fixing device; 3. a three-dimensional space displacement driving device; 31. a first horizontal slipway; 32. a second horizontal slipway; 33. a lifting platform; 34. a first slip drive mechanism; 35. a second slip drive mechanism; 36. a lifting driving mechanism; 4. a blanking device; 40. blanking heads; 400. a blanking head body; 401. a discharge port; 402. a material guiding cavity; 403. a feed inlet; 404. a material guiding cone; 405. a tubular portion; 41. a middle weighing hopper; 42. a material conveying device; 43. an on-off control valve; 5. a bowl feeding conveying line; 6. a bowl discharging conveying line; 7. a cover plate; 8. sealing the case; 81. an inlet and an outlet; 9. a dust collection assembly; 100. a sagger; 101. and a charging cavity.

Detailed Description

The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the drawings and the specific examples.

As shown in fig. 1 to 4, the blanking head of the present embodiment includes a blanking head body 400, the blanking head body 400 has a material guiding cavity 402 and a material inlet 403 communicated with the material guiding cavity 402, one end of the blanking head body 400 has a plurality of material outlet holes 401 communicated with the material guiding cavity 402 for outputting materials, all the material outlet holes 401 are located on the same fixed plane on the blanking head body 400, the plurality of material outlet holes 401 are uniformly spaced around a fixed axis perpendicular to the fixed plane, a material guiding cone 404 for guiding the materials in the material guiding cavity 402 to each material outlet hole 401 is arranged in the material guiding cavity 402, the axis of the material guiding cone 404 coincides with the fixed axis, and the cross section area of the material guiding cone 404 gradually increases along the direction close to the material outlet holes 401. The blanking head can be installed on matched material bowl loading equipment to synchronously charge and level materials, after installation, a fixed plane where a discharge hole 401 is located is parallel to a horizontal plane and is located at the lower end of a blanking head body 400, the blanking head body 400 is driven by the material bowl loading equipment to stretch into a sagger 100 located below, then the materials are blanked in a dead weight blanking mode, and in the blanking process, the blanking head body 400 moves in the horizontal plane relative to the sagger 100, so that the synchronous charging and leveling can be realized. Since the discharge hole 401 is located on the fixed plane of the lower end of the blanking head body 400 parallel to the horizontal plane, the height of the material loaded into the sagger 100 is flush with the height of the discharge hole 401, the upper surface of the material transferred into the sagger 100 can be guaranteed to be located in the same horizontal plane, and since the material loading and leveling are synchronously carried out, the blanking head 40 can not compact the material, the loose density of the material can not be influenced, and further the subsequent sintering quality is guaranteed. Meanwhile, the plurality of discharge ports 401 are arranged, under the condition of the same discharging speed, the opening area of each discharge port 401 is small, a certain amount of material is likely to be accumulated in the discharge port 401 when the material is finished, the discharging head 40 is provided with the plurality of discharge ports 401, the opening area of each discharge port 401 is correspondingly reduced, the accumulation amount of the material accumulated in each discharge port 401 is small when the material discharging is finished, the accumulation height of the material is also small, and the flatness of the material after the bowl is favorably improved. In addition, set up the guide cone 404 in the guide cavity 402, when the output material especially relies on the dead weight effect output material of material, this guide cone 404 can be even with the material water conservancy diversion to each discharge gate 401, can guarantee the homogeneity of each discharge gate 401 ejection of compact, improves the planarization on the material surface in the sagger 100 after the unloading, and then improves the quality and the uniformity of follow-up sintered product, the quality management and control of being convenient for. The blanking head is particularly suitable for blanking and loading powder with poor fluidity.

