CN107745115A - 316L stainless steel structures, prepare material and preparation method - Google Patents
316L stainless steel structures, prepare material and preparation method Download PDFInfo
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- CN107745115A CN107745115A CN201710859957.5A CN201710859957A CN107745115A CN 107745115 A CN107745115 A CN 107745115A CN 201710859957 A CN201710859957 A CN 201710859957A CN 107745115 A CN107745115 A CN 107745115A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F1/00—Metallic powder; Treatment of metallic powder, e.g. to facilitate working or to improve properties
- B22F1/10—Metallic powder containing lubricating or binding agents; Metallic powder containing organic material
- B22F1/108—Mixtures obtained by warm mixing
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
- B22F3/22—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces for producing castings from a slip
- B22F3/225—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces for producing castings from a slip by injection molding
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C33/00—Making ferrous alloys
- C22C33/02—Making ferrous alloys by powder metallurgy
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Abstract
The present invention relates to 316L stainless steel structures, material and preparation method are prepared, 316L stainless steels prepare material, and it includes metal material 95%~98% and binding agent 2%~5%；The metal material includes the component of following mass ratio：316L powder of stainless steel 93.3%~95%, titanium carbide powder 0.7%~1.2%, chromium carbide powder 1.5%~3%, Molybdenum carbide powders 1.5%~2.5%.Above-mentioned 316L stainless steel structures, prepare material and preparation method, avoid the mutability of traditional 316L stainless steel products, improve the wearability of traditional 316L stainless steel products, more excellent hardness property can be produced in the product using 316L stainless steels or the structure with 316L stainless steels, extend the Acceptable life of Related product, so as to avoid the waste of material, while economizing on resources, be also advantageous to the exploitation of supporting new product.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to stainless steel material, more particularly to 316L stainless steel structures, prepares material and preparation method.
Background technology
316L is a kind of stainless steel material trade mark, and AISI 316L are corresponding U.S.'s labels, and sus 316L are corresponding days
This label.The unified digital code in China is S31603, and standard brand is 022Cr17Ni12Mo2 (new mark), and the old trade mark is
00Cr17Ni14Mo2, expression mainly contain Cr, Ni, Mo, and numeral represents the percentage probably contained.National standard is GB/T
20878-2007 (current edition).316L stainless steels are the stainless steel grades containing molybdenum, and material appearance glossiness is good, and corrosion resistance is particularly resistance to
Pitting corrosion is outstanding, also has the advantages that nonmagnetic.316L stainless steels are widely used in chemical engineering industry, horological industry, 3C electronics
Industry.For example, 316L stainless steels are usually used in paper pulp and paper grade (stock) equipment heat exchanger, dyeing installation, film rinsing equipment, pipe
Road, coastal region building outside material, and the watch chain of senior watch, watchcase etc.；Also it is applied in seawater with equipment, changes
The production equipments such as, dyestuff, papermaking, oxalic acid, fertilizer；And photograph, food industry, coastal area facility, rope, CD bars, spiral shell
Bolt, nut etc..
316L stainless steel materials hardness is less than 200HV, the 316L materials after being processed in particular by powder metallurgical technique, because
Do not meet that 100%, material composition contains the reasons such as impurity for consistency, cause its hardness between 120-160HV.Because hardness
It is relatively low, when this material is used for such as cell phone rear cover, wearable device surface structure part, it may appear that product is yielding, wears no resistance
Problem, significantly reduce product service life.
The content of the invention
Based on this, it is necessary to a kind of 316L stainless steel structures are provided, prepare material and preparation method,
A kind of 316L stainless steels prepare material, and it includes the metal material of following mass ratio and binding agent：
Metal material 95%~98%,
Binding agent 2%~5%；
Wherein, the metal material includes the component of following mass ratio：
In one of the embodiments, the binding agent includes the polyethylene glycol and stearic acid of following mass percent：
Polyethylene glycol 65%~75%,
Stearic acid 25%~35%.
In one of the embodiments, the polyethylene glycol is polyethylene glycol 2000.
In one of the embodiments, the granularity of the 316L powder of stainless steel be -500 mesh and tap density be 4.7 ±
0.5g/cm3。
In one of the embodiments, the granularity of the titanium carbide powder is -200 mesh, the granularity of the chromium carbide powder
For -500 mesh, the granularity of the Molybdenum carbide powders is -200 mesh.
A kind of preparation method of 316L stainless steel structures, it comprises the following steps：
The binding agent that material is prepared described in any of the above-described is heated to melting；
The metal material that material is prepared described in any of the above-described is preheated；
The binding agent after thawing, the metal material after preheating are mixed with absolute ethyl alcohol co-ground；
Drying, shaping, degreasing, sintering obtain 316L stainless steel structures.
In one of the embodiments, by the binding agent after thawing, the metal material after preheating and anhydrous second
Alcohol co-ground mixes, including：The binding agent after thawing and the metal material after preheating are added to milling apparatus
In, then absolute ethyl alcohol is added in milling apparatus, co-ground mixing.
In one of the embodiments, the drying, is specifically included：Drying is until eliminate whole absolute ethyl alcohols.
In one of the embodiments, dried in the environment of air is completely cut off until eliminating whole absolute ethyl alcohols.
A kind of 316L stainless steel structures, it uses preparation method described in any of the above-described to be prepared.
Above-mentioned 316L stainless steel structures, material and preparation method are prepared, high rigidity 316L stainless steels can be prepared, avoided
The mutabilities of traditional 316L stainless steel products, improves the wearability of traditional 316L stainless steel products, can be using 316L
The product of stainless steel or the structure with 316L stainless steels produce more excellent hardness property, extend 316L stainless steels correlation
The Acceptable life of product, so as to avoid the waste of 316L stainless steel materials, while economizing on resources, be also advantageous to match somebody with somebody
Cover the exploitation of new product.
