A kind of preparation method of auto parts and components titanium alloy material
Technical field
The present invention relates to titanium alloy material field, in particular to a kind of auto parts and components titanium alloy material
Preparation method.
Background technique
Titanium alloy is widely used in because itself has the characteristics such as high intensity, corrosion resistance and heat-resisting, resistance to cold
The fields such as aerospace, ocean power generation and chemical industry smelting.Currently, risen by international oil price and people's living standard is improved to vapour
The influence that vehicle demand increases, titanium alloy start to be widely applied to automobile industry, mitigate the weight of automobile with this and promote automobile
Comprehensive performance, titanium alloy gradually approved by automaker in the superior function of auto manufacturing.With smelting technique and
The continuous improvement and innovation of preparation process, inexpensive titanium alloy are developed therewith, and start widely to answer titanium alloy
For in the manufacture of general-utility car.For example, automobile titanium alloy spring can reduce 60% weight, spring compared to steel spring
Height also decreases 40%.
It mainly include connecting rod, camshaft, air valve, valve spring with the auto parts and components that titanium alloy produces current
With some other important auxiliary accessories, such as exhaust pipe, muffler, pendulum spring and obturator etc..Titanium alloy at present
Type for auto parts and components production is mainly based on industrially pure titanium and titanium alloy.Using the main reason for industrially pure titanium not only
Its light weight is provided simultaneously with good temperature-room type plasticity and corrosion resistance.And using titanium alloy other than having the characteristics of light weight,
There are also excellent synthesis mechanics and corrosion resistance.
Auto parts and components are not single to bear the reciprocal Tensile or Compressive Loading of low-cycle fatigue in working condition, while to bear yet
The brought centrifugal force shock loading that runs at high speed of high cycle fatigue.So being wanted for auto parts and components titanium alloy material
Asking not only will have good tensile strength to realize the requirement of high cycle fatigue, and additionally having excellent plasticity, to reach low week tired
The requirement of labor.
Summary of the invention
In order to solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention provides a kind of preparation sides of auto parts and components titanium alloy material
Method enables titanium alloy material to have excellent strong modeling cooperation, and fatigue resistance and service life are good in application.Specifically such as
Under:
A kind of preparation method of auto parts and components titanium alloy material, it is characterised in that: the composition of the titanium alloy material
The mass percent of Al is greater than the sum of the mass percent of the every other element in addition to Ti in ingredient;The titanium alloy material
Preparation method the following steps are included:
(1) cast the titanium alloy material, after through multiway forging be swaged into titanium alloy slab, cogging forging temperature is phase
More than height 100 ~ 200 DEG C, forming forging temperature is 20 ~ 50 DEG C of transformation temperature or less;
(2) titanium alloy slab is heated in heating furnace 850 ~ 900 DEG C, comes out of the stove and carries out the heat through 5 ~ 7 passages
It rolls, temperature control is in 650 ~ 800 DEG C of ranges, and finishing temperature is 650 ~ 670 DEG C, and water cooling or air-cooled after rolling, cooling velocity is greater than
It 10 ~ 15 DEG C/s, is finally batched when being lower than 500 DEG C;
(3) titanium alloy slab after the hot rolling is cold worked, make the titanium alloy material have first part and with it is described
The first part is carried out the cold working that deflection is greater than 25% by the adjacent second part of first part, and by described second
Part carries out the cold working of 5 ~ 10% deflection fewer than the first part;
(4) by the titanium alloy material after the cold working by the way of induction heating, 680 ~ 720 DEG C are heated to, heat preservation
Time is 0.5 ~ 1h, is air-cooled to room temperature, and then reheating keeps the temperature water quenching after 1 ~ 2h, then 550 ~ 600 to 650 ~ 700 DEG C
DEG C tempering 1 ~ 2h of heat preservation, is air-cooled to room temperature then to get to auto parts and components titanium alloy material;
Preferably, the dislocation density average out to 7.0 × 10 on the titanium alloy material surface14~7.5×1014m-2。
Preferably, the raw material of the titanium alloy material includes following element: Al:4.5 ~ 6.5%, Fe:2.0 ~ 3.5%, Si:
1.0 ~ 1.5%, Cr:0.5 ~ 1.0%, Zr:0.5 ~ 1.0%, V:0.1 ~ 0.5%, surplus Ti, above-mentioned percentage are quality percentage
Than.
Preferably, the raw material of the titanium alloy material also includes following elemental composition: Nb:0.015 ~ 0.025%, Ga:
0.005 ~ 0.015%, Ce:0.010% or less and Co:0.010% is hereinafter, above-mentioned percentage is mass percent.
