CN107748104B - Method for testing interlayer bonding strength of 3D printing building structure - Google Patents
Method for testing interlayer bonding strength of 3D printing building structure Download PDFInfo
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- CN107748104B CN107748104B CN201710790190.5A CN201710790190A CN107748104B CN 107748104 B CN107748104 B CN 107748104B CN 201710790190 A CN201710790190 A CN 201710790190A CN 107748104 B CN107748104 B CN 107748104B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/08—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying steady tensile or compressive forces
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N19/00—Investigating materials by mechanical methods
- G01N19/04—Measuring adhesive force between materials, e.g. of sealing tape, of coating
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for testing interlayer bonding strength of a 3D printed building structure, which comprises the following steps: printing a bottom layer sample and a top layer sample which are equal in width, height and length by adopting a 3D printing technology to form a concrete member sample; after a concrete member sample is maintained and dried, connecting pieces are fixed on the two sides of the bottom layer sample and the top layer sample to form a test sample, and a slot is formed in a gap between the two connecting pieces on the same side of the bottom layer sample and the top layer sample; placing an inverted T-shaped test piece and a T-shaped test piece at two ends of a test sample respectively, wherein the inverted T-shaped test piece and the T-shaped test piece are fixed on the bottom surface and the upper pressing surface of loading equipment respectively and are inserted into slots; and applying load to the test sample to break at a constant speed through loading equipment, measuring the area of the interlayer joint surface, and obtaining the interlayer bonding strength according to the maximum pressure value applied by the loading equipment. The method for testing the interlayer bonding strength of the 3D printing building structure is convenient to implement and good in reliability.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of building material performance detection, in particular to a method for testing interlayer bonding strength of a 3D printing building structure.
Background
3D printing is a construction mode of superposing two-dimensional graphs layer by layer according to a digital model to finally form a three-dimensional entity. Compared with the traditional manufacturing mode, the additive manufacturing mode has higher flexibility, diversity and economy, is applied to various industries such as medical treatment, automobile industry, molds, design, aerospace, food and the like, and is one of the main directions of future technical development.
In the building field, the application of the 3D printing technology can subvert the current situations of high energy consumption and high pollution of the traditional building mode, greatly enrich the modern building manufacturing mode and indicate the direction for building industrialization in China. However, the current 3D printing technology application still remains in the products with low requirements on structural performance, such as the construction of small components with complex structures and low-rise houses. The reason is that the 3D printing is different from the traditional formwork pouring forming, the limitation of the density between layers is caused when the 3D printing is continuously and quickly built, and the difference of the hardening speed of the interlayer materials enables the mechanical property of the printing structure to be only dependent on the combination effect between the strength of the filamentous materials and the interlayer of the drawing. However, the existing method for testing and evaluating the bonding performance of the building structure is not suitable for a special interlayer combination mode of 3D printing.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention mainly aims to provide a method for testing the interlayer bonding strength of a 3D printing building structure, which is convenient to implement.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides a method for testing interlayer bonding strength of a 3D printing building structure, which comprises the following steps:
printing a bottom layer sample and a top layer sample which are equal in width, height and length by adopting a 3D printing technology to form a concrete member sample;
after a concrete member sample is maintained and dried, connecting pieces are fixed on the two sides of the bottom layer sample and the top layer sample to form a test sample, and a slot is formed in a gap between the two connecting pieces on the same side of the bottom layer sample and the top layer sample;
placing an inverted T-shaped test piece and a T-shaped test piece at two ends of a test sample respectively, wherein the inverted T-shaped test piece and the T-shaped test piece are fixed on the bottom surface and the upper pressing surface of loading equipment respectively and are inserted into slots;
and applying a load to the test sample to break at a constant speed through a loading device, measuring the area S of the interlayer joint surface, and obtaining the interlayer bonding strength P = F/S according to the maximum pressure value F applied by the loading device.
Preferably, the socket includes a first socket portion of a V-shaped groove and a second socket portion of a rectangular parallelepiped shape, and the inverted T-shaped test piece and the T-shaped test piece are accommodated in the first socket portion before pressurization.
Preferably, when placing the test piece of falling T shape and T shape test piece respectively at the both ends of test sample, placed the V-arrangement filler strip of falling V-arrangement above the test piece of falling T shape, placed the V-arrangement filler strip between T shape test piece and first slot part.
Preferably, the inverted V-shaped filler strip and the V-shaped filler strip are made of cork or high polymer materials.