Further, coordinate follow-up metal injection moulding technique, can be obtained in product scopes such as cell phone rear cover, wearable devices
To more applications.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram of one embodiment of the invention.
Embodiment
In order to facilitate the understanding of the purposes, features and advantages of the present invention, below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings to the present invention
Embodiment be described in detail.Many details are elaborated in the following description in order to fully understand this hair
It is bright.But the invention can be embodied in many other ways as described herein, those skilled in the art can be not
Similar improvement is done in the case of running counter to intension of the present invention, therefore the present invention is not limited by following public specific embodiment.
It should be noted that when element is referred to as " being fixed on " or " being arranged at " another element, it can be directly another
On one element or there may also be element placed in the middle.When an element is considered as " connection " another element, it can be with
It is directly to another element or may be simultaneously present centering elements.Term as used herein " vertically ", " level
", "left", "right" and similar statement for illustrative purposes only, it is unique embodiment to be not offered as.
Unless otherwise defined, all of technologies and scientific terms used here by the article is with belonging to technical field of the invention
The implication that technical staff is generally understood that is identical.Used term is intended merely to describe specific reality in the description of the invention
Apply the purpose of mode, it is not intended that in the limitation present invention.Term as used herein " and/or " include one or more correlations
The arbitrary and all combination of Listed Items.
One embodiment of the invention is that a kind of 316L stainless steels prepare material, and it includes the metal of following mass ratio
Material and binding agent：
Metal material 95%~98%,
Binding agent 2%~5%；
Wherein, the metal material includes the component of following mass ratio：
The present invention is by by 316L powder of stainless steel, chromium carbide (Cr3C2) powder, titanium carbide (TiC) powder, molybdenum carbide
(Mo2C) powder is mixed and made into the material for preparing of 316L stainless steels, that is, follow-up dry process raw material with binding agent, after cooperation
Section MIM (Metal Injection Molding, metal injection moulding) process exploitation goes out high rigidity 316L stainless steel materials.
It is appreciated that in the metal material, 316L powder of stainless steel, titanium carbide powder, chromium carbide powder and molybdenum carbide
The mass ratio of powder is (93.3%~95%):(0.7%~1.2%):(1.5%~3%):(1.5%~2.5%).Also
That is, in described metal material, 316L powder of stainless steel, titanium carbide powder, the quality percentage of chromium carbide powder and Molybdenum carbide powders
Than being (93.3%~95%):(0.7%~1.2%):(1.5%~3%):(1.5%~2.5%).
The present invention develops a kind of material for preparing of 316L stainless steels, also referred to as high rigidity 316L stainless steel powder metallurgicals
Material, make its performance advantage more perfect, solve what the 316L stainless steel products after traditional powder metallurgical technique processing occurred
Mutability, the defects of wearing no resistance, in conjunction with powder metallurgical technique, will further developing MIM techniques application market.
For example, the metal material includes the component of following mass ratio：316L powder of stainless steel 93.6%~95%, carbon
Change titanium powder 1%~1.2%, chromium carbide powder 1.5%~2.5%, and, Molybdenum carbide powders 1.5%~2.5%.And for example, institute
Stating metal material includes the component of following mass ratio：316L powder of stainless steel 93.8%~94.2%, titanium carbide powder 1%~
1.1%, chromium carbide powder 1.8%~2.2%, and, Molybdenum carbide powders 1.8%~2.2%.And for example, in the metal material,
Chromium carbide powder is identical with the mass ratio of Molybdenum carbide powders；And for example, in the metal material, chromium carbide powder and carbonization molybdenum powder
The molar ratio at end is identical.
For example, the metal material includes the component of following mass ratio：316L powder of stainless steel 93%~95%, carbonization
Titanium (TiC) powder 0.7%~1.2%, chromium carbide (Cr3C2) powder 1.5%~3%, and, molybdenum carbide (Mo2C) powder 1.5%
~2.5%.For example, mass ratio above is only the mutual ratio of the quality of each component, it is not necessary to it is required that the sum of mass ratio
It is worth for 100%；For example, 316L powder of stainless steel, titanium carbide powder, the mass ratio of chromium carbide powder and Molybdenum carbide powders are：
93%:0.7%:1.5%:1.5%；And for example, 316L powder of stainless steel, titanium carbide powder, chromium carbide powder and Molybdenum carbide powders
Mass ratio be：95%:1.2%:3%:3%；And for example, 316L powder of stainless steel, titanium carbide powder, chromium carbide powder and carbon
Change molybdenum powder mass ratio be：93%:1.2%:3%:3%；And for example, 316L powder of stainless steel, titanium carbide powder, chromium carbide
The mass ratio of powder and Molybdenum carbide powders is：95%:0.7%:1.5%:1.5%；And for example, 316L powder of stainless steel, carbonization
The mass ratio of titanium powder, chromium carbide powder and Molybdenum carbide powders is：94%:0.9%:1.9%:1.6%；By that analogy.
