CN107750447A - orthogonal training field sequence - Google Patents

Abstract

The each side of the disclosure is provided for carrying out the technology of Phase Tracking using with some parts of frame lasted using relatively long symbol in wireless communications.

Description

Orthogonal training field sequence

According to 35U.S.C. § 119 priority request

Open field

The U. S. application No.15/182 submitted this application claims on June 14th, 2016,554 priority, the U. S. application It is required that (the attorney of U.S. Provisional Patent Application Serial No. 62/180,030 that on June 15th, 2015 submits 154012USL), (attorney of U.S. Provisional Patent Application Serial No. 62/188,331 that on July 2nd, 2015 submits 154012USL02) and (attorney of U.S. Provisional Patent Application Serial No. 62/190,245 submitted on July 8th, 2015 Reel number 154012USL03) rights and interests, these application in each application be transferred to present assignee and by helping Draw and clearly include in this.

Background

Open field

Some aspects of the disclosure relate generally to radio communication, and more particularly to as the symbol of training field lasts increasing Long Phase Tracking.

Description of Related Art

Cordless communication network is widely deployed to provide various communication services, such as voice, video, grouped data, message Sending and receiving, broadcast etc..These wireless networks can support the multiple access of multiple users by sharing available Internet resources Network.The example of such multi-access network includes CDMA (CDMA) network, time division multiple acess (TDMA) network, frequency division multiple access (FDMA) network, orthogonal FDMA (OFDMA) networks and Single Carrier Frequency Division Multiple Access (SC-FDMA) network.

In order to solve the expectation to bigger covering and increased communication range, various schemes are just being developed.A kind of such side Case is (for example, in U.S. just by the sub- 1GHz frequency ranges of institute of electrical and electronic engineers (IEEE) 802.11ah task groups exploitation State is operated in 902-928MHz scopes).This exploitation is by it is expected using with than the frequency with other technologies of IEEE 802.11 The bigger radio range of the associated radio range of rate scope and with it is potential it is less caused by obstruction with path loss phase The frequency range of the problem of association drives.

General introduction

The system of the disclosure, method and apparatus each have some aspects, wherein not only being born by any single aspect Blame its desired properties., now will briefly in the case where not limiting the scope of the present disclosure as expressed in the appended claims Some features are discussed.After considering this discussion, and especially after the chapters and sections of entitled " detailed description " are read, it will be understood that this It is disclosed to be characterized in how providing the advantages of being communicated including the improvement in wireless network.

The each side of the disclosure provides a kind of device for wireless communications.The device generally comprises：Processing system, should Processing system is configured to frame of the generation with one or more training fields, and having in the one or more training fields will be through By one or more frequency modulations come the pilot frequency code element that transmits；And for exporting interface of the frame for transmission.

The each side of the disclosure provides a kind of device for wireless communications.The device generally comprises：For being had There is the interface of the frame of one or more training fields, have in the one or more training fields and uploaded in one or more frequency modulations The pilot frequency code element sent；And processing system, the processing system are configured to perform channel estimation based on training field for the frame And Phase Tracking is performed based on pilot frequency code element.

The each side of the disclosure provides a kind of device for wireless communications.The device generally comprises：Processing system, should Processing system is configured to frame of the generation with multiple orthogonal training field sequences, and each orthogonal training field sequence is assigned to Different spatial flows；And for export the frame using as single user (SU) transmission, downlink multiuser (MU) multi input it is more The interface that output (MIMO) transmission or OFDM (OFDMA) transmit to transmit.

The each side of the disclosure provides a kind of device for wireless communications.The device generally comprises：For being had There is the interface of the frame of multiple orthogonal training field sequences, each orthogonal training field sequence is assigned to different spatial flows, should Frame is more as single user (SU) transmission, downlink multiuser (MU) multiple-input and multiple-output (MIMO) transmission or orthogonal frequency Transmit to obtain in location (OFDMA)；And processing system, the processing system are configured to based on training field sequence come for the frame Perform channel estimation and Phase Tracking is performed based on pilot frequency code element.

The each side of the disclosure additionally provides the various methods for being able to carry out the above and operation described herein, other dresses Put and computer-readable medium.

To address related purpose before reaching, the one or more aspect, which is included in, to be hereinafter fully described and in appended power The feature that profit particularly points out in requiring.Some illustratives that the following description and drawings illustrate the one or more aspect are special Sign.But these features are only several in the various modes for indicate the principle that can use various aspects, and originally retouch State and be intended to all such aspects and its equivalents.

Brief description

Fig. 1 illustrates the diagram of the exemplary wireless communication network of some aspects according to the disclosure.

Fig. 2 illustrates the exemplary access points of some aspects and the block diagram of user terminal according to the disclosure.

Fig. 3 illustrates the block diagram of the exemplary wireless device of some aspects according to the disclosure.

Fig. 4 illustrates the example frame structure with long training field (LTF) of some aspects according to the disclosure.

Fig. 5 illustrates the frame of the exemplary operations that radio communication is carried out by sender's device of some aspects according to the disclosure Figure.

Fig. 5 A illustrate the exemplary device for being able to carry out the operation shown in Fig. 5.

Fig. 6 illustrates the frame of the exemplary operations that radio communication is carried out by recipient's device of some aspects according to the disclosure Figure.

Fig. 6 A illustrate the exemplary device for being able to carry out the operation shown in Fig. 6.

Fig. 7 illustrates the frame of the exemplary operations that radio communication is carried out by sender's device of some aspects according to the disclosure Figure.

Fig. 7 A illustrate the exemplary device for being able to carry out the operation shown in Fig. 7.

Fig. 8 illustrates the frame of the exemplary operations that radio communication is carried out by recipient's device of some aspects according to the disclosure Figure.

Fig. 8 A illustrate the exemplary device for being able to carry out the operation shown in Fig. 8.

Fig. 9 illustrates the absolute frequency modulation structure of example according to each side of the disclosure.

The example that Figure 10-12 illustrates Fig. 9 of each side according to the disclosure absolute frequency modulation structure is marked and drawed.

Figure 13 illustrates general introduction on the channel width explained in Figure 10-12 and the pilot tone of the various combination of RU sizes The table of index.

Figure 14 illustrates the absolute frequency modulation structure of example according to each side of the disclosure.

The example that Figure 15-17 illustrates Fig. 9 of each side according to the disclosure absolute frequency modulation structure is marked and drawed.

Figure 18-20 illustrates the example frequency modulation index position in the resource unit according to each side of the disclosure.

In order to promote to understand, may in place of used identical reference to specify shared identical of each accompanying drawing will Element.Contemplating the key element disclosed in one embodiment can be used advantageously in other embodiment without specific citation.

It is described in detail

The each side of the disclosure relates generally to radio communication, and relates more specifically to can be used for tracking to utilize extended code Member lasts the phase of the packet radio of (for example, 2x and/or 4x symbols are lasted) and/or the technology of carrier frequency shift (CFO).This Which frequency modulation is a little technologies can assist in and be allocated for LTF (such as 2x and 4x high efficiency that transmission is lasted using extension symbol (HE) LTF) in pilot signal.The distribution can be defined by the things of commonly known as " frequency modulation mapping ", be somebody's turn to do " frequency modulation mapping " Indicate the number and location that be used to transmit the frequency modulation of pilot signal.

The various aspects of the disclosure are described more fully with referring to the drawings.However, the disclosure can use many multi-forms To implement and should not be construed as to be defined to any concrete structure or the function that the disclosure provides in the whole text.Conversely, there is provided these Aspect be in order that the disclosure will be thorough and complete, and it will pass on the disclosure completely to those skilled in the art Scope.Based on teaching herein, those skilled in the art it is to be appreciated that the scope of the present disclosure be intended to cover it is presently disclosed Any aspect of the disclosure, no matter it is mutually independently to realize with any other aspect of the disclosure or realize in combination. For example, it any number of the aspects set forth herein can be used to carry out realization device or put into practice method.In addition, the scope of the present disclosure purport Covering use as the supplement of the various aspects of the disclosure set forth herein or other other structures, feature, Or structure and feature are come the such device or method put into practice.It should be appreciated that any side of the disclosure presently disclosed Face can usually be implemented by the one or more member of claim.

Wording " exemplary " is used herein to mean that " being used as example, example or explanation ".Here depicted as " example Property " any aspect be not necessarily to be construed as advantageous over or surpass other aspect.

While characterized as particular aspects, but the various variants and displacement in terms of these fall the scope of the present disclosure it It is interior.Although refer to some benefits and advantage of preferred aspect, the scope of the present disclosure be not intended to be limited to particular benefits, Purposes or target.Specifically, each side of the disclosure is intended to broadly be applied to different wireless technologys, system configuration, net Network and host-host protocol, some of them by example in accompanying drawing and below to the description of preferred aspect in explain.It is described in detail and attached Figure only explains the disclosure and the non-limiting disclosure, the scope of the present disclosure are determined by appended claims and its equivalent arrangements Justice.