In this embodiment, the material guiding cavity 402 is a conical cavity, the axis of the conical cavity coincides with the fixed axis, and the cross section of the conical cavity gradually decreases along the direction approaching the material outlet 401. The inner wall of the material guiding cavity 402 and the surface of the material guiding cone 404 extend obliquely to the central axis of the material outlet 401, so that the material is not broken under the action of dead weight, the material discharging continuity is guaranteed, and the compaction effect of the material in the material guiding cavity 402 on the material filled in the sagger 100 can be reduced. Preferably, the taper angle of the guide cone 404 is 30-40 degrees, the taper angle of the conical cavity is 15-20 degrees, and through practical verification, the combination of the guide cone 404 and the conical cavity in the above-mentioned form can optimize the smoothness and uniformity of blanking.

In this embodiment, the blanking head body 400 is connected with a plurality of tubular portions 405 extending outwards, the plurality of tubular portions 405 are arranged at intervals around a fixed axis, an opening of an extending end of each tubular portion 405 is a discharge port 401, a wall thickness of each tubular portion 405 is smaller than 0.2cm, and a sum of opening areas of all the discharge ports 401 is 10-15 cm. The tubular part 405 is adopted, the wall thickness of the tubular part 405 is smaller than 0.2cm, when the tubular part 405 is attached to the inner wall of the sagger 100, the distance between the edge of the discharge hole 401 and the inner wall of the sagger 100 is the wall thickness of the tubular part 405 (smaller than 0.2 cm), and under the interval range, the material flowing out of the discharge hole 401 can well fill the area between the edge of the discharge hole 401 and the inner wall of the sagger 100, so that the height of the material in the area is basically consistent with the height of the discharge hole 401, the occurrence of too deep sinking in the area is avoided, and the overall flatness of the material surface in the sagger 100 after the sagger is filled can be improved.

In this embodiment, the blanking head body 400 is connected with four tubular portions 405, that is, four discharge ports 401 are provided, the flow effect of the materials during blanking under the action of dead weight is optimal through the number of discharge ports 401, and the four tubular portions 405 are uniformly arranged at intervals around the fixed axis to be suitable for rectangular sagger 100 better, so that the discharge ports 401 can cover the sagger 100 better. Preferably, each tubular portion 405 is a circular tube, and the straight distance from the central axis of each discharge port 401 to the fixed axis is equal to the diameter of the discharge port 401, so that the four discharge ports 401 can cover the sagger 100.

As shown in fig. 5 and 6, an automatic bowl loading machine comprises a frame 1 and a loading conveyor line 2 for carrying and conveying a sagger 100, wherein a fixing device 21 capable of loosening or fixing the sagger 100 is arranged on the loading conveyor line 2, the loading conveyor line 2 is arranged on the frame 1 through a three-dimensional space displacement driving device 3, the three-dimensional space displacement driving device 3 can drive the loading conveyor line 2 to horizontally and vertically move in a translation mode, a bowl feeding conveyor line 5 for being in butt joint with the input end of the loading conveyor line 2 and a bowl discharging conveyor line 6 for being in butt joint with the output end of the loading conveyor line 2 are arranged on the frame 1 above the loading conveyor line 2, a discharging device 4 for discharging under the action of the dead weight of materials is arranged on the frame 1 above the loading conveyor line 2, the discharging device 4 is provided with a discharging head 40 capable of extending into the sagger 100, the discharging head 40 is provided with the discharging heads described in the embodiment, and the fixing plane where each discharging port 401 is located at the lower end of the discharging head 40 and is parallel to the horizontal plane.