For example, the raw materials used 316L powder of stainless steel of the present invention, its granularity：100%<- 500 mesh；Mesh is to represent standard
The size of the screen size of sieve.In Taylor standard sieve, so-called mesh is exactly the screen number in 2.54 centimetres of (1 inch) length
Mesh, referred to as mesh.Mesh number is bigger, represents that particle is thinner.Before mesh number plus can sign then represent leak through the mesh of the mesh number.It is negative
Number expression can leak through the mesh of the mesh number, i.e. particle size is less than mesh size；And positive number represents that the net of the mesh number can not be leaked through
Hole, i.e. particle size are more than mesh size.100%<- 500 mesh, i.e., all 316L powder of stainless steel can be from the sieves of 500 mesh
The mesh of net passes through, for example, the raw materials used 316L powder of stainless steel of the present invention, its tap density：4.7±0.5g/cm3, jolt ramming
Density is bulk density of the powder after jolt ramming.For example, the raw materials used 316L powder of stainless steel of the present invention, its granularity：100%
<- 500 mesh, and its tap density：4.7±0.5g/cm3.The restriction of tap density advantageously reduces the dosage of binding agent and caused
To the material (also known as feeding) for preparing there is preferable mobility；For example, it is stainless to prepare the 316L using hydraulic atomized method
Powdered steel, by suitably lifting atomizing pressure so that powder particle size is small and is evenly distributed, so as to improve 316L stainless steels
The tap density of powder.In one of the embodiments, the granularity of the 316L powder of stainless steel is -500 mesh and tap density
For 4.7 ± 0.5g/cm3.In one of the embodiments, the granularity of the titanium carbide powder is -200 mesh, the carbonization chromium powder
The granularity at end is -500 mesh, and the granularity of the Molybdenum carbide powders is -200 mesh.Such design, be advantageous to lift final 316L
The hardness of stainless steel.
For example, trace element is added in 316L powder of stainless steel：
Titanium carbide (TiC) powder specifics：- 200 mesh, purity：＞ 99.5%,
Chromium carbide (Cr3C2) powder specifics：- 500 mesh, purity：＞ 99.5%, and
Molybdenum carbide (Mo2C) powder specifics：- 200 mesh, purity：＞ 99.9%.
In one of the embodiments, the binding agent includes the polyethylene glycol and stearic acid of following mass percent：It is poly-
Ethylene glycol 65%~75%, stearic acid 25%~35%.For example, the binding agent is as an entirety, wherein, polyethylene glycol
Mass percent is 65%~75%, and stearic mass percent is 25%~35%.And for example, the binding agent includes following
The polyethylene glycol and stearic acid of mass fraction：65 parts~75 parts of polyethylene glycol, 25 parts~35 parts of stearic acid；For example, the bonding
Agent as an entirety, wherein, the mass fraction of polyethylene glycol is 65 parts~75 parts, and stearic mass fraction is 25 parts~35
Part；Described " part " is quality, and 1 part is a certain quality in 0.0001 to 10000 gram；For example, 1 part include 0.02 gram, 0.0675
Gram, 0.1 gram, 0.1234 gram, 0.2 gram, 0.5 gram, 1 gram, 1.2 grams, 2 grams, 5 grams, 100 grams, 1000 grams or 10000 grams etc., with
This analogizes, can be according to actual conditions and ratio setting.As described above, the binding agent is as an entirety, in 316L stainless steels
The mass ratio for preparing material or mass percent be 2%~5%.For example, the quality for preparing material of 316L stainless steels
For 1000 grams, the mass ratio of binding agent is 2%, i.e. the quality of binding agent is 20 grams, wherein the binding agent includes following matter
Measure the polyethylene glycol and stearic acid of percentage：Polyethylene glycol 65%, stearic acid 35%, i.e., described binding agent include polyethylene glycol 13
Gram and 7 grams of stearic acid, by that analogy.And for example, the quality for preparing material of 316L stainless steels is 1000 grams, the mass ratio of binding agent
Example is 4%, i.e., the quality of binding agent is 40 grams, wherein the polyethylene glycol of the binding agent including following mass fraction with it is stearic
Acid：70 parts of polyethylene glycol, 30 parts of stearic acid；I.e. described binding agent includes polyethylene glycol 40 × 70/ (70+30)=28 gram and tristearin
Sour 40 × 30/ (70+30)=12 gram, now 1 part is 0.4 gram；And for example, the quality for preparing material of 316L stainless steels is 500 grams,
The mass ratio of binding agent is 3%, i.e., the quality of binding agent is 15 grams, wherein the binding agent includes the poly- of following mass fraction
Ethylene glycol and stearic acid：68 parts of polyethylene glycol, 28 parts of stearic acid；I.e. described binding agent includes polyethylene glycol 15 × 68/ (68+28)
=10.625 grams and stearic acid 15 × 28/ (68+28)=4.375 gram, now 1 part is 0.15625 gram, by that analogy.
For example, the molecular weight of the polyethylene glycol is more than 1500；And for example, the molecular weight of the polyethylene glycol be 1500 to
20000；And for example, the molecular weight of the polyethylene glycol is 2000 to 8000；In one of the embodiments, the polyethylene glycol is
Polyethylene glycol 2000 or Macrogol 4000.
And for example, the binding agent includes the component of following mass fraction：65 parts~75 parts of polyethylene glycol, and, stearic acid
25 parts~35 parts.And for example, the binding agent also includes the component of following mass fraction：10 parts~15 parts of polyethylene.It is for example, described
Polyethylene is high density polyethylene (HDPE) (High Density Polyethylene, HDPE), and its molecular weight is more than 50,000.For example, institute
The molecular weight for stating high density polyethylene (HDPE) is 100,000~400,000.
Binding agent is extremely important for the 316L stainless steels of various embodiments of the present invention, if the binding agent used is improper,
The feeding rheological characteristic of subsequent injections moulding process can be caused poor, the problems such as being also easy to produce shrinkage cavity, separation and gauffer.And for example, it is described
Binding agent also includes the component of following mass fraction：3~6 parts of paraffin；For example, the paraffin is No. 58 fully refined paraffin wax, and for example,
The binding agent also includes the component of following mass fraction：No. 58 4~6 parts of fully refined paraffin wax.