Each technology described herein can be used for various system of broadband wireless communication, including logical based on orthogonal multiplexing schemes Letter system.It is more that the example of such communication system includes space division multiple access (SDMA) system, time division multiple acess (TDMA) system, orthogonal frequency Location (OFDMA) system and single-carrier frequency division multiple access (SC-FDMA) system.SDMA systems can using fully different direction come Transmission belongs to the data of multiple user terminals simultaneously.TDMA system can by the way that transmission signal is divided in different time-gap, it is each Time slot is assigned to different user terminals to allow multiple user terminals to share identical frequency channels.OFDMA system utilizes OFDM (OFDM), this is a kind of modulation technique by whole system bandwidth partition into multiple quadrature subcarriers.These Subcarrier can also be referred to as frequency modulation, frequency groove etc..Under OFDM, each subcarrier can be modulated with Dynamic data exchange.SC-FDMA systems System can be transmitted using intertexture formula FDMA (IFDMA) on the subcarrier of cross-system bandwidth distribution, utilize local FDMA (LFDMA) transmitted on the block being made up of adjacent subcarriers, or utilize enhanced FDMA (EFDMA) multiple by adjoining secondary load Transmitted on the block that ripple is formed.In general, modulated symbol is sent in a frequency domain under OFDM, and under SC-FDMA be Sent in time domain.

Teaching herein can be included into various wired or wireless devices (for example, node) (for example, realize in it or It is executed by it).In some respects, the radio node realized according to teaching herein may include access point or access terminal.

Access point (" AP ") may include, is implemented as or be referred to as B node, radio network controller (" RNC "), drills Enter type B node (eNB), base station controller (" BSC "), base transceiver station (" BTS "), base station (" BS "), transceiver function (" TF "), Radio Router, wireless set, Basic Service Set (" BSS "), extended service set (" ESS "), radio base Stand (" RBS ") or some other terms.

Access terminal (" AT ") may include, be implemented as or be referred to as subscriber station, subscri er unit, movement station (MS), long-range Stand, remote terminal, user terminal (UT), user agent, user equipment, subscriber's installation (UE), subscriber station or some other arts Language.In some implementations, access terminal may include cell phone, wireless phone, Session initiation Protocol (" SIP ") phone, wireless Local loop (" WLL ") is stood, personal digital assistant (" PDA "), have wireless connection capability portable equipment, stand (" STA ", Such as serve as AP " AP STA " or " non-AP STA ") or be connected to radio modem some other suitable locate Manage equipment.Therefore, one or more aspects taught herein can be included into phone (for example, cell phone or intelligence electricity Words), computer (for example, laptop computer), tablet device, portable communication device, portable computing device is (for example, individual Personal data assistant), amusement equipment (for example, music or video equipment or satelline radio), global positioning system (GPS) equipment, Or it is configured to via wirelessly or non-wirelessly medium come in any other suitable equipment for communicating.In some respects, AT can be Radio node.Such radio node can for example via wired or wireless communication link come for network (for example, wide area network (and such as because Special net) or cellular network) provide connective or provide to the connectedness of the network.

Example wireless communication system

Fig. 1 illustrates the system 100 of each side of the wherein executable disclosure.E.g., including access point 110 and/or use Any radio station of family terminal 120 can be in neighborhood aware network (NAN).Radio station can be scheduled Soviet Union in these radio stations (for example, during paging window or data window) exchanges fine timing measurement (FTM) letter for ranging during the awake period Breath, and existing frame (for example, disassociation frame, triggering/poll frame, probe request/probe response frame) can be used to exchange FTM letters Breath.In every respect, one of wireless device may act as ranging agents.

System 100 can be multiple access multiple-input and multiple-output (MIMO) system 100 for example with access point and user terminal. For the sake of simplicity, an access point 110 is only shown in Fig. 1.Access point is usually the fixed station with each user terminal communication, and Alternatively referred to as base station or some other terms.User terminal can be fixed or move, and be also known as moving Stand, wireless device or some other terms.Access point 110 can any given time on the downlink and uplink with One or more user terminals 120 communicate.Downlink (that is, forward link) is the communication chain from access point to user terminal Road, and up-link (that is, reverse link) is the communication link from user terminal to access point.User terminal can also be with another use Family terminal carries out peer-to-peer communications.

System controller 130 can provide coordination and the control to these AP and/or other systems.These AP can be by system control Device 130 processed manages, and system controller 130 can for example dispose the adjustment to radio-frequency power, channel, certification and security.System Controller 130 can communicate via backhaul with each AP.These AP can also be for example direct or indirect via wirelessly or non-wirelessly backhaul each other Ground communicates.

Although each several part of following discloses will describe user terminal 120 that can be via space division multiple access (SDMA) to communicate, But for certain aspects, user terminal 120 may also include some user terminals for not supporting SDMA.Therefore, for such aspect, AP 110 can be configured to communicate with both SDMA user and non-SDMA user terminals.This method can allow for older version User terminal (" old-fashioned " stands) is still able to be deployed in enterprise to extend its useful life longevity, while allows thinking appropriate occasion Introduce newer SDMA user terminals.

System 100 carries out the data on downlink and up-link using multiple transmitting antennas and multiple reception antennas Transmission.Access point 110 is equipped with N_apIndividual antenna and for downlink transmission represent multi input (MI) and for up Multi output (MO) is represented for link transmission.Set with K selected user terminals 120 is jointly for downlink transmission For represent multi output and for up-link transmission for represent multi input.For pure SDMA, if giving K user The stream of data symbols of terminal is multiplexed in code, frequency or on the time not over certain means, then is desired to have N_ap≥K≥ 1.If stream of data symbols can use TDMA technologies, under CDMA using different code channels, under OFDM using non-intersect Subband sets etc. be multiplexed, then K can be more than N_ap.Each selected user terminal transmits because of user and different to access point Data and/or receive data different because of user from access point.In general, each selected user terminal may be provided with one Individual or multiple antenna (that is, N_ut≥1).This K selected user terminals can have the antenna of identical or different number.

System 100 can be time division duplex (TDD) system or FDD (FDD) system.For TDD system, descending chain Road and up-link share same frequency band.For FDD system, downlink and up-link use different frequency bands.Mimo system 100 are also transmitted using single carrier or multicarrier.Each user terminal may be provided with individual antenna (such as in order to suppress into This) or multiple antennas (such as in the occasion that can support fringe cost).If each user terminal 120 is by by transmission/reception It is divided into different time-gap, each time slot is assigned to the modes of different user terminals 120 to share same frequency channel, then system 100 can also be TDMA system.

Fig. 2 illustrates the AP 110 explained in Fig. 1 and UT 120 exemplary components, and it can be used to realize each of the disclosure Aspect.AP 110 and UT 120 one or more assemblies can be used to put into practice each side of the disclosure.For example, AP 110 day Line 224, Tx/Rx 222, and/or processor 210,220,240,242, and/or UT 120 controller 230 or antenna 252, Tx/Rx 254, processor 260,270,288 and 290, and/or controller 280 can be respectively used to execution and be described herein and distinguish Operation 700 that reference picture 7 and 7A are explained and 700A and it is described herein and respectively refers to Fig. 9 and the and of operation 900 that 9A is explained 900A。

Fig. 2 illustrates access point 110 and two user terminals 120m and 120x block diagram in mimo system 100.Access Point 110 is equipped with N_tIndividual antenna 224a to 224ap.User terminal 120m is equipped with N_ut,mIndividual antenna 252ma to 252mu, and user Terminal 120x is equipped with N_ut,xIndividual antenna 252xa to 252xu.Access point 110 is sender's entity for downlink, and It is recipient's entity for up-link.Each user terminal 120 is sender's entity for up-link, and right It is recipient's entity for downlink.As it is used herein, " sender's entity " it is that can be transmitted via wireless channel The device or equipment of the independent operation of data, and " recipient's entity " is the independent operation that data can be received via wireless channel Device or equipment.In the following description, subscript " dn " sign downlink, subscript " up " sign up-link, N_upIndividual user Transmitted while terminal is selected in up-link, N_dnWhile individual user terminal is selected on downlink Transmission, N_upN can be equal or different to_dn, and N_upAnd N_dnIt can be quiescent value or can change with each scheduling interval.Can Beam steering or certain other spatial processing technique are used at access point and user terminal.

