CN107749642A - A kind of household energy router - Google Patents

Abstract

A household energy router includes a grid-connected module, a photovoltaic power generation module, a storage battery energy storage module, a diesel engine power generation module and a household AC load module. Each module is merged into the DC bus through the routing port. The routing port contains a power electronic converter, which can connect electric energy with other energy sources (such as light, oil, etc.) and complete rectification, inverter, isolation and step-up-down work. The invention is oriented to household AC loads, through the controllers and communication circuits of each port, the main controller of the grid-connected port is used to realize energy management and information interaction; the energy router proposed by the invention has multiple ports, and can simultaneously access multiple A variety of power generation equipment, energy storage equipment, and household electrical loads can flexibly control the magnitude and flow direction of different energy according to the peak and valley of the AC grid and the actual load demand in the grid-connected state, and realize the connection between different devices in the island state. The energy flow can realize the comprehensive utilization of energy.

Description

A household energy router

technical field

The invention relates to the field of power electronic converters and information technology, in particular to an energy router for household loads.

Background technique

In recent years, in order to alleviate the energy crisis and environmental pollution, distributed renewable energy has been widely used in the power grid, but these renewable energy are often geographically dispersed and intermittent. This requires adding a large number of energy storage devices to the grid to buffer these fluctuating energy. On the other hand, the traditional single centralized power generation network is gradually installed into a centralized and distributed power generation mode, and the one-way flow of electric energy has also begun to change into a multi-directional flow.

In order to meet the complexity and diversity requirements of the future power grid for power control, some scholars have proposed that the future power grid will use microgrids and smart communities as autonomous units to form a bottom-up interconnection of energy units on the basis of local consumption. The FREEDM Center of North Carolina State University in the United States proposes an energy internet with energy routers as its core. It can be seen from this that integrated with mature information technology, the energy router based on power electronic conversion can realize efficient access and utilization of energy, and will become the core component of the future power grid, and is being valued by more and more scholars.

An energy router is a kind of power equipment that integrates information technology and power electronic conversion technology to realize the efficient utilization and transmission of distributed energy. Power electronic conversion technology enables power routers to provide the required power interface forms for various types of distributed power sources, energy storage devices and new loads. Information technology makes the energy router intelligent, and the distribution network operates autonomously under its control. The upper-level power dispatching center only needs to send optimized operating parameters with a longer time scale to the network to achieve optimal operation of the entire network.

CN2723723Y discloses a wind, light and firewood complementary system control inverter integrated machine, which preferentially uses clean energy such as solar energy and wind energy, and can control battery charge and discharge. However, the system is an off-grid system, which can only supply power to local loads and cannot be connected to the grid. CN102780267A discloses a power router that uses a switch array to form an energy channel. The control is complicated, and if a single switch fails, it will affect the overall situation. CN104682430A discloses an energy router device applied to the energy Internet, which belongs to the medium voltage range. The existing energy routers are mainly concentrated in the AC network and hybrid AC network, and most of them are concentrated in the local area network and the backbone network. There is less attention to the low-voltage DC micro-grid. In the future smart grid planning, all users are not only the demand side, but also the After the wind-solar-storage system, users can also produce and store electricity, and can freely trade electricity with the grid and other users. Therefore, an energy router that is oriented to household loads and can actively control and dispatch energy flow using a low-voltage DC microgrid is an important part of the future smart grid.

Contents of the invention

The object of the present invention is to propose an energy router for household loads and a control method thereof, aiming at the deficiencies in the prior art.

In order to solve the problems of the technologies described above, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

A household energy router includes a DC bus, router first port to router fifth port, a control chip, a port sensor collection and processing circuit, a DC bus sensor collection and processing circuit, a port switch drive circuit and a communication circuit.