A kind of preparation method of 316L stainless steel structures, it comprises the following steps：By preparation described in any of the above-described embodiment
The binding agent of material is heated to melting；The metal material that material is prepared described in any of the above-described embodiment is preheated；Will
The metal material after the binding agent, preheating after thawing mixes with absolute ethyl alcohol co-ground；Drying, shaping, degreasing,
Sintering obtains 316L stainless steel structures.
In one of the embodiments, by the binding agent after thawing, the metal material after preheating and anhydrous second
Alcohol co-ground mixes, including：The binding agent after thawing and the metal material after preheating are added to milling apparatus
In, absolute ethyl alcohol is then added to co-ground in milling apparatus and mixed.For example, in a sealed meter environment by described in after thawing
The metal material after binding agent, preheating mixes with absolute ethyl alcohol co-ground；And for example, in a sealed meter environment by after thawing
The binding agent is added in milling apparatus with the metal material after preheating, and absolute ethyl alcohol then is added into milling apparatus
Middle co-ground mixing.
In one of the embodiments, the drying, is specifically included：Drying is until eliminate whole absolute ethyl alcohols.For example,
Drying under nitrogen environmental protection is until eliminate whole absolute ethyl alcohols.And for example, drying is complete up to eliminating in the environment of air is completely cut off
Portion's absolute ethyl alcohol；Wherein, the isolation air includes preventing extraneous air entrance or vacuum.For example, dry under vacuum conditions
Do until eliminating whole absolute ethyl alcohols.
For example, a kind of preparation method of 316L stainless steel structures, as shown in figure 1, binding agent is heated to melting, and will
Metal material preheats；The binding agent after thawing, the metal material after preheating are mixed with absolute ethyl alcohol co-ground；
Drying；Shaping；Degreasing；Sintering obtains 316L stainless steel structures.
For example, after sintering obtains 316L stainless steel structures, or sintering obtain 316L stainless steel structures step it
Afterwards, either after sintering obtains 316L stainless steel structures and its follow-up conventional machining or 316L stainless steel structures are being obtained
Afterwards, the preparation method of the 316L stainless steel structures also includes detecting step.
For example, the detecting step comprises the following steps：The 316L stainless steel structures are placed in Quadratic Finite Element measuring table
On；The 316L stainless steel structures are measured in the size in the detection faces of the Quadratic Finite Element measuring table；For the 316L not
Every one side of rust steel construction, by the one side and 316L stainless steel structures one side to be measured of a splicing cuboid
It is in contact, and the 316L stainless steel structures is located at predeterminated position relative to the splicing cuboid, wherein, the splicing length
Cube is spliced by two identical right angle prisms；The splicing cuboid is measured to be somebody's turn to do the 316L stainless steel structures
The reflective projection of side is in the size in the detection faces of the Quadratic Finite Element measuring table；Until being measured the 316L stainless steels
The size of every one side of structure；Two splicing cuboids are symmetrically placed side by side on the Quadratic Finite Element measuring table, will
The 316L stainless steel structures are placed in one on a splicing cuboid, measure another described splicing cuboid to described
The reflective projection of the bottom surface of 316L stainless steel structures is in the size in the detection faces of the Quadratic Finite Element measuring table.In such manner, it is possible to
The micro-structural in each face for the 316L stainless steel structures being prepared accurately is measured, it is large number of and micro- to be particularly suitable for micro-structural
The full-scale measurement of the irregular 316L stainless steel structures of physical dimension, simplifies measurement process, reduces the difficulty of Quality Detection
Degree, improves measurement efficiency.
For example, the detecting step comprises the following steps.
For example, the 316L stainless steel structures are placed on Quadratic Finite Element measuring table；For example, by the 316L stainless steels knot
Set up in the detection faces of Quadratic Finite Element measuring table；For example, the 316L stainless steel structures are placed in Quadratic Finite Element measuring table
On loading end；For example, the full-size of the 316L stainless steel structures is less than 10 millimeters, i.e. the 316L stainless steel structures
The size of maximum one in length, thickness or diameter etc. is less than 10 millimeters.And for example, the maximum of the 316L stainless steel structures
Size is less than 5 millimeters.Put down for example, 316L stainless steel structures clamping is positioned over into Quadratic Finite Element measurement using automatic clamp assemblies
On platform；For example, 316L stainless steel structures clamping is positioned over to the detection of Quadratic Finite Element measuring table using automatic clamp assemblies
On face；For example, automatic clamp assemblies are the robotic arm with clamp structure, so, unmanned automatic measurement is advantageously implemented.
For example, the 316L stainless steel structures are measured in the size in the detection faces of the Quadratic Finite Element measuring table；For example,
The 316L stainless steel structures are measured in the size in the detection faces of the Quadratic Finite Element measuring table using Quadratic Finite Element measuring instrument；Example
Such as, measure the 316L stainless steel structures on the loading end of the Quadratic Finite Element measuring table towards the Quadratic Finite Element measuring table
Measurement direction size；For example, Quadratic Finite Element measuring instrument and its Quadratic Finite Element measuring table are pre-set, then, by the 316L
Stainless steel structure is placed on Quadratic Finite Element measuring table；Then, using Quadratic Finite Element measuring instrument measure the 316L stainless steel structures in
Size in the detection faces of the Quadratic Finite Element measuring table.For example, it is flat that the 316L stainless steel structures are placed in into Quadratic Finite Element measurement
On platform, there is contact surface between the 316L stainless steel structures and the Quadratic Finite Element measuring table；It is for example, the 316L is stainless
Steel construction is placed in the detection faces of Quadratic Finite Element measuring table, the 316L stainless steel structures and the inspection of the Quadratic Finite Element measuring table
Survey face has contact surface；I.e. contact surface is the 316L stainless steel structures and the Quadratic Finite Element measuring table or its detection faces phase
The one side of contact.So, it can detect to obtain the one side of the 316L stainless steel structures, also can be regarded as the 316L stainless steels
The top surface of structure or the 316L stainless steel structures detect the one side in direction towards Quadratic Finite Element measuring instrument.