It is 950 ~ 1000MPa, the titanium alloy material that the first part of the titanium alloy material, which has the first tensile strength,
Second part have the second tensile strength be 650 ~ 700MPa.
The first part of the titanium alloy member have the first elongation percentage be 10 ~ 12%, second of the titanium alloy member
It is 18 ~ 20% that dividing, which has the second elongation percentage,.
The invention has the advantages that the present invention is adjusted and is added by the ratio of the main components such as Al element to titanium alloy material
Enter the optimum preparation conditions such as the auxiliary elements such as Nb, Ga, and forging, hot rolling, controls the structural homogenity of titanium alloy, improve
Its processing performance, and matched by cold working and heat treatment, obtain the titanium alloy material with first part and second part
Material so that the second part of manufactured component is associated with energy absorbing regions, with high ductility and compared with low-intensity, and its
A part is associated with area is reinforced, and has higher-strength and lower ductility, and then ensure that in auto parts and components application
Fatigue resistance and service life are good.
Specific embodiment
Titanium alloy is the alloy that other elements composition is added based on titanium.There are two types of allomorphisms for titanium: 882 DEG C or less
For close-packed hexagonal structure α titanium, 882 DEG C the above are body-centred cubic β titaniums.Alloying element can according to their influences to phase transition temperature
Be divided into three classes: (1) stable alpha phase, improve phase transition temperature element be α stable element, have aluminium, carbon, oxygen and nitrogen etc..Wherein aluminium is
Titanium alloy main alloy element, it has obvious effect to the room temperature and elevated temperature strength, reduction specific gravity, increase elasticity modulus that improve alloy
Fruit.(2) stablizing β phase, reducing the element of phase transition temperature is beta stable element, and can divide the isomorphism and two kinds of eutectoid type.Apply titanium
The product of alloy the former have molybdenum, niobium, vanadium etc.;The latter has chromium, manganese, copper, iron, silicon etc..(3) little element is influenced on phase transition temperature
For neutral element, there are zirconium, tin etc..Oxygen, nitrogen, carbon and hydrogen are the major impurities of titanium alloy.Oxygen and nitrogen have biggish dissolution in α phase
Degree, has significant strengthening effect to titanium alloy, but decline plasticity.Usually in regulation titanium the content of oxygen and nitrogen respectively 0.15~
0.2% and 0.04~0.05% or less.Hydrogen solubility very little in α phase, hydride can be generated by dissolving excessive hydrogen in titanium alloy, be made
Alloy becomes fragile.Hydrogen content control is below 0.015% in usual titanium alloy.Dissolution of the hydrogen in titanium is reversible, can be with very
Sky annealing removes.To sum up, the present invention has selected the main adding elements such as Al, Fe, Si, Mn, Zr, Zn according to actual product needs,
And the additional elements such as Sn, Ga, V and Mo, the mechanical performance and processing performance of Lai Gaishan titanium alloy plate.
The processing method of titanium alloy mainly has casting, forging, punching press and rolling etc..In recent years, the isothermal forging of titanium alloy
It quickly grows, because isothermal forging can be influenced less, the scrappage of workpiece by the external world with the forging temperature of strict control titanium alloy
It is lower.Rolling technique is high production efficiency relative to forging technology biggest advantage, but is also deposited there are many insoluble problem
Rolled products can be just made to meet the requirement of shape and performance in, Reasonable Regulation And Control rolling mill practice.By taking titanium alloy plate rolls as an example: titanium
Alloy is contacted with air, roll, cooling water etc. during the rolling process, and surface radiating is very fast, and temperature is lower, and rolled piece center portion due to
The thermal conductivity of titanium alloy is low and deforms the reason of heat, and temperature rises instead, results in surface and the center portion temperature difference of rolled piece in this way
Very greatly, face crack is easy to produce when rolling.Meanwhile titanium alloy is easy gas-evolving electrodes at high temperature, oxidation is serious, increases titanium
The rolling difficulty of alloy sheets.The drafts of titanium alloy sheet is also difficult to control, and the deflection of titanium alloy rolling is big, is conducive to refinement group
The mechanical property of material is knitted, is promoted, deflection is small, and dynamic recovery only occurs in deformation process;But the plasticity of titanium alloy it is poor,
Resistance of deformation is big, and biggish deflection easily causes rolled piece cracking, and roll-force is very big, wants to the bearing capacity of rolling equipment
Ask also higher.
