CN1077471C - Process for preparing gradient function material by foam metal interlayer method - Google Patents
Process for preparing gradient function material by foam metal interlayer method Download PDFInfo
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- CN1077471C CN1077471C CN99110066A CN99110066A CN1077471C CN 1077471 C CN1077471 C CN 1077471C CN 99110066 A CN99110066 A CN 99110066A CN 99110066 A CN99110066 A CN 99110066A CN 1077471 C CN1077471 C CN 1077471C
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- Prior art keywords
- foam metal
- intermediate layer
- metal
- foam
- gradient
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- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 37
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 37
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 29
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 26
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 18
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title abstract description 3
- 239000011229 interlayer Substances 0.000 title abstract 4
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052602 gypsum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000010440 gypsum Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000007747 plating Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000004927 fusion Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- PASHVRUKOFIRIK-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium sulfate dihydrate Chemical compound O.O.[Ca+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O PASHVRUKOFIRIK-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000000151 deposition Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000008646 thermal stress Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000010953 base metal Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000008204 material by function Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Alumina Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 6
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229910010271 silicon carbide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000004411 aluminium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000009750 centrifugal casting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005229 chemical vapour deposition Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000005012 migration Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000013508 migration Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000005240 physical vapour deposition Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910001369 Brass Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052581 Si3N4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010951 brass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002950 deficient Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000011065 in-situ storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910001338 liquidmetal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000012466 permeate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007750 plasma spraying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 1
- HQVNEWCFYHHQES-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon nitride Chemical compound N12[Si]34N5[Si]62N3[Si]51N64 HQVNEWCFYHHQES-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000002269 spontaneous effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000017105 transposition Effects 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a process for preparing gradient functional materials by a foam metal interlayer method, which belongs to the field of metal base composite materials. Pretreated ceramic powdery granules and molten base metal which are used as raw materials are poured into a centrifugal mold tube provided with a foam metal interlayer; the foam metal interlayer slows down the transfer and the deposition of materials under the action of high speed centrifugal force to realize the connection of structural gradients so as to obtain the gradient functional material of a thermal stress release type. The structure, the component and the performance of the material present a gradient distribution, and a large gradient material can be obtained due to the simple preparation process. The material can be widely applied to the fields of spaceflight, aviation, automobile engines, wear resistance, corrosion resistance, etc.
Description
A kind ofly prepare the method for function-graded material, belong to field of compound material with the foam metal intermediate layer
The preparation method of known function-graded material mainly contains chemical vapor deposition (CVD), physical vapour deposition (PVD) (PCD), plasma spraying, laser melting coating, self-propagating high-temperature synthetic (SHS), powder sintered etc., but exist preparation technology's means complexity, cycle long, the properties of product price is than low, apparatus expensive, can not prepare problems such as massive material.The centrifugal casting gradient composites is a kind of short flow process, gradient composites preparation method cheaply, development in recent years is rapid, spontaneous and the artificial gradient composites of centrifugal casting occurred, but in-situ graded composite has determined the narrow of its application surface owing to be subjected to the restriction of material system; And there is defective in artificial gradient composites on its gradient-structure, promptly under centrifugal force field and curing condition, the distribution that two kinds of materials of density contrast are arranged not is the gradient distribution on the complete meaning, can only form comparatively desirable gradient-structure in certain part of its section, when particularly two constituent density contrasts are big, all the more so.
The objective of the invention is to adopt centrifugal force-foam metal intermediate layer method, by foam metal intermediate layer functionally gradient material (FGM) that effect obtains to have complete gradient-structure that slows down to the migration of the second phase ion, deposition in centrifugal force field, the structure of this finished material, composition, performance are complete gradient and distribute, and technological process is simple, can prepare the bulk functionally gradient material (FGM).
The present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions.
Fig. 1 is a process chart of the present invention.
Adopt pretreated ceramic powder particle (aluminium oxide, carborundum, silicon nitride etc.), melting parent metal to do Be raw material, mix in advance, pour into the centrifugal mold pipe that the foam metal intermediate layer is housed and has preheat temperature In, High Rotation Speed, under the seepage flow of centrifugal force and foam metal, the effect adsorbing, stop, liquid metal with Granular pottery by the hole in foam metal intermediate layer permeate, convection current, transposition, utilize in the middle of the foam metal Layer slows down material migration deposition, realizes inside and outside circumference place and near foam metal intermediate layer and Gradient connect, by the control to foam metal intermediate layer and process, obtain complete thermal stress relieve type The material of gradient-structure.
The uniform metal of surface chemical plating (nickel plating or copper) layer is adopted in the preliminary treatment of ceramic powder particle. The foam gold The preparation that belongs to the intermediate layer is to adopt the Pressure-seepage Flow method, carries out in two steps, at first land plaster is made 0.5-2mm's Particle adds 1 gram organic solvent as adhesive, 450-500 ℃ of temperature in every 8-12 gram gypsum sand Lower sintering 2-5 hour, obtain prefabricated section; It is together pre-under 400 ℃ of temperature that second step is put into mould with prefabricated section Heat pours into molten metal liquid, metal is infiltrated in the prefabricated section, last water Gypsum is dissolved away, namely obtain foam metal.
Each operation technical conditions is as follows:
1, ceramic powder particle granularity; The 50--200 order
2, raw material preheating temperature: 400-600 ℃;
3, mix mixing speed: 100-300 rev/mins
4, cast temperature: greater than parent metal fusing point 20-100 degree;
5, pattern preheat temperature: 0.5-0.8 parent metal fusing point doubly;
6, intermediate layer foam metal: through hole, porosity are 50-80%, aperture 0.1-10mm;
7, centrifuge speed: 1000-2500 rev/mins;
The advantage and the good effect that have of the present invention compared with prior art:
1, can obtain the complete functionally gradient material (FGM) of gradient-structure;
The functionally gradient material (FGM) that 2, can prepare bulk;
3, the equipment needed thereby condition is simple, can accomplish scale production.