For example, for every one side of the 316L stainless steel structures, by the one side of a splicing cuboid with it is described
316L stainless steel structures one side to be measured is in contact, and makes the 316L stainless steel structures relative to the splicing cuboid
Positioned at predeterminated position, wherein, the splicing cuboid is spliced by two identical right angle prisms；Measure the splicing length
Cube is to the reflective projection of the side of the 316L stainless steel structures in the chi in the detection faces of the Quadratic Finite Element measuring table
It is very little；Until it is measured the size of every one side of the 316L stainless steel structures；For example, the 316L stainless steels are measured respectively
Every one side of structure, until being measured the size of every one side of the 316L stainless steel structures；Measure the 316L not
The one side of rust steel construction, comprises the following steps：One splicing cuboid is placed in the side of the 316L stainless steel structures
One side that is other and making the splicing cuboid is in contact with the 316L stainless steel structures, and makes the 316L stainless steel structures
It is located at predeterminated position relative to the splicing cuboid, measures the side of the splicing cuboid to the 316L stainless steel structures
The reflective projection in face is in the size in the detection faces of the Quadratic Finite Element measuring table.So, can conveniently and accurately measure
To the feature dimensions of the one side of the 316L stainless steel structures, include the size of each micro-structural of the side, it is especially suitable
Contract one side has the measurement of the 316L stainless steel structures of the micro-structural of multinomial needs control.One example is, by a spelling
The one side of the spreading cube one side to be measured with the 316L stainless steel structures is in contact, including：One splicing is rectangular
Body is placed in by 316L stainless steel structures one side to be measured and makes the one side of the splicing cuboid and the 316L
Stainless steel structure one side to be measured is in contact；Or the 316L stainless steel structures are placed in one and splice cuboid
By one side and 316L stainless steel structures one side to be measured and the one side of the splicing cuboid is set to be in contact.Can
To understand, the bottom surface for splicing cuboid is the bottom surface of right angle prism；The side of splicing cuboid be right angle prism in
Side wherein where the waist of right angled triangle, right angle prism are the spelling in the side where the hypotenuse of wherein right angled triangle
The Mosaic face of spreading cube.
In one of the embodiments, in advance by two identical right angle prisms be spliced into one it is described splicing it is rectangular
Body.For example, before the 316L stainless steel structures are placed on Quadratic Finite Element measuring table, the detecting step also includes following step
Suddenly：Two identical right angle prisms are spliced into a splicing cuboid in advance.And for example, by the 316L stainless steels knot
Set up before on Quadratic Finite Element measuring table, the detecting step is further comprising the steps of：In advance by four identical right angles three
Prism, which is spliced into described in two identicals, splices cuboid.In one of the embodiments, the right angle prism is that isosceles are straight
Angle prism, wherein, isosceles right angle prism is total reflection prism.In this manner it is achieved that effect is totally reflected accordingly.
In one of the embodiments, the 316L stainless steel structures and the contact surface of the Quadratic Finite Element measuring table are institute
The one side that the axis of the axis and Quadratic Finite Element measuring table of stating 316L stainless steel structures coincides.In one of the embodiments,
The midpoint of the predeterminated position is the point midway of the rib of any right angle prism.Wherein, the plane of refraction of prism and reflection
Working face is referred to as in face, and the intersection of two working faces is referred to as rib, and the section of vertical rib is referred to as main cross section.In one of the embodiments,
The midpoint of the predeterminated position is the point midway of the rib of the contact surface of two right angle prisms.So, by the 316L not
Rust steel construction is in contact in the centre position relative to the splicing cuboid with the splicing cuboid so that the 316L is not
Rust steel construction is contemplated to relative to the reflection direction and reflection position of the splicing cuboid, so as to be advantageous to be lifted
Measurement efficiency.One example is that the splicing cuboid is slideably positioned on the slide rail of Quadratic Finite Element measuring table, and controlled automatic
Mobile, now, Quadratic Finite Element measuring instrument need to only be grown without mobile by the splicing on program adjust automatically Quadratic Finite Element measuring table
The position of cube and the 316L stainless steel structures, in this manner it is achieved that 316L stainless steel structures described in automatic measurement
Every one side of one side or even the 316L stainless steel structures, the significant increase measurement efficiency of bulk article, has a nothing
Analogous quick measurement, the effect of quick shipment.