This patent is further described below with reference to embodiment and comparative example.
Embodiment 1:
A kind of preparation method of auto parts and components titanium alloy material, it is characterised in that: the composition of the titanium alloy material
The mass percent of Al is greater than the sum of the mass percent of the every other element in addition to Ti in ingredient;The titanium alloy material
Preparation method the following steps are included: (1) casts the titanium alloy material, after through multiway forging be swaged into titanium alloy slab, open
Base forging temperature is 100 DEG C of transformation temperature or more, and forming forging temperature is 20 DEG C of transformation temperature or less;(2) by the titanium alloy slab
It is heated to 850 DEG C in heating furnace, comes out of the stove and carries out the hot rolling through 5 passages, temperature is controlled in 650 ~ 800 DEG C of ranges, finish to gauge temperature
Degree is 650 DEG C, and water cooling or air-cooled after rolling, cooling velocity is greater than 10 DEG C/s, is finally batched when being lower than 500 DEG C;(3) cold to add
Titanium alloy slab after hot rolling described in work makes the titanium alloy material have first part and adjacent with the first part the
The first part is carried out the cold working that deflection is greater than 25%, and the second part is carried out than described the by two parts
The cold working of few 5% deflection of a part;(4) titanium alloy material after the cold working is added by the way of induction heating
For heat to 680 DEG C, soaking time 0.5h is air-cooled to room temperature, and then reheating keeps the temperature water quenching after 1h, then exist to 650 DEG C
550 DEG C of tempering keep the temperature 1h, are air-cooled to room temperature then to get to auto parts and components titanium alloy material;The titanium alloy material table
The dislocation density average out to 7.0 × 10 in face14~7.5×1014m-2.The raw material of the titanium alloy material includes following element: Al:
4.5%, Fe:2.0%, Si:1.0%, Cr:0.5%, Zr:0.5%, V:0.1%, surplus Ti, above-mentioned percentage are quality hundred
Divide ratio.It is 950 ~ 1000MPa that the first part of the titanium alloy material, which has the first tensile strength, the of the titanium alloy material
It is 650 ~ 700MPa that two parts, which have the second tensile strength,.It is 10 that the first part of the titanium alloy member, which has the first elongation percentage,
~ 12%, it is 18 ~ 20% that the second part of the titanium alloy member, which has the second elongation percentage,.
Embodiment 2:
A kind of preparation method of auto parts and components titanium alloy material, it is characterised in that: the composition of the titanium alloy material
The mass percent of Al is greater than the sum of the mass percent of the every other element in addition to Ti in ingredient;The titanium alloy material
Preparation method the following steps are included: (1) casts the titanium alloy material, after through multiway forging be swaged into titanium alloy slab, open
Base forging temperature is 200 DEG C of transformation temperature or more, and forming forging temperature is 50 DEG C of transformation temperature or less;(2) by the titanium alloy slab
It is heated to 900 DEG C in heating furnace, comes out of the stove and carries out the hot rolling through 7 passages, temperature is controlled in 650 ~ 800 DEG C of ranges, finish to gauge temperature
Degree is 670 DEG C, and water cooling or air-cooled after rolling, cooling velocity is greater than 15 DEG C/s, is finally batched when being lower than 500 DEG C;(3) cold to add
Titanium alloy slab after hot rolling described in work makes the titanium alloy material have first part and adjacent with the first part the
The first part is carried out the cold working that deflection is greater than 25%, and the second part is carried out than described the by two parts
The cold working of few 10% deflection of a part;(4) by the titanium alloy material after the cold working by the way of induction heating,
720 DEG C are heated to, soaking time 1h is air-cooled to room temperature, and then reheating keeps the temperature water quenching after 2h, then exist to 700 DEG C
600 DEG C of tempering keep the temperature 2h, are air-cooled to room temperature then to get to auto parts and components titanium alloy material;The titanium alloy material table
The dislocation density average out to 7.0 × 10 in face14~7.5×1014m-2.The raw material of the titanium alloy material includes following element: Al:
6.5%, Fe:2.0%, Si:1.5%, Cr:0.5%, Zr:0.5%, V:0.5%, Nb:0.015%, Ga:0.005%, Ce:
For 0.010% or less and Co:0.010% hereinafter, surplus is Ti, above-mentioned percentage is mass percent.The titanium alloy material
Tensile strength is 1000MPa, elongation percentage 15%.The first part of the titanium alloy material have the first tensile strength be 950 ~
1000MPa, it is 650 ~ 700MPa that the second part of the titanium alloy material, which has the second tensile strength,.The titanium alloy member
It is 10 ~ 12% that first part, which has the first elongation percentage, the second part of the titanium alloy member have the second elongation percentage be 18 ~
