CN107750260A - Aldehyde for polyurethane foam removes agent composition - Google Patents

Aldehyde for polyurethane foam removes agent composition Download PDF

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Publication number
CN107750260A
CN107750260A CN201680035004.0A CN201680035004A CN107750260A CN 107750260 A CN107750260 A CN 107750260A CN 201680035004 A CN201680035004 A CN 201680035004A CN 107750260 A CN107750260 A CN 107750260A
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China
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composition
aldehyde
propane
foam
polyurethane foam
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CN201680035004.0A
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CN107750260B (en
Inventor
J·J·博尔德尼尤克
G·S·拉尔
J·E·A·阿尔-拉史德
T·帕尼茨契
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Evonik Operations GmbH
Air Products and Chemicals Inc
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Evonik Degussa GmbH
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    • C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
    • C08G18/06—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
    • C08G18/28—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen characterised by the compounds used containing active hydrogen
    • C08G18/30—Low-molecular-weight compounds
    • C08G18/32—Polyhydroxy compounds; Polyamines; Hydroxyamines
    • C08G18/3225—Polyamines
    • C08G18/3228—Polyamines acyclic
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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    • C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
    • C08G18/06—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
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    • C08G18/0838—Manufacture of polymers in the presence of non-reactive compounds
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    • C08G18/14—Manufacture of cellular products
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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    • C08G18/06—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
    • C08G18/28—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen characterised by the compounds used containing active hydrogen
    • C08G18/30—Low-molecular-weight compounds
    • C08G18/32—Polyhydroxy compounds; Polyamines; Hydroxyamines
    • C08G18/3225—Polyamines
    • C08G18/3234—Polyamines cycloaliphatic
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    • C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
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    • C08G18/28—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen characterised by the compounds used containing active hydrogen
    • C08G18/30—Low-molecular-weight compounds
    • C08G18/32—Polyhydroxy compounds; Polyamines; Hydroxyamines
    • C08G18/3225—Polyamines
    • C08G18/3246—Polyamines heterocyclic, the heteroatom being oxygen or nitrogen in the form of an amino group
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    • C08G18/3271—Hydroxyamines
    • C08G18/3275—Hydroxyamines containing two hydroxy groups
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    • C08G18/28—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen characterised by the compounds used containing active hydrogen
    • C08G18/30—Low-molecular-weight compounds
    • C08G18/34—Carboxylic acids; Esters thereof with monohydroxyl compounds
    • C08G18/341—Dicarboxylic acids, esters of polycarboxylic acids containing two carboxylic acid groups
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    • C08G18/28—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen characterised by the compounds used containing active hydrogen
    • C08G18/40—High-molecular-weight compounds
    • C08G18/48—Polyethers
    • C08G18/4804—Two or more polyethers of different physical or chemical nature
    • C08G18/4816—Two or more polyethers of different physical or chemical nature mixtures of two or more polyetherpolyols having at least three hydroxy groups
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    • C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
    • C08G18/06—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
    • C08G18/28—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen characterised by the compounds used containing active hydrogen
    • C08G18/40—High-molecular-weight compounds
    • C08G18/48—Polyethers
    • C08G18/4829—Polyethers containing at least three hydroxy groups
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    • C08G18/06—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
    • C08G18/28—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen characterised by the compounds used containing active hydrogen
    • C08G18/40—High-molecular-weight compounds
    • C08G18/48—Polyethers
    • C08G18/4833—Polyethers containing oxyethylene units
    • C08G18/4837—Polyethers containing oxyethylene units and other oxyalkylene units
    • C08G18/4841—Polyethers containing oxyethylene units and other oxyalkylene units containing oxyethylene end groups
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    • C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
    • C08G18/06—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
    • C08G18/28—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen characterised by the compounds used containing active hydrogen
    • C08G18/65—Low-molecular-weight compounds having active hydrogen with high-molecular-weight compounds having active hydrogen
    • C08G18/66—Compounds of groups C08G18/42, C08G18/48, or C08G18/52
    • C08G18/6666—Compounds of group C08G18/48 or C08G18/52
    • C08G18/667—Compounds of group C08G18/48 or C08G18/52 with compounds of group C08G18/32 or polyamines of C08G18/38
    • C08G18/6681—Compounds of group C08G18/48 or C08G18/52 with compounds of group C08G18/32 or polyamines of C08G18/38 with compounds of group C08G18/32 or C08G18/3271 and/or polyamines of C08G18/38
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    • C08G18/06—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
    • C08G18/70—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen characterised by the isocyanates or isothiocyanates used
    • C08G18/72—Polyisocyanates or polyisothiocyanates
    • C08G18/74—Polyisocyanates or polyisothiocyanates cyclic
    • C08G18/76—Polyisocyanates or polyisothiocyanates cyclic aromatic
    • C08G18/7657—Polyisocyanates or polyisothiocyanates cyclic aromatic containing two or more aromatic rings
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    • C08G18/72—Polyisocyanates or polyisothiocyanates
    • C08G18/74—Polyisocyanates or polyisothiocyanates cyclic
    • C08G18/76—Polyisocyanates or polyisothiocyanates cyclic aromatic
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    • C08J9/00—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof
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    • C08J9/0023—Use of organic additives containing oxygen
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    • C08J9/00—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof
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    • C08J2375/00—Characterised by the use of polyureas or polyurethanes; Derivatives of such polymers
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  • Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
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  • Polyurethanes Or Polyureas (AREA)
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Abstract

The invention discloses the urethane composition comprising the mixture containing at least two aldehyde scavengers, polyurethane products and the method for manufacturing polyurethane foam.The mixture of the scavenger compounds can reduce the aldehyde release of (if not eliminating) from polyurethane foam.The scavenger compounds include at least one member in following substances group：Phenol or fortified phenol, 1,3 dicarbonyl compounds, the polyamines with 1,3 propane diaminourea functions, melamine, 1,2 diaminourea cycloalkanes, ammonium salt and amino silicone.

Description

Aldehyde for polyurethane foam removes agent composition
This application claims the application No 62/180,113 submitted on June 16th, 2015 rights and interests.Apply for No.62/180, 113 disclosure is incorporated herein by this reference.
Cross reference to related application
The theme of present disclosure and the shared application No PCT/CN2015/081524 phases submitted on June 16th, 2015 Close.PCT/CN2015/081524 disclosure is incorporated herein by this reference.
Technical field
Method the present invention relates to the composition for reducing aldehyde, for manufacturing polyurethane foam and the aldehyde amount with reduction Foam.
Background technology
Generally by making isocyanates and the pre-composition being made up of isocyanate-reactive component such as polyalcohol react and prepare Polyurethane foam combination.The pre-composition optionally also contains other components, as water, fire retardant, foaming agent, stable foam surface Activating agent, crosslinking agent and catalyst are reacted to manufacture CO with promoting isocyanates and polyol reaction to manufacture urethane with water2With Urea, and reacted with excess isocyanate to manufacture isocyanuric acid ester (trimer).Foaming agent in the pre-composition is typically boiling point It is sufficiently low to pass through the liquid or gas of the hot vapour discharged in polymerization process.Available for manufacturing heat-insulated polyurethane foam The example of foaming agent include but is not limited to HFC, hydrogen chlorocarbon, HF hydrocarbon, chlorine fluoroolefins, hydro-chloro fluoroolefin, hydrogen perhaloalkenes, HCFC, formic acid esters and hydrocarbon.The appropriate selection of component and isocyanates in the pre-composition and combination can be used for manufacture spraying, Cast-in-site and for such as refrigerator, refrigerator, hot-water heater, thermal insulation board, garage door, entry door and need heat-insulated other each The polyurethane foam of kind purposes etc purposes.
In the manufacture of polyurethane molding, make polyisocyanates with containing reactive hydrogen compound (such as polyalcohol, uncle or Secondary amine, water) react so that isocyanate equivalent number is substantially equal to the total yield of the reactive hydrogen in the mixture.
Cause automaker to release the increasing worry discharged on the low amounts aldehyde from polyurethane foam to release Put standard.The easy group of US and European polyurethane manufacture commerce and trade is using the peace of " Certipur " program lifting polyurethane foam Entirely, health and environmental performance.When using ASTM method D5116-97 (the cell method that 16 hours are nursed one's health using room) measurement, formaldehyde Release limit value is 0.1mg/m.
NIOSH and OSHA specifies aldehyde exposure limits, including especially for formaldehyde and the limit value of acetaldehyde.These exposure limits Great to automobile and block industrial significance, these industry are making great efforts the air product of raising automobile cabin and bedding material on the whole Matter.The end user of automobile and bedding material is likely to be exposed at the VOC (VOC) that may be discharged from the foam, Including aldehyde.
JAMA (JAMA) has been acknowledged that several VOC (including formaldehyde and acetaldehyde) are to cause foam to discharge Factor.Automobile foam be may require by measuring the Oven experiments of these aldehyde.It is required that block foam is released by measuring formaldehyde The CertiPUR/LGA/-EUROPUR/IKEA experiments put.Therefore need that the poly- of much lower aldehyde amount will be discharged in this field Urethane foam and the material for manufacturing this class A foam A.