The DC bus bar is composed of positive and negative bus bars; the first port of the router to the fifth port of the router are connected in parallel on the DC positive and negative bus bars; the port sensor acquisition and processing circuit collects and processes the voltage and current signals of the ports, and then transmits them to the control Chip; the DC bus sensor acquisition and processing circuit collects the voltage and current signals of the DC bus, and then transmits them to the control chip; the control chip summarizes the sampled data and processes and sends out control signals, and controls the first port of the router to the fifth port of the router through the port switch drive circuit The closing and opening of the port switch and the working state of the power electronic converter, the control chip in the main controller maintains communication with each routing port through the communication circuit, and the entire energy router realizes the bidirectional flow of energy through the DC bus. Realize the two-way flow of information.

When the AC power grid is faultless, it is connected to the DC bus through the first port of the router, and the energy router works in grid-connected mode; when the AC power grid fails, the three-phase converter in the first port of the router is disconnected, and the energy router enters the island mode .

The first port of the router to the fifth port of the router are respectively connected to an AC grid, a photovoltaic cell, a storage battery, a diesel generator, and a household AC load.

The first port of the router contains a three-phase AC/DC converter and four port switches to connect the AC grid to the DC bus, of which three port switches use AC circuit breakers, and one port switch uses DC circuit breakers; the second port of the router The port contains an isolated DC-DC circuit and two port switches to connect the photovoltaic battery to the DC bus, and the port switch uses a DC circuit breaker; the third port of the router contains a bidirectional Buck/Boost circuit and a port switch to connect the battery On the DC bus, the port switch uses a DC circuit breaker; the fourth port of the router contains a Boost-PFC circuit and two port switches to connect the diesel generator to the DC bus, one of which uses a DC circuit breaker, and the other The port switch uses an AC circuit breaker; the fifth port of the router contains a single-phase DC-AC inverter and two port switches to connect the household AC load to the DC bus, one of which uses a DC circuit breaker, and the other The port switch uses an AC circuit breaker.

The voltage of the first port of the router to the fifth port of the router after being transformed by the power electronic converter is U _dcin , and the voltage of the DC bus is U _dc-bus . , the voltage must satisfy U _dcin = U _dc-bus after transformation to achieve normal access to the branch bus.

Through the first port of each router to the fifth port of the router, there are four energy flow modes between the DC bus and the AC power grid, power generation equipment (photovoltaic cells, diesel engines), energy storage equipment, and electrical loads. The energy flows into the DC bus, the energy flows from the energy storage device to the DC bus, the energy flows from the AC grid to the DC bus, and the energy flows out from the DC bus to supply power to the load, charge the energy storage device, and feed back to the AC grid.

The first port of the router to the fifth port of the router all contain a controller, and its control chip is an information processing center, and two kinds of micro-processing control chips, FPGA and ARM, are selected, and the FPGA receives the port voltage collected by the port sensor acquisition circuit, The current signal receives the DC bus voltage and current signals collected by the DC bus sensor acquisition and processing circuit, summarizes them and sends them to ARM for data comparison and calculation, and receives the calculation results given by ARM to generate control signals, which are output to the port switch drive circuit , control the conduction state of the power electronic converter in the routing port and the closing and opening of the port switch, there is an interactive information flow between the FPGA micro-processing control chip and the ARM micro-processing control chip; the control chip passes through the communication circuit, that is, the control The LAN bus CAN of the router can realize the real-time information intercommunication of each port, and monitor whether the voltage and current of each routing port are normal in real time. ~The control of the sub-controller of the fifth port of the router realizes the two-way flow of information.

Energy control is performed through the control chip, and the five modules of grid-connected equipment, power generation equipment (photovoltaic cells, diesel engines), energy storage equipment, and household AC loads are connected to the energy routing port, and each module is controlled to achieve multi-directional flow of energy through the DC bus.

When the first port of the router is connected to the AC grid, the energy router works in the grid-connected mode. At this time, the diesel engine generator is not connected to the DC bus. Only when the AC grid fails, the energy router is in the island mode and the total power generated by the photovoltaic cells When the total power provided by the battery and the battery cannot meet the total load of electricity, the diesel generator is connected to the DC bus;

There are two situations in grid-connected mode:

1) The power generated by the photovoltaic cell is enough to provide energy for the load. If there is surplus power, the energy router will store the remaining energy in the battery, and if there is surplus, it will feed back to the AC grid;

2) The power generated by the photovoltaic cell is insufficient to supply energy to the load, and the battery cannot supplement the power difference, so the AC grid supplies power to the DC bus and sends the energy to the load.