When the automatic bowl loading machine works, empty sagger 100 can be conveyed to the loading conveying line 2 by the bowl feeding conveying line 5, after the sagger 100 is fixed by the fixing device 21, the loading conveying line 2 and the sagger 100 on the sagger 100 are driven to rise to a preset height by the three-dimensional space displacement driving device 3, then materials in the discharging device 4 fall into the sagger 100 under the action of dead weight, and the sagger 100 is driven to move horizontally in a horizontal plane in a matching manner relative to the discharging head 40 in the discharging process, so that the materials can be synchronously loaded and leveled. Since all the discharge ports 401 are positioned on the horizontal lower end surface of the blanking head 40, and the materials fall and are blanked under the action of dead weight, the height of the materials loaded into the sagger 100 is flush with the height of the discharge ports 401, the upper surfaces of the materials transferred into the sagger 100 can be ensured to be positioned in the same horizontal plane, and since the material loading and leveling are synchronously carried out, the blanking head 40 can not compact the materials, the loose density of the materials can not be influenced, and further the subsequent sintering quality is ensured. The automatic bowl loading machine can automatically complete bowl loading and leveling of materials at the same station, and has the advantages of simple and compact structure, high bowl loading efficiency, low running cost and good bowl loading quality. In addition, the automatic bowl loading machine is provided with the three-dimensional space displacement driving device 3 serving as a moving mechanism below the blanking device 4, so that sundries can be prevented from falling into the sagger 100 due to abrasion and other reasons of moving parts.

In this embodiment, the cover plate 7 is installed on the frame 1, and the cover plate 7 covers the opening at the upper end of the sagger 100 when the blanking head 40 extends into the sagger 100, so that dust dissipation can be reduced, and pollution to the environment and waste of materials are reduced. Preferably, the vertical distance between the cover plate 7 and the discharge hole 401 is smaller than or equal to the depth of the loading cavity 101 of the sagger 100, so that the discharge hole 401 of the blanking head 40 can be used for blanking at different heights in the sagger 100, and dust can be prevented from escaping maximally. The feeding conveying line 2, the three-dimensional space displacement driving device 3 and the cover plate 7 are arranged in a sealed box shell 8, the sealed box shell 8 is provided with two inlets and outlets 81 for the feeding conveying line 2 to be respectively in butt joint with the feeding conveying line 5 and the discharging conveying line 6, meanwhile, the automatic bowl loading machine is also provided with a dust collection assembly 9 connected with the sealed box shell 8, dust in the sealed box shell 8 is sucked out through the dust collection assembly 9, and therefore, the dust can be better prevented from being dissipated to the external environment, and the pollution to the environment is avoided. The dust collection assembly 9 may be of conventional type.

In this embodiment, the three-dimensional space displacement driving device 3 includes a first horizontal sliding table 31 slidably mounted on the frame 1 in a horizontal direction, a second horizontal sliding table 32 slidably mounted on the first horizontal sliding table 31 in a horizontal direction perpendicular to the sliding direction of the first horizontal sliding table 31, and a lifting platform 33 slidably mounted on the second horizontal sliding table 32 in a vertical direction, the first horizontal sliding table 31 is connected with a first slide driving mechanism 34, the second horizontal sliding table 32 is connected with a second slide driving mechanism 35, the lifting platform 33 is connected with a lifting driving mechanism 36, and the charging conveyor line 2 is mounted on the lifting platform 33. The first horizontal sliding table 31, the second horizontal sliding table 32 and the lifting platform 33 are driven to correspondingly move, so that the horizontal and vertical translational movement of the charging conveying line 2 can be realized, and further, the sagger 100 can be driven to move to different heights and can move in the horizontal planes with different heights in a translational manner. The three-dimensional space displacement driving device 3 has the advantages of simple structure, convenient manufacture and maintenance and easy control. Preferably, the first sliding driving mechanism 34, the second sliding driving mechanism 35 and the lifting driving mechanism 36 are all combinations of rotary driving pieces and screw rod mechanisms, so that the precision and stability are good, the blanking precision can be ensured, and the bowl loading quality is improved.

In this embodiment, the discharging device 4 includes a middle weighing hopper 41 fixedly installed on the frame 1 through a weighing mechanism, and a material conveying device 42 for adding material into the middle weighing hopper 41, the discharging head 40 is connected to the middle weighing hopper 41, and a feeding port 403 of the discharging head 40 is communicated with a bottom outlet of the middle weighing hopper 41, and the bottom outlet of the middle weighing hopper 41 is further provided with an on-off control valve 43. The blanking device 4 can weigh materials in advance in the time period of sending out and sending in the sagger 100 to the loading conveyor line 2, and then load the weighed materials into the sagger 100 once during blanking, thereby being beneficial to improving the material weighing precision and the compactness of working procedures, and further improving the sagger loading quality and the sagger loading efficiency.