On uplink, it is being selected at each user terminal 120 of up-link transmission, is launching (TX) data Processor 288 receives the traffic data from data source 286 and the control data from controller 280.Controller 280 can couple To memory 282.TX data processors 288 are based on the coding and modulation scheme associated with the speed for the user terminal selecting To handle the traffic data of (for example, coding, the intertexture and modulation) user terminal and provide stream of data symbols.At TX spaces Manage device 290 and spatial manipulation is performed to the stream of data symbols and to N_ut,mIndividual antenna provides N_ut,mIndividual transmitting code element stream.Each emitter Unit (TMTR) 254 receives and handles transmitting code element stream corresponding to (for example, being converted to simulation, amplification, filtering and up-conversion) To generate uplink signal.N_ut,m N_ut,mIndividual transmitter unit 254 provides N_ut,mIndividual uplink signal is to carry out from N_ut,m Individual antenna 252 arrives the transmission of access point.

N_upIndividual user terminal can be scheduled to carry out simultaneous transmission on uplink.Each of these user terminals Spatial manipulation is performed to the stream of data symbols of their own and transmits the transmitting code element stream collection of oneself to access point on uplink.

At access point 110, N_apIndividual antenna 224a to 224ap is from all N transmitted on uplink_upIndividual use Family terminal receives uplink signal.Each antenna 224 provides to respective receiver unit (RCVR) 222 receives letter Number.Each receiver unit 222 performs the processing of the processing complementation with being performed by transmitter unit 254, and provides and receive symbol Stream.RX spatial processors 240 are to from N_apThe N of individual receiver unit 222_apThe individual code element stream that receives performs receiver space processing And provide N_upThe individual uplink data symbols stream recovered.Receiver space processing is inverted according to channel correlation matrix (CCMI), least mean-square error (MMSE), soft interference cancellation (SIC) or certain other technologies perform.Each recover Uplink data symbols stream is the estimation of the stream of data symbols to being transmitted by respective relative users terminal.RX data processors 242 are handled (for example, demodulation, deinterleaving, reconciliation according to the speed of the uplink data symbols stream for each recovering Code) this uplink data symbols stream for recovering to be to obtain decoded data.For the decoded data of each user terminal Data trap 244 is provided to for storing and/or being supplied to controller 230 for further processing.Controller 230 can couple To memory 232.

On the uplink, at access point 110, transmitting data processor 210 receive from data source 208 to be into N scheduled in row downlink transmission_dnThe traffic data of individual user terminal, the control data from controller 230 and may be used also There can be other data for carrying out child scheduler 234.Various types of data can be sent on different transport channels.TX data processings Device 210 be based upon the speed of each user terminal selecting handle (for example, coding, interweave and modulation) if the user terminal Business data.Transmitting data processor 210 is N_dnIndividual user terminal provides N_dnIndividual downlink data symbol stream.TX spatial manipulations Device 220 is to this N_dnIndividual downlink data symbol stream performs spatial manipulation (such as precoding or beam forming, such as institute in the disclosure As description) and be N_apIndividual antenna provides N_apIndividual transmitting code element stream.Each transmitter unit 222 is received and handled respective Launch code element stream to generate down link signal.N_apIndividual transmitter unit 222 provides N_apIndividual down link signal is to carry out from N_ap Individual antenna 224 arrives the transmission of user terminal.For each user terminal decoded data be provided to data trap 272 for Controller 280 is stored and/or is supplied to for further processing.

At each user terminal 120, N_ut,mIndividual antenna 252 receives N_apThe individual down link signal from access point 110. Each receiver unit 254 handles receiving signal and providing from associated antenna 252 and receives code element stream.RX spatial manipulations Device 260 is to from N_ut,mThe N of individual receiver unit 254_ut,mIt is individual receive code element stream and perform receiver space handle and provide and recover The downlink data symbol stream to the user terminal.Receiver space processing is according to CCMI, MMSE or certain other skill Art performs.RX data processors 270 handle the down link data code that (for example, demodulation, deinterleaving and decoding) recovers Flow filament is to obtain the decoded data to the user terminal.

At each user terminal 120, channel estimator 278 estimates downlink channel response and provides downlink letter Estimate that the Downlink channel estimation may include channel gain estimation, SNR estimations, noise variance etc. in road.Similarly, accessing At point 110, the estimating uplink channel response of channel estimator 228 simultaneously provides uplink channel estimation.Each user terminal Controller 280 be typically based on the downlink channel response matrix H of the user terminal_dn,mTo derive the space of the user terminal Filtering matrix.Controller 230 is based on effective uplink channel responses matrix H_up,effTo derive the space filtering square of access point Battle array.The controller 280 of each user terminal can be to access point send feedback information (for example, downlink and/or up-link sheet Levy vector, characteristic value, SNR estimations etc.).Controller 230 and 280 also controls each at access point 110 and user terminal 120 respectively The operation of individual processing unit.

Fig. 3 illustrates each component used in the wireless device 302 that can be used in mimo system 100.Wirelessly set Standby 302 be the example for the equipment that can be configured to realize various methods described herein.For example, the wireless device can realize difference The operation 700 and 900 explained in Fig. 7 and 9.Wireless device 302 can be access point 110 or user terminal 120.

Wireless device 302 may include the processor 304 for controlling the operation of wireless device 302.Processor 304 is also referred to as CPU (CPU).Memory 306 (it may include read-only storage (ROM) and random access memory (RAM)) is to place Manage device 304 and instruction and data is provided.A part for memory 306 may also include nonvolatile RAM (NVRAM). The programmed instruction that processor 304 is typically based on the memory storage of memory 306 comes execution logic and arithmetical operation.In memory 306 Instruction can be performed to realize approach described herein.

Wireless device 302 may also include shell 308, and the shell 308 may include emitter 310 and receiver 312 to allow The transmission and reception of data are carried out between wireless device 302 and remote node.Emitter 310 and receiver 312 can be combined Into transceiver 314.Single or multiple transmitting antennas 315 can be attached to shell 308 and be electrically coupled to transceiver 314.Wirelessly Equipment 302 may also include (not shown) multiple emitters, multiple receivers and multiple transceivers.

Wireless device 302, which may also include, can be used for trying hard to detect and quantifying the signal level received by transceiver 314 Signal detector 318.Signal detector 318 can detect such as gross energy, per code element energy of per subcarrier, power spectral density it The signal and other signals of class.Wireless device 302 may also include the digital signal processor (DSP) 320 for process signal.

Each component of wireless device 302 can be coupled by bus system 322, and the bus system 322 is except data Power bus, control signal bus and status signal bus in addition are may also include outside bus.

Example frequency modulation distribution

As set forth above, it is possible to using the waveform being modulated at during fixed time period on fixed frequency band by wireless medium come Pass on packet (also referred to as frame).Frequency band is divided into one or more " frequency modulations ", and the period is divided into one Or multiple " symbols ".As the non-limiting example of illustrative, 20MHz frequency bands are divided into four 5MHz frequency modulations, and 80 The microsecond period is divided into 20 4 microsecond symbols.Correspondingly, " frequency modulation " can represent frequency subband included in waveform. Frequency modulation may be alternatively referred to as subcarrier.Thus " frequency modulation " can be frequency domain unit." symbol " can represent to be wrapped in waveform The time domain unit that the time included is lasted.Thus, therefore the waveform for packet radio can be turned to (logical including multiple frequency modulations by vision Often on the longitudinal axis in units of frequency) and multiple symbols (generally on the transverse axis in units of the time) two-dimensional structure.

As an example, wireless device can be via 20 megahertzs of (MHz) wireless channels (for example, the letter with 20MHz bandwidth Road) it is grouped to receive.Wireless device can perform 64 point quick Fouriers conversion (FFT) to determine 64 in the waveform of the packet Frequency modulation.It is believed that the subset of these frequency modulations is " usable ", and be believed that remaining frequency modulation be " unusable " (for example, Can be protection tone, direct current (DC) frequency modulation etc.).In order to explain, 56 frequency modulations in this 64 frequency modulations can be it is workable, Including 52 data tones and 4 pilot tones.As another example, can there are 48 data tones and 4 pilot tones.Should Pay attention to, above-mentioned channel width, conversion and frequency modulation planning are to illustrate.According to alternative embodiment, different channel strips can be used Wide (for example, 5MHz, 6MHz, 6.5MHz, 40MHz, 80MHz etc.), different conversion are (for example, 256 point FFT, 1024 point FFT Deng), and/or the planning of different frequency modulations.

Example phase tracking in HE-LTF

The each side of the disclosure, which generally provides, can be used for tracking and is lasted (for example, 2x and/or 4x codes using extending symbol Member is lasted) the phase of packet radio and/or the technology of carrier frequency shift (CFO).Which frequency is these technologies can assist in Adjust and be allocated for transmitting the pilot signal in the LTF (such as 2x and 4x high efficiency (HE) LTF) lasted using extension symbol.

