CN107748369A - A kind of automatic measurement system and its measuring method of soil sample breathing change - Google Patents

A kind of automatic measurement system and its measuring method of soil sample breathing change Download PDF

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Publication number
CN107748369A
CN107748369A CN201711148873.7A CN201711148873A CN107748369A CN 107748369 A CN107748369 A CN 107748369A CN 201711148873 A CN201711148873 A CN 201711148873A CN 107748369 A CN107748369 A CN 107748369A
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Prior art keywords
mrow
soil sample
laser
measured
msqrt
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Inventor
杜长城
梁志磊
刘璇
冯满
秦育阳
肖娟
肖雨琳
安婷婷
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Changan University
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Changan University
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Priority to CN201711148873.7A priority Critical patent/CN107748369A/en
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
    • G01S17/00—Systems using the reflection or reradiation of electromagnetic waves other than radio waves, e.g. lidar systems
    • G01S17/02—Systems using the reflection of electromagnetic waves other than radio waves
    • G01S17/06—Systems determining position data of a target
    • G01S17/46—Indirect determination of position data
    • G01S17/48—Active triangulation systems, i.e. using the transmission and reflection of electromagnetic waves other than radio waves
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
    • G01B11/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques
    • G01B11/02—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques for measuring length, width or thickness
    • G01B11/06—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques for measuring length, width or thickness for measuring thickness ; e.g. of sheet material

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Radar, Positioning & Navigation (AREA)
  • Remote Sensing (AREA)
  • Length Measuring Devices By Optical Means (AREA)

Abstract

A kind of automatic measurement system and its measuring method of soil sample breathing change, measuring system includes the testboard being arranged in support chassis, soil sample to be measured is placed on testboard, the top of soil sample to be measured is provided with laser displacement sensor component, laser displacement sensor component includes three groups of laser heads being distributed in sustained height plane, three groups of laser heads launch laser pulse after soil sample to be measured reflection simultaneously, are received by laser displacement sensor component.Return is issued to according to three groups of laser pulses received the undergone time during measurement, the distance of three groups of laser heads and soil sample surface to be measured is calculated respectively, the vertical height of laser head and soil sample surface to be measured is calculated again, with reference to the vertical height on laser head and testboard surface, the thickness of soil sample to be measured can be accessed after making the difference.The present invention can avoid contacting with the direct of soil sample to be measured in use, the strain variation of automatic measurement soil sample, and the precision and operating efficiency of detection is greatly improved.