In this embodiment, the bowl feeding conveyor line 5, the loading conveyor line 2 and the bowl discharging conveyor line 6 are roller type conveyor mechanisms, each including a plurality of conveyor rollers installed at intervals in sequence along the conveying direction and a driving mechanism for driving the conveyor rollers to rotate. The fixing device 21 comprises two clamping jaws which are arranged on the charging conveying line 2 and can clamp the sagger 100 in a relative movement or release the sagger 100 in a reverse movement, and a lifting mechanism for driving the two clamping jaws to move up and down, wherein the clamping jaws can adopt the existing pneumatic clamping jaws. The lifting mechanism drives the two clamping jaws to ascend, and then the two clamping jaws relatively move to clamp and fix the sagger 100; the two clamping jaws move away from the sagger 100 in opposite directions, and then the lifting mechanism drives the two clamping jaws to descend, so that the sagger 100 can be loosened. In other embodiments, the bowl inlet conveyor line 5, the loading conveyor line 2, and the bowl outlet conveyor line 6 can also employ other forms of conveyor mechanisms, such as belt conveyor mechanisms. The fixture 21 may also take the form of other means of releasably or fixedly securing the sagger 100.

(A) The three-dimensional space displacement driving device 3 drives the loading conveyor line 2 to be in butt joint with the bowl feeding conveyor line 5, the bowl feeding conveyor line 5 conveys empty sagger 100 onto the loading conveyor line 2, and the sagger 100 is fixed by the fixing device 21 on the loading conveyor line 2;

(B) The three-dimensional space displacement driving device 3 drives the charging conveying line 2 to ascend until the blanking head 40 stretches into the sagger 100, and the distance between the discharging hole 401 of the blanking head 40 and the bottom surface of the sagger 100 reaches a preset value;

(C) The method comprises the steps that a set amount of materials in a blanking device 4 are loaded into a sagger 100 under the action of dead weight, and the loading process is divided into more than two loading processes from the beginning of loading the materials to the completion of loading the materials, wherein the first loading process is that under the condition that the vertical distance between a discharge hole 401 and the bottom surface of the sagger 100 is a preset value, a three-dimensional space displacement driving device 3 drives a loading conveying line 2 to horizontally move relative to a blanking head 40 along with the sagger 100, the sum of the movement tracks of all the discharge holes 401 relative to the sagger 100 covers at least one maximum blanking coverage, and the maximum blanking coverage is the maximum area which can be covered by the movement tracks of all the discharge holes 401 when the blanking head 40 horizontally moves in the sagger 100; after the previous loading process is finished, the three-dimensional space displacement driving device 3 drives the loading conveyor line 2 to descend, so that the vertical distance between each discharge hole 401 and the bottom surface of the sagger 100 is larger than the vertical distance between the discharge hole 401 and the bottom surface of the sagger 100 in the previous loading process, and then the three-dimensional space displacement driving device 3 drives the loading conveyor line 2 to move in a translational manner in the horizontal plane, so that the sum of the movement tracks of all the discharge holes 401 relative to the sagger 100 at least covers the largest unloading coverage surface once, namely, the next loading process is to reload a layer of material above the material loaded in the previous loading process until all the materials are loaded into the sagger 100 just after the loading process is finished;

(D) After the material is filled into the bowl, the fixing device 21 releases the sagger 100, the three-dimensional space displacement driving device 3 drives the loading conveying line 2 to be in butt joint with the bowl discharging conveying line 6, and the loading conveying line 2 conveys the sagger 100 filled with the material onto the bowl discharging conveying line 6 and is output by the bowl discharging conveying line 6 or conveyed to the next station.

