CN107739922B - 一种可冲压用铝合金挤压板及其热处理方法 - Google Patents

一种可冲压用铝合金挤压板及其热处理方法 Download PDF

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CN107739922B
CN107739922B CN201711081789.8A CN201711081789A CN107739922B CN 107739922 B CN107739922 B CN 107739922B CN 201711081789 A CN201711081789 A CN 201711081789A CN 107739922 B CN107739922 B CN 107739922B
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李映葵
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Jiangsu Zhonglei New Building Materials Co ltd
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Abstract

一种可冲压用铝合金挤压板,以重量百分比计,包括以下原料:Mg0.26‑1.22%、Si0.5‑2.1%、Mn0.02‑1.2%、Cu0.3‑0.6%、Ni0.03‑0.12%、Sn0.12‑0.16%、Zr0.05‑0.10%、Fe0.06‑0.07%、Ti0.03‑0.05%、Pb0.02‑0.16%、Mo0.1‑0.3%,余量为Al。本发明的有益效果是多种金属相互配合,提高了铝合金挤压板的机械性能和力学性能,此外在热处理方法中,铝合金挤压板放入渗碳介质中可以改善挤压板的表面硬度、耐磨性、以及韧性,同时进行预时效和固溶处理,可以消除偏析,改善铝合金挤压板机械性能,在冲压时,不会出现脆裂等现象,提高了产品质量。