Description

A kind of automatic measurement system and its measuring method of soil sample breathing change
Technical field
The present invention relates to soil sample fields of measurement, and in particular to a kind of automatic measurement system of soil sample breathing change and its measurement Method.
Background technology
The measurement of soil sample breathing change is a kind of common measurement content, traditional measurement side in engineering and soil test Method, the axial displacement that soil is carried out using slide measure, dilatometer or retractometer are measured, and analyze the breathing change of soil sample.
Measurer must all contact with soil sample in these methods, although contact is little, for some soft textures Soil sample, do not allow contact of the measurer with soil sample, impressing or cut otherwise can be left on soil sample surface, influences measurement accuracy.Simultaneously Traditional detection method is measured using manual type mostly, efficiency is low, it is time-consuming it is more, labor intensity is big and measurement point is repeated Difference.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to for above-mentioned the problems of the prior art, there is provided a kind of automatic survey of soil sample breathing change Amount system, the measuring system good reliability, accuracy of detection are high, automaticity is high, are capable of the breathing of non-contact measurement soil sample Change.
To achieve these goals, the automatic measurement system of soil sample breathing change of the present invention includes being arranged in support chassis Testboard, soil sample to be measured is placed on testboard, the top of soil sample to be measured is provided with laser displacement sensor component, and laser displacement passes Sensor component includes three groups of laser heads being distributed in sustained height plane, and three groups of laser heads launch laser pulse by treating simultaneously After surveying soil sample reflection, received by laser displacement sensor component；It is issued to return according to three groups of laser pulses and is received and undergoes Time, calculate the distance of three groups of laser heads and soil sample surface to be measured respectively, then calculate laser head and soil sample table to be measured The vertical height in face, with reference to the vertical height on laser head and testboard surface, the thickness of soil sample to be measured can be accessed after making the difference.
Support frame is installed, laser displacement sensor component is arranged on the upper of soil sample to be measured by support frame in support chassis Side.
Described laser displacement sensor component is connected by height adjustment knob with support frame, is set on described support frame It is equipped with the high activity chute that can be engaged with height adjustment knob.
Described laser displacement sensor component integral type connection touch screen computer control system.
There is USB interface and touch screen control button in described touch screen computer control system.
It is provided with described testboard for adjusting from the longitudinally adjusted knob of position in support chassis and level Adjust knob.
The method for automatic measurement of soil sample breathing change of the present invention, comprises the following steps：
1) soil sample to be measured made is placed on testboard；
2) soil sample to be measured is adjusted to three groups of laser heads of face, and adjusts the height of laser displacement sensor component；
3) three groups of laser heads are opened, are allowed to launch laser pulse to soil sample to be measured, laser pulse reflects by soil sample to be measured Afterwards, received by laser displacement sensor component, recording laser pulse is issued to return and is received undergone time t；
4) soil sample thickness d to be measured is calculated according to the following formula：
D=s-h；
In above formula, h is vertical height of the laser head to soil sample surface to be measured；
S is height of the laser head to testboard surface.
The circular of the h is as follows：
θ 1, θ 2, θ 3 (angle of laser beam and perpendicular bisector) are inputted, by t1, (three laser beams are sent to return certainly by t2, t3 The time of experience) bring formula into：
L1=(v*t1)/2,
L2=(v*t2)/2,
L3=(v*t3)/2, v is the light velocity；
Bring L1, L2, L3 (length of laser beam) into formula again：
A1=L1*sin θ 1；
A2=L2*sin θ 2；
A3=L3*sin θ 3；
B1=L1*cos θ 1；
B2=L2*cos θ 2；
B3=L3*cos θ 3；
1) as b1 ≠ b2 and b1 ≠ b3：
U3=- (a1+b1*u2)；
Finally bring formula into：
As b1=b2：
U2=(a1*a2+a2*a3+a1*a3)/(a2* (b3-b1))；
U3=- (u2*b1+a1)；
2) as b1=b3：
U2=(a1*a2+a2*a3+a1*a3)/(a3* (b2-b1))；
U3=- (u2*b1+a1)；
3) as b1=b2=b3：
H=b1=b2=b3.
