CN107751114A - 一种利用污泥育肥基质育肥蚯蚓的方法 - Google Patents
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Abstract
一种利用污泥育肥基质育肥蚯蚓的方法,将碎草或农作物秸秆、污泥、炒熟豆饼作为育肥基质原料,均匀搅拌,得到育肥基质;将糖精和柠檬酸加水,配制成蚯蚓育肥基液;用育肥基质做养殖床,喷水使育肥基质中含水质量为60%‑70%;将成体蚯蚓按4kg/m2‑6kg/m2的密度直接投放养殖床内育肥,育肥期间每2天‑4天翻床,使育肥基质松散,并喷洒蚯蚓育肥基液,育肥15天‑20天,将蚯蚓粪与蚯蚓分离以分别利用。优点是:利用污泥、碎草和豆饼为育肥基质,利用高营养的育肥养殖方式,使育肥饲料对成熟蚯蚓短时间的快速的育肥,达到急速增重增大。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于蚯蚓养殖技术领域,尤其涉及一种利用污泥育肥基质育肥蚯蚓的方法。
背景技术
蚯蚓可以使土壤疏松、改良土壤、提高肥力促进农业增产。它是一种陆生环节动物生活,在土壤中昼伏夜出,以畜禽粪便和有机废物垃圾为食连同泥土一同吞入也摄食植物的茎叶等碎片。蚯蚓含有丰富的蛋白质,可以入药,具有解热、镇挛、降压、利尿和通经络的作用。
目前,蚯蚓的养殖时使用家畜粪便,由于饲料的单一,适口性差,有机质含量低,导致蚯蚓长成熟后存在个体瘦小,产出不高的问题,不能满足市场需求。
发明内容
本发明要解决的技术问题是提供一种利用污泥育肥基质育肥蚯蚓的方法,利用污泥、碎草和豆饼为育肥基质,利用高营养的育肥养殖方式,使育肥饲料对成熟蚯蚓短时间的快速的育肥,达到急速增重增大。
本发明的技术解决方案是:
一种利用污泥育肥基质育肥蚯蚓的方法,其具体步骤如下:
(1)、育肥基质的制备
将豆饼炒熟作为育肥基质原料,按照重量百分含量,将污泥70%-80%,碎草或农作物秸秆15%-18%和豆饼5%-12%,均匀搅拌,得到育肥基质;碎草和农作物秸秆可以增加碳源含量和通透性;
(2)、蚯蚓育肥基液的制备
按照重量百分含量,将糖精0.05%-0.1%和柠檬酸0.02%-0.1%加水,配制成蚯蚓育肥基液;
(3)、做养殖床
用育肥基质做养殖床,宽度为0.8米-1.3米,高度为0.1米-0.2米,长度不限,喷水使育肥基质中含水质量为60%-70%;
(4)、放成体蚯蚓
将成体蚯蚓按4kg/m2-6kg/m2的密度直接投放养殖床内育肥,育肥时间为15天-20天,育肥期间每2天-4天翻床,使育肥基质松散,并按0.1kg/m2-0.3kg/m2喷洒蚯蚓育肥基液,直到育肥基质无臭味和无异味,并且变松软,颜色变暗褐色时,蚯蚓粪就产出了,将蚯蚓粪与蚯蚓分离以分别利用。
进一步的,所述污泥中的有机质质量含量为30%-50%。
进一步的,所述养殖床的长度为50米-60米。
进一步的,所述成体蚯蚓为以动物粪便为饲料饲养的蚯蚓。
本发明的有益效果:
利用高营养育肥养殖方式和育肥饲料对成熟蚯蚓短时间的快速的育肥,达到急速增重增大。将成熟蚯蚓直接放入污泥育肥基质中,直接育肥15天-20天,使得蚯蚓在短时间内增重50%-90%,达到的增肥增大的目的,解决了蚯蚓个体体积小无法满足市场要求的问题。
具体实施方式
实施例1
(1)育肥蚯蚓的选择
以牛粪养殖蚯蚓2个月,蚯蚓采收,净体增重至200kg,活体备用。
(2)育肥基质的制备
以米淀粉加工厂的污水污泥作为育肥基质的新鲜污泥,其有机质为50%,按重量百分含量,将新鲜污泥80%,水稻秸秆15%,豆饼5%(豆饼为炒熟的),均匀搅拌备用;
(3)蚯蚓育肥基液的制备
将糖精6g,柠檬酸8g,加水定容至10L,配制成蚯蚓育肥基液,备用;糖精调节育肥基质的适口性和热量;柠檬酸调节育肥基质的适口性,加大蚯蚓的采食量;
(4)育肥做床
用育肥基质做床,宽度为0.8米,高度为0.2米,长50米,喷足水份使蚯蚓饲料中含水量为70wt%;
(5)放成体蚯蚓
将成体蚯蚓5kg/m2的密度直接投放床内育肥,每2天翻床松散,并喷0.15kg/㎡蚯蚓育肥基液,育肥15天,育肥基质无臭味异味,变松软,颜色为褐色,变为细小颗粒的蚯蚓粪。