One example of conventional foam manufacture material is disclosed in U.S.6, and in 540,936 B1, it is claimed to use absorption Polyethylene polyamine on to silica is used as from resin fibre, such as polyester, nylon, polyurethane and other natural and synthesis material The carrier of aldehyde is absorbed in material.Because these are solid aldehyde scavengers, they cannot be used for manufacturing polyurethane foam, because manufacturing Pumping and mixing liquid material are typically only capable in the commercial run of polyurethane products.The B1 of EP 1,428,847 describe use and contained The method that the polymeric material of primary and secondary amines group reduces the formaldehyde from polyurethane foam.In U.S.2006/0141236 A1, Formaldehyde and acetaldehyde release from polyurethane foam are reduced using the compound containing hydrazine.Hydrazine is poisonous and volatile, so as to limit Make their use.The mixture of claimed phenols and phosphate antioxidant is used as and prevented in the B2 of EP 1,874,853 The compound that aldehyde in polyurethane foam and precursor is formed.Although these phenol antioxidant prevent the oxygen by polyurethane precursor Change forms aldehyde, but these antioxidants do not remove for manufacture polyurethane foam " pre-composition " solution in already present aldehyde. In U.S.2009/0326089 A1, the compound containing acylamino- and cyano group in identical molecule is described as urethane composition In formaldehyde scavenger.The reduction of aldehyde needs a large amount of claimed molecules.Described in U.S.2011/0009512 A1 The combination of primary amino-compound and tertiary amine catalyst is to reduce the Form aldehyde release from polyurethane foam, but this scheme can not be reduced Other aldehyde, such as acetaldehyde.It is industrial to need to reduce formaldehyde, acetaldehyde and methacrylaldehyde release.Goh et al. is in U.S.7,879,928 B2 Describe by the way that phenol antioxidant, amine antioxidants, benzofuran-2-ones and phosphite ester or phosphinate are incorporated into Method for preventing the aldehyde pollutants in polyurethane and precursor from being formed in the preparaton of polyurethane production.Haas et al. exists The formaldehyde reduced using the compound containing semicarbazides in polyurethane foam is claimed in U.S.2012/0184639 A1.Work Need to reduce formaldehyde, acetaldehyde and methacrylaldehyde release in industry.The A2 of WO 2013/156237 describe to be used for using the additive containing guanidine Formaldehyde is removed from polyurethane system.Aldehyde scavenger is also disclosed that in U.S.2009/0227758, but it has in polyalcohol With the limitation that additive is required in isocyanates.The A1 of WO 2015/050876 pre-process and reprocessed amine catalyst to reduce Aldehyde discharges.
Patents and patent applicationss proposed above are incorporated herein by this reference.
The content of the invention
Summary of the invention
The present invention can solve the problems, such as by providing the mixture of aldehyde scavenger related to traditional composition and method.This Disclosure of the invention is related to aldehyde scavenger composition, its can be used for manufacture it is low or without aldehyde release flexible polyurethane foams and hard every Thermal polyurethane foam, it is with containing polyethers, polyester, Mannich polyol and the system of organic halogen-containing flame retardant and foaming agent It is made.Can by by one or more aldehyde scavengers be incorporated into for generate foam " premix " preparaton in realize this reduction Aldehyde release." low or without release " refers to when testing foam sample according to GM test methods GMW 15635-2012 described below When, using foam made of the scavenger of the present invention, the formaldehyde from the foam or acetaldehyde release or Form aldehyde release are not less than greatly About 2 μ g/g foams；Less than about 0.1 μ g/g foams, less than about 1.0 μ g/g foams, less than about 1.5 μ g/g foams；With It is less than about 0.35 μ g/g foams less than about 0.25 μ g/g foams and acetaldehyde release under certain situation；Less than about 0.05 μ g/g Foam；Less than about 1.0 μ g/g foams；It is less than about 2.0 μ g/g foams in some cases.In addition, " low or without release " Also refer to and tested when according to 10L bags method described below (Q/BYD-1901.771-2012 (BYD) or (the method #2 of NES 0402)) During foam sample, using foam made of the scavenger of the present invention, the formaldehyde from the foam or acetaldehyde do not discharge, or formaldehyde Release is less than about 165 μ g/m3；Less than about 1.0 μ g/m3, less than about 50 μ g/m3, less than about 75 μ g/m3Foam and It is less than about 82 μ g/m less than about 25 μ g/g foams and acetaldehyde release under certain situation3, less than about 2 μ g/m3, less than about 50μg/m3It is less than about 40 μ g/m in some cases3." μ g/m in this disclosure3" and " ug/m3" be used interchangeably And refer to the micrograms of every cubic metre of (m3) aerometer aldehyde." mixture " refers to blend, mix or otherwise merge two Kind or more kind aldehyde scavenger so that each aldehyde scavenger keep detecting in the mixture (such as the mixture can include it is not anti- The scavenger answered, or the reaction product of scavenger and unreacted scavenger).It is not intended to be subject to any theory or explains, But believe that the aldehyde of the present invention removes agent composition and can interact or react with aldehyde, aldehyde is thus changed into another material or by aldehyde It is trapped in the foam.
The aldehyde that one aspect of the present invention is related to the mixture comprising at least two members in following material group is clear Except agent：
A) phenol or fortified phenol
B) 1,3- dicarbonyl compounds
C) polyamines of 1,3- propane diaminourea functions is carried
D) melamine
E) 1,2- diaminourea cycloalkanes
F) ammonium salt；With
I) amino silicone.
Another aspect of the present invention is related to the combination of the aldehyde scavenger as described below selected from preceding lists：
The mixture of two kinds of aldehyde scavengers of following combination：
1. the mixture of phenol or fortified phenol and 1,3 dicarbonyl compounds
2. phenol or fortified phenol and the mixture of the compound with 1,3- propane diaminourea functions
3. the mixture of phenol or fortified phenol and melamine
4. phenol or fortified phenol and the mixture of 1,2- diaminocyclohexanes
5. the mixture of phenol or fortified phenol and ammonium salt
6. 1,3- dicarbonyl compounds and the mixture of 1,3- propane diaminourea functions
7. the mixture of 1,3- dicarbonyl compounds and melamine
8. 1,3- dicarbonyl compounds and the mixture of 1,2- diaminocyclohexanes
9. the mixture of 1,3- dicarbonyl compounds and ammonium salt
10. the mixture of compound and melamine with 1,3- propane diaminourea functions
11. the mixture of compound and 1,2- diaminocyclohexanes with 1,3- propane diaminourea functions
12. the mixture of compound and ammonium salt with 1,3- propane diaminourea functions
13. melamine and the mixture of 1,2- diaminocyclohexanes
14. the mixture of melamine and ammonium salt
15. the mixture of 1,2- diaminocyclohexanes and ammonium salt
16. the mixture of phenol or fortified phenol and amino silicone
17. the mixture of 1,3- dicarbonyl compounds and amino silicone
18. the mixture of compound and amino silicone with 1,3- propane diaminourea functions
19. the mixture of melamine and amino silicone
20. the mixture of 1,2- diaminocyclohexanes and amino silicone
21. the mixture of ammonium salt and amino silicone.
The mixture of three kinds of aldehyde scavengers of following combination：
1. phenol or fortified phenol and 1,3 dicarbonyl compounds and the compound with 1,3- propane diaminourea functions is mixed Compound
2. phenol or fortified phenol and the mixture of 1,3 dicarbonyl compounds and melamine
3. phenol or fortified phenol and 1,3- dicarbonyl compounds and the mixture of 1,2- diaminocyclohexanes
4. phenol or fortified phenol and 1,3- dicarbonyl compounds and the mixture of ammonium salt
5. phenol or fortified phenol and compound and the mixture of melamine with 1,3- propane diaminourea functions
6. phenol or fortified phenol and the compound with 1,3- propane diaminourea functions and 1,2- diaminocyclohexanes Mixture
7. phenol or fortified phenol and compound and the mixture of ammonium salt with 1,3- propane diaminourea functions
8. phenol or fortified phenol and melamine and the mixture of 1,2- diaminocyclohexanes
9. phenol or fortified phenol and melamine and the mixture of ammonium salt
10. phenol or fortified phenol and 1,2- diaminocyclohexanes and the mixture of ammonium salt
11. 1,3- dicarbonyl compounds and the compound with 1,3- propane diaminourea functions and the mixing of melamine Thing
12. 1,3- dicarbonyl compounds and compound and 1,2- diaminocyclohexanes with 1,3- propane diaminourea Mixture
13. 1,3- dicarbonyl compounds and compound and the mixture of ammonium salt with 1,3- propane diaminourea
14. 1,3- dicarbonyl compounds and melamine and the mixture of 1,2- diaminocyclohexanes
15. 1,3- dicarbonyl compounds and melamine and the mixture of ammonium salt
16. 1,3- dicarbonyl compounds and 1,2- diaminocyclohexanes and the mixture of ammonium salt
17. compound and melamine and the mixture of 1,2- diaminocyclohexanes with 1,3- propane diaminourea functions
18. compound and melamine and the mixture of ammonium salt with 1,3- propane diaminourea functions
19. compound and 1,2- diaminocyclohexanes and the mixture of ammonium salt with 1,3- propane diaminourea functions
20. melamine and 1,2- diaminocyclohexanes and the mixture of ammonium salt
21. phenol or fortified phenol and the mixture of 1,3 dicarbonyl compounds and amino silicone
22. 1,3- dicarbonyl compounds are with carrying the compound of 1,3- propane diaminourea functions and mixing for amino silicone Compound
23. compound and melamine and the mixture of amino silicone with 1,3- propane diaminourea functions
24. melamine and 1,2- diaminocyclohexanes and the mixture of amino silicone.