The bowl loading method can realize synchronous material loading and leveling, can ensure that the upper surfaces of materials transferred into the sagger 100 are positioned in the same horizontal plane, can not form compaction effect on the materials, can not influence the loose packing density of the materials, and further ensures the subsequent sintering quality. Meanwhile, the material loading process from the beginning of loading the material to the completion of the material loading is sequentially divided into more than two loading processes, namely, the material is loaded into the sagger 100 layer by layer in multiple layers, so that when the material is loaded in the next loading process, the material can be supplemented to the concave area between the edge of the discharge hole 401 and the inner wall of the sagger 100 generated in the previous loading process, the depth of the concave area close to the inner wall of the sagger 100 is greatly reduced after the loading is finally completed, and the overall flatness of the surface of the material in the sagger 100 after the loading is further improved. The bowl loading method has the advantages of simple steps, easy control and high bowl loading efficiency. In other embodiments, the loading from the beginning of the material to the completion of the material loading may also be only one loading process.

The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and the scope of the present invention is not limited to the above examples. Modifications and variations which would be obvious to those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the invention are also considered to be within the scope of the invention.

Claims

1. A bowl loading method of an automatic bowl loading machine is characterized in that: the automatic bowl loading machine comprises a frame (1) and a loading conveying line (2) for bearing and conveying a sagger (100), wherein a fixing device (21) capable of loosening or fixing the sagger (100) is arranged on the loading conveying line (2), the loading conveying line (2) is arranged on the frame (1) through a three-dimensional space displacement driving device (3) and can be driven to horizontally and vertically move in a translation mode through the three-dimensional space displacement driving device (3), a bowl feeding conveying line (5) for being in butt joint with the input end of the loading conveying line (2) and a bowl discharging conveying line (6) for being in butt joint with the output end of the loading conveying line (2) are arranged on the frame (1), a discharging device (4) for discharging by means of the dead weight of materials is arranged above the loading conveying line (2), and the discharging device (4) is provided with a discharging head (40) capable of extending into the sagger (100);

the blanking head comprises a blanking head body (400), the blanking head body (400) is provided with a material guiding cavity (402) and a feeding hole (403) communicated with the material guiding cavity (402), one end of the blanking head body (400) is provided with a plurality of discharging holes (401) communicated with the material guiding cavity (402), all the discharging holes (401) are positioned on the same fixed plane on the blanking head body (400), the plurality of discharging holes (401) are uniformly arranged at intervals around a fixed axis perpendicular to the fixed plane, a material guiding cone (404) for guiding materials in the material guiding cavity (402) to each discharging hole (401) is arranged in the material guiding cavity (402), and the axis of the material guiding cone (404) coincides with the fixed axis;

the fixed plane where each discharge hole (401) is positioned at the lower end of the blanking head (40) and is parallel to the horizontal plane;

the bowl loading method comprises the following steps:

(A) The three-dimensional space displacement driving device (3) drives the loading conveying line (2) to be in butt joint with the bowl feeding conveying line (5), the bowl feeding conveying line (5) conveys empty sagger (100) to the loading conveying line (2), and the sagger (100) is fixed by the fixing device (21) on the loading conveying line (2);

(B) The three-dimensional space displacement driving device (3) drives the charging conveying line (2) to move upwards to enable the discharging head (40) to extend into the sagger (100), and the distance between the discharging hole (401) of the discharging head (40) and the bottom surface of the sagger (100) reaches a preset value;

(C) The method comprises the steps that a set amount of materials in a discharging device (4) are filled into a sagger (100) under the action of dead weight, and the materials are sequentially divided into more than one charging process from the beginning of filling to the completion of filling, wherein the first charging process is that under the condition that the vertical distance between a discharging hole (401) and the bottom surface of the sagger (100) is the preset value, a three-dimensional space displacement driving device (3) drives a charging conveying line (2) to horizontally move relative to a blanking head (40) with the sagger (100), so that the sum of the movement tracks of all the discharging holes (401) relative to the sagger (100) covers the maximum blanking coverage at least once, and the maximum blanking coverage is the maximum area which can be covered by all the discharging holes (401) when the blanking head (40) horizontally moves in the sagger (100); each subsequent loading process is that after the previous loading process is completed, the three-dimensional space displacement driving device (3) is used for driving the loading conveying line (2) to descend, so that the vertical distance between each discharging hole (401) and the bottom surface of the sagger (100) is larger than the vertical distance between the discharging hole (401) and the bottom surface of the sagger (100) in the previous loading process, and then the three-dimensional space displacement driving device (3) is used for driving the loading conveying line (2) to move in a translational manner in a horizontal plane, so that the maximum blanking coverage surface is covered at least once by the sum of the movement tracks of all the discharging holes (401) relative to the sagger (100) until all the materials are loaded into the sagger (100) just after the loading process is completed;