In some applications, longer symbol lasts the various pieces for being used for frame.For example, Fig. 4 shows exemplary packet 400, wherein longer symbol, which lasts (for example, 2x or 4x), is used for HE-LTF and follow-up data payload.The symbol is gone through When it is longer for benchmark lasts (for example, the 1x symbols for old-fashioned preamble portions and/or HE-SIG fields are lasted).

When being lasted in various applications using longer symbol, due to the vibration at transmission method, apparatus and receiver equipment Difference between device, thus Phase Tracking and carrier frequency shift (CFO) adjust what is be likely necessary.In given HE-LTF than it In the case that he symbol lasts (for example, the LTF defined according to 802.11ac) longer (for example, 2x or 4x are longer), long training word The increase that the symbol of section (such as HE-LTF) is lasted may it is expected to perform Phase Tracking and/or CFO during channel estimation Adjustment.

It may propose that (wherein term " parameter designing " generally refers to for some challenges when attempting the existing parameter designing of application Or the number and location of the frequency modulation for transmitting data/pilot signal are specified in definition).For example, according to existing parameter designing, 2x LTF (2x normal/references Baud Length) be generally only filled with 4x OFDM symbols (4x normal/references Baud Length) every One frequency modulation.These give for determining for example how to be directed to transmission (such as single user with single resource to be traced (SU) transmit), DL MU MIMO and up-link and downlink OFDMA transmission be (for example, wherein emitter is assigned point The frequency opened) perform Phase Tracking various options.

The each side of the disclosure provides the various skills for performing Phase Tracking using LTF during channel estimation Art.In some cases, Phase Tracking can be performed by using the pilot tone transmitted in the various frequency modulations in LTF.At other In situation, Phase Tracking can in the case of without using pilot tone but performed by using orthogonal LTF sequences.

Fig. 5 illustrates the exemplary operations for being used to be carried out radio communication by sender's device of some aspects according to the disclosure 500 block diagram, the exemplary operations allow (recipient's device) to carry out the Phase Tracking based on pilot tone using LTF.

Operation 500 starts to be had in 502 frames of the generation with one or more fields (LTF), one or more fields There is the pilot frequency code element to be transmitted via one or more frequency modulations.504, sender's device exports the frame for transmission.

Fig. 6, which illustrates, to carry out radio communication by recipient's device according to some aspects of the disclosure and is based on pilot tone to perform Phase Tracking exemplary operations 600 block diagram.For example, operation 600 can be considered as handling according to the behaviour shown in Fig. 5 Complementation " receiver side " operation for the frame for making to transmit.

Operation 600 starts from obtains the frame with one or more fields (LTF) 602, has in one or more fields There is the pilot frequency code element transmitted in one or more frequency modulations.604, recipient's device is estimated based on LTF to perform channel for the frame Count and Phase Tracking is performed based on pilot frequency code element.

According to some aspects, for the Phase Tracking based on pilot tone in LTF, existing frequency modulation planning can be used for determining Which position of frequency modulation and/or the frequency modulation of how many number will be used to transmit pilot tone.For example, for 4x LTF, can use be used for The identical frequency modulation planning of single current pilot tone (SSP or SSP pilot frequency code elements) is transmitted in the data division of packet.In this case, The number of pilots and pilot tone locations identical number of pilots and pilot tone with being used in data can be used in LTF Position.

However, as mentioned above, for example, different considerations are there may be for 2x LTF, because 2x LTF can pass through Be only filled with 4x OFDM symbols every a frequency modulation, to generate, (and in existing 4x data symbols, pilot tone can all have There is odd number index).However, each side of the disclosure can provide a pilot design in 2x LTF, the pilot design, which utilizes, to be permitted The number and location of (for example, single current) pilot tone of perhaps acceptable tracking performance.

The various methods for accommodating 2x LTF are given, wherein pilot frequency locations are not right during the data division and LTF of packet Together.For example, according to a method, 2x parameter designings can be used for pilot tone in LTF.In another method, it can use and 4x Equal number of pilot tone in LTF parameter designings.

2x parameter designings in 2x LTF are used for into pilot tone can cause the half more than the pilot tone number in 4x, this table Show the increase of the pilot density relative to 4x parameter designings.As a result, such method is expectable has no worse than 4x LTF phase Tracking performance.In this case, further reduction number of pilots be can not be required, and this can be avoided for new pilot tones Adjust the needs of planning.In some cases, the number of the pilot tone in 2x LTF and pilot frequency locations can follow following 2x ginsengs One of number design：

80MHz：16 pilot tones and its position as in 512FFT (HE40)

40MHz：8 pilot tones and its position as in 256FFT (HE20)

20MHz：6 pilot tones and its position as in 128FFT (VHT40)

106 frequency modulation RU (resource unit)：4 pilot tones and its position as in 52 frequency modulation RU

52 frequency modulation RU：2 pilot tones and its position as in 26 frequency modulation RU

26 frequency modulation RU：Planned for the new frequency modulation of 13 frequency modulation blocks

For new (13 frequency modulation) the frequency modulation block, in some cases, considering that channel generally should be on the block relatively , can be in (13 frequency modulation blocks in the case of flat (and can use and 2 frequency modulation identical pilot powers in 26 frequency modulation RU) ) single (1) pilot tone of center use.In other situations, multiple pilot tones can be used (for example, 13 frequency modulation 2 pilot tones in the 5th and the 9th frequency modulation in block) rather than middle single frequency modulation with provide preferable diversity gain and Power gain.

In some cases, when the 2x parameter designings in 2x LTF are used for into pilot tone, in order that the letter for 4x data Extrapolation minimization of loss in road estimation, (available) 2x being filled through can (nearby) be extended at an edge or two edges The number of LTF frequency modulations.The design of this example parameter is referred to alternatively as " extending " 2x parameter designings.

In some cases, in addition to the new 13 frequency modulation block for 26 frequency modulation RU 2x LTF, every other RU can make With the parameter designing of existing defined (for example, being directed to 802.11ac/11ah).In such application, pilot tone is used for 2x Phase Tracking between LTF and 2x LTF rather than between 2x and 4x, it is possible in the absence of the additional complexity of Phase Tracking. Although pilot frequency locations may not line up during data and LTF, it is such alignment can not be it is required because data symbols In phase offset can estimate on the pilot tone in estimated channel rather than LTF, and lead to when transmitting 2x LTF Often need channel interpolation.

As mentioned above, in some cases, can in 2x LTF use and equal number of pilot tone in 4x LTE. In current 4x parameter designings, pilot tone all has odd number index.Therefore, it is identical with 4x in order to have in 2x LTF The pilot tone of number, pilot frequency locations can be moved into even number frequency modulation index in 4x LTF, so they can be in 2x LTF It is filled.As mentioned above, pilot frequency locations are further moved during data with all pilot tone ropes in align LTF and data Draw and can not be uniformity required, but that the pilot tone of both LTF and data can be assisted in keeping.In 2x LTF use with Equal number of pilot tone can cause the new pilot tone planning for 2x and 4x parameter designings in 4x LTF.It is more in LTF Pilot tone can cause to need more channels interpolation for those data tones around pilot tone locations.

In some cases, the number of the pilot tone in 2x LTF can be identical with 4x parameter designings.In such feelings In shape, the pilot frequency locations in 2x LTF and 4x data (if desired) can follow (existing 4x pilot tones index+1) or (existing 4x pilot tones index -1), the definite pilot frequency locations in wherein 2x LTF be equal to modified 4x pilot tones index divided by 2, such as：

For 80MHz 2x LTF：16 pilot tones and its position are (pilot tone in 1024FFT indexes +/- 1)/2

For 40MHz 2x LTF：16 pilot tones and its position are (pilot tone in 512FFT indexes +/- 1)/2

For 20MHz 2x LTF：8 pilot tones and its position are (pilot tone in 256FFT indexes +/- 1)/2

For 106 frequency modulation RU 2x LTF：4 pilot tones and its position are (the pilot tone index in 106 frequency modulation RU is +/- 1)/2

For 52 frequency modulation RU 2x LTF：4 pilot tones and its position for (pilot tone in 52 frequency modulation RU index +/- 1)/ 2

For 26 frequency modulation RU 2x LTF：2 pilot tones and its position for (pilot tone in 26 frequency modulation RU index +/- 1)/ 2

Fig. 7 illustrates the exemplary operations for being used to be carried out radio communication by sender's device of some aspects according to the disclosure 700 block diagram, the exemplary operations allow to carry out the Phase Tracking based on non-pilot using LTF.

Operation 700 is started from 702 frames of the generation with multiple orthogonal long training field (LTF) sequences to allow to estimate in channel Phase Tracking is carried out based on these LTF during meter, each orthogonal LTF sequences are assigned to different spatial flows.704, pass The side's of sending device exports the frame to be passed as single user (SU) transmission, downlink multiuser (MU) multiple-input and multiple-output (MIMO) Defeated or OFDM (OFDMA) is transmitted to transmit.