The mixture of four kinds of aldehyde scavengers containing following combination：
1. phenol or fortified phenol and 1,3 dicarbonyl compounds, the compound and three with 1,3- propane diaminourea functions The mixture of poly cyanamid
2. phenol or fortified phenol and 1,3 dicarbonyl compounds, the compound and 1 with 1,3- propane diaminourea functions, The mixture of 2- diaminocyclohexanes
3. phenol or fortified phenol and 1,3 dicarbonyl compounds, compound and ammonium with 1,3- propane diaminourea functions The mixture of salt.
Another aspect of the present invention be related to comprising with it is at least one be used for manufacture polyurethane other compounds combine to The composition of the mixture of few two kinds of aldehyde scavengers.For example, the aldehyde removing agent composition of the present invention can be with including polyalcohol Pre-composition and the in some cases combination of at least one of pre-composition comprising isocyanate compound.The aldehyde scavenger is preferred Do not reacted with the non-aldehyde compound for manufacturing polyurethane.
One aspect of the present invention be related to the mixture comprising at least two aldehyde scavengers, at least one catalyst and optionally The composition of at least one diluent.
One aspect of the present invention is directed to use with the polyurethane formulations manufacture polyurethane foam comprising following component：
1. including the mixture of at least two aldehyde scavengers, it can be the combination of one of following compounds or compound：
A. phenol or fortified phenol
B.1,3- dicarbonyl compound
C. the polyamines of 1,3- propane diaminourea functions is carried
D. melamine
E.1,2- diaminourea cycloalkanes
F. ammonium salt；With
G. amino silicone
2. at least one polyalcohol
3. the compound containing isocyanate reactive hydrogen atoms
4. water and other foaming agents
5. catalyst
6. surfactant
7. additive, pigment or fire retardant
8. diisocyanate or polyisocyanate compound
It is generally liquid at ambient conditions that the aldehyde, which removes agent composition,.The aldehyde, which removes agent composition, can account for pre-composition combination The about 0.05pphp of thing to about 2.0pphp, about 1pphp are to about 2pphp and about 1.5pphp to about 2.0pphp.
One aspect of the present invention be related to the mixture comprising at least two aldehyde scavengers, at least one polyalcohol, water and The composition of at least one amine catalyst.
Another aspect of the present invention is related to above-mentioned aspect, wherein aldehyde removing agent composition includes and is selected from following material group In at least two members：Phenol or 5-substituted phenol compounds, 1,3- dicarbonyl compounds, with 1,3- propane diaminourea functions Polyamines, melamine, 1,2- diaminourea cycloalkanes, ammonium salt and amino silicone.
Another aspect of the present invention is related to any above-mentioned aspect, wherein aldehyde removing agent composition includes and is selected from following thing At least one member in matter group：Phenol, anacardol, 2- methylphenols, 4- methylphenols, 4-TBP, 2- methoxyl groups Phenol, 4- metoxyphenols, trihydroxy benzene (phloroglucin) and 4- nonyl phenols.
Another aspect of the present invention is related to any above-mentioned aspect, wherein aldehyde removing agent composition includes and is selected from following thing At least one member in matter group：Diethyl malonate, dimethyl malenate, 2,4- pentanediones, hydroresorcinol malonyl Amine and N, N, N ' N '-tetramethyl malonamide.
Another aspect of the present invention is related to any above-mentioned aspect, wherein aldehyde removing agent composition includes and is selected from following thing At least one member in matter group：Propanediamine, 1- benzyl -1,3- propanediamines, isotridecyloxypropylpolyoxyethylene polyoxyethylene base propyl group -1,3- diaminourea Propane, dodecyloxy propyl group -1,3- diaminopropanes and hexyloxy propyl group -1,3- diaminopropanes, 1,3- propanediamines, and N '-(2- (3- amino propyl aminos)-ethyl)-propane 1,3- diamines, N, N ', N "-three-(3- aminopropyls) -4- aminopropyls - 1,8- octanediamines and N, N '-bis--(3- aminopropyls)-propane 1,3- diamines, N '-{ 2- [2- (3- Amino-propylaminos)-second Base amino]-ethyl }-propane -1,3- diamines and N '-[2- (3- Amino-propylaminos)-ethyl]-propane -1,3- diamines.
Another aspect of the present invention is related to any above-mentioned aspect, wherein the aldehyde scavenger is included in following material group At least one member：Propanediamine, 1,3- propanediamines and N '-(2- (3- amino propyl aminos)-ethyl)-propane 1,3- bis- Amine, N, N ', N "-three-(3- aminopropyls) -4- aminopropyl -1,8- octanediamines and N, N '-bis--(3- aminopropyls)-propane 1,3- diamines, N '-{ 2- [2- (3- Amino-propylaminos)-ethylamino]-ethyl }-propane -1,3- diamines and N '-[2- (3- Amino-propylamino)-ethyl]-propane -1,3- diamines.
Another aspect of the present invention is related to any above-mentioned aspect, wherein the aldehyde, which removes agent composition, includes melamine.
Another aspect of the present invention is related to any above-mentioned aspect, wherein the aldehyde, which removes agent composition, includes 1,2- diaminourea Hexamethylene.
Another aspect of the present invention is related to any above-mentioned aspect, wherein aldehyde removing agent composition includes and is selected from following thing At least one member in matter group：Ammonium carbonate, ammonium chloride and ammonium nitrate.
Another aspect of the present invention is related to any above-mentioned aspect and further includes at least one diluent.
One aspect of the present invention is related to comprising any above-mentioned aldehyde scavenger blend composition, at least one amine catalyst With the composition of at least one diluent.
One aspect of the present invention is related to a kind of method for manufacturing polyurethane foam, and methods described includes making at least one more First alcohol and at least one diisocyanate are in 1) at least one foaming agent, 2) at least one amine catalyst and 3) any above-mentioned mixing Contact and react in the presence of compositions.
Another aspect of the present invention is related to a kind of method for manufacturing polyurethane foam, and methods described includes reaction and merged 1) extremely A kind of few polyalcohol, 2) at least one foaming agent, 3) at least one amine catalyst and 4) any said mixture composition, and with At least one polyisocyanates contact, thus makes polyalcohol and polyisocyanates react to manufacture polyurethane foam.
Another aspect of the present invention is related to by polyurethane foam made of any above method.
Another aspect of the present invention is related to any above-mentioned polyurethane foam, wherein the foam includes low release foam.
Another aspect of the present invention is related to any above-mentioned polyurethane foam, wherein the foam is included without release foam.
Another aspect of the present invention is related to the purposes that any above-mentioned composition is used to manufacture polyurethane foam.
The various aspects and embodiment of the present invention can be used alone or be combined with each other use.
Detailed description of the invention
The present invention provides method, urethane composition, polyurethane products and the method for manufacturing polyurethane foam of the present invention. The embodiment of present disclosure can be by the way that the mixture of aldehyde scavenger be incorporated into for manufacturing matching somebody with somebody for foam as described above The aldehyde release from polyurethane foam is reduced in preparation.Verified substantially reduce of these compounds comes from (if not eliminating) The aldehyde of these foams discharges and met in some cases or better than industrial release standard.
The scavenger of the present invention can be used for manufacturing diversified foam, including hard heat-insulating foam, and be particularly useful for Spray foam, electrical equipment are heat-insulated, heat insualting building plate and the various other insulation products containing closed pore hard polyurethane foams.The present invention Including the isocyanate index with about 20 and about 500, about 50 to about 270 and generally about 70 to about 150 Foam.The present invention includes having about 5 to about 600, about 100 to about 600 and in some cases about 50 to about The polyalcohol of 100 OH values.