Preferably, the connecting piece is a trapezoidal connecting piece, and the fixing of the connecting piece adopts a gluing or pre-embedding mode.
Preferably, the direction parallel to the longitudinal direction of the concrete member sample and the second groove portion is the longitudinal direction thereof, and the length of the connector is not less than the length of the concrete member sample.
Preferably, the inverted T-shaped test piece and the T-shaped test piece are both V-shaped test indenters on the side facing the test sample, and the V-shaped included angle of the test indenter is smaller than the V-shaped included angle of the first slot part.
Preferably, the length of the test indenter is not less than the length of the concrete member sample.
Preferably, the length of the concrete member specimen is not more than 150 mm.
The method for testing the bonding strength between the layers of the 3D printing building structure can detect the advantages and disadvantages of the bonding performance between the layers of the structure formed by the actual 3D printing stacking construction mode, and has the advantages of visual detection effect and high accuracy of the detection result. In addition, the test method has the advantages of simplicity, reasonability, rapidness in operation, good reliability, low equipment manufacturing and using cost and strong practicability.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a 3D printing method for testing interlayer bonding strength of a building structure in implementation;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a test sample manufactured by the 3D printing method for testing the interlayer bonding strength of the building structure;
FIG. 3 is a schematic flow chart of the method for testing interlayer bonding strength of a 3D printed building structure according to the invention.
In the figure, 1, bottom layer sample; 2. a top layer sample; 3. a connecting member; 4. an inverted T-shaped test piece; 5. an inverted V-shaped filler strip; 6. a T-shaped test piece; 7. a V-shaped filler strip; 8. the test specimens were tested.
The implementation, functional features and advantages of the objects of the present invention will be further explained with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Detailed Description
It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.
It should be noted that in the description of the present invention, the terms "lateral", "longitudinal", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc. indicate orientations or positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience of description and simplicity of description, and do not indicate or imply that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
Referring to fig. 1 to 3, in the preferred embodiment, a method for testing interlayer bonding strength of a 3D printed building structure includes the following steps:
step S10, printing (uniformly printing) a bottom layer sample 1 and a top layer sample 2 with equal width, equal height and equal length by adopting a 3D printing technology to form a concrete member sample;
step S20, after the concrete member sample is maintained and dried, connecting pieces 3 are fixed on the two sides of the bottom layer sample 1 and the top layer sample 2 to form a test sample 8, and a slot is formed in a gap between the two connecting pieces 3 on the same side of the bottom layer sample 1 and the top layer sample 2;
step S30, placing an inverted T-shaped test piece 4 and a T-shaped test piece 6 at two ends of a test sample 8 respectively, wherein the inverted T-shaped test piece 4 and the T-shaped test piece 6 are fixed on the bottom surface and the upper pressing surface of loading equipment respectively and inserted into a slot;
and step S40, applying load to the two sides of the slot at a constant speed through loading equipment until the test sample 8 is broken, measuring the area S of the interlayer joint surface, and obtaining the interlayer bonding strength P = F/S according to the maximum pressure value F applied by the loading equipment.
Specifically, in the present embodiment, the socket includes a first socket portion of a V-shaped groove and a second socket portion of a rectangular parallelepiped shape, and the inverted T-shaped test piece 4 and the T-shaped test piece 6 are accommodated in the first socket portion before pressurization. When placing inverted T shape test piece 4 and T shape test piece 6 respectively at test sample 8's both ends, placed inverted V-arrangement filler strip 5 in inverted T shape test piece 4 top, placed V-arrangement filler strip 7 between T shape test piece 6 and first slot part. The inverted V-shaped filler strip 5 and the V-shaped filler strip 7 are made of cork or high polymer materials. The connecting piece 3 is a trapezoidal connecting piece 3, and the fixing adopts a gluing or pre-embedding mode.
Further, the direction parallel to the length direction of the concrete member sample and the second slot portion is the length direction (i.e. the Z-axis direction in fig. 2), and the length of the connecting piece 3 is not less than the length of the concrete member sample, so that the interlayer connection performance can be accurately measured.
The T-shaped test piece 6 and the inverted T-shaped test piece 4 both comprise a test pressure head and a test base. Further, the inverted T-shaped test piece 4 and the T-shaped test piece 6 are both V-shaped test indenters on the side facing the test sample 8, and the V-shaped included angle of the test indenter is smaller than the V-shaped included angle of the first slot part. The bevel angle of the connecting piece 3 is 45 degrees, and the V-shaped angle of the testing pressure head is smaller than 90 degrees.