Fig. 8, which illustrates, to carry out radio communication by recipient's device according to some aspects of the disclosure and is based on non-lead to perform The block diagram of the exemplary operations 800 of the Phase Tracking of frequency.For example, operation 800 can be considered as handling according to Fig. 7 Complementation " receiver side " operation for the frame for operating to transmit.

Operation 800 starts from obtains the frame with multiple orthogonal long training field (LTF) sequences, each orthogonal LTF sequences 802 Row are assigned to different spatial flows, and the frame is how defeated as single user (SU) transmission, downlink multiuser (MU) multi input Go out (MIMO) transmission or OFDM (OFDMA) transmission to obtain.804, recipient's device is based on these LTF To perform at least one of the channel estimation of frame or Phase Tracking.

When across all stream using orthogonal LTF sequences, different LTF sequences can be assigned to different stream.In this situation In, all data tones and at least " first+last " LTF symbols can be used for estimating carrier frequency skew (CFO).This is done Method can be favourable, because not needing pilot tone in LTF, and can cause compared with the pilot tone in LTF from larger More storage gains of the LTF frequency modulations of number.Orthogonal LTF sequences are equally applicable to both 2x and 4x LTF.

In some cases, Nss orthogonal LTF sequences can be used for Nss stream (1 pair of 1 mapping).This method can cause Full portfolio premium, but be also possible to require that at least Nss adjoins pilot tone and has same channel.In other situations, it can be used few In Nss orthogonal LTF sequences.For example, only two orthogonal LTF sequences can be used：One be used for it is first-class, another is used for remaining Stream (for example, remaining Nss-1 stream).This method can will be reduced to only two contiguous tones for the needs of flat channel On, but the loss being averaged on multiple streams to estimated phase drift is can also result in (for example, when 2 are used for upstream During one user) and may be sometimes due to only relying on a stream being tracked and causing power attenuation.

In some scenes, for the purpose of Phase Tracking, single current pilot tone can provide ratio as waited until high SNR in being used for The orthogonal LTF better performances of MIMO transmission in frequency-selective channel.In such situation, come from the angle of channel interpolation Say, the channel loss around pilot tone could possibly be higher than other frequency modulations, but may not have due to limited pilot density significantly Influence.

However, in such situation, in beam forming, some technologies can be used for the channel interpolation at pilot tone.It is such Technology can generate and (be used for beamformed transmission) pre-coding matrix based on the feedback from the equipment for receiving pilot tone When use.In some cases, it is in order that smooth through precoding channel, corresponding to the pre-coding matrix entry of special pilot frequency modulation It can be generated based on the feedback of the channel transmitted in other frequency modulations.For example, for the pilot tone with frequency modulation index n Pre-coding matrix can be generated based on the interpolated channel feedback on two contiguous tones (having frequency modulation index n-1 and n+1)：

W (H (n))=f (H (n-1), H (n+1)).

In some cases, it may be considered that how pilot tone is placed in given resource unit (RU), to cause it Can be used for 2x LTF.One method is to place pilot tone in all RU at even number frequency modulation.This can practically imply that mirror image Two pilot configurations are symmetrically used, this may not cause consistent design and still may need to know RU positions to determine Pilot configuration.In general, making a pilot configuration reach the target that there is even number frequency modulation index for all pilot tones to be probably Difficult is either impossible.In some cases, both spectrum line and RU positions can have specular.

In some cases, as mentioned above, pilot tone locations can be based on the relative pilot structure in each RU. In this situation, single pilot configuration can be used for LTF and data (for example, by reusing the conventional parameter for 2x and 4x Design), to cause 2x LTF to use 2x pilot tones, and 4x LTF and data use 4x pilot tones.

Another option is that fixed absolute pilot configuration is used for into whole PPDU.In this case, can be based on using Fixation tone locations in the given PPDU bandwidth (for example, 20/40/80MHz) of any Resource Allocation Formula are (for example, all exist At even number frequency modulation index) in defined pilot set select (for example, equipment may be selected) pilot tone locations.For each Distribution, the pilot tone in RU distributed can select according to defined set, wherein it is big to be adapted to RU correctly to perforate It is small.

As specific rather than limited example, 18 of fixed position lead defined in 20MHz PPDU Frequency is to accommodate up to 9 user's distribution, and each user's distribution is with 2 pilot tones in 26-RU.It is assumed that a STA is assigned 106RU, in the 106RU, there will be 8 pilot tones.In order to obtain 4 pilot tones from the pilot tone of the 8 of 106RU, led every one Can be perforated frequently (for example, according to/by any suitable perforation rule of application).

Be for an advantage of the absolute pilot configuration of whole PPDU fixation, pilot frequency locations can in any RU and Alignd in any distribution, this can be easy to hardware design.In addition, it can make with the pilot frequency locations independently of RU designs and resource allocation It is simpler to obtain OFDMA processing.As an example, if defined whole pilot tones, at even number frequency modulation, 2x and 4x transmission will Identical pilot set is used for LTF, this make it that LTF processing is simpler.It can be beneficial to fixed absolute pilot configuration Downlink shared pilot tone uses.

Fig. 9 illustrates an example of fixed absolute pilot configuration.The example explained proposes that 18 in 20MHz are led Frequently, 36 pilot tones in 40MHz and 74 pilot tones in 80MHz.In the example explained, all pilot tones are placed At even number frequency modulation, and it is unrolled evenly on PPDU whole spectrum line.

In the example explained, for 20MHz, proposed pilot tone index is：±10,±22,±36,± 48,±62,±76,±90,±102,±116.For 40MHz, proposed frequency modulation index is：±10,±24,±36,± 50,±64,±78,±90,±104,±116,±130,±144,±158,±170,±184,±198,±212,± 224,±238.For 80MHz, proposed frequency modulation index is：±10,±24,±38,±50,±64,±78,±92,± 104,±118,±130,±144,±158,±172,±184,±198,±212,±226,±238,±252,±266, ±280,±292,±306,±320,±334,±346,±360,±372,±386,±400,±414,±426,± 440,±454,±468,±480,±494。

The example that Figure 10-12 illustrates Fig. 9 of each side according to the disclosure absolute frequency modulation structure is marked and drawed.Figure 10 explanations The example frequency modulation mapping of 18 frequency modulations in 20MHz, Figure 11 illustrate the example frequency modulation mapping of 36 frequency modulations in 40MHz, And Figure 12 illustrates the example frequency modulation mapping of 74 frequency modulations in 80MHz.

Figure 14 illustrate according to the absolute frequency modulation structure of another example of each side of the disclosure (structure shown in Fig. 9 Replace).In the example explained, for 20MHz, proposed pilot tone index and those pilot tones shown in Fig. 9 Adjust index identical.For 40MHz, proposed frequency modulation index is：±8,±22,±34,±48,±62,±76,±88,± 102,±116,±130,±144,±158,±170,±184,±198,±212,±224,±238.For 80MHz, institute The frequency modulation index of proposal is：±10,±22,±36,±48,±62,±76,±90,±102,±116,±130,±144, ±158,±172,±184,±198,±212,±226,±238,±252,±264,±278,±290,±304,± 318,±332,±344,±358,±372,±386,±400,±414,±426,±440,±454,±468,±480, ±494。

Similar to Figure 10-12, Figure 15-17 illustrates showing for Figure 14 of each side according to the disclosure absolute frequency modulation structure Example is marked and drawed.Plotting shown in Figure 10-12 and 15-17 illustrates the situation in given some residual frequency modulations (yellow frame) and RU positions Under how using the defined pilot tone in each example RU and to these defined pilot tones to enter eleven punch 11.Remaining frequency modulation also can quilt Referred to as " null tone ", because these frequency modulations may not have energy.

Generally, for 26 and 52 frequency modulation RU, all patterns availables in each RU can be used.For 106 (i.e., 102+4) with 242 frequency modulation RU, eleven punch 11 can be entered to the half of patterns available frequency modulation.As explained in Figure 18, in some feelings In shape, relative pilot position can be kept in relatively close proximity to defined in 11ah position (even pilot index and one it is strange The symmetrical pilot configuration of number pilot tone index).Regardless of frequency modulation distribution planning is remained, there may be pilot tones in 26 frequency modulation RU Three kinds of modifications of adjusted position, as shown in Figure 19.In the first modification, 26 frequency modulation RU can have since even number index most Left side frequency modulation and the structure that [6P13P5] can be used.In the second modification, leftmost side frequency modulation can since odd number index, and The structure of [5P13P6] may be needed.In the 3rd modification, central 26 frequency modulation RU pilot configurations can be [6P6 6P6].

In order to ensure all pilot tones have an even number frequency modulation index, the relative pilot position in 26 frequency modulation RU is had to for not With 26 frequency modulation RU and change.