育肥效果:利用实施例1的育肥基质和育肥方法进行育肥蚯蚓后,用避光法采收蚯蚓,增重至352kg,蚯蚓个体明显增大,蚯蚓活力明显增加。
实施例2
(1)育肥蚯蚓的选择
以牛粪养殖蚯蚓2个月,蚯蚓采收,净体增重至200kg,活体备用。
(2)育肥基质的制备
以米淀粉加工厂的污水污泥作为育肥基质的新鲜污泥,其有机质为50%,按重量百分含量,将新鲜污泥70%,碎草18%,豆饼12%(豆饼为炒熟的),均匀搅拌备用;
(3)蚯蚓育肥基液的制备
将糖精5g,柠檬酸10g,加水定容至10L,配制成糖精浓度为0.05%、柠檬酸为0.1%蚯蚓育肥基液,备用;
(4)育肥做床
用育肥基质做床,宽度为0.8米,高度为0.2米,长41.7米,喷足水份使蚯蚓饲料中含水量为70wt%;
(5)放成体蚯蚓
将成体蚯蚓6kg/m2的密度直接投放床内育肥,每4天翻床松散,并喷0.1kg/㎡蚯蚓育肥基液,育肥20天,育肥基质无臭味异味,变松软,颜色为褐色,变为细小颗粒的蚯蚓粪。
育肥效果:利用实施例1的育肥基质和育肥方法进行育肥蚯蚓后,用避光法采收蚯蚓,增重至352kg,蚯蚓个体明显增大,蚯蚓活力明显增加。
实施例3
(1)育肥蚯蚓的选择
以牛粪养殖蚯蚓2个月,蚯蚓采收,净体增重至200kg,活体备用。
(2)育肥基质的制备
以米淀粉加工厂的污水污泥作为育肥基质的新鲜污泥,其有机质为50%,按重量百分含量,将新鲜污泥75%,玉米秸秆16%,豆饼9%(豆饼为炒熟的),均匀搅拌备用;
(3)蚯蚓育肥基液的制备
将糖精6g,柠檬酸8g,加水定容至10L,配制成蚯蚓育肥基液,备用;
(4)育肥做床
用育肥基质做床,宽度为0.8米,高度为0.2米,长62.5米,喷足水份使蚯蚓饲料中含水量为70wt%;
(5)放成体蚯蚓
将成体蚯蚓5kg/m2的密度直接投放床内育肥,每3天翻床松散,并喷0.3kg/㎡蚯蚓育肥基液,育肥18天,育肥基质无臭味异味,变松软,颜色为褐色,变为细小颗粒的蚯蚓粪。
育肥效果:利用实施例2的育肥基质和育肥方法进行育肥蚯蚓后,用避光法采收蚯蚓,增重至380kg,蚯蚓个体明显增大,蚯蚓活力明显增加。
常规蚯蚓长成熟后就无增重了,此方法短时间内快速育肥,增产1.5倍到1.9倍。
以上仅为本发明的具体实施例而已,并不用于限制本发明,对于本领域的技术人员来说,本发明可以有各种更改和变化。凡在本发明的精神和原则之内,所作的任何修改、等同替换、改进等,均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。
Claims (4)
1.一种利用污泥育肥基质育肥蚯蚓的方法,其特征是:
具体步骤如下:
(1)、育肥基质的制备
将豆饼炒熟作为育肥基质原料,按照重量百分含量,将污泥70%-80%,碎草或农作物秸秆15%-18%和豆饼5%-12%,均匀搅拌,得到育肥基质;
(2)、蚯蚓育肥基液的制备
按照重量百分含量,将糖精0.05%-0.1%和柠檬酸0.02%-0.1%加水,配制成蚯蚓育肥基液;
(3)、做养殖床
用育肥基质做养殖床,宽度为0.8米-1.3米,高度为0.1米-0.2米,长度不限,喷水使育肥基质中含水质量为60%-70%;
(4)、放成体蚯蚓
将成体蚯蚓按4kg/m2-6kg/m2的密度直接投放养殖床内育肥,育肥时间为15天-20天,育肥期间每2天-4天翻床,使育肥基质松散,并按0.1kg/m2-0.3kg/m2喷洒蚯蚓育肥基液,直到育肥基质无臭味和无异味,并且变松软,蚯蚓粪就产出了,将蚯蚓粪与蚯蚓分离以分别利用。
2.根据权利要求1所述的利用污泥育肥基质育肥蚯蚓的方法,其特征是:所述污泥中的有机质质量含量为30%-50%。
3.根据权利要求1所述的利用污泥育肥基质育肥蚯蚓的方法,其特征是:所述养殖床的长度为50米-60米。
4.根据权利要求1所述的利用污泥育肥基质育肥蚯蚓的方法,其特征是:所述成体蚯蚓为以动物粪便为饲料饲养的蚯蚓。
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