For example, the 316L stainless steel structures are placed on Quadratic Finite Element measuring table, including：By the 316L stainless steels knot
Set up on the pallet of Quadratic Finite Element measuring table；And for example, the 316L stainless steel structures are placed on Quadratic Finite Element measuring table, had
Body is：The 316L stainless steel structures are placed on the pallet of Quadratic Finite Element measuring table；For example, the pallet, which rotates, is arranged at institute
State on Quadratic Finite Element measuring table, an example is that the pallet controlled rotation is arranged on the Quadratic Finite Element measuring table；One
Example is that the 316L stainless steel structures are placed on the pallet of Quadratic Finite Element measuring table, including：By the 316L stainless steels knot
Set up on the pallet of Quadratic Finite Element measuring table and the 316L stainless steel structures at least one side protrudes from the pallet, so that
The one side to be measured of the 316L stainless steel structures can be in contact with the splicing cuboid.One example is, by institute
316L stainless steel structures are stated to be placed on the pallet of Quadratic Finite Element measuring table, including：The 316L stainless steel structures are fixed on two
On the pallet of dimension measuring table and the 316L stainless steel structures at least one side protrudes from the pallet；For example, by described in
316L stainless steel structure magnetic is fixed on the pallet of Quadratic Finite Element measuring table, or, by the 316L stainless steel structures buckle
It is fixed on the pallet of Quadratic Finite Element measuring table；Another example is to be clamped and fastened on the 316L stainless steel structures secondary
On the pallet of first measuring table；So, the 316L stainless steel structures are measured in the detection faces of the Quadratic Finite Element measuring table
Size after, the 316L stainless steel structures can be adjusted conveniently by the pallet or the control pallet is rotated
Every one side with it is described splicing cuboid be in contact.Such design, automatic measurement is advantageously implemented, especially technology changes
The all automatic measurement effect without manual intervention can be reached after entering.Another example, which is that the splicing cuboid is fixed, to be set
It is placed on Quadratic Finite Element measuring table, and the controlled automatic rotation of the pallet, now, Quadratic Finite Element measuring instrument need to only be pressed without mobile
The position of the pallet on program adjust automatically Quadratic Finite Element measuring table, in this manner it is achieved that described in automatic measurement
Every one side of the one side of 316L stainless steel structures or even the 316L stainless steel structures, significant increase bulk article
Measurement efficiency, there is unrivaled quick measurement, the effect of quick shipment.
For example, two splicing cuboids are symmetrically placed side by side on the Quadratic Finite Element measuring table, by the 316L
Stainless steel structure is placed in one on a splicing cuboid, and it is stainless to the 316L to measure another described splicing cuboid
The reflective projection of the bottom surface of steel construction is in the size in the detection faces of the Quadratic Finite Element measuring table.So, imitated by being totally reflected
Should, it is possible to achieve the measurement for the bottom surface of the 316L stainless steel structures.In one of the embodiments, described in measurement
During the bottom surface of 316L stainless steel structures, two splicing cuboids are symmetrical arranged relative to both contact surfaces.Wherein one
In individual embodiment, the base of the contact surface of two splicing cuboids is the rib of four right angle prisms.In this manner it is achieved that
Corresponding total reflection effect.And for example, when measuring the bottom surface of the 316L stainless steel structures, also respectively from two splicing length
The side of cube provides low-light illumination, the light emission direction of the low-light illumination perpendicular to the side of the splicing cuboid, with
Realized on the Mosaic face of two right angle prisms inside the splicing cuboid opposite with the detection faces of Quadratic Finite Element measuring table
Total reflection, so as to while floor light is provided, avoid for the Quadratic Finite Element measuring instrument measurement 316L stainless steel structures
Bottom surface interfere.
One example is that the 316L stainless steel structures have bottom surface, so as to be positioned on Quadratic Finite Element measuring table；
Another example is that fixed structure is provided with Quadratic Finite Element measuring table, and the fixed structure is used for the 316L stainless steels
Structure is fixed on Quadratic Finite Element measuring table；For example, the fixed structure by the bottoms of the 316L stainless steel structures by institute
316L stainless steel structures are stated to be fixed on Quadratic Finite Element measuring table.For example, the 316L stainless steel structures are hexahedron or tool
Have and be similar to hexahedron structure；For example, the 316L stainless steel structures generally have six irregular faces, each irregular face
For the combination of multiple planes and/or curved surface.In one of the embodiments, the 316L stainless steel structures have six sides.
Another embodiment, the detecting step include following steps.Place step：By the 316L stainless steel structures
It is placed on Quadratic Finite Element measuring table；Top surface measuring process：The 316L stainless steel structures are measured in the Quadratic Finite Element measuring table
Detection faces on size；Side measuring process：It is for every one side of the 316L stainless steel structures, a splicing is rectangular
The one side of the body one side to be measured with the 316L stainless steel structures is in contact, and makes the 316L stainless steel structures relative
Be located at predeterminated position in the splicing cuboid, wherein, it is described splice cuboid spliced by two identical right angle prisms and
Into；It is flat in Quadratic Finite Element measurement to the reflective projection of the side of the 316L stainless steel structures to measure the splicing cuboid
Size in the detection faces of platform；Until it is measured the size of every one side of the 316L stainless steel structures；Bottom surface measurement step
Suddenly：Two splicing cuboids are symmetrically placed side by side on the Quadratic Finite Element measuring table, by the 316L stainless steel structures
It is placed in one on a splicing cuboid, measures bottom of another described splicing cuboid to the 316L stainless steel structures
The reflective projection in face is in the size in the detection faces of the Quadratic Finite Element measuring table.
One example is, either when measuring the side of the 316L stainless steel structures or right in the measuring process of side
When every one side of the 316L stainless steel structures measures, Quadratic Finite Element measuring table, Quadratic Finite Element measuring instrument and splicing length
Cube remains stationary as, by it is mobile or rotate the 316L stainless steel structures so that the 316L stainless steel structures it is to be measured one
Side with it is described splicing cuboid one side be in contact, so, without adjust Quadratic Finite Element measuring table, Quadratic Finite Element measuring instrument and
Splice position or the measurement parameter of cuboid, so as to realize fast and efficiently Quadratic Finite Element measurement；And for example, Quadratic Finite Element measures
Platform, Quadratic Finite Element measuring instrument and splicing cuboid remain stationary as, by automatically move or rotate the 316L stainless steel structures with
316L stainless steel structures one side to be measured and the one side of the splicing cuboid is set to be in contact, so as to realize
Effect of the 316L stainless steel structures described in automatic measurement per one side.