Can be that each 26 frequency modulation RU selects pilot tone index to (being referred to by arrow for 20MHz for example, referring to Figure 10 Show) (from left to right, -116/-102, -90/-76, -62/-48, -36/-22, -10/10,22/36,48/62,76/90, and 102/116).Similarly, the collection being made up of four pilot tones index in these same pilot frequency modulation indexes can be shared In 52 frequency modulation RU (- 116/-102/-90/-76, -62/-48/-36/-22,22/36/48/62, and 76/90/102/116). On the other hand, only the half (- 116/-90/-48/- in these frequency modulation indexes can be selected for 106 frequency modulation RU and 242 frequency modulation RU 22 and 22/48/90/116) and for 242 frequency modulation RU select only half (- 116/-90/-48/-22/ in these frequency modulation indexes 22/48/90/116), and other pilot tones index perforated (from left to right, -102, -76, -62, -36, -10,10,36, 62,76, and 102).

Similarly, reference picture 11, can be that each 26 frequency modulation RU selects pilot tone index to (by arrow for 40MHz Instruction) (from left to right, -238/-224, -212/-198, -184/-170, -158/-144, -130/-116, -104/-90, - 78/-64,-50/-36,-24/-10,10/24,36/50,64/78,90/104,116/130,144/158,170/184,198/ 212, and 224/238).Similarly, will can be made up of four pilot tones index in these same pilot frequency modulation indexes Set be used for 52 frequency modulation RU (- 238/-224/-212/-198, -184/-170/-158/-144, -104/-90/-78/-64, - 50/-36/-24/-10,10/24/36/50,64/78/90/104,144/158/170/184, and 198/212/224/238). On the other hand, can be 106 frequency modulation RU select in these frequency modulation indexes fewer than half (- 238/-212/-170/-144 ,- 104/-78/-36/-10,10/36/78/104, and 144/170/212/238) and for 242 frequency modulation RU select these frequency modulations Fewer than half (- 238/-212/-170/-144/-104/-78/-36/-10 and 10/36/78/104/144/170/ in index 212/238), and other pilot tones index perforated.

Similarly, reference picture 12, can be that each 26 frequency modulation RU selects pilot tone index to (by arrow for 80MHz Instruction) (from left to right, -494/-480, -468/-454, -440/-426, -414/-400, -386/-372, -360/-346, - 334/-320,-306/-292,-280/-266,-252/-238,-226/-212,-198/-184,-172/-158,-144/- 130,-118/-104,-92/-78,-64/-50,-38/-24,-10/10,24/38,50/64,78/92,104/118,130/ 144,158/172,184/198,212/226,238/252,266/280,292/306,320/334,346/360,372/386, 400/414,426/440,454/468, and 480/494).Similarly, can be by by these same pilot frequency modulation indexes The set of four pilot tone index compositions is used for 52 frequency modulation RU (from left to right, -494/-480/-468/-454, -440/- 426/-414/-400,-360/-346/-334/-320,-306/-292/-280/-266,-252/-238/-226/-212,- 198/-184/-172/-158,-118/-104/-92/-78,-64/-50/-38/-24,24/38/50/64,78/92/104/ 118,158/172/184/198,212/226/238/252,266/280/292/306,320/334/346/360,400/414/ 426/440, and 454/468/480/494).On the other hand, only one in these frequency modulation indexes can be selected for 106 frequency modulation RU Half or less (- 494/-468/-426/-400, -360/-334/-292/-266, -252/-226/-184/-158, -118/- 92/-50/-24,24/50/92/118,158/184/226/252,266/292/334/360, and 400/426/468/494) And select the only half in these frequency modulation indexes or less (- 494/-468/-426/-400/-360/- for 242 frequency modulation RU 334/-292/-266,-252/-226/-184/-158/-118/-92/-50/-24,24/50/92/118/158/184/226/ 252, and 266/292/334/360/400/426/468/494), and other pilot tones index is perforated.On the other hand, may be used Think that 996 frequency modulation RU select the only a quarter in these frequency modulation indexes or less (- 468/-400/-334/-266/-226/- 158/-92/-24,24/92/158/226/266/334/400/468), and other pilot tones index is perforated.

Table shown in Figure 13 outlines the pilot tones of the various combination of the channel width and RU sizes explained in Figure 10-12 Adjust index.In other words, depending on channel width and RU sizes, suitable number of pilot tone can be selected from the value shown in the table Frequency modulation index is (for example, for the frequency modulation index indicated by a pair of 26 frequency modulation RU or for indicated by 4 of 52 frequency modulation RU Frequency modulation index).

Reference picture 15, mapped for the 20MHz frequency modulations shown in Figure 14, can be with for the pilot tone index of different RU selections It is identical with shown in Figure 10.

Similarly, reference picture 16, mapped for the 40MHz frequency modulations shown in Figure 14, can be that each 26 frequency modulation RU is selected Pilot tone index to (indicated by an arrow) (from left to right, -238/-224, -212/-198, -184/-170, -158/-144, - 130/-116,-102/-88,-76/-62,-48/-34,-22/-8,8/22,34/48,62/76,88/102,116/130,144/ 158,170/184,198/212, and 224/238).Similarly, can be by by four in these same pilot frequency modulation indexes Pilot tone index composition set be used for 52 frequency modulation RU (- 238/-224/-212/-198, -184/-170/-158/-144, - 102/-88/-76/-62, -48/-34/-22/-8,8/22/34/48,62/76/88/102,144/158/170/184, and 198/212/224/238).On the other hand, fewer than half (- 238/- in these frequency modulation indexes can be selected for 106 frequency modulation RU 144/170/212/238) and be 242 frequency modulation RU 212/-170/-144, -102/-76/-34/-8,8/34/76/102, and Select fewer than half (- 238/-212/-170/-144/-102/-76/-34/-8 and 8/34/76/ in these frequency modulation indexes 102/144/170/212/238), and other pilot tones index perforated.

Similarly, reference picture 17, can be that each 26 frequency modulation RU selects pilot tone index to (by arrow for 80MHz Instruction) (from left to right, -494/-480, -468/-454, -440/-426, -414/-400, -386/-372, -358/-344, - 332/-318,-304/-290,-278/-264,-252/-238,-226/-212,-198/-184,-172/-158,-144/- 130,-116/-102,-90/-76,-62/-48,-36/-22,-10/10,22/36,48/62,76/90,102/116,130/ 144,158/172,184/198,212/226,238/252,264/278,290/304,318/332,344/358,372/386, 400/414,426/440,454/468, and 480/494).Similarly, can be by by these same pilot frequency modulation indexes The set of four pilot tone index compositions is used for 52 frequency modulation RU (from left to right, -494/-480/-468/-454, -440/- 426/-414/-400,-358/-344/-332/-318,-304/-290/-278/-264,-252/-238/-226/-212,- 198/-184/-172/-158,-116/-102/-90/-76,-62/-48/-36/-22,22/36/48/62,76/90/102/ 116,158/172/184/198,212/226/238/252,264/278/290/304,318/332/344/358,400/414/ 426/440, and 454/468/480/494).On the other hand, only one in these frequency modulation indexes can be selected for 106 frequency modulation RU Half or less (- 494/-468/-426/-400, -358/-332/-290/-264, -252/-226/-184/-158, -116/- 90/-48/-22,22/48/90/116,158/184/226/252,264/290/332/358, and 400/426/468/494) And select the only half in these frequency modulation indexes or less (- 494/-468/-426/-400/-358/- for 242 frequency modulation RU 332/-290/-264,-252/-226/-184/-158/-116/-90/-48/-22,22/48/90/116/158/184/226/ 252, and 264/290/332/358/400/426/468/494), and other pilot tones index is perforated.On the other hand, may be used Think that 996 frequency modulation RU select the only a quarter in these frequency modulation indexes or less (- 468/-400/-332/-264/-226/- 158/-90/-22,22/90/158/226/264/332/400/468), and other pilot tones index is perforated.

As explained in these examples, in many cases, 52 frequency modulation RU pilot tone can be with corresponding 2x26 frequency modulations Pilot tone alignment in RU.In addition, as explained in these examples, it can select larger RU's from smaller RU pilot tone index Index (for example, 106 frequency modulation RU pilot tones can be selected from corresponding 2x52 frequency modulations RU pilot tone index), as explained in Figure 20 's.

In the example explained, for example, performing perforation in 242 frequency modulations to cause it more in a manner of specular Equably extended in the 996 frequency modulation RU in 80MHz.For 996 frequency modulation RU, can be inherited every a pilot tone from 242 RU To realize that good pilot tone between RU is alignd.In the example explained, rule of being perforated to 20/40/80MHz applications identical. Certainly, this is only example, and can be in the pilot tone selection in each RU using a variety of perforation rules.