(D) After the material bowl is filled, the fixing device (21) loosens the sagger (100), the three-dimensional space displacement driving device (3) drives the charging conveying line (2) to be in butt joint with the bowl discharging conveying line (6), and the charging conveying line (2) conveys the sagger (100) filled with the material to the bowl discharging conveying line (6).

2. The bowl loading method of the automatic bowl loading machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: the material guiding cavity (402) is a conical cavity, the axis of the conical cavity coincides with the fixed axis, and the cross section of the conical cavity gradually decreases along the direction close to the material outlet (401).

3. The bowl loading method of the automatic bowl loading machine according to claim 2, characterized in that: the cone angle of the guide cone (404) is 30-40 degrees, and the cone angle of the conical cavity is 15-20 degrees.

4. The bowl loading method of the automatic bowl loading machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: the blanking head body (400) is connected with a plurality of outwards extending tubular parts (405), the tubular parts (405) are arranged at intervals around the fixed axis, an extending end opening of each tubular part (405) is a discharge hole (401), the wall thickness of each tubular part (405) is smaller than 0.2cm, and the sum of opening areas of all the discharge holes (401) is 10-15 cm.

5. The method for loading bowls of an automatic bowl loading machine in accordance with claim 4 wherein: the blanking head body (400) is connected with four tubular parts (405) in total.

6. The bowl loading method of the automatic bowl loading machine according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: a cover plate (7) which covers the upper end opening of the sagger (100) when the blanking head (40) stretches into the sagger (100) is arranged on the frame (1); the automatic bowl loading machine is characterized in that the loading conveying line (2), the three-dimensional space displacement driving device (3) and the cover plate (7) are installed in a sealed box shell (8), the sealed box shell (8) is provided with two inlets and outlets (81) for the loading conveying line (2) to be respectively in butt joint with the bowl feeding conveying line (5) and the bowl discharging conveying line (6), and the automatic bowl loading machine is further provided with a dust collection assembly (9) connected with the sealed box shell (8).

7. The bowl loading method of the automatic bowl loading machine according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: the three-dimensional space displacement driving device (3) comprises a first horizontal sliding table (31) which is slidably mounted on the frame (1) along the horizontal direction, a second horizontal sliding table (32) which is slidably mounted on the first horizontal sliding table (31) along the horizontal direction perpendicular to the sliding direction of the first horizontal sliding table (31), and a lifting platform (33) which is slidably mounted on the second horizontal sliding table (32) along the vertical direction, wherein the first horizontal sliding table (31) is connected with a first sliding driving mechanism (34), the second horizontal sliding table (32) is connected with a second sliding driving mechanism (35), the lifting platform (33) is connected with a lifting driving mechanism (36), and the charging conveying line (2) is mounted on the lifting platform (33).

8. The bowl loading method of the automatic bowl loading machine according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: the blanking device (4) comprises a middle weighing hopper (41) fixedly installed on the frame (1) through a weighing mechanism and a material conveying device (42) for adding materials into the middle weighing hopper (41), the blanking head (40) is connected to the middle weighing hopper (41), a feeding hole (403) of the blanking head (40) is communicated with a bottom outlet of the middle weighing hopper (41), and an on-off control valve (43) is further arranged at the bottom outlet of the middle weighing hopper (41).