The workflow in grid-connected mode is:

Through data acquisition, the control chip matches and judges the voltage of the second port of the router, the third port of the router, and the fifth port of the router with the DC _{bus voltage} ; The port switch driving circuit sends a control signal to close the routing port switch, connect the photovoltaic battery, storage battery and household AC load to the DC bus, collect the voltage and current signals of each routing port through the port sensor acquisition and processing circuit, and control the chip to connect to the DC bus. Calculate the total power P _pv generated by the photovoltaic cells of the bus and the total household load _PL , and then compare the size of P _pv with the household load _{PL. When P L ≦} P _pv , the photovoltaic cells will At the same time, if there is surplus energy, charge the battery and continue to check whether the output power of the second port of the router connected to the photovoltaic battery is still surplus. If there is still surplus energy, feed back the surplus energy through the first port of the router The port is fed back to the AC grid. When _PL > P _pv , first check whether the energy storage P _bat of the storage battery connected to the third port of the _router is sufficient to supplement the power _{shortage .} Supplement the remaining energy deficit; if P _bat <|P _L -P _pv |, it cannot be supplemented, then ask for energy from the AC micro-grid to supplement the power deficit, and the AC micro-grid supplies energy to household electrical loads through the first port of the router.

When the first port of the router is connected to the AC grid failure, the AC grid is not connected to the energy router, and the energy router works in an island mode.

The workflow in island mode is:

Through data acquisition, the control chip matches and judges the voltage of the second port of the router, the third port of the router, and the fifth port of the router with the DC _{bus voltage} ; The port switch driving circuit sends a control signal to close the routing port switch, connect the photovoltaic battery, storage battery and household AC load to the DC bus, collect the voltage and current signals of each routing port through the port sensor acquisition and processing circuit, and control the chip to connect to the DC bus. The total power P _pv generated by the photovoltaic cells of the busbar is calculated with the total household load PL, and then the size of P _pv and the household load PL is compared _{. When P L ≦} Ppv, the photovoltaic cells supply energy to the load ; At the same time, if there is surplus energy, charge the battery. When P _L >P _pv , first check whether the energy storage P _bat of the battery connected to the third port of the router is sufficient to supplement the power shortage, if P _bat ≥|P _L -P _pv |, then it can replenish the remaining energy deficit to the electric load; if P _bat <|P _L -P _pv |, the battery cannot be replenished, and through data collection, the control chip controls the power of the fourth port of the router. The matching judgment is made between the voltage and the DC bus voltage, and when the access condition U _dcin = U _dc-bus is met, the diesel generator is connected to the DC bus through the fourth port of the router, and the diesel generator makes up for the energy gap and supplies energy to household loads.

Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages and beneficial effects: the energy router proposed by the present invention has multiple routing ports, and can simultaneously access different power generation equipment, energy storage equipment, and electric loads for unified management and control; Through effective energy management, the invention realizes the energy flow between different devices in the island mode to maintain power balance, and the surplus energy in the grid-connected mode can be actively fed back to the AC grid to improve energy utilization; the advantage of the invention is that it is oriented to household use Loads, households with solar storage can actively control and dispatch energy flow through the present invention, and users are no longer just power demanders, but can produce and store power at the same time, and can freely trade power with the grid and other users to obtain higher economic benefits.

The energy router proposed by the present invention has a simple communication structure, each control chip is connected to each other to complete information intercommunication, and the control chip realizes mutual conversion between lower layer physical information and upper layer digital information and bidirectional flow of information.

Description of drawings

Figure 1 is a structural diagram of a household energy router;

Fig. 2 is a controller communication circuit diagram in each routing port;

Figure 3 is a flow chart of energy control in the grid-connected working mode;

Fig. 4 is a flow chart of energy control in the island working mode.