Removing agent composition described in the present invention can use with any suitable blowing agent combination containing halogen.It can be used for Manufacture the foaming agent of heat-insulated polyurethane foam example include but is not limited to HFC, hydrogen chlorocarbon, HF hydrocarbon, hydro-chloro fluoroolefin, Hydrogen perhaloalkenes, HCFC, formic acid esters and hydrocarbon.The example of hydrogen halogen alkene foaming agent is HFO-1234ze (anti-form-1,3,3,3- Tetrafluoro propyl- 1- alkene), HFO-1234yf (2,3,3,3- tetrafluoropropenes) and HFCO-1233zd (1- propylene, the chloro- 3,3,3- tri- of 1- Fluorine), and other HFO.The amount of foaming agent can be about 0.5pphp to about 5pphp, about 5pphp to about 20pphp About 20pphp to about 50pphp in some cases.
One aspect of the present invention can be used for manufacture with flexible polyurethane foams low or without aldehyde release, the polyurethane foam Foam is used for mobile applications, such as automotive seat, handrail, headrest, steering wheel and the various other products with perforate flexible foam.This Invention includes referring to about 60 to about 200, about 70 isocyanates to about 180 and generally about 70 to about 150 Several foams.The present invention includes the polyalcohol of the OH values with about 5 to about 600.Flexible foam usually using comprising water or Substantially the foaming agent being made up of water manufactures.
In one embodiment, aldehyde removes agent composition 1a and includes phenol or fortified phenol, (coming from above-mentioned list), its By following representations：
One or more substituents on R=phenol.This can be the alkyl of H, OH, 1-20 carbon atoms, with miscellaneous original Son such as N, S, O alkyl.The substituent can be in the ortho position relative to OH groups, meta or para position.In this embodiment The not claimed phenol antioxidant with the be obstructed butyl alkyl adjacent with hydroxyl, such as Yoshinox BHT and butylation Hydroxyanisol.
The example of such compound includes at least one member in following material group：Phenol, anacardol, 2- methylphenols, 4- methylphenols, 4-TBP, 2- metoxyphenols, 4- metoxyphenols and 4- nonyl phenols.It is preferred that Compound is anacardol, 4-TBP and 4- nonyl phenols, trihydroxy benzene (phloroglucin).Most preferably anacardol, Phloroglucin and 4- nonyl phenols.
In another embodiment, the aldehyde removes agent composition and includes 1,3- dicarbapentaborane.1b this compound can be by such as Chemical constitution represents shown in lower：
X, Y=alkyl, aryl, NR2(R=H, alkyl, aryl).The 1,3- dicarbapentaborane can also reside in five yuan or hexatomic ring In.The example of such compound includes at least one member in following material group：Diethyl malonate, malonic acid dimethyl Ester, 2,4- pentanediones, hydroresorcinol malonamide, N, N, N ' N '-tetramethyl malonamide.Preferable 1,3- dicarbapentaborane Compound is 2,4- pentanediones and hydroresorcinol.Most preferably hydroresorcinol.
In another embodiment, the aldehyde removes agent composition and carries 1,3- propane diaminourea functions comprising at least one 1c polyamines.This can be represented by having structure：
R, R1 can be H, alkyl or aryl alkyl.R2 and R3 can be alkyl or aryl.
Multiple 1,3- propane amine groups, such as having structure may be present in identical molecule：
The example of 1c such polyamines includes at least one member in following material group：1- benzyl -1,3- propane Diamines, isotridecyloxypropylpolyoxyethylene polyoxyethylene base propyl group -1,3- diaminopropanes, dodecyloxy propyl group -1,3- diaminopropanes and hexyloxy third Base -1,3- diaminopropanes.Preferable 1,3- propane diamino compounds are 1- benzyl -1,3- propanediamines, isotridecyloxypropylpolyoxyethylene polyoxyethylene Base propyl group -1,3- diaminopropanes, dodecyloxy propyl group -1,3- diaminopropanes and hexyloxy propyl group -1,3- diaminourea third Alkane, N, N ', N "-three-(3- aminopropyls) -4- aminopropyl -1,8- octanediamines and N, N '-bis--(3- aminopropyls)-propane 1,3- diamines, N '-{ 2- [2- (3- Amino-propylaminos)-ethylamino]-ethyl }-propane -1,3- diamines and N '-[2- (3- Amino-propylamino)-ethyl]-propane -1,3- diamines.
Most preferred 1,3- propane diamino compounds are isotridecyloxypropylpolyoxyethylene polyoxyethylene base propyl group -1,3- diaminopropanes, N, N ', N "-three-(3- aminopropyls) -4- aminopropyl -1,8- octanediamines, N, N '-bis--(3- aminopropyls)-propane 1,3- diamines, N '-{ 2- [2- (3- Amino-propylaminos)-ethylamino]-ethyl }-propane -1,3- diamines and N '-[2- (3- amino-propyls Amino)-ethyl]-propane -1,3- diamines.
In another embodiment, the removing agent composition includes melamine (1d).
In another embodiment, the removing agent composition includes 1,2- diaminocyclohexanes (1e).
The aldehyde, which removes agent composition, can include ammonium salt (1f).These example includes ammonium carbonate, ammonium chloride, ammonium nitrate.Most Preferable ammonium salt is ammonium carbonate.
In another embodiment, the aldehyde removes agent composition and includes at least one amino silicone and alkanol amino Siloxanes.Amino silicone and the description of alkanol amino silicone are in the following documents U.S.2013/ being incorporated herein by this reference In 0017359 A1, U.S.5,707,435, GB 1363069, U.S.3,565,936 and U.S.2014/0054228 A1.Amino The example of siloxanes includes at least one member in following material group：N- (2- amino-ethyls) -3- aminopropyl front threes TMOS, N- (aminoethylaminomethyl) phenyltrimethoxysila,e, (2- of N- (2- amino-ethyls) -3- aminopropyls three Ethyl hexyl oxy) it is-silane, 3- TSL 8330s, trimethoxysilyl-propyl diethylenetriamines, double (2- ethoxys) -3- TSL 8330s etc..
In one embodiment, the present invention relates to include the mixture containing at least two aldehyde scavengers, polyalcohol group Point, the pre-composition of at least one surface active agent composition, at least one Blowing agent composition and at least one crosslinking component.This is more First alkoxide component include one or more standard multiple alcohol, one or more natural oil polyols, one or more PEPAs, One or more Mannich polyols or its combination.Mannich base by 1) carbonyls, 2) primary or secondary amine and 3) have can The organic compound of enolization acidic hydrogen, such as phenol, ketone, but the condensation reaction for being most often phenol and fortified phenol obtains.Manny Uncommon alkali can be used as the initiator of the alkoxylation with oxirane and expoxy propane, and Mannich polyol is referred to as to produce The PPG containing amine.Scavenger total amount can be about 0.001 to about 5pphp.Both aldehyde scavengers it is mutual Ratio can be about 0.1 to about 10.The amount of polyalcohol can be about 80pphp to about 100pphp, about 80pphp To about 50pphp and in some cases about 50pphp to about 10pphp.The amount of surfactant can be about 0.10pphp to about 10pphp, about 0.20pphp to about 8.0pphp and in some cases about 0.5pphp to about 3.0pphp.Blowing agent composition can be about 1pphp to about 30pphp, about 5pphp to about 20pphp and in some feelings About 8pphp to about 15pphp under condition.Crosslinking component can be about 0.20pphp to about 10pphp, about 0.5pphp about 0.5pphp to about 3.0pphp to about 5pphp and in some cases.The pre-composition can use any Suitable condition is formed, and all components is such as mixed in the reaction vessel equipped with mechanical agitator, or be simply mixed in rotary drum All Premix Components and before sealing these components of mechanical mixture in rotary drum.
In one embodiment, standard multiple alcohol includes PPG.In one embodiment, standard multiple alcohol About 0pphp to about 100pphp, about 0pphp to about 80pphp and in some cases about 20pphp to about Used in the range of 60pphp.In one embodiment, natural oil polyols with more than about 0 to about 40pphp, be more than About 0 to about 20pphp and in some cases more than about 0pphp to about 10pphp amount use.In an embodiment party In case, standard multiple alcohol is used alone and it is PEPA.In one embodiment, PEPA is with about 0pphp to 100pphp, about the 10pphp about 20pphp to about 60pphp to about 80pphp and in some cases amount Use.In one embodiment, Mannich polyol is with other polyhydric alcohol conjugates and in 0pphp to 80pphp, about 0pphp Used to about 50pphp and in some cases in the range of about 0pphp to about 20pphp.
In one embodiment, the pre-composition is further comprising at least one of following material：Water, cell stabilization It is agent, chain extender, pigment, filler, fire retardant, auxiliary urethane gelation catalyst, auxiliary urethane kicker, transition metal-catalyzed Agent or its combination.The amount of these above-mentioned materials can be about 0.1pphp to about 10pphp, about 10pphp to about 30pphp and in some cases about 30pphp are to about 50pphp.As described below, in some embodiments, the pre-composition Including by any suitable equipment and program (including those described above) and/or in any suitable part of this method The annexing ingredient of merging.