20%。
Embodiment 3:
A kind of preparation method of auto parts and components titanium alloy material, it is characterised in that: the composition of the titanium alloy material
The mass percent of Al is greater than the sum of the mass percent of the every other element in addition to Ti in ingredient;The titanium alloy material
Preparation method the following steps are included: (1) casts the titanium alloy material, after through multiway forging be swaged into titanium alloy slab, open
Base forging temperature is 150 DEG C of transformation temperature or more, and forming forging temperature is 40 DEG C of transformation temperature or less;(2) by the titanium alloy slab
It is heated to 880 DEG C in heating furnace, comes out of the stove and carries out the hot rolling through 5 ~ 7 passages, temperature is controlled in 650 ~ 800 DEG C of ranges, finish to gauge
Temperature is 660 DEG C, and water cooling or air-cooled after rolling, cooling velocity is greater than 12 DEG C/s, is finally batched when being lower than 500 DEG C;(3) cold
Titanium alloy slab after processing the hot rolling makes the titanium alloy material have first part and adjacent with the first part
The first part is carried out the cold working that deflection is greater than 25%, and the second part is carried out than described by second part
First part lacks the cold working of 8% deflection;(4) by the titanium alloy material after the cold working by the way of induction heating,
700 DEG C are heated to, soaking time 0.5h is air-cooled to room temperature, and then reheating keeps the temperature water quenching after 1.5h, then to 680 DEG C
1.5h are kept the temperature in 580 DEG C of tempering, are air-cooled to room temperature then to get to auto parts and components titanium alloy material;The titanium alloy material
Expect the dislocation density average out to 7.0 × 10 on surface14~7.5×1014m-2.The raw material of the titanium alloy material includes following element:
Al:6.0%, Fe:3.5%, Si:1.0%, Cr:0.5%, Zr:0.5%, V:0.3%, Nb:0.025%, Ga:0.015%,
For Ce:0.010% or less and Co:0.010% hereinafter, surplus is Ti, above-mentioned percentage is mass percent.The titanium alloy material
Tensile strength be 980MPa, elongation percentage 13%.The first part of the titanium alloy material have the first tensile strength be 950 ~
1000MPa, it is 650 ~ 700MPa that the second part of the titanium alloy material, which has the second tensile strength,.The titanium alloy member
It is 10 ~ 12% that first part, which has the first elongation percentage, the second part of the titanium alloy member have the second elongation percentage be 18 ~
20%。
Comparative example 1:
It is insufficient as the content of raw material, especially Al element or lack the members such as Ga to will differ from the ingredient of titanium alloy of the present invention
When plain, due to the change of elemental composition and ratio, the structure of plate slab formed after melting is caused to change, hot rolling and was cold worked
Cracking will be easy due to the reason of blank plasticity difference itself in journey, even if the techniques such as same subsequent heat treatment of finished product, institute
The maximum tensile strength of obtained titanium alloy material is lower than the first part of titanium alloy material of the present invention, and elongation percentage is lower than the present invention
The second part of titanium alloy material.
Comparative example 2:
By elemental composition and ratio titanium alloy identical with technical solution of the present invention, when without cold working of the invention,
Only with cold working mode in the prior art, obtained titanium alloy material product is unable to satisfy wanting for auto parts and components
It asks, being unable to reach the present invention has component made of the monoblock type titanium alloy material of first part and second part, so that second
Part is associated with energy absorbing regions, and with high ductility and compared with low-intensity, and first part is associated with area is reinforced, tool
There is the technical effect of higher-strength and lower ductility.
It can be seen from embodiment 1-2 and comparative example 1-2 the present invention by Al element to titanium alloy plate etc. mainly at
Point ratio adjustment and the auxiliary elements such as Nb, Ga are added, and optimum preparation conditions such as rolling, annealing, surface treatment control
The structural homogenity of titanium alloy improves its processing performance, solves the problems such as operation of rolling is difficult, coating is easy to fall off, and
Enable titanium alloy plate finished product that there is high-intensitive and high-ductility.
While there has been shown and described that the embodiment of this patent, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that: not
A variety of change, modification, replacement and modification can be carried out to these embodiments in the case where being detached from the principle and objective of this patent, this
The range of patent is defined by the claims and their equivalents.