Embodiment one:
Aluminium oxide powder (100 order) carries out being preheating to 450 degree with crucible after chemical nickel plating on surface is handled, mix with fusion cast aluminium 101 (ZL101) alloy, speed with 100-200 rev/mins mixes, the centrifugal pattern that pour into preheating 400 degree, rotates at a high speed, preset the foam copper of porosity 70%, aperture 0.5mm in the centrifugal pattern, the control centrifugal rotational speed is 2000 rev/mins, can obtain the aluminium oxide-foam copper intermediate layer-cast aluminium alloy function-graded material of structural integrity.
Embodiment two:
After carborundum powder (150 order) carries out Electroless copper, be preheating to 600 degree with crucible, mix with the fusion basis brass, speed with 100-200 rev/mins mixes, the centrifugal pattern that pour into preheating 650 degree, rotates at a high speed, preset the foam copper of porosity 70%, aperture 0.5mm in the centrifugal pattern, the control centrifugal rotational speed is 2000 rev/mins, can obtain the basis brass-foam copper intermediate layer-carborundum function-graded material of structural integrity.
Claims (3)
1, a kind ofly prepare the method for function-graded material, it is characterized in that with the foam metal intermediate layer:
1) technological process is to adopt the parent metal of pretreated ceramic powder particle, fusion as raw material, pour into after mixing in advance and the foam metal intermediate layer is housed and has in the centrifugal pattern of preheat temperature, rotation at a high speed, by control, obtain the function-graded material of complete gradient-structure to foam metal intermediate layer and process;
2) process conditions:
Ceramic powder particle granularity: 50-200 order;
Raw material preheating temperature: 400-600 ℃;
Mix mixing speed: 100-300 rev/min;
Cast temperature: greater than parent metal fusing point 20-100 degree;
Pattern preheat temperature: 0.5-0.8 parent metal fusing point doubly;
The intermediate layer foam metal: through hole, porosity are 50-80%, aperture 0.1-10mm;
Centrifuge speed: 1000-2500 rev/min;
2, according to claim 1ly prepare the method for function-graded material with the foam metal intermediate layer, it is characterized in that: the method for surface chemical metal plating layer is adopted in the preliminary treatment of ceramic powder particle.
3, the method for preparing function-graded material with the foam metal intermediate layer according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the preparation in foam metal intermediate layer is to adopt the pressure THROUGH METHOD, carry out in two steps, at first land plaster is made the particle of 0.5-2mm, in every 8-12 gram gypsum sand, add 1 gram organic solvent as adhesive, at 450-500 ℃ of sintering temperature 2-5 hour, obtain prefabricated section; Second step was put into mould preheating under 400 ℃ of temperature together with prefabricated section, and molten metal liquid is poured into, and metal is infiltrated in the prefabricated section, and last water melts gypsum fall, and promptly obtains foam metal.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN99110066A CN1077471C (en) | 1999-06-30 | 1999-06-30 | Process for preparing gradient function material by foam metal interlayer method |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN99110066A CN1077471C (en) | 1999-06-30 | 1999-06-30 | Process for preparing gradient function material by foam metal interlayer method |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1245096A CN1245096A (en) | 2000-02-23 |
| CN1077471C true CN1077471C (en) | 2002-01-09 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN99110066A Expired - Fee Related CN1077471C (en) | 1999-06-30 | 1999-06-30 | Process for preparing gradient function material by foam metal interlayer method |
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Families Citing this family (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101773993B (en) * | 2009-01-13 | 2012-04-18 | 广东海洋大学 | Method for preparing foam aluminium sandwich structure |
| CN103231036A (en) * | 2013-05-02 | 2013-08-07 | 昆明理工大学 | Centrifugal overflowing part with compounded inner surface and preparation process for overflowing part |
| CN107574329B (en) * | 2017-09-06 | 2019-06-04 | 北京科技大学 | A kind of hypergravity seepage flow prepares the method and device of through-hole foamed metal |
| CN110560657B (en) * | 2019-09-10 | 2021-02-09 | 清华大学天津高端装备研究院洛阳先进制造产业研发基地 | Ceramic hollow sphere/titanium-based composite foam material and centrifugal casting method thereof |
| CN112846126B (en) * | 2020-12-31 | 2022-05-17 | 北京科技大学 | Melt flow rate adjusting system and method of multi-component radial functional gradient material equipment |
Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1042502A (en) * | 1988-11-11 | 1990-05-30 | 诺瓦·萨米姆公司 | The method that contains the matrix material of controlled content of reinforcer agent with metal matrix production |
| CN1173409A (en) * | 1997-06-09 | 1998-02-18 | 北京科技大学 | Cosedimentation for preparing stainless steel-zirconium oxide continuous gradient functional material |
-
1999
- 1999-06-30 CN CN99110066A patent/CN1077471C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1042502A (en) * | 1988-11-11 | 1990-05-30 | 诺瓦·萨米姆公司 | The method that contains the matrix material of controlled content of reinforcer agent with metal matrix production |
| CN1173409A (en) * | 1997-06-09 | 1998-02-18 | 北京科技大学 | Cosedimentation for preparing stainless steel-zirconium oxide continuous gradient functional material |
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| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN1245096A (en) | 2000-02-23 |
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