Description

一种可冲压用铝合金挤压板及其热处理方法
技术领域
本发明涉及铝合金技术领域,具体涉及一种可冲压用铝合金挤压板及其热处理方法。
背景技术
铝合金是工业中应用最广泛的一类有色金属结构材料,在航空、航天、汽车、机械制造及化学工业上已大量应用,工业经济的飞速发展,对铝合金的需求日益增多;随着汽车节能、减轻重量得诉求,汽车用铝板将逐渐替代钢板,未来,铝合金挤压板将在汽车有着很大的市场。
现有技术中,铝合金挤压板通过挤出成型制备,挤出成型后铝制品需要进行冷却时效处理以加强铝型材的强度,铝合金在冷却处理以后强度大,冲压出现开裂现象,此外,常用的热处理方法,在热处理工序安排、热处理条件选定等方面存在诸多不合理之处,难以消除零件加工变形、零件加工尺寸出现误差,不能达到技术上要求。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种可冲压用铝合金挤压板及其热处理方法,以解决上述背景技术中提出的问题。
为实现上述目的,本发明提供如下技术方案:
一种可冲压用铝合金挤压板,以重量百分比计,包括以下原料:
Mg0.26-1.22%、Si0.5-2.1%、Mn0.02-1.2%、Cu0.3-0.6%、Ni0.03-0.12%、Sn0.12-0.16%、Zr0.05-0.10%、Fe0.06-0.07%、Ti0.03-0.05%、Pb0.02-0.16%、Mo0.1-0.3%,余量为Al。
作为本发明的进一步方案是:以重量百分比计,包括以下原料:
Mg0.74%、Si1.3%、Mn0.61%、Cu0.45%、Ni0.75%、Sn0.14%、Zr0.75%、Fe0.065%、Ti0.04%、Pb0.09%、Mo0.2%,余量为Al。
一种可冲压用铝合金挤压板的热处理方法,该方法包括以下步骤:
步骤一:加工前对可冲压用铝合金挤压板进行高温热处理,热处理温度520-540℃,热处理时间1-2h;
步骤二:将可冲压用铝合金挤压板送入退火炉进行退火处理,待退火炉温度升至620-650℃后,向退火炉中通入氮气作为保护气体;
步骤三:将退火后的可冲压用铝合金挤压板加热到900-1000℃,保温40-50分钟后,在淬火炉进行淬火处理;
步骤四:淬火结束后将可冲压用铝合金挤压板浸入温度为30-50℃的淬火液,浸入时间30-40分钟,然后送入回火炉进行回火处理,冷却至室温即可;
步骤五:将步骤四中处理过的可冲压用铝合金挤压板,进行预时效处理,以160℃/40min速率升温,然后在温度为580-600℃下进行固溶处理1-2h即可。
作为本发明的再进一步方案是:所述步骤二中保护气体的流速为2-3L/min。
作为本发明的再进一步方案是:所述步骤三中淬火处理的温度为700-760℃,淬火时间1-2h。
作为本发明的再进一步方案是:所述步骤三中可冲压用铝合金挤压板加热到900-1000℃,将铝合金挤压板放入渗碳介质中,再进行淬火处理。
作为本发明的再进一步方案是:所述步骤四中淬火液为淬火油。
作为本发明的再进一步方案是:所述步骤四中回火处理的步骤为:将可冲压用铝合金挤压板升温至600-610℃,保温40-50分钟,再降温至380-400℃,保温20-30分钟。
本发明的有益效果是可冲压用铝合金挤压板以铝、镁为主要成分,碳提高挤压板的强度和韧性,同时锰也具备该性质,二者相互搭配,增强铝合金挤压板的韧性;硅硬度大,质地脆且可以脱氧,镍可以提高磁性;钼可以提高铝合金挤压板的耐高温、耐腐蚀性能;铅是柔软和延展性强的金属,锡的展性比铅还要好,锑与铅搭配使用,形成的机械强度大大提高;此外,铅、锡、锑三者金属起协同作用,使铝合金挤压板可以承受高压状态,多种金属相互配合,提高了铝合金挤压板的机械性能和力学性能;在热处理方法中,铝合金挤压板放入渗碳介质中可以改善挤压板的表面硬度、耐磨性、以及韧性,同时进行预时效和固溶处理,可以消除偏析,改善铝合金挤压板机械性能,在冲压时,不会出现脆裂等现象,提高了产品质量。
具体实施方式
下面结合具体实施例,对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述,显然,所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例,而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例,本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例,都属于本发明保护的范围。
实施例1:
本实施例的一种可冲压用铝合金挤压板,以重量百分比计,包括以下原料:
Mg0.26%、Si0.5%、Mn0.02%、Cu0.3%、Ni0.03%、Sn0.12%、Zr0.05%、Fe0.06%、Ti0.03%、Pb0.02%、Mo0.1%,余量为Al。
本实施例的一种可冲压用铝合金挤压板的热处理方法,包括以下步骤:
步骤一:加工前对可冲压用铝合金挤压板进行高温热处理,热处理温度520℃,热处理时间1h;
步骤二:将可冲压用铝合金挤压板送入退火炉进行退火处理,待退火炉温度升至620℃后,向退火炉中通入氮气作为保护气体;
步骤三:将退火后的可冲压用铝合金挤压板加热到900℃,保温40分钟后,在淬火炉进行淬火处理;
步骤四:淬火结束后将可冲压用铝合金挤压板浸入温度为30℃的淬火液,浸入时间30分钟,然后送入回火炉进行回火处理,冷却至室温即可;