Further, the length of the testing pressure head is not less than that of the concrete member sample, so that the side face of the first slot part is uniformly stressed when the loading equipment applies load.
Specifically, in this embodiment, the length of the concrete member specimen is not greater than 150mm to match the pressure tester.
When the interlayer strength is tested, an inverted T-shaped test piece 4 is fixed on the bottom surface of loading equipment, an inverted V-shaped pad strip 5 is placed at the top end of the inverted T-shaped test piece 4, a test sample 8 is placed on the inverted T-shaped test piece 4 along the vertical direction of an interlayer connection surface, and the end surface of the inverted V-shaped pad strip 5 is enabled to be superposed with the first slot parts of the two connecting pieces 3 on one side of the test sample 8; a V-shaped gasket 7 which is overlapped with the first slot part is arranged on the other side of the test sample 8, the T-shaped test piece 6 is horizontally fixed on the upper pressing surface of the loading equipment, and the bottom end of the T-shaped test piece is arranged in the center of the V-shaped gasket 7; then, carrying out axial ballasting, controlling the loading rate to be uniform, recording the maximum loading force value during the damage when the component sample is damaged, measuring the area S of the interlayer joint surface, and obtaining the interlayer bonding strength P = F/S according to the maximum pressure value F applied by loading equipment; the detection of the plurality of member samples is repeated, and finally, the average value of the breaking strength of the plurality of test samples 8 is obtained.
The method for testing the bonding strength between the layers of the 3D printing building structure can detect the advantages and disadvantages of the bonding performance between the layers of the structure formed by the actual 3D printing stacking construction mode, and has the advantages of visual detection effect and high accuracy of the detection result. In addition, the test method has the advantages of simplicity, reasonability, rapidness in operation, good reliability, low equipment manufacturing and using cost and strong practicability.
The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and all equivalent structural changes made by using the contents of the present specification and the drawings, or any other related technical fields, are intended to be covered by the scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. A test method for interlayer bonding strength of a 3D printed building structure is characterized by comprising the following steps:
printing a bottom layer sample and a top layer sample which are equal in width, height and length by adopting a 3D printing technology to form a concrete member sample;
after a concrete member sample is maintained and dried, connecting pieces are fixed on the two sides of the bottom layer sample and the top layer sample to form a test sample, and a slot is formed in a gap between the two connecting pieces on the same side of the bottom layer sample and the top layer sample;
placing an inverted T-shaped test piece and a T-shaped test piece at two ends of a test sample respectively, wherein the inverted T-shaped test piece and the T-shaped test piece are fixed on the bottom surface and the upper pressing surface of loading equipment respectively and are inserted into slots;
applying load to the test sample to break at a constant speed through loading equipment, measuring the area S of the interlayer joint surface, and obtaining the interlayer bonding strength P = F/S according to the maximum pressure value F applied by the loading equipment;
the slot comprises a first slot part with a V-shaped slot and a second slot part with a cuboid shape, and the inverted T-shaped test piece and the T-shaped test piece are accommodated in the first slot part before pressurization; when placing shape test piece of falling T and T test piece respectively at the both ends of test sample, placed the V-arrangement filler strip of falling V-arrangement above the shape test piece of falling T, placed the V-arrangement filler strip between T shape test piece and first slot part.
2. The method for testing interlayer bonding strength of a 3D printed building structure according to claim 1, wherein the inverted V-shaped filler strip and the V-shaped filler strip are made of cork or high polymer materials.
3. The method for testing the interlayer bonding strength of the 3D printed building structure according to claim 1, wherein the connecting piece is a trapezoidal connecting piece, and the connecting piece is fixed in a gluing or pre-embedding manner.
4. The method for testing interlayer bonding strength of a 3D printed building structure according to claim 1, wherein the direction parallel to the length direction of the concrete member sample and the second groove part is the length direction thereof, and the length of the connecting member is not less than the length of the concrete member sample.
5. The method for testing the interlayer bonding strength of the 3D printed building structure according to claim 1, wherein the inverted T-shaped test piece and the T-shaped test piece are V-shaped test indenters on the sides facing the test sample, and the V-shaped included angle of each test indenter is smaller than the V-shaped included angle of the first slot part.
6. The method for testing the interlayer bonding strength of a 3D printed architectural structure of claim 5, wherein the length of the test indenter is not less than the length of the concrete member sample.
7. The method for testing interlayer bonding strength of a 3D printed building structure according to any one of claims 4 to 6, wherein the length of the concrete member sample is not more than 150 mm.
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