Specifically how many pilot tone is required to be based on various factors.For example, 4 pilot tones in given 11ac20 In the case of reaching frequency error accuracy A, A/2 accuracy should be enough for 2x LTF, and with 4 The 11ax 2x LTF of pilot tone can obtain B=A/2 because 2x symbols are lasted, and with the 11ax 2x LTF of 8 pilot tones C=B/sqrt (2) can be obtained due to the pilot tone of double number.

Method disclosed herein includes being used for one or more steps or the action for reaching described method.These sides Method step and/or action can be with the scopes interchangeable with one another without departing from claim.In other words, unless specifying step or dynamic The certain order of work, otherwise the order and/or use of specific steps and/or action can change without departing from claim Scope.

As used herein, the phrase for quoting from a list of items " at least one " refers to any group of these projects Close, including single member.As an example, " at least one in a, b or c " is intended to：A, b, c, a-b, a-c, b-c and a- B-c, and any combinations with multiple identical elements are (for example, a-a, a-a-a, a-a-b, a-a-c, a-b-b, a-c-c, b- B, b-b-b, b-b-c, c-c and c-c-c, or a, b and c any other sequence).

As it is used herein, term " it is determined that " cover various actions.For example, " it is determined that " may include to calculate, count Calculate, handle, deriving, studying, searching (for example, being searched in table, database or other data structures), finding out and be such. Moreover, " it is determined that " may include to receive (for example, receive information), to access (for example, accessing data in memory) and such. Moreover, " it is determined that " it may also include parsing, selection, selection, establishment and the like.

In some cases, equipment not can actually transmit frame, but can have and be used for output frame for transmission Interface.For example, processor can transmit via EBI to RF front ends output frame.Similarly, equipment not actually connects Frame is received, but there can be the interface for being used for obtaining the frame received from another equipment.For example, processor can be via EBI from RF Front end obtains the frame of (or reception) transmission.

The various operations of method described above can be performed by any suitable device for being able to carry out corresponding function. These devices may include various hardware and/or component software and/or module, including but not limited to circuit, application specific integrated circuit Or processor (ASIC).In general, depositing the occasion of the operation explained in the accompanying drawings, these operations can have with similar volume Number corresponding contrast means add functional unit.For example, the operation 500,600,700 and 800 that are explained in Fig. 5,6,7 and 8 are right respectively Device 500A, 600A, 700A and the 800A that should be explained in Fig. 5 A, 6A, 7A and 8A.

For example, means for receiving and the device for acquisition can be the receptions of the user terminal 120 explained in Fig. 2 Machine (for example, receiver unit of transceiver 254) and/or (all) antennas 252 or be connecing for the access point 110 that is explained in Fig. 2 Receipts machine (for example, receiver unit of transceiver 222) and/or (all) antennas 224.Device for transmission and the dress for output Put can be the user terminal 120 explained in Fig. 2 emitter (for example, transmitter unit of transceiver 254) and/or (all) days The emitter (for example, transmitter unit of transceiver 222) and/or (all) days of the access point 110 explained in line 252 or Fig. 2 Line 224.

Device for generation, the device for determination, the device for selection, the device for performing channel estimation, And/or the device for performing Phase Tracking may include processing system, the processing system may include one or more processors, all RX data processors 270, TX data processors 288, and/or the controller 280 of user terminal 120 as explained in Figure 2, or TX data processors 210, RX data processors 242, and/or the controller 230 of the access point 110 explained in person Fig. 2.

Various illustrative logical blocks, module and circuit with reference to described by the disclosure, which can use, to be designed to carry out retouching herein General processor, digital signal processor (DSP), application specific integrated circuit (ASIC), the field programmable gate array for the function of stating Or other PLD (PLD), discrete door or transistor logics, discrete nextport hardware component NextPort or its is any (FPGA) Combine to realize or perform.General processor can be microprocessor, but in alternative, processor can be any commercially available Processor, controller, microcontroller or state machine.Processor is also implemented as the combination of computing device, for example, DSP Combination, multi-microprocessor with microprocessor, the one or more microprocessors cooperateed with DSP core or it is any other this Class configures.

If realized with hardware, exemplary hardware configuration may include the processing system in radio node.Processing system can be with Realized with bus architecture.Depending on the concrete application and overall design constraints of processing system, bus may include any number of Interconnection bus and bridger.Various circuits including processor, machine readable media and EBI can be linked at by bus Together.EBI can be used for network adapter etc. being connected to processing system via bus.Network adapter can be used for Realize the signal processing function of PHY layer.In user terminal 120 (see Fig. 1) situation, user interface is (for example, keypad, aobvious Show device, mouse, control stick, etc.) bus can also be connected to.Bus can also link various other circuits, such as timing Source, ancillary equipment, voltage-stablizer, management circuit and similar circuit, they are well known in the art, therefore will It is not described further.Processor can be realized with one or more general and/or application specific processors.Example includes microprocessor Device, microcontroller, DSP Processor and other can perform the circuit system of software.Depending on concrete application and it is added to entirety Overall design constraints in system, it would be recognized by those skilled in the art that how to be best accomplished on the work(described by processing system Can property.

If implemented in software, each function can be used as one or more instruction or code to be stored in computer-readable medium Above or by it transmitted.Software should be broadly interpreted to mean instruction, data or its any combinations, either be claimed Make software, firmware, middleware, microcode, hardware description language or other.Computer-readable medium includes computer storage and is situated between Both matter and communication media, these media include facilitating any medium that computer program shifts from one place to another.Processing Device can be responsible for bus and general processing, including perform the software module being stored on machinable medium.Computer Readable storage medium storing program for executing can be coupled to processor to enable the processor from/to the storage medium reading writing information.In replacement side In case, storage medium can be integrated into processor.As an example, machine readable media may include transmission line, be modulated by data Carrier wave, and/or the computer-readable recording medium for being stored thereon with instruction that is separated with radio node, its all can be by handling Device is accessed by EBI.Alternatively or in addition to, machine readable media or its any part can be integrated into processor In, such as cache and/or general-purpose register file may be exactly this situation.As an example, machinable medium Example may include RAM (random access memory), flash memory, ROM (read-only storage), PROM (programmable read only memory), EPROM (erasable programmable read only memory), EEPROM (electrically erasable formula programmable read only memory), register, disk, light Disk, hard drives or any other suitable storage medium or its any combinations.Machine readable media can be embodied in meter In calculation machine program product.

Software module may include individual instructions, perhaps a plurality of instruction, and can be distributed on some different code segments, distribution It is distributed between different programs and across multiple storage mediums.Computer-readable medium may include several software modules.These are soft Part module includes the instruction for making processing system perform various functions when being performed by device (such as processor).These software modules It may include delivery module and receiving module.Each software module may reside within single storage device or be set across multiple storages Back-up cloth.As an example, when the triggering event occurs, software module can be loaded into RAM from hard drives.In software During module performs, some instructions can be loaded into cache to improve access speed by processor.Then can be by one Or multiple cache lines are loaded into device for processing in general-purpose register file and performed.In the function of software module referenced below During property, it will be understood that such feature is to be realized in instruction of the computing device from the software module by the processor.

Any connection is also properly termed a computer-readable medium.For example, if software is using coaxial cable, optical fiber Cable, twisted-pair feeder, digital subscriber line (DSL) or wireless technology (such as infrared (IR), radio and microwave) are from web nets Stand, the transmission of server or other remote sources, then the coaxial cable, fiber optic cables, twisted-pair feeder, DSL or wireless technology are (all Such as infrared, radio and microwave) if be included among the definition of medium.Disk (disk) and dish as used herein (disc) compact disc (CD), laser disc, laser disc, digital versatile disc (DVD), floppy disk and blue light are includedDish, which disk (disk) Usually magnetically reproduce data, and dish (disc) with laser come optically reproduce data.Therefore, in some respects, computer can Reading medium may include non-transient computer-readable media (for example, tangible medium).In addition, for other aspects, it is computer-readable Medium may include transient state computer-readable medium (for example, signal).Combinations of the above should be also included in computer-readable Jie In the range of matter.

Therefore, some aspects may include the computer program product for performing the operation being presented herein.It is for example, such Computer program product may include that storing (and/or coding) thereon has the computer-readable medium of instruction, and these instructions can be by one Individual or multiple computing devices are to perform operation described herein.For example, for determining that at least one second device is adjusted The instruction of the period for revival is spent, for generating the first frame for sending the instruction of second device to during the period, is used for Instruction of first frame for transmission is exported, for obtaining the instruction of the second frame in response to the first frame, for based on the first frame Transmit and determine the instruction of ranging information the time difference between the reception of the second frame, include the of the ranging information for generating The instruction of three frames, and for exporting the 3rd frame for the instruction of transmission.In another example, will be from low-power shape for determination The instruction of the period of state revival, for obtaining the instruction of the first frame from second device during the period, in response to first Frame and generate the second frame for sending the instruction of second device to, for exporting the second frame for sending the finger of second device to Order, include the survey based on determined by the time difference transmitted between the reception of the second frame of the first frame as second device for obtaining The instruction of the 3rd frame away from information, and for determining that second device is relative for first device based on the 3rd frame The instruction of position.