The pre-composition of the present invention can include any suitable foaming stabilizer, include but is not limited to, organosilicone surfactant Agent, anion surfactant or its combination.In one embodiment, the foaming stabilizer is organic silicon surfactant, Dimethyl polysiloxane, the poly- silica of dimethyl of alkylene glycol modification being modified such as polyalkylsiloxane, polyoxyalkylene polyol Alkane or its combination.In one embodiment, the foaming stabilizer is anion surfactant, such as soap, sulfuric ester Salt, phosphate ester salt, sulfonate or its combination.
In one embodiment, the pre-composition includes the foaming stabilizer of suitable scheduled volume.Suitable cation form Face activating agent includes but is not limited to quaternary ammonium salt (pH dependences are permanently charged), such as cetyltrimethylammonium chloride, chlorination Cetyl pyridinium, polyethoxylated tallow amine, benzalkonium chloride, benzethonium chloride etc..Suitable amphion or amphoteric surface Activating agent includes but is not limited to sulfobetaines, amino acid, imino acid, glycine betaine and phosphate.Suitable non-ionic surface Activating agent includes but is not limited to fatty alcohol, polyoxyethylene glycol alkyl ether, polyoxypropylene glycol alkyl ether, glucoside (such as Decyl, dodecyl and octyl glucoside), polyoxyethylene glycol alkyl phenol ether, glycol Arrcostab etc..All foaming stabilizers Suitable scheduled volume include but is not limited to about 0.1pphp to about 20pphp, 0.1pphp to about 10pphp, 0.1pphp To about 5pphp or their any suitable combination or sub-combination.
The pre-composition of the present invention can include at least one crosslinking agent.Suitable crosslinking agent (forming part or all of crosslinking) Low molecular weight compound including but not limited to containing at least two isocyanate-reactive structure divisions, the structure division is such as Hydroxyl, primary amino radical, secondary amino group, it is other can with isocyanate groups react containing the group of reactive hydrogen or its combine.In a reality Apply in scheme, the crosslinking agent is polyalcohol (such as trihydroxylic alcohol, such as glycerine or trimethylolpropane), polyamines or its combination.At this Crosslinking agent is in an embodiment of polyamines, and the crosslinking agent is diethyl toluene diamine, chlorine diaminobenzene, diethanol amine, two Isopropanolamine, triethanolamine, tripropanol amine, 1,6- hexane diamines or its combination.It is an embodiment party of diamines in the crosslinking agent In case, the crosslinking agent includes 12 or less carbon atoms, 7 carbon atoms or less than 7 carbon atoms.The amount of crosslinking agent can be big About 0.20pphp to about 10pphp, about 0.5pphp to about 5pphp and in some cases about 0.5pphp to about 3.0pphp。
The pre-composition of the present invention can include at least one chain extender.Suitable chain extender include but is not limited to hydroxyl or The compound of amido functional group, such as glycol (glycol), amine, dihydric alcohol (diol), water or its combination.In an embodiment In, the chain extender is ethylene glycol, diethylene glycol, propane diols, DPG, BDO, 1,3-BDO, 1,5- penta 2 Alcohol, neopentyl glycol, 1,6-HD, 1,10- decanediols, 1,12- dodecanediols, ethoxylated hydroquinone, 1,4- cyclohexanediols, N- methylethanolamines, N- methyl isopropyls hydramine, 4- aminocyclohexanols, 1,2- diaminoethanes, 2,4- toluenediamines or its combination. The amount of chain extender can be about 0.20pphp to about 10pphp, about 0.5pphp to about 5pphp and in some cases About 0.5pphp to about 3.0pphp.
The pre-composition of the present invention can include at least one pigment.Suitable pigment includes but is not limited to, organic pigment, inorganic Pigment or its combination.The pigment allows to colour (such as matching color grade), covering (such as covering yellow) or its combination.At this Pigment is that the pigment is azo/diazo dyes, phthalocyanine, two in an embodiment of organic pigmentPiperazine, carbon black or its group Close.In the embodiment that the pigment is inorganic pigment, the pigment is titanium dioxide, iron oxide, chromium oxide or its combination. The amount of pigment can be about 0pphp to about 10pphp, about 0pphp to about 5pphp and in some cases about 0.1pphp to about 3.0pphp.
The pre-composition of the present invention can include at least one filler.Suitable filler improves the density and load of polyurethane foam Property.In one embodiment, the filler is barium sulfate, calcium carbonate or its combination.The amount of filler can be about 0pphp extremely About 20pphp, about the 0pphp about 1.0pphp to about 5.0pphp to about 10pphp and in some cases.
The pre-composition of the present invention can include at least one fire retardant.Suitable fire retardant reduces the flammable of polyurethane foam Property.In one embodiment, the fire retardant is chlorinated phosphate, chlorinated paraffin, melamine powder or its combination.At one In embodiment, the pre-composition includes any proper amount of fire retardant.Suitable amount includes but is not limited to about 0pphp to about 30pphp, about 0pphp to about 20pphp, about 0pphp to about 10pphp, about 1pphp to about 20pphp, about 1pphp to about 10pphp, about 1pphp are to about 5pphp or their any suitable combination or sub-combination.
In one embodiment, manufactured composition is urethane composition.In this embodiment, this method relates to And the pre-composition for including the amine composition of the present invention is set to be reacted with isocyanates to form urethane composition.Urethane composition Formation including the use of legacy equipment and method, such as DOW POLYURETHANES Flexible Foams, Ron Those described in Herrington and Kathy Hock, Dow Plastics 1997, merge isocyanate component and the premix Thing.These components merge the scheduled time (such as about 6 under pre- fixed blade rotary speed (such as about 6,000 rev/min) Second), or its combination.Or the formation of urethane composition merges isocyanate component with being somebody's turn to do including the use of spray foam equipment Pre-composition, it is consisted of：All components are contacted in the mixing head of flush coater under high pressure.
In one embodiment, isocyanate component shows chemistry with stoichiometric proportion or greatly with the premix composition Metering is than merging.In one embodiment, the stoichiometric proportion is based on nco index.Nco index is that isocyanate equivalent number removes With the total unit of reactive hydrogen, 100 are multiplied by (such as based on nco index be [NCO/ (OH+NH)] * 100).The urethane composition Including nco index within a predetermined range.In one embodiment, the preset range is between about 20 to about 500. In one embodiment, if the urethane composition is used to manufacture spray foam application, the scope is about 20 to about 500 Between.For other purposes, the nco index can be about 50 to about 300, about 80 to about 250 and about 90 to big About 110.In one embodiment, the urethane composition is used together with catalyst for trimerization is used for foam lamination material to manufacture The polyisocyanurate foam of material and the scope including being suitable to the purposes.
The isocyanate component includes any suitable organic isocyanate compound.Suitable organic isocyanate chemical combination Thing includes but is not limited at least one of following material：Hexamethylene diisocyanate (HDI), phenylene diisocyanate (PDI), Toluene di-isocyanate(TDI) (TDI), 4,4' diphenylmethane diisocyanate (MDI), IPDI (IPDI) or its Combination.In one embodiment, the isocyanate component includes 2,4-TDI, 2,6-TDI or its combination.In an embodiment party In case, the isocyanate component includes the 2,6-TDI of by weight about 80%2,4-TDI and about 20% or surplus.One In individual embodiment, the isocyanate component includes rough MDI, such as about 60%4,4'-MDI and/or stoichiometric amount together with The mixture of other isomers and similar higher level polyisocyanates.Other suitable isocyanates are shown and described in the U.S. Patent No.4, in 394,491, the full text is incorporated herein by reference for it.
In one embodiment, the pre-composition includes at least about 20% polyalcohol, about 0.5% by weight to big About 10% surfactant, about 1% to about 30% be Blowing agent composition, about 0.5% to about 4% be bridging property group Point, about 0.25% to about 15% be carbon monoxide-olefin polymeric, the isocyanate component amount based on nco index is about 20 to big About 500.In further embodiment, the polyol component includes PPG, natural oil polyols and/or polyester polyols Alcohol.In one embodiment, PPG has about 500 to about 20,000 mean molecule quantity and/or about 400 To about 10 hydroxyl value, the hydroxyl value of more preferably 2000 to 5000 mean molecule quantity and/or about 50 to about 20.
In one embodiment, (such as about 70pphp is the polyol component of the pre-composition including about 100pphp PEPA and/or about 30pphp are Mannich polyols), about 2.0pphp be surface active agent composition, about 1.5pphp is water, and isocyanate component has about 180 nco index.The pre-composition also includes the catalyst group of the present invention Compound.In further embodiment, the fire retardant of the pre-composition including about 30pphp (such as tricresyl phosphate-(2- chloropropyls) Ester), 20pphp foaming agent, 1.0pphp metallic catalysts and 0.10pphp to 10pphp catalyst for trimerization.