Compared with prior art, soil sample to be measured is placed on testboard by measuring system of the present invention, utilizes three groups of laser heads Soil sample transmitting laser pulse to be measured is directed at, after soil sample to be measured reflection, laser scatters to all directions, and some scattered light returns to sharp Optical displacement sensor component is received, and being issued to return according to laser pulse is received the undergone time, calculates three groups respectively Laser head and the distance on soil sample surface to be measured, then the vertical height of laser head and soil sample surface to be measured is calculated, with reference to laser head With the vertical height on testboard surface, the thickness of soil sample to be measured can be accessed after making the difference.Measuring system of the present invention uses module Formula structure, it is safe and reliable, automaticity is high, can remote-controlled operation, can avoid in use and soil sample to be measured Directly contact, the precision and operating efficiency of detection is greatly improved in the strain variation of automatic measurement soil sample, and also allow for into The maintenance and replacing of row parts, provided convenience to save use cost, be easy to the popularization and application in production and teaching.
Compared with prior art, measuring method of the present invention can thoroughly overcome artificial hand compared with traditional manual mode The shortcomings that dynamic detection, reduce the disturbance to soil sample to be measured, so as to improve the measurement accuracy of soil sample thickness change.
Brief description of the drawings
The overall structure front view of Fig. 1 present invention；
The overall structure side view of Fig. 2 present invention；
The operation principle schematic diagram of Fig. 3 present invention；
The general principle flow chart of Fig. 4 present invention；
In accompanying drawing：1- support chassis；2- connecting bolts；3- support frames；4- testboards；The longitudinally adjusted knobs of 5-；6- is horizontal Adjust knob；7- laser heads；8- laser displacement sensor components；9- touch screen computer control systems；10- height adjustment knobs； 11- high activity chutes；12-USB interfaces；13- touch screen control buttons.
Embodiment
The present invention is described in further detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
Referring to Fig. 1-2, the present invention includes mounting system, laser displacement measurement system and computer data processing system.
Mounting system is made up of support chassis 1, support frame 3, testboard 4；Laser displacement measurement system by laser head 7, swash Optical displacement sensor component 8, height adjustment knob 10 and high activity chute 11 form；Computer data processing system is tactile Shield computer control system 9.Specifically, the present invention includes the testboard 4 being arranged in support chassis 1, places and treats on testboard 4 Soil sample is surveyed, the top of soil sample to be measured is provided with laser displacement sensor component 8, and laser displacement sensor component 8 includes usb 12 And three groups of laser heads 7 in sustained height plane are distributed in, laser displacement sensor component 8 is arranged on by support frame 3 and treated Survey the top of soil sample.Longitudinally adjusted knob 5 and horizontal adjustment knob 6 are installed on testboard 4.Laser displacement sensor component 8 It is connected by height adjustment knob 10 with support frame 3, the height that can be engaged with height adjustment knob 10 is provided with support frame 3 Spend movable sliding 11.Laser displacement sensor component 8 is connected touch screen computer control system 9 with the integral type of laser head 7.Touch screen meter There is usb 12 and touch screen control button 13 in calculation machine control system 9.
Referring to Fig. 3-4, in the use of the present invention, the soil sample to be measured made is placed on testboard 4 first before experiment, indulge Soil sample to be measured is set to be right against three groups of laser heads 7 to adjustment knob 5 and horizontal adjustment knob 6, then rotation height adjusting knob 10, Laser displacement sensor component 8 is in suitable height, click on the beginning testing button in touch screen computer control system 9, Data are obtained, then calculate the data such as thickness change and the strain rate of soil sample, last automatic record and storage.
The start button in touch screen computer control system 9 is clicked on, three groups of rotating lasers first 7 launch laser arteries and veins successively Punching, laser scatters to all directions after target reflects, and some scattered light returns to laser displacement sensor component 8 and received, and remembers Record and handle to be issued to return from laser pulse and received undergone time t, calculate soil sample thickness d to be measured according to the following formula：
D=s-h；
In above formula, h is vertical height of the laser head to soil sample surface to be measured；
S is height of the laser head to testboard surface.
The circular of the h is as follows：
θ 1, θ 2, θ 3 (angle of laser beam and perpendicular bisector) are inputted, by t1, (three laser beams are sent to return certainly by t2, t3 The time of experience) bring formula into：
L1=(v*t1)/2,
L2=(v*t2)/2,
L3=(v*t3)/2, v is the light velocity；
Bring L1, L2, L3 (length of laser beam) into formula again：
A1=L1*sin θ 1；
A2=L2*sin θ 2；
A3=L3*sin θ 3；
B1=L1*cos θ 1；
B2=L2*cos θ 2；
B3=L3*cos θ 3；
1) as b1 ≠ b2 and b1 ≠ b3：
U3=- (a1+b1*u2)；
Finally bring formula into：
As b1=b2：
U2=(a1*a2+a2*a3+a1*a3)/(a2* (b3-b1))；
U3=- (u2*b1+a1)；
2) as b1=b3：
U2=(a1*a2+a2*a3+a1*a3)/(a3* (b2-b1))；
U3=- (u2*b1+a1)；
3) as b1=b2=b3：
H=b1=b2=b3.
Then by soil test correlation formula, the data such as axial strain, the breathing rate of sample to be tested can be obtained, finally Result is shown on computer touch-screen or is transmitted in remote terminal.