Detailed ways

The present invention will be further elaborated below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific implementation.

Figure 1 is a structural diagram of a household energy router, which includes a DC bus, router first port to router fifth port, control chip, port sensor acquisition and processing circuit, DC bus sensor acquisition and processing circuit, port switch drive circuit and communication circuit.

The DC bus bar is composed of positive and negative bus bars; the first port of the router to the fifth port of the router are connected in parallel on the DC positive and negative bus bars; the port sensor acquisition and processing circuit collects and processes the voltage and current signals of the ports, and then transmits them to the control Chip; the DC bus sensor acquisition and processing circuit collects the voltage and current signals of the DC bus, and then transmits them to the control chip; the control chip summarizes the sampled data and processes and sends out control signals, and controls the first port of the router to the fifth port of the router through the port switch drive circuit The closing and opening of the port switch and the working state of the power electronic converter, the control chip in the main controller maintains communication with each routing port through the communication circuit, and the entire energy router realizes the bidirectional flow of energy through the DC bus. Realize the two-way flow of information;

When the AC power grid is faultless, it is connected to the DC bus through the first port of the router, and the energy router works in the grid-connected mode; when the AC power grid fails, disconnect the three-phase converter in the first port of the router, and the energy router enters the island mode .

The first port of the router to the fifth port of the router are respectively connected to an AC grid, a photovoltaic cell, a storage battery, a diesel generator, and a household AC load.

As shown in Figure 1, the first port of the router contains a three-phase AC/DC converter and 4 port switches to connect the AC grid to the DC bus, of which 3 port switches use AC circuit breakers, and the remaining 1 uses DC circuit breaker; the second port of the router contains an isolated DC-DC circuit and two port switches to connect the photovoltaic battery to the DC bus, and the port switch uses a DC circuit breaker; the third port of the router contains a bidirectional Buck/ The Boost circuit and a port switch connect the battery to the DC bus, and the port switch uses a DC circuit breaker; the third port of the router contains a Boost-PFC circuit and 2 port switches to connect the diesel generator to the DC bus. Among them, 1 port switch uses a DC circuit breaker, and the remaining 1 uses an AC circuit breaker; the fifth port of the router contains a single-phase DC-AC inverter and 2 port switches to connect the household AC load to the DC bus. One of the port switches uses a DC circuit breaker, and the remaining one uses an AC circuit breaker.

The voltage of the first port of the router to the fifth port of the router after being transformed by the power electronic converter is U _dcin , and the voltage of the DC bus is U _dc-bus . , the voltage must satisfy U _dcin = U _dc-bus after transformation to achieve normal access to the branch bus.

Through the first port of each router to the fifth port of the router, there are four energy flow modes between the DC bus and the AC power grid, power generation equipment (photovoltaic cells, diesel engines), energy storage equipment, and electrical loads. The energy flows into the DC bus, the energy flows from the energy storage device to the DC bus, the energy flows from the AC grid to the DC bus, and the energy flows out from the DC bus to supply power to the load, charge the energy storage device, and feed back to the AC grid.

The first port 1 of the router to the fifth port of the router all contain a controller, and its control chip is an information operation processing center. Two kinds of micro-processing control chips, FPGA and ARM, are selected, and the FPGA receives the port collected by the port sensor acquisition circuit. Voltage and current signals, receive the DC bus voltage and current signals collected by the DC bus sensor acquisition and processing circuit, summarize them and send them to ARM for data comparison and calculation, and receive the calculation results given by ARM to generate control signals and output them to the port switch The drive circuit controls the conduction state of the power electronic converter in the routing port and the closing and opening of the port switch, and there is an interactive information flow between the FPGA micro-processing control chip and the ARM micro-processing control chip.

As shown in Figure 2, the control chip can realize the real-time information exchange of each port through the communication circuit, that is, the controller LAN bus CAN, and monitor whether the voltage and current of each routing port are normal in real time. The controller in the first port of the router is the main control Its control chip can complete the control of the sub-controllers 1-4 of the second port of the router to the fifth port of the router through the CAN bus, so as to realize the bidirectional flow of information.