Base polyol in the pre-composition is reacted with isocyanates to manufacture polyurethane foam combination.In an implementation In scheme, the Base polyol is PPG.Suitable PPG be shown and described the A1 of WO 03/016373, 04/060956 A1, the WO 03/016372 in the A1 and A1 of WO 03/055930 of A1, WO of WO 01/58976, these documents are each From the full text is incorporated herein by reference.In one embodiment, the PPG is poly- (alkylene oxide) polymer, such as poly- (oxirane), poly- (expoxy propane) and/or with derived from polyol (such as glycol and triol) terminal hydroxyl Copolymer.In one embodiment, glycol and triol used are ethylene glycol, propane diols, 1,3-BDO, Isosorbide-5-Nitrae-fourth two Alcohol, 1,6-HD, neopentyl glycol, diethylene glycol, DPG, pentaerythrite, glycerine, diglycerol, trimethylolpropane, its Its suitable low molecular weight polyols or its combination.In one embodiment, the PPG is or sealed including polyhydroxy The acetal resin at end, hydroxy-end capped amine, hydroxy-end capped polyamines or its combination.In one embodiment, the base polyol Alcohol is or including polyalkylene carbonate polylol, phosphate-based polyalcohol or its combination.
In one embodiment, the Base polyol includes single high molecular weight polyether.In another embodiment party In case, the Base polyol includes the mixed of the high molecular weight polyether each with different molecular weight or different chemical compositions Compound.In this embodiment, the Base polyol includes two functions and trifunctional material, such as, but not limited to poly- second two Alcohol, polypropylene glycol, glyceryl polyether triol, trimethylolpropane base polyether triol, other similar compounds or mixture, or It is combined.
In one embodiment, polyureas is formed by the reaction of diamines and diisocyanate in the presence of polyalcohol is originated Modified polyalcohol.In this embodiment, the polyalcohol of the polyurea modified includes polyurea dispersions.In an embodiment In, the polyalcohol of the polyurea modified is or including the poly- addition of polyisocyanates (PIPA) polyalcohol, such as by isocyanates and chain Reaction of the alkanolamine in polyalcohol is originated be formed in situ those.
In one embodiment, the Base polyol is or including natural oil polyols.Generally, natural oil polyols are not It is too expensive and come from renewable resource, thus environmental benefit is provided.Natural oil polyols are included with 12 to 24 carbon chain lengths The triglycerides of saturation and/or unsaturated acids.Saturated acid is laurate, myristic acid, palmitic acid, stearic acid, arachidic acid, 20 Four alkanoic acids or its combination.Unsaturated acids is monounsaturated (such as palmitoleic acid, oleic acid or its combination) and/or how unsaturated (such as linoleic acid, leukotrienes, arachidonic acid or its combination).A kind of natural oil polyols are that castor oil-be usually used in manufacture is poly- The ester of natural glycerin three of the castor oil acid of urethane foam, that is, make it have some limitations, such as low hydroxy radical content.Other natural oils need Chemical modification is wanted to introduce enough hydroxy radical contents so that they can be used for manufacturing polyether polyols.It is natural in the presence of being incited somebody to action in trial Oil or fat are modified to two chemical reactivity sites being contemplated that during available polyalcohol：1) unsaturated site (double bond)；With 2) Ester functional group.Can be by epoxidation, then open loop or hydroformylation, are then hydrogenated, will be unsaturated present in oil or fat Site hydroxylating.Or OH groups can also be introduced in natural oil ＆ fat using ester exchange.Prepared using epoxidation approach The chemical method of natural polyols involves a need to the reactant mixture of epoxidation natural oil, open loop acid catalyst and ring opening agent.Ring Oxidation natural oil includes epoxidised vegetable base oil (epoxidized vegetable oil) and epoxidation animal tallow.Epoxidation natural oil can be with complete Fully or partially epoxidation and these oil include soybean oil, corn oil, sunflower oil, olive oil, canola oil, sesame oil, palm oil, Rapeseed oil, tung oil, cottonseed oil, safflower oil, peanut oil, linseed oil and combinations thereof.Animal tallow includes fish tallow, tallow and pig Oil.These natural oils are the triglycerides for the saturated or undersaturated aliphatic acid that can be the various chain lengths with C12 to C24. These acid can be：1) saturation：Laurate, myristic acid, palmitic acid, stearic acid, arachidic acid and lignoceric acid；2) singly not Saturation：Palmitoleic acid, oleic acid, 3) how unsaturated：Linoleic acid, leukotrienes, arachidonic acid.When making peroxy acid suitable Partially or completely epoxidised natural oil can be prepared when being reacted under reaction condition.The reality of peroxy acid used in the epoxidation of oil Example description is in the A1 of WO 2006/116456 being incorporated herein by this reference.It can use using alcohol, water and other there is one Or the compound of multiple nucleophilic groups is by the open loop of epoxidized oil.According to reaction condition, the oligomeric of epoxidized oil can also occur.Open Ring produces the natural oil polyols that can be used for manufacture polyurethane products.In hydroformylation/hydrogenization method, the oil is full of hydrogen In the reactor of gas/carbon monoxide mixtures in the presence of suitable catalyst (be typically cobalt or rhodium) hydroformylation to be formed Aldehyde, it is hydrogenated to form polyalcohol in the presence of cobalt or Raney nickel.Or can by using alkali metal or alkaline earth metal alkali or In the case that salt is as ester exchange catalyst and the suitably ester exchange of the material containing polyhydroxy, manufacture come from natural oil ＆ fat Polyalcohol.The oil of any natural oil or the hydrogenation of alternative any part can be used in the ester-interchange method.The example of oil includes But be not limited to soybean oil, corn oil, cottonseed oil, peanut oil, castor oil, sunflower oil, canola oil, rapeseed oil, safflower oil, fish oil, Seal oil, palm oil, tung oil, olive oil or any blend.Any multifunctional hydroxy compounds can also be used, as lactose, Maltose, gossypose, sucrose, D-sorbite, xylitol, antierythrite, mannitol or any combinations.
In one embodiment, it is used as or is castor oil for the natural oil polyols of Base polyol.The castor oil It is the ester of natural glycerin three of the castor oil acid with low hydroxy radical content.
In one embodiment, natural oil or fat are modified to form natural oil polyols.In this embodiment In, epoxidation natural oil is reacted with open loop acid catalyst and ring opening agent.The epoxidation natural oil is plant based oil, such as epoxidation Vegetable oil and/or epoxidation animal tallow.Suitable epoxidation natural oil as plant based oil include but is not limited to soybean oil, Corn oil, sunflower oil, olive oil, canola oil, sesame oil, palm oil, rapeseed oil, tung oil, cottonseed oil, safflower oil, peanut oil, Asia Flaxseed oil or its combination.Suitable epoxidation natural oil as epoxidation animal tallow is fish tallow, tallow, lard or its group Close.Other suitable epoxidation natural oils are shown and described in the A1 of WO 06/116456, and its full text is incorporated by this through this Text.
In one embodiment, hydroxyl is improved by the chemical reaction at unsaturated site and/or at ester functional group Base content is with modified by natural oil or fat.For example, in one embodiment, pass through epoxidation/open loop and/or Hydroformulation Change/hydrogenation, by unsaturated site hydroxylating.In one embodiment, with alcohol, water and other there are one or more nucleophilic groups The compound of group is by epoxidation natural oil open loop.It is also that the epoxidation natural oil is oligomeric in further embodiment.At one In embodiment, hydroformylation/hydrogenation of epoxidation natural oil in the reactor full of hydrogen/carbon monoxide mixture (not Display) in suitable catalyst (such as cobalt, rhodium or its combination) in the presence of carry out to form aldehyde, it is urged in Co catalysts or nickel Hydrogenated in the presence of agent to form polyalcohol.
In one embodiment, by ester exchange by the ester functional group modification in suitable reactant to introduce hydroxyl. In this embodiment, the material suitably containing polyhydroxy and ester exchange catalyst (such as alkali metal or alkaline earth metal alkali or Salt) produce natural oil or fatty polyalcohol.The ester exchange includes any suitable natural oil or partially hydrogenated oil.Suitably Natural oil includes but is not limited to soybean oil, corn oil, cottonseed oil, peanut oil, castor oil, sunflower oil, canola oil, rapeseed oil, red Caul-fat, fish oil, seal oil, palm oil, tung oil, olive oil or its combination.Suitable multifunctional hydroxy compounds include but unlimited In lactose, maltose, gossypose, sucrose, D-sorbite, xylitol, antierythrite, mannitol or its combination.