In such manner, it is possible to the micro-structural in each face of 316L stainless steel structures is accurately measured, can be for multinomial needs
The 316L stainless steel structures of the various labyrinths of the micro-structural of control realize full-scale measurement, simplify measurement process, reduce
The difficulty of Quality Detection, improves measurement efficiency, the product that dispatches from the factory is also reduced while product export detection process is lifted
Defect rate.
For example, a kind of preparation method of 316L stainless steel structures, comprises the following steps：
S1. the binding agent configured is heated to melting in thermostat water bath, such as heating 30min extremely melts, wherein,
Heating-up temperature is set in thermostat water bath as 65~75 DEG C.
S2. the metal material configured is preheating to 70~90 DEG C.The time of preheating depending on metal material quality, example
Such as, 20kg metal materials are heated to 80 DEG C and usually require 15~20min.
S3. the binding agent after thawing and preheated metal material are together added in planetary ball mill, then pours into nothing
Water-ethanol is mixed.Wherein, it is about 1 to add ethanol volume and the cumulative volume ratio of binding agent and metal material:2 to 1:1；That is,
The cumulative volume of binding agent and metal material, ethanol volume and the cumulative volume ratio about 1:2 to 1:1；For example, ball milling pearl in ball mill
Shared volume is 1/3.For example, in ball mill ball milling pearl cumulative volume, the cumulative volume with ethanol, binding agent and metal material, two
The volume ratio of person is 1:3.For example, when being mixed, drum's speed of rotation is 35~50r/min, and incorporation time is 40~60min.
For example, ball milling pearl is the agate ball milling pearl of aluminum oxide, radius is 2.5 ± 2mm.
S4. the raw material after will be well mixed is dried, and excludes ethanol, for example, will mixing in the environment of air is completely cut off
Raw material after uniformly carries out drying until excluding ethanol completely.
S5. obtained raw material carries out conventional compressing, degreasing, sintering process, obtains required product.For example, conventional pressure
The required product that type is made is mobile phone key, mobile phone logo board, connector or power interface etc..In one of the embodiments,
The degreasing uses oxalic acid degreasing process.Or the degreasing uses thermal debinding process.Thermal debinding process is relative to oxalic acid degreasing
The cycle is longer for technique, about 15~20H；By contrast, oxalic acid degreasing process can about save 10~12 hours.At it
In middle one embodiment, the sintering is using hydrogen as protective gas.Or the sintering uses inert gas such as helium
As protective gas.For example, the sintering is used as protection using hydrogen as protective gas and reducibility gas, one side hydrogen
The oxidation reactive aluminum of gas-insulated air, another aspect hydrogen and aluminum alloy surface, displaces aluminium, and particle expands between making sintering atom
Dissipate and be easier to make for；The sintering also can be but too late without reducing gas effect, effect by the use of nitrogen or helium etc. as protective gas
Hydrogen.For example, hydrogen flowing quantity is 20L/min~50L/min.
Of the invention and its each embodiment, the 316L stainless steel products after processing in the case where other performances are up to standard, such as
Density is more than 7.7g/cm3And consistency ＞ 95% etc., it is 200~270HV through a large amount of test hardness；So as to solve existing powder smelting
The product mutability occurred, the defects of wearing no resistance after gold process processing.
A kind of 316L stainless steel structures, it uses preparation method described in any of the above-described embodiment to be prepared.
Above-mentioned 316L stainless steel structures, material and preparation method are prepared, high rigidity 316L stainless steels can be prepared, avoided
The mutabilities of traditional 316L stainless steel products, improves the wearability of traditional 316L stainless steel products, can be using 316L
The product of stainless steel or the structure with 316L stainless steels produce more excellent hardness property, extend the effective of Related product
Service life, so as to avoid the waste of material, while economizing on resources, be also advantageous to the exploitation of supporting new product.
Provide several specific embodiments again below.
Case study on implementation 1：
The material 20000g (100%) for preparing of 316L stainless steels includes metal material 19200g (96%=19200/
20000) with binding agent 800g (4%=800/20000).
Specifically, metal material 19200g (100%) includes：
Binding agent 800g (100%) includes：
Polyethylene glycol 2000 560g (70%=560/800),
Stearic acid 240g (30%=240/800).
Preparation method comprises the following steps：
1. the binding agent configured is heated into 30min to melting in thermostat water bath, water bath with thermostatic control temperature is set as 65
℃。
2. the metal material configured is preheating to 70 DEG C.
3. the binding agent after thawing and preheated metal material are together added in planetary ball mill, then pour into anhydrous
Ethanol is mixed.It is 1 that ethanol volume, which is added, with the cumulative volume ratio of binding agent and metal material:2；In ball mill shared by ball milling pearl
Volume is 1/3.Drum's speed of rotation：35r/min, incorporation time：40min.
4. the raw material after will be well mixed is dried, ethanol is excluded, completely cuts off air.
5. raw material made from carries out conventional compressing, degreasing, sintering process.
Measure product hardness：240HV.
Case study on implementation 2：
The material 20000g (100%) for preparing of 316L stainless steels includes metal material 19400g (97%=19400/
20000) with binding agent 600g (3%=600/20000).
Specifically, metal material 19400g (100%) includes：
Binding agent 600g (100%) includes：
Polyethylene glycol 2000 420g (70%),
Stearic acid 180g (30%).
Preparation method comprises the following steps：
1. the binding agent configured is heated into 40min to melting in thermostat water bath, water bath with thermostatic control temperature is set as 70
℃。
2. the metal material configured is preheating to 90 DEG C.
3. the binding agent after thawing and preheated metal material are together added in planetary ball mill, then pour into anhydrous
Ethanol is mixed.It is 1 that ethanol volume, which is added, with the cumulative volume ratio of binding agent and metal material:1；In ball mill shared by ball milling pearl
Volume is 1/3.Wherein, drum's speed of rotation：35r/min, incorporation time：40min.