Energy control is performed through the control chip, and the five modules of grid-connected equipment, power generation equipment (photovoltaic cells, diesel engines), energy storage equipment, and household AC loads are connected to the energy routing port, and each module is controlled to achieve multi-directional flow of energy through the DC bus.

When the first port of the router is connected to the AC grid, the energy router works in the grid-connected mode. At this time, the diesel engine generator is not connected to the DC bus. Only when the AC grid fails, the energy router is in the island mode and the total power generated by the photovoltaic cells When the total power provided by the battery and the battery cannot meet the total load of electricity, the diesel generator is connected to the DC bus;

There are two situations in grid-connected mode:

1) The power generated by the photovoltaic cell is enough to provide energy for the load. If there is surplus power, the energy router will store the remaining energy in the battery, and if there is surplus, it will feed back to the AC grid;

2) The power generated by the photovoltaic cell is insufficient to supply energy to the load, and the battery cannot supplement the power difference, so the AC grid supplies power to the DC bus and sends the energy to the load.

As shown in Figure 3, the workflow in grid-connected mode is:

Through data collection, the control chip matches and judges the voltage of the first port of the router and the DC bus voltage; when the condition _Udcin =Udc _-bus for accessing the DC bus is met, the control chip sends a control signal to the port switch drive circuit, so that the router The first port switch is closed and enters the grid-connected mode; the control chip matches and judges the voltage of the second port of the router, the third port of the router, and the fifth port of the router with the DC bus voltage; when the condition of connecting to the DC bus is satisfied U _dcin = U _{dc -bus} , the control chip sends a control signal to the port switch drive circuit, so that the routing port switch is closed, and the photovoltaic cells, storage batteries and household AC loads are connected to the DC bus, and the voltage and current signals of each routing port are collected through the port sensor acquisition and processing circuit , the control chip calculates the total power P _pv generated by the photovoltaic cells connected to the DC bus and the total household load PL, and then compares P _pv with the household electrical load _{PL . When P L ≦} P _pv , the photovoltaic cell supplies energy to the electric load; at the same time, if there is surplus energy, it will charge the battery, and continue to detect whether the output power of the second port of the router connected to the photovoltaic cell is surplus, if there is still surplus energy, it will The remaining energy is fed back to the AC grid through the first port of the router. When _PL > _{P pv} , first check whether the energy storage P _bat of the battery connected to the third port of the router is sufficient to supplement the power _{shortage .} Supplement the remaining energy deficit; if P _bat <|P _L -P _pv |, it cannot be supplemented, then ask for energy from the AC micro-grid to supplement the power deficit, and the AC micro-grid supplies energy to household electrical loads through the first port of the router.

When the first port of the router is connected to the AC grid failure, the AC grid is not connected to the energy router, and the energy router works in an island mode.

As shown in Figure 4, the workflow in the island mode is:

Through data acquisition, the control chip matches and judges the voltage of the second port of the router, the third port of the router, and the fifth port of the router with the DC _{bus voltage} ; The port switch driving circuit sends a control signal to close the routing port switch, connect the photovoltaic battery, storage battery and household AC load to the DC bus, collect the voltage and current signals of each routing port through the port sensor acquisition and processing circuit, and control the chip to connect to the DC bus. The total power P _pv generated by the photovoltaic cells of the busbar is calculated with the total household load PL, and then the size of P _pv and the household load PL is compared _{. When P L ≦} Ppv, the photovoltaic cells supply energy to the load ; At the same time, if there is surplus energy, charge the battery. When P _L >P _pv , first check whether the energy storage P _bat of the battery connected to the third port of the router is sufficient to supplement the power shortage, if P _bat ≥|P _L -P _pv |, it can supplement the remaining energy deficit to the electric load; if P _bat <|P _L -P _pv |, the battery cannot be supplemented, and the control chip will control the voltage of the fourth port of the router and the DC bus The voltage is matched and judged, and when the access condition U _dcin = U _dc-bus is met, the diesel generator is connected to the DC bus through the fourth port of the router, and the diesel generator makes up for the energy gap and supplies energy to the household load.