In one embodiment, the polyol component includes being commonly used to manufacture hard PIR/PUR (poly-isocyanurates And/or polyurethane) foam polyalcohol.Such polyalcohol includes but is not limited to polyalkylene ether and PEPA.At one In embodiment, polyalkylene ether includes poly- (alkylene oxide) polymer, such as has the terminal hydroxyl derived from polyol Poly- (oxirane) and poly- (expoxy propane) polymer and copolymer, the polyol includes glycol and triol, especially Its such as ethylene glycol, propane diols, 1,3 butylene glycol, 1,4- butanediols, 1,6-HD, neopentyl glycol, diethylene glycol, dipropyl two Alcohol, pentaerythrite, glycerine, diglycerol, trimethylolpropane, cyclohexanediol, sugar such as sucrose and similar low molecular weight polyols Or its combination.In another embodiment, the polyol component includes that amine can be worked as, such as ethylenediamine, diethylenetriamines, toluene two The amine PPG that amine, diphenylmethane diamine, triethanolamine etc. are prepared when being reacted with oxirane or expoxy propane.It is being related to In one embodiment of spray foam preparaton, the polyol component includes PPG, thus improves polyurethane composition The reactivity of thing.In one embodiment, by phenol and formaldehyde in the amine of hydroxyl, such as diethanol amine, monoethanolamine presence Under condensation prepare the PPG.
In one embodiment, the polyol component includes single high molecular weight polyether.Additionally or substitute Property, in one embodiment, include the mixture of high molecular weight polyether in the polyol component, it is such as different more The mixture of functional material and/or different molecular weight or different chemical compositions.
In one embodiment, the polyol component is included in dicarboxylic acids and excess diol, such as adipic acid, adjacent benzene two Formic acid, phthalic anhydride and ethylene glycol, diethylene glycol, polyethylene glycol, propane diols, DPG, polypropylene glycol or butanediol During reaction or in lactone and excess diol, the PEPA as caused by caprolactone and propane diols reaction.
The total amount of polyalcohol (including its blend) can be about 10% to about 80%, about the 20% of the pre-composition To about 60% and about 30% to about 50wt%.
One aspect of the present invention is related to the mixture comprising the aldehyde scavenger containing at least two present invention, at least one The composition of catalyst and optional at least one diluent.The example of suitable catalyst is included in tertiary amine catalyst component At least one, it is or the combination including single tertiary amine catalyst or tertiary amine catalyst.The tertiary amine catalyst component is not wave (non-fugitive) tertiary amine catalyst of hair.In one embodiment, the tertiary amine catalyst component is scheduled volume, such as About 0.1pphp to about 20pphp, about 0.1pphp to about 10pphp, about 0.1pphp to about 5pphp, about 0.1pphp to about 0.5pphp, more than about 0.5pphp, be about 0.4pphp or any suitable combination, sub-combination, model Enclose or subrange therein.
In some cases, the tertiary amine catalyst component includes isocyanate-reactive group.In one embodiment, The tertiary amine catalyst component is or including N, N- double (3- dimethylaminopropyls)-N- isopropanolamines, N, N- dimethylaminoethyl Base-N'- methylethanolamines, N, N, N'- trimethyl amino propyls monoethanolamine, N, N- dimethylethanolamines, N, N- diethylaluminum ethoxides Amine, N, N- dimethyl-N', N'-2- hydroxyl (propyl group) -1,3- propane diamine, dimethylaminopropyl amine, (N, N- dimethylamino Ethyoxyl) ethanol, methyl-hydroxy-ethyl-piperazine, double (N, N- dimethyl -3- aminopropyls) amine, N, N- dimethylaminos third Base urea, diethyl amino propyl urea, double (3- dimethylaminopropyls) ureas of N, N'-, N, N'- are double (3- diethyl amino propyls) Urea；Double (dimethylamino) -2- propyl alcohol, 6- dimethylamino -1- hexanols, N- (3- aminopropyls) imidazoles), N- (2- hydroxypropyls) Imidazoles and N- (2- ethoxys) imidazoles or its combination.Additionally or alternatively, in one embodiment, the tertiary amine catalyst Component is or including kicker component.For example, in one embodiment, the tertiary amine catalyst component is or including 2- [N- (dimethylamino ethoxy ethyl)-N- methylaminos] ethanol, N, N- dimethyl aminoethyl-N'- methyl-N'- ethanol, Dimethyl amino ethoxy ethanol, N, N, N'- trimethyl-N'-3- aminopropyls-bis- (amino-ethyl) ethers or its combination.One In individual embodiment, the tertiary amine catalyst component is high volatility and not isocyanate-reactive.For example, one In individual embodiment, the tertiary amine catalyst component is volatility gelation catalyst and is or including two azo double-octanes (three Ethylene diamine), the carbon -7- alkene of 1,8- diazabicyclos 11, three (dimethylaminopropyl) amine, Dimethvlaminocvclohexvl Amine, double (dimethylaminopropyl)-N- methyl amines or its combination.Additionally or alternatively, in one embodiment, the uncle Amine catalyst component is or including volatility kicker and is or including Bis-dimethylamino ethylether, pentamethyl two Ethylenetriamine, hexamethyl trien, seven methyl tetrens and compositions related, higher level it is permethylated Polyamines, 2- [N- (dimethylamino ethoxy ethyl)-N- methylaminos] ethanol and dependency structure, alkoxylate polyamines, imidazoles- Boron composition, aminopropyl-bis- (amino-ethyl) ether compositions or its combination.
In one embodiment, the tertiary amine catalyst component is used in combination with transition-metal catalyst.For example, at one In embodiment, the tertiary amine catalyst component and metal complex component, such as organo-tin compound are used together.In a reality Apply in scheme, the organo-tin compound include dibutyl tin laurate, dilaurate, dimethyltin diacetate, Dibutyltin diacetate, dilauryl mercaptan stannous methide, dilauryl dibutyltin mercaptide, diisooctyl maleic acid dimethyl Tin, diisooctyl dibutyitin maleate.
The example of suitable diluent includes at least one member in following material group：Water, ethylene glycol, the third two Alcohol, 1,3 butylene glycol, 1,4- butanediols, 1,6-HD, neopentyl glycol, diethylene glycol, DPG, pentaerythrite, glycerine, Diglycerol, trimethylolpropane, cyclohexanediol, sugar such as sucrose and similar low molecular weight polyols or its combination.Diluent Amount can be about 5 weight % to about 50 weight %, about 20 weight % to about 30 weight % and big in some cases About 10 weight % to about 20 weight %.The composition of this aspect of the present invention can be combined with other components to manufacture poly- ammonia Ester.For example, the composition of this aspect of the present invention can be combined with other components to manufacture above-mentioned pre-composition, then make its with extremely A kind of few isocyanates is contacted to manufacture polyurethane foam.
The following example is provided to illustrate certain embodiments of the present invention and be not limited in this appended claims Scope.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1
Typical polyurethane formulations can be used (to add thereto comprising one kind according to procedures known in the art Or the urethane catalyst of a variety of alkyl tertiary amines) manufacture foam.According to polyisocyanic acid used in the polyurethane formulations of the present invention The amount of ester is unrestricted, but it is generally well known by persons skilled in the art in the range of those.Exemplary range is shown in the table, ginseng Pointed out according to " nco index " (isocyanate index).As known in the art, nco index is defined as isocyanate equivalent number and removed With the total unit of reactive hydrogen, 100 are multiplied by.Nco index is represented by following equation.
Nco index=[NCO/ (OH+NH)] × 100
In some embodiments of the present invention, the aldehyde scavenger composition can with one or more PEPAs and Optionally with one or more foaming agents and/or be usually used in polyurethane formation other additives be merged into suit.It is above listed The example of these other optional components, they do not influence the fundamental property of the present invention.Such mixture can be then optionally in ability Merge in domain in the presence of known other additives with organic isocyanate to form polyurethane foam.Except manufacture hard spraying bubble It is other hard such as electrical equipment, building and heat-insulated laminate present invention may also apply to prepare to be usually used in many industrial uses outside foam Matter foam.
Prepared in a conventional manner using preparaton shown below and test polyurethane foam.Foam is prepared using following preparaton simultaneously Study the release of aldehyde.Foam sample is prepared using the preparaton shown in table 1 below.Polyurethane foam is prepared with following mixing condition Sample.
Premix Component (pre-composition refers to all components in addition to MDI) is used equipped with 2in (5.1cm) diameter agitating paddle Top set agitator (Premier Mill Corporation Dispensator Series 2000Model 89) with about 6, 000RPM is mixed about 10 seconds, and allows to cool to about 5 DEG C, and mechanical agitator is then used in 2 liters of plastic containers (Premier Mill Corporation Dispensator Series 2000Model 89) and the isocyanates of respective amount (table 1) mixes.Discharged using GM method of testing GMW 15635-2012 (GM) measurement aldehyde.It is 40mm that this experiment, which is related to size, The foam sample of width × 100mm length is placed in from the hook of the bottle cap suspension of the PE bottles containing 50 milliliters of water.The foam is away from the water surface 40 millimeters of placements.Bottle containing the sample is heated 3 hours at 60 DEG C.The aldehyde discharged is dissolved into water and passes through HPLC By determining respective concentration with known standard comparing.As a result represented with ug/g foam samples.This method is used to determine never The aldehyde of the sample of sample (tester) containing scavenger and the scavenger containing addition release.