4. the raw material after will be well mixed is dried, ethanol is excluded, completely cuts off air.
5. raw material made from carries out conventional compressing, degreasing, sintering process.
Measure product hardness：250HV.
Case study on implementation 3：
The material 20000g (100%) for preparing of 316L stainless steels includes metal material 19160g (95.8%=19288/
20000) with binding agent 840g (4.2%=840/20000).
Specifically, metal material 19160g (100%) includes：
Binding agent 840g includes：
Polyethylene glycol 2000 560g (70%),
Stearic acid 280g (40%).
Preparation method comprises the following steps：
1. the binding agent configured is heated into 30min to melting in thermostat water bath, water bath with thermostatic control temperature is set as 65
℃。
2. the metal material configured is preheating to 70 DEG C.
3. the binding agent after thawing and preheated metal material are together added in planetary ball mill, then pour into anhydrous
Ethanol is mixed.It is 1 that ethanol volume, which is added, with the cumulative volume ratio of binding agent and metal material:2；In ball mill shared by ball milling pearl
Volume is 1/3.Drum's speed of rotation：35r/min, incorporation time：40min.
4. the raw material after will be well mixed is dried, ethanol is excluded, completely cuts off air.
5. raw material made from carries out conventional compressing, degreasing, sintering process.
Measure product hardness：265HV.
Case study on implementation 4：
The material 20000g (100%) for preparing of 316L stainless steels includes metal material 19160g (96.44%=19288/
20000) with binding agent 712g (3.56%=712/20000).
Specifically, metal material 19288g (100%) includes：
Binding agent 712g includes：
Polyethylene glycol 2000 510g (71.6%),
Stearic acid 202g (28.4%).
Preparation method comprises the following steps：
1. the binding agent configured is heated into 30min to melting in thermostat water bath, water bath with thermostatic control temperature is set as 65
℃。
2. the metal material configured is preheating to 70 DEG C.
3. the binding agent after thawing and preheated metal material are together added in planetary ball mill, then pour into anhydrous
Ethanol is mixed.It is 1 that ethanol volume, which is added, with the cumulative volume ratio of binding agent and metal material:2；In ball mill shared by ball milling pearl
Volume is 1/3.Drum's speed of rotation：35r/min, incorporation time：40min.
4. the raw material after will be well mixed is dried, ethanol (isolation air) is excluded
5. raw material made from carries out conventional compressing, degreasing, sintering process.
Measure product hardness：258HV.
Contrast case：Using commercially available 316L stainless steels raw material, through conventional compressing, degreasing, sintering process, produced
Product, measure product hardness：140HV, far below the Related product hardness of various embodiments of the present invention, and contrast the Related product of case
Due to hardness deficiency, it is easily deformed and easily scratches when in use.
It should be noted that other embodiments of the invention also include, the mutually group of the technical characteristic in the various embodiments described above
Close 316L stainless steel structures being formed, can implementing, prepare material and preparation method.
Each technical characteristic of embodiment described above can be combined arbitrarily, to make description succinct, not to above-mentioned reality
Apply all possible combination of each technical characteristic in example to be all described, as long as however, the combination of these technical characteristics is not deposited
In contradiction, the scope that this specification is recorded all is considered to be.
Embodiment described above only expresses the several embodiments of the present invention, and its description is more specific and detailed, but simultaneously
Can not therefore it be construed as limiting the scope of the patent.It should be pointed out that come for one of ordinary skill in the art
Say, without departing from the inventive concept of the premise, various modifications and improvements can be made, these belong to the protection of the present invention
Scope.Therefore, the protection domain of patent of the present invention should be determined by the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of 316L stainless steels prepare material, it is characterised in that metal material and binding agent including following mass ratio：
Metal material 95%~98%,
Binding agent 2%~5%；
Wherein, the metal material includes the component of following mass ratio：
2. material is prepared according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the binding agent includes the poly- second of following mass percent
Glycol and stearic acid：
Polyethylene glycol 65%~75%,
Stearic acid 25%~35%.
3. material is prepared according to claim 2, it is characterised in that the polyethylene glycol is polyethylene glycol 2000.
4. prepare material according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the granularity of the 316L powder of stainless steel be -500 mesh and
Tap density is 4.7 ± 0.5g/cm3。
5. material is prepared according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the granularity of the titanium carbide powder is -200 mesh, described
The granularity of chromium carbide powder is -500 mesh, and the granularity of the Molybdenum carbide powders is -200 mesh.
6. a kind of preparation method of 316L stainless steel structures, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps：
The binding agent that material is prepared any one of claim 1 to 5 is heated to melting；
The metal material that material is prepared any one of claim 1 to 5 is preheated；
The binding agent after thawing, the metal material after preheating are mixed with absolute ethyl alcohol co-ground；
Drying, shaping, degreasing, sintering obtain 316L stainless steel structures.
7. preparation method according to claim 6, it is characterised in that described in after the binding agent after thawing, preheating
Metal material mixes with absolute ethyl alcohol co-ground, including：By the binding agent after thawing and the metal material after preheating
Material is added in milling apparatus, and then absolute ethyl alcohol is added in milling apparatus, co-ground mixing.
8. preparation method according to claim 6, it is characterised in that the drying, specifically include：Drying is until eliminate all
Absolute ethyl alcohol.
9. preparation method according to claim 8, it is characterised in that the drying in the environment of air is completely cut off is until eliminate all
Absolute ethyl alcohol.
10. a kind of 316L stainless steel structures, it is characterised in that using the preparation method system as any one of claim 6 to 9
It is standby to obtain.
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