Claims (6)

1. A household energy router, comprising a DC bus, the first port of the router to the fifth port of the router, a control chip, a port sensor acquisition and processing circuit, a DC bus sensor acquisition and processing circuit, a port switch drive circuit and a communication circuit, characterized in that : The DC bus bar is composed of positive and negative bus bars; the first port of the router to the fifth port of the router are connected in parallel on the DC positive and negative bus bars; the port sensor acquisition and processing circuit collects and processes the voltage and current signals of the ports, and then transmits them to the control Chip; the DC bus sensor acquisition and processing circuit collects the voltage and current signals of the DC bus, and then transmits them to the control chip; the control chip summarizes the sampled data and processes and sends out control signals, and controls the first port of the router to the fifth port of the router through the port switch drive circuit The closing and opening of the port switch and the working state of the power electronic converter, the control chip in the main controller maintains communication with each routing port through the communication circuit, and the entire energy router realizes the bidirectional flow of energy through the DC bus. Realize the two-way flow of information; when the AC grid is faultless, connect to the DC bus through the first port of the router, and the energy router works in grid-connected mode; when the AC grid fails, disconnect the three-phase converter in the first port of the router, The energy router enters island mode. 2. A household energy router according to claim 1, characterized in that, the first port of the router to the fifth port of the router are respectively connected to the AC power grid, photovoltaic cells, storage batteries, diesel generators and household AC load; The first port of the router contains a three-phase AC/DC converter and four port switches to connect the AC power grid to the DC bus, of which three port switches use AC circuit breakers, and the other port switch uses DC circuit breakers; the router The second port contains an isolated DC-DC circuit and two port switches to connect the photovoltaic cell to the DC bus, and the port switch uses a DC circuit breaker; the third port of the router contains a bidirectional Buck/Boost circuit and a port switch to connect The battery is connected to the DC bus, and the port switch uses a DC circuit breaker; the fourth port of the router contains a Boost-PFC circuit and two port switches to connect the diesel generator to the DC bus, and one of the port switches uses a DC circuit breaker. The other port switch uses an AC circuit breaker; the fifth port of the router contains a single-phase DC-AC inverter and two port switches to connect the household AC load to the DC bus, and one of the port switches uses a DC circuit breaker , the other port switch uses an AC circuit breaker. 3. A household energy router according to claim 1, characterized in that, the voltage of the first port of the router to the fifth port of the router after being transformed by a power electronic converter is _Udcin , and the _DC bus voltage is Udc _-bus , when the power generation equipment, AC power grid and energy storage equipment transmit power to the DC bus, the voltage must meet U _dcin = U _dc-bus after conversion to achieve normal access to the branch bus; Through the first port of each router to the fifth port of the router, there are four energy flow modes between the DC bus and the AC grid, photovoltaic cells, diesel engines, energy storage equipment, and electrical loads, that is, the energy flows from the power generation equipment to the DC bus, Energy flows from the energy storage device to the DC bus, energy flows from the AC grid to the DC bus, and energy flows from the DC bus to supply power to the load, charge the energy storage device, and feed back to the AC grid. 4. A household energy router according to claim 1, characterized in that, the first port of the router to the fifth port of the router all contain a controller, and its control chip is an information processing center, and FPGA and ARM are selected. Two micro-processing control chips; FPGA receives the port voltage and current signals collected by the port sensor acquisition circuit, receives the DC bus voltage and current signals collected by the DC bus sensor acquisition and processing circuit, summarizes them and sends them to ARM for data comparison and Operation, and receive the operation result given by ARM to generate a control signal, output to the port switch drive circuit; control the conduction state of the power electronic converter in the routing port and the closing and opening of the port switch, in the FPGA micro-processing control chip and ARM There is an interactive information flow between the micro-processing control chips; the control chip can realize the real-time information exchange of each port through the communication circuit, that is, the controller LAN bus CAN, and monitor whether the voltage and current of each