Table 1
Polyalcohol GEP 828 is Sinopec Shanghai Gaoqiao Company (Sinopec Shanghai Gaoqiao company) Average functionality=3 of supply and substantially MW=6000 standard PPG.CP1421 is Dow Glycerine ethyoxyl that is that Chemicals is supplied and being usually used in manufacturing soft flexible foam and the pore-creating agent for molded foam Change-propoxylation PPG.DC2525 is having for Air Products and Chemicals supplies Organic silicon surface active agent stabilizer.DEOA-LF is the two of Air Products and Chemicals supplies 85% solution of the monoethanolamine in water crosslinking agent.NE1070 is that Air Products and Chemicals are supplied The amine catalyst being made up of the mixture of list-and double (dimethylaminopropyl)-ureas answered.TMAPBAEE is N, N, N'- front threes Base-N'-3- aminopropyls-bis- (amino-ethyls) ether.3133 be Bayer supply by 4,4'-MDI, 2,4- The isocyanates of MDI and PMDI mixture composition, there is about 32.5 weight % average NCO content.
Embodiment 2
The polyurethane sample prepared as described above by standard 10L bags method (Q/BYD-1901.771-2012 (BYD)) test Product.This method of testing is carried out as follows：
The foam sample that size is 80 × 100mm is placed in 10LIn bag.This bag is placed in the examination of sealing Test in room.The bag is furnished withValve, and be connected to aldehyde surge drum and (contain by dinitrophenyl hydrazine, the silicon of DPNH coatings Glue) and vavuum pump on Teflon pipe.Teflon valves, Teflon pipes, surge drum and vavuum pump are located at outside the laboratory.With receipts In the case of collection the disconnecting of cylinder, air in evacuable bag simultaneously fills 2 liters of nitrogen.Then the room is heated to 60 DEG C and kept 2 hours, 100 milliliters of nitrogen before pumped are hereafter used from sample sack.Then surge drum is installed on pump, and aldehyde is pumped into Surge drum.H is used by Waters HPLC2O/CH3CN is as mobile phase and 1cc/min flow velocity, in the column temperature with 40 DEG C UV/VIS detectors at 360 nmOn ODS posts, the aldehyde collected in surge drum is analyzed.
The aldehyde releasing result drawn by this method is shown in table 2.
Embodiment 3
Also by standard 10L bags method (NES 0402；Method #2, Nissan Motor Co) test poly- ammonia produced above Ester sample.This method of testing is carried out as follows：
The foam sample that size is 80 × 100mm is placed in 10LIn bag.This bag is placed in the experiment of sealing In room.The bag is furnished withValve, and it is connected to aldehyde surge drum (containing by dinitrophenyl hydrazine, the silica gel of DPNH coatings) With the Teflon pipes on vavuum pump.Teflon valves, Teflon pipes, surge drum and vavuum pump are located at outside the laboratory.Disconnect with In the case of the connection of surge drum, 2 liters of nitrogen of air and filling in evacuable bag.Then the room is heated to 65 DEG C and holding 2 Hour, 100 milliliters of nitrogen before pumped are hereafter used from sample sack.Then surge drum is installed on pump, and aldehyde is pumped into Surge drum.Pass throughHPLC uses H2O/CH3CN is as mobile phase and 1cc/min flow velocity, with 40 DEG C On the Zorbax ODS posts of column temperature and UV/VIS detectors at 360 nm, the aldehyde collected in surge drum is analyzed.
Embodiment 4
Polyurethane samples produced above, the mixture of the aldehyde scavenger from table 4 is simply used (to contain as mutual molten Liquid or be suspended in one another etc. weight each scavenger) reduce aldehyde release.To prepare foam sample, merge two kinds, three kinds and Four kinds of single scavengers.Also by standard 2L bags method (NES 0402；Method #2, Nissan Motor Co) test these samples Product.This method of testing is carried out as follows：
The foam sample that size is 80 × 100mm is placed in 10L Tedlar bags.This bag is placed in the laboratory of sealing In.The bag is furnished with Teflon valves, and is connected to aldehyde surge drum (containing by dinitrophenyl hydrazine, the silica gel of DPNH coatings) and vacuum Teflon pipes on pump.Teflon valves, Teflon pipes, surge drum and vavuum pump are located at outside the laboratory.In disconnection and surge drum Connection in the case of, air in evacuable bag simultaneously fills 2 liters of nitrogen.Then the room is heated to 60 DEG C and kept for 2 hours, this Afterwards with 100 milliliters of nitrogen before pumped from sample sack.Then surge drum is installed on pump, and aldehyde is pumped into surge drum. Pass throughHPLC uses H2O/CH3CN as mobile phase and 1cc/min flow velocity, in the column temperature with 40 DEG C and On the Zorbax ODS posts of UV/VIS detectors at 360 nm, the aldehyde collected in surge drum is analyzed.As a result it is shown in table 4 In.
Although describing the present invention with reference to some aspects or embodiment, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that, Various variations can be made and its key element can be substituted by equivalents without departing from the scope of the present invention.Furthermore, it is possible to make perhaps It is combine and improve to adapt to the teachings of the present invention without departing from its essential scope more.Therefore, the present invention be not intended to by for implement this Invent and the limitation of disclosed specific embodiment, but it is of the invention by the institute including falling within the scope of appended claims There is embodiment.

Claims (17)

1. include the mixture containing at least two aldehyde scavengers, at least one polyalcohol, water and at least one amine catalyst Composition.
2. the composition of claim 1, wherein the aldehyde scavenger includes at least one member in following material group：Benzene Phenol or 5-substituted phenol compounds, 1,3- dicarbonyl compounds, the polyamines with 1,3- propane diaminourea functions, melamine, 1, 2- diaminourea cycloalkanes and ammonium salt.
3. the composition of claim 2, wherein the aldehyde scavenger includes at least one member in following material group：Benzene Phenol, anacardol, 2- methylphenols, 4- methylphenols, 4-TBP, 2- metoxyphenols, 4- metoxyphenols, isophthalic three Phenol and 4- nonyl phenols.
4. the composition of claim 2, wherein the aldehyde scavenger includes at least one member in following material group：Third Diethyl adipate, dimethyl malenate, 2,4- pentanediones, hydroresorcinol malonamide and N, N, N ' N '-tetramethyl the third two Acid amides.
5. the composition of claim 2, wherein the aldehyde scavenger includes at least one member in following material group：N, N '-dimethyl propanediamine, N ' N '-diphenyl propane diamines, 1- benzyl -1,3- propanediamines, isotridecyloxypropylpolyoxyethylene polyoxyethylene base propyl group -1, 3- diaminopropanes, dodecyloxy propyl group -1,3- diaminopropanes and hexyloxy propyl group -1,3- diaminopropanes, N, N ', N "-three-(3- aminopropyls) -4- aminopropyl -1,8- octanediamines, N, N '-bis--(3- aminopropyls)-propane 1,3- diamines, N '-{ 2- [2- (3- Amino-propylaminos)-ethylamino]-ethyl }-propane -1,3- diamines and N '-[2- (3- amino-propyls Amino)-ethyl]-propane -1,3- diamines.
6. comprising at least one aldehyde scavenger, at least one polyalcohol, water and at least one amine catalyst composition, it is described extremely A kind of few aldehyde scavenger is selected from the group of following material composition：N, N ', N "-three-(3- aminopropyls) -4- aminopropyls -1,8- is pungent Alkane diamines, N, N '-bis--(3- aminopropyls)-propane 1,3- diamines, N '-{ 2- [2- (3- Amino-propylaminos)-ethyl ammonia Base]-ethyl }-propane -1,3- diamines and N '-[2- (3- Amino-propylaminos)-ethyl]-propane -1,3- diamines.
7. the composition of claim 2, wherein the aldehyde scavenger includes melamine.
8. the composition of claim 2, wherein the aldehyde scavenger includes 1,2- diaminocyclohexanes.
9. the composition of claim 2, wherein the aldehyde scavenger is included in ammonium carbonate, ammonium chloride and ammonium nitrate at least It is a kind of.
10. any one of claim 1-8 composition, it further includes at least one diluent.
11. include the group of the mixture containing at least two aldehyde scavengers, at least one amine catalyst and at least one diluent Compound.
12. a kind of method for manufacturing polyurethane foam, methods described includes making at least one polyalcohol and at least one two isocyanides Acid esters is in 1) at least one foaming agent, 2) at least one amine catalyst and 3) in the presence of any one of claim 1-10 composition Contact and reaction.
13. a kind of method for manufacturing polyurethane foam, methods described includes reaction and merges 1) at least one polyalcohol, 2) at least one Kind of foaming agent, 3) at least one amine catalyst and 4) any one of claim 1-10 composition, and with least one more isocyanides Acid esters contacts, and polyalcohol and polyisocyanates is reacted to manufacture polyurethane foam.
14. pass through polyurethane foam made of any one of claim 11 and 12.
15. the polyurethane foam of claim 13, wherein the foam includes low release foam.
16. the polyurethane foam of claim 13, wherein the foam is included without release foam.
17. claim 1-10 any combination thing is used for the purposes for manufacturing polyurethane foam.
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