Claims (8)

  1. A kind of 1. automatic measurement system of soil sample breathing change, it is characterised in that：Including the test in support chassis (1) Platform (4), soil sample to be measured is placed on testboard (4), the top of soil sample to be measured is provided with laser displacement sensor component (8), laser position Displacement sensor component (8) includes three groups of laser heads (7) being distributed in sustained height plane, and three groups of laser heads (7) are launched simultaneously Laser pulse is received after soil sample to be measured reflection by laser displacement sensor component (8)；
    According to three groups of laser pulses be issued to return is received the undergone time, calculate respectively three groups of laser heads (7) and The distance on soil sample surface to be measured, then calculate the vertical height of laser head (7) and soil sample surface to be measured, with reference to laser head (7) with The vertical height on testboard (4) surface, the thickness of soil sample to be measured can be accessed after making the difference.
  2. 2. the automatic measurement system of soil sample breathing change according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Support chassis is pacified on (1) Support frame (3) is filled, laser displacement sensor component (8) is arranged on the top of soil sample to be measured by support frame (3).
  3. 3. the automatic measurement system of soil sample breathing change according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Described laser displacement passes Sensor component (8) is connected by height adjustment knob (10) with support frame (3), and being provided with described support frame (3) can be with The high activity chute (11) that height adjustment knob (10) is engaged.
  4. 4. the automatic measurement system of soil sample breathing change according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Described laser displacement passes Sensor component (8) integral type connection touch screen computer control system (9).
  5. 5. the automatic measurement system of soil sample breathing change according to claim 4, it is characterised in that：Described touch screen computer There is USB interface (12) and touch screen control button (13) in control system (9).
  6. 6. the automatic measurement system of soil sample breathing change according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Described testboard (4) On be provided with for adjusting from the longitudinally adjusted knob (5) of position and horizontal adjustment knob (6) in support chassis (1).
  7. A kind of 7. survey for the automatic measurement system that soil sample breathing described in any one claim changes in 1-6 based on claim Amount method, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps：
    1) soil sample to be measured made is placed on testboard (4)；
    2) soil sample to be measured is adjusted to three groups of laser heads (7) of face, and adjusts the height of laser displacement sensor component (8)；
    3) three groups of laser heads (7) are opened, are allowed to launch laser pulse to soil sample to be measured, laser pulse reflects by soil sample to be measured Afterwards, received by laser displacement sensor component (8), recording laser pulse is issued to return and is received undergone time t；
    4) soil sample thickness d to be measured is calculated according to the following formula：
    D=s-h；
    In above formula, h is vertical height of the laser head to soil sample surface to be measured；
    S is height of the laser head to testboard surface.
  8. 8. measuring method according to claim 7, it is characterised in that the circular of the h is as follows：
    The angle theta 1 of input laser beam and perpendicular bisector, θ 2, θ 3, time t1, t2 that three laser beams are undergone from sending to returning, T3 brings formula into, and solution obtains length L1, L2, L3 of laser beam；
    L1=(v*t1)/2,
    L2=(v*t2)/2,
    L3=(v*t3)/2, v is the light velocity；
    Bring length L1, L2, L3 of laser beam into formula again：
    A1=L1*sin θ 1；
    A2=L2*sin θ 2；
    A3=L3*sin θ 3；
    B1=L1*cos θ 1；
    B2=L2*cos θ 2；
    B3=L3*cos θ 3；
    1) as b1 ≠ b2 and b1 ≠ b3：
    <mrow> <mi>u</mi> <mn>1</mn> <mo>=</mo> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <mi>a</mi> <mn>2</mn> <mo>+</mo> <mn>2</mn> <mo>*</mo> <mi>a</mi> <mn>1</mn> <mo>+</mo> <mo>(</mo> <mrow> <mi>a</mi> <mn>3</mn> <mo>+</mo> <mn>2</mn> <mo>*</mo> <mi>a</mi> <mn>1</mn> </mrow> <mo>)</mo> <mo>*</mo> <mfrac> <mrow> <mi>b</mi> <mn>1</mn> <mo>-</mo> <mi>b</mi> <mn>2</mn> </mrow> <mrow> <mn>2</mn> <mo>*</mo> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <mi>b</mi> <mn>3</mn> <mo>-</mo> <mi>b</mi> <mn>1</mn> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> </mrow> </mfrac> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> <mo>/</mo> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <msqrt> <mn>3</mn> </msqrt> <mo>*</mo> <mo>(</mo> <mrow> <mi>a</mi> <mn>2</mn> <mo>+</mo> <mi>a</mi> <mn>3</mn> <mo>*</mo> <mfrac> <mrow> <mi>b</mi> <mn>2</mn> <mo>-</mo> <mi>b</mi> <mn>1</mn> </mrow> <mrow> <mi>b</mi> <mn>3</mn> <mo>-</mo> <mi>b</mi> <mn>1</mn> </mrow> </mfrac> </mrow> <mo>)</mo> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> <mo>;</mo> </mrow>
    <mrow> <mi>u</mi> <mn>2</mn> <mo>=</mo> <mfrac> <mrow> <mi>a</mi> <mn>3</mn> <mo>+</mo> <mn>2</mn> <mo>*</mo> <mi>a</mi> <mn>1</mn> <mo>+</mo> <msqrt> <mn>3</mn> </msqrt> <mo>*</mo> <mi>a</mi> <mn>3</mn> <mo>*</mo> <mi>u</mi> <mn>1</mn> </mrow> <mrow> <mn>2</mn> <mo>*</mo> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <mi>b</mi> <mn>3</mn> <mo>-</mo> <mi>b</mi> <mn>1</mn> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> </mrow> </mfrac> <mo>;</mo> </mrow>
    U3=- (a1+b1*u2)；
    Finally bring formula into：
    <mrow> <mi>h</mi> <mo>=</mo> <mrow> <mo>|</mo> <mrow> <mi>u</mi> <mn>3</mn> </mrow> <mo>|</mo> </mrow> <mo>/</mo> <msqrt> <mrow> <mn>1</mn> <mo>+</mo> <mi>u</mi> <mn>1</mn> <mo>*</mo> <mi>u</mi> <mn>1</mn> <mo>+</mo> <mi>u</mi> <mn>2</mn> <mo>*</mo> <mi>u</mi> <mn>2</mn> </mrow> </msqrt> <mo>;</mo> </mrow>
    As b1=b2：
    <mrow> <mi>u</mi> <mn>1</mn> <mo>=</mo> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <mi>a</mi> <mn>2</mn> <mo>+</mo> <mn>2</mn> <mo>*</mo> <mi>a</mi> <mn>1</mn> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> <mo>/</mo> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <msqrt> <mn>3</mn> </msqrt> <mo>*</mo> <mi>a</mi> <mn>2</mn> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> <mo>;</mo> </mrow>
    U2=(a1*a2+a2*a3+a1*a3)/(a2* (b3-b1))；
    U3=- (u2*b1+a1)；
    <mrow> <mi>h</mi> <mo>=</mo> <mrow> <mo>|</mo> <mrow> <mi>u</mi> <mn>3</mn> </mrow> <mo>|</mo> </mrow> <mo>/</mo> <msqrt> <mrow> <mn>1</mn> <mo>+</mo> <mi>u</mi> <mn>1</mn> <mo>*</mo> <mi>u</mi> <mn>1</mn> <mo>+</mo> <mi>u</mi> <mn>2</mn> <mo>*</mo> <mi>u</mi> <mn>2</mn> </mrow> </msqrt> <mo>;</mo> </mrow>
    2) as b1=b3：
    <mrow> <mi>u</mi> <mn>1</mn> <mo>=</mo> <mo>-</mo> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <mi>a</mi> <mn>3</mn> <mo>+</mo> <mn>2</mn> <mo>*</mo> <mi>a</mi> <mn>1</mn> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> <mo>/</mo> <mo>-</mo> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <msqrt> <mn>3</mn> </msqrt> <mo>*</mo> <mi>a</mi> <mn>3</mn> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> <mo>;</mo> </mrow>
    U2=(a1*a2+a2*a3+a1*a3)/(a3* (b2-b1))；
    U3=- (u2*b1+a1)；
    <mrow> <mi>h</mi> <mo>=</mo> <mrow> <mo>|</mo> <mrow> <mi>u</mi> <mn>3</mn> </mrow> <mo>|</mo> </mrow> <mo>/</mo> <msqrt> <mrow> <mn>1</mn> <mo>+</mo> <mi>u</mi> <mn>1</mn> <mo>*</mo> <mi>u</mi> <mn>1</mn> <mo>+</mo> <mi>u</mi> <mn>2</mn> <mo>*</mo> <mi>u</mi> <mn>2</mn> </mrow> </msqrt> <mo>;</mo> </mrow>
    3) as b1=b2=b3：
    H=b1=b2=b3.
CN201711148873.7A 2017-11-17 2017-11-17 A kind of automatic measurement system and its measuring method of soil sample breathing change Pending CN107748369A (en)