routing port are normal in real time. The controller is the main controller, and its control chip can complete the control of the sub-controllers from the second port of the router to the fifth port of the router through the bus CAN, so as to realize the two-way flow of information; Energy control is performed through the control chip, and the five modules of grid-connected equipment, photovoltaic cells, diesel engines, energy storage equipment, and household AC loads are connected to the energy routing port, and each module is controlled to achieve multi-directional energy flow through the DC bus. 5. A household energy router according to claim 1, characterized in that, when the first port of the router is connected to the AC power grid, the energy router works in the grid-connected mode, and the diesel engine generator is not connected to the DC bus at this time , only when the AC power grid fails, the energy router is in island mode and the total power generated by the photovoltaic cells and the power that the battery can provide cannot meet the total load, the diesel generator is connected to the DC bus; There are two cases in the grid-connected mode. The first case is that the power generated by the photovoltaic cell is enough to provide energy for the load. If there is surplus power, the energy router will store the remaining energy in the battery. If there is surplus, Then feed back to the AC grid; the second is that the power generated by the photovoltaic cell is insufficient to supply energy to the load, and the battery cannot supplement the power difference, so the AC grid supplies power to the DC bus and sends the energy to the load; The workflow in grid-connected mode is: Through data acquisition, the control chip matches and judges the voltage of the second port of the router, the third port of the router, the fifth port of the router and the DC _{bus voltage} ; The switch driving circuit sends a control signal to close the switch of the routing port, connect the photovoltaic cell, storage battery and household AC load to the DC bus, collect the voltage and current signals of each routing port through the port sensor acquisition and processing circuit, and connect the control chip to the DC bus Calculate the power of the total power P _pv generated by the photovoltaic cells and the total household load _PL , and then compare the size of P _pv with the household load _{PL. When P L ≦} P _pv , the photovoltaic cells supply power At the same time, if there is surplus energy, charge the battery and continue to detect whether the output power of the second port of the router connected to the photovoltaic battery is still surplus, if there is still surplus energy, feed back the remaining energy through the first port of the router Feed back to the AC power grid; when _PL >P _pv , first check whether the energy storage P _bat of the battery connected to the third port of the router is sufficient to supplement the power shortage, if P _bat ≥ | _PL -P _pv |, it can supplement , to supplement the remaining energy deficit to the electric load; if P _bat <|P _L -P _pv |, it cannot be replenished, and then the AC microgrid is requested for energy to supplement the power deficit, and the AC microgrid supplies the home through the first port power supply for electrical loads. 6. A household energy router according to claim 1, characterized in that, when the first port of the router is connected to the AC grid failure, the AC grid is not connected to the energy router, and the energy router works in the island mode; the island mode The following workflow is: Through data acquisition, the control chip matches and judges the voltage of the second port of the router, the third port of the router, and the fifth port of the router with the DC _{bus voltage} ; The port switch driving circuit sends a control signal to close the routing port switch, connect the photovoltaic battery, storage battery and household AC load to the DC bus, collect the voltage and current signals of each routing port through the port sensor acquisition and processing circuit, and control the chip to connect to the DC bus. Calculate the total power P _pv generated by the photovoltaic cells of the bus and the total household load _PL , and then compare the size of P _pv with the household load _{PL. When P L ≦} P _pv , the photovoltaic cells will At the same time, if there is surplus energy, charge the battery. When _PL > P _pv , first check whether the energy storage P _bat of the battery connected to the third port of the router is sufficient to supplement the power shortage. If P _bat ≥ |P _L -P _pv |, it can replenish the remaining energy deficit to the electric load; if P _bat <|P _L -P _pv |, the battery cannot be replenished, and through data collection, the control chip controls the fourth energy of the router. The voltage of the port is matched with the DC bus voltage, and when the access condition U _dcin = U _dc-bus is met, the diesel generator is connected to the DC bus through the fourth port of the router, and the diesel generator makes up for the energy shortage and supplies power to household loads. can.