Moreover, it is to be appreciated that for the module for performing methods and techniques described herein and/or other just suitable devices It can be downloaded in applicable occasion by user terminal and/or base station and/or otherwise obtained.For example, this kind equipment can be by coupling Server is bonded to facilitate the transfer of the device for performing method described herein.Alternatively, it is as described herein various Method can provide via storage device (for example, physical storage medium such as RAM, ROM, compact disc (CD) or floppy disk etc.), To cause once being coupled to or being supplied to user terminal and/or base station by the storage device, the equipment just can obtain various methods. In addition, using any other the suitable technology for being suitable to provide approach described herein and technology to equipment.

It will be understood that claim is not limited to accurate configuration and the component that the above is explained.Can be described above Method and apparatus layout, operation and details on make model of the various mdifications, changes and variations without departing from claim Enclose.

Claims (28)

1. a kind of device for wireless communications, including：

Processing system, the processing system are configured to frame of the generation with multiple orthogonal training field sequences, each orthogonal instruction Practice field sequence and be assigned to different spatial flows；And

Interface, the interface are configured to export the frame using how defeated as single user (SU) transmission, multi-user (MU) multi input Go out (MIMO) transmission or OFDM (OFDMA) transmission to transmit.

2. device as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that：

The frame is output to be transmitted via Nss spatial flow；And

The orthogonal training field sequence includes Nss orthogonal training field sequences.

3. device as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that：

The frame includes Nss spatial flow；And

The orthogonal training field sequence includes less than Nss orthogonal training field sequences.

4. device as claimed in claim 3, it is characterised in that the orthogonal training field sequence includes：

For the first first orthogonal training field sequence in the Nss spatial flow；And

The second orthogonal training field sequence for its residual current in the Nss spatial flow.

5. a kind of device for wireless communications, including：

Interface, the interface are configured to obtain the frame with multiple orthogonal training field sequences, each orthogonal training field sequence Row are assigned to different spatial flows, and the frame is as single user (SU) transmission, multi-user (MU) multiple-input and multiple-output (MIMO) transmission or OFDM (OFDMA) transmit to obtain；And

Processing system, the processing system are configured to perform channel estimation or Phase Tracking based on the training field sequence At least one of.

6. device as claimed in claim 5, it is characterised in that：

The frame obtains via Nss spatial flow；And

The orthogonal training field sequence includes Nss orthogonal training field sequences.

7. device as claimed in claim 5, it is characterised in that：

The frame includes Nss spatial flow；And

The orthogonal training field sequence includes less than Nss orthogonal training field sequences.

8. device as claimed in claim 7, it is characterised in that the orthogonal training field sequence includes：

For the first first orthogonal training field sequence in the Nss spatial flow；And

The second orthogonal training field sequence for its residual current in the Nss spatial flow.

9. a kind of method for wireless communications, including：

Frame of the generation with multiple orthogonal training field sequences, each orthogonal training field sequence are assigned to different spaces Stream；And

Export the frame using as single user (SU) transmission, multi-user (MU) multiple-input and multiple-output (MIMO) transmission or it is orthogonal Frequency division multiple access (OFDMA) is transmitted to transmit.

10. method as claimed in claim 9, it is characterised in that：

The frame is output to be transmitted via Nss spatial flow；And

The orthogonal training field sequence includes Nss orthogonal training field sequences.

11. method as claimed in claim 9, it is characterised in that：

The frame includes Nss spatial flow；And

The orthogonal training field sequence includes less than Nss orthogonal training field sequences.

12. method as claimed in claim 11, it is characterised in that the orthogonal training field sequence includes：

For the first first orthogonal training field sequence in the Nss spatial flow；And

The second orthogonal training field sequence for its residual current in the Nss spatial flow.

13. a kind of method for wireless communications, including：

The frame with multiple orthogonal training field sequences is obtained, each orthogonal training field sequence is assigned to different spaces Stream, the frame are more as single user (SU) transmission, multi-user (MU) multiple-input and multiple-output (MIMO) transmission or orthogonal frequency Transmit to obtain in location (OFDMA)；And

At least one of channel estimation or Phase Tracking are performed based on the training field sequence.

14. method as claimed in claim 13, it is characterised in that：

The frame obtains via Nss spatial flow；And

The orthogonal training field sequence includes Nss orthogonal training field sequences.

15. method as claimed in claim 13, it is characterised in that：

The frame includes Nss spatial flow；And

The orthogonal training field sequence includes less than Nss orthogonal training field sequences.

16. method as claimed in claim 15, it is characterised in that the orthogonal training field sequence includes：

For the first first orthogonal training field sequence in the Nss spatial flow；And

The second orthogonal training field sequence for its residual current in the Nss spatial flow.

17. a kind of equipment for radio communication, including：

For generating the device of the frame with multiple orthogonal training field sequences, each orthogonal training field sequence is assigned to not Same spatial flow；And

For export the frame using as single user (SU) transmission, multi-user (MU) multiple-input and multiple-output (MIMO) transmission or The device that OFDM (OFDMA) transmits to transmit.

18. equipment as claimed in claim 17, it is characterised in that：

The frame is output to be transmitted via Nss spatial flow；And

The orthogonal training field sequence includes Nss orthogonal training field sequences.

19. equipment as claimed in claim 17, it is characterised in that：

The frame includes Nss spatial flow；And

The orthogonal training field sequence includes less than Nss orthogonal training field sequences.

20. equipment as claimed in claim 19, it is characterised in that the orthogonal training field sequence includes：

For the first first orthogonal training field sequence in the Nss spatial flow；And

The second orthogonal training field sequence for its residual current in the Nss spatial flow.

21. a kind of equipment for radio communication, including：

For obtaining the device of the frame with multiple orthogonal training field sequences, each orthogonal training field sequence is assigned to not With spatial flow, the frame be as single user (SU) transmission, multi-user (MU) multiple-input and multiple-output (MIMO) transmission or just Frequency division multiple access (OFDMA) transmission is handed over to obtain；And

For performing the device of at least one of channel estimation or Phase Tracking based on the training field sequence.

22. equipment as claimed in claim 21, it is characterised in that：

The frame obtains via Nss spatial flow；And

The orthogonal training field sequence includes Nss orthogonal training field sequences.

23. equipment as claimed in claim 21, it is characterised in that：

The frame includes Nss spatial flow；And

The orthogonal training field sequence includes less than Nss orthogonal training field sequences.

24. equipment as claimed in claim 23, it is characterised in that the orthogonal training field sequence includes：

For the first first orthogonal training field sequence in the Nss spatial flow；And

The second orthogonal training field sequence for its residual current in the Nss spatial flow.

25. a kind of radio node, including：

At least one antenna；

Processing system, the processing system are configured to frame of the generation with multiple orthogonal training field sequences, each orthogonal instruction Practice field sequence and be assigned to different spatial flows；And

Emitter, the emitter be configured to via at least one antenna using the frame as single user (SU) transmission, Multi-user (MU) multiple-input and multiple-output (MIMO) transmits or OFDM (OFDMA) transmits to transmit.

26. a kind of radio node, including：

At least one antenna；

Receiver, the receiver are configured to receive with multiple orthogonal training field sequences via at least one antenna The frame of row, each orthogonal training field sequence are assigned to different spatial flows, and the frame is to be transmitted as single user (SU), be more User (MU) multiple-input and multiple-output (MIMO) transmits or OFDM (OFDMA) transmits to obtain；And

Processing system, the processing system are configured to perform channel estimation or Phase Tracking based on the training field sequence At least one of.

27. a kind of computer-readable medium, it is stored thereon with the instruction for following operation：

Frame of the generation with multiple orthogonal training field sequences, each orthogonal training field sequence are assigned to different spaces Stream；And

Export the frame using as single user (SU) transmission, multi-user (MU) multiple-input and multiple-output (MIMO) transmission or it is orthogonal Frequency division multiple access (OFDMA) is transmitted to transmit.

28. a kind of computer-readable medium, it is stored thereon with the instruction for following operation：

The frame with multiple orthogonal training field sequences is obtained, each orthogonal training field sequence is assigned to different spaces Stream, the frame are more as single user (SU) transmission, multi-user (MU) multiple-input and multiple-output (MIMO) transmission or orthogonal frequency Transmit to obtain in location (OFDMA)；And

At least one of channel estimation or Phase Tracking are performed based on the training field sequence.