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN112304234A (en) * 2020-11-06 2021-02-02 上海市政工程设计研究总院（集团）有限公司 Automatic measuring device and measuring method for expansion and shrinkage changes of concrete blocks

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN201110853Y (en) * 2007-12-05 2008-09-03 中国科学院武汉岩土力学研究所 Non-contact type rock soil shrinkage test apparatus
CN205156867U (en) * 2015-10-30 2016-04-13 长安大学 Marshall test piece height measurement device
CN206281459U (en) * 2016-12-14 2017-06-27 常州高晟传感技术有限公司 A kind of non-contact laser calibrator
CN107328922A (en) * 2017-08-28 2017-11-07 哈尔滨工业大学 The test device that foam concrete volume is deformed under the conditions of a kind of steam curing
CN207488499U (en) * 2017-11-17 2018-06-12 长安大学 A kind of automatic measuring instrument of soil sample breathing variation

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN201110853Y (en) * 2007-12-05 2008-09-03 中国科学院武汉岩土力学研究所 Non-contact type rock soil shrinkage test apparatus
CN205156867U (en) * 2015-10-30 2016-04-13 长安大学 Marshall test piece height measurement device
CN206281459U (en) * 2016-12-14 2017-06-27 常州高晟传感技术有限公司 A kind of non-contact laser calibrator
CN107328922A (en) * 2017-08-28 2017-11-07 哈尔滨工业大学 The test device that foam concrete volume is deformed under the conditions of a kind of steam curing
CN207488499U (en) * 2017-11-17 2018-06-12 长安大学 A kind of automatic measuring instrument of soil sample breathing variation

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN112304234A (en) * 2020-11-06 2021-02-02 上海市政工程设计研究总院（集团）有限公司 Automatic measuring device and measuring method for expansion and shrinkage changes of concrete blocks

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Application publication date: 20180302