步骤五:将步骤四中处理过的可冲压用铝合金挤压板,进行预时效处理,以160℃/40min速率升温,然后在温度为580℃下进行固溶处理1h即可。
本实施例中的步骤二中保护气体的流速为2L/min。
本实施例中的步骤三中淬火处理的温度为700℃,淬火时间1h。
本实施例中的步骤三中可冲压用铝合金挤压板加热到900℃,将铝合金挤压板放入渗碳介质中,再进行淬火处理。
本实施例中的步骤四中回火处理的步骤为:将可冲压用铝合金挤压板升温至600℃,保温40分钟,再降温至380℃,保温20分钟。
实施例2:
本实施例的一种可冲压用铝合金挤压板,以重量百分比计,包括以下原料:
Mg1.22%、Si2.1%、Mn1.2%、Cu0.6%、Ni0.12%、Sn0.16%、Zr0.10%、Fe0.07%、Ti0.05%、Pb0.16%、Mo0.3%,余量为Al。
本实施例的一种可冲压用铝合金挤压板的热处理方法,包括以下步骤:
步骤一:加工前对可冲压用铝合金挤压板进行高温热处理,热处理温度540℃,热处理时间2h;
步骤二:将可冲压用铝合金挤压板送入退火炉进行退火处理,待退火炉温度升至650℃后,向退火炉中通入氮气作为保护气体;
步骤三:将退火后的可冲压用铝合金挤压板加热到1000℃,保温50分钟后,在淬火炉进行淬火处理;
步骤四:淬火结束后将可冲压用铝合金挤压板浸入温度为50℃的淬火液,浸入时间40分钟,然后送入回火炉进行回火处理,冷却至室温即可;
步骤五:将步骤四中处理过的可冲压用铝合金挤压板,进行预时效处理,以160℃/40min速率升温,然后在温度为600℃下进行固溶处理2h即可。
本实施例中的步骤二中保护气体的流速为3L/min。
本实施例中的步骤三中淬火处理的温度为760℃,淬火时间2h。
本实施例中的步骤三中可冲压用铝合金挤压板加热到1000℃,将铝合金挤压板放入渗碳介质中,再进行淬火处理。
本实施例中的步骤四中回火处理的步骤为:将可冲压用铝合金挤压板升温至610℃,保温50分钟,再降温至400℃,保温30分钟。
实施例3:
本实施例的一种可冲压用铝合金挤压板,以重量百分比计,包括以下原料:
Mg0.74%、Si1.3%、Mn0.61%、Cu0.45%、Ni0.75%、Sn0.14%、Zr0.75%、Fe0.065%、Ti0.04%、Pb0.09%、Mo0.2%,余量为Al。
本实施例的一种可冲压用铝合金挤压板的热处理方法,包括以下步骤:
步骤一:加工前对可冲压用铝合金挤压板进行高温热处理,热处理温度520-540℃,热处理时间1.5h;
步骤二:将可冲压用铝合金挤压板送入退火炉进行退火处理,待退火炉温度升至635℃后,向退火炉中通入氮气作为保护气体;
步骤三:将退火后的可冲压用铝合金挤压板加热到950℃,保温45分钟后,在淬火炉进行淬火处理;
步骤四:淬火结束后将可冲压用铝合金挤压板浸入温度为40℃的淬火液,浸入时间35分钟,然后送入回火炉进行回火处理,冷却至室温即可;
步骤五:将步骤四中处理过的可冲压用铝合金挤压板,进行预时效处理,以160℃/40min速率升温,然后在温度为590℃下进行固溶处理1.5h即可。
本实施例中的步骤二中保护气体的流速为2.5L/min。
本实施例中的步骤三中淬火处理的温度为730℃,淬火时间1.5h。
本实施例中的步骤三中可冲压用铝合金挤压板加热到950℃,将铝合金挤压板放入渗碳介质中,再进行淬火处理。
本实施例中的步骤四中回火处理的步骤为:将可冲压用铝合金挤压板升温至605℃,保温45分钟,再降温至390℃,保温25分钟。
对于本领域技术人员而言,显然本发明不限于上述示范性实施例的细节,而且在不背离本发明的精神或基本特征的情况下,能够以其他的具体形式实现本发明。因此,无论从哪一点来看,均应将实施例看作是示范性的,而且是非限制性的,本发明的范围由所附权利要求而不是上述说明限定,因此旨在将落在权利要求的等同要件的含义和范围内的所有变化囊括在本发明内。
此外,应当理解,虽然本说明书按照实施方式加以描述,但并非每个实施方式仅包含一个独立的技术方案,说明书的这种叙述方式仅仅是为清楚起见,本领域技术人员应当将说明书作为一个整体,各实施例中的技术方案也可以经适当组合,形成本领域技术人员可以理解的其他实施方式。

Claims (7)

1.一种可冲压用铝合金挤压板的热处理方法,该铝合金挤压板以重量百分比计,包括以下原料:
Mg0.26-1.22%、Si0.5-2.1%、Mn0.02-1.2%、Cu0.3-0.6%、Ni0.03-0.12%、Sn0.12-0.16%、Zr0.05-0.10%、Fe0.06-0.07%、Ti0.03-0.05%、Pb0.02-0.16%、Mo0.1-0.3%,余量为Al;
包括以下步骤:
步骤一:加工前对可冲压用铝合金挤压板进行高温热处理,热处理温度520-540℃,热处理时间1-2h;
步骤二:将可冲压用铝合金挤压板送入退火炉进行退火处理,待退火炉温度升至620-650℃后,向退火炉中通入氮气作为保护气体;
步骤三:将退火后的可冲压用铝合金挤压板加热到900-1000℃,保温40-50分钟后,在淬火炉进行淬火处理;
步骤四:淬火结束后将可冲压用铝合金挤压板浸入温度为30-50℃的淬火液,浸入时间30-40分钟,然后送入回火炉进行回火处理,冷却至室温;
步骤五:将步骤四中处理过的可冲压用铝合金挤压板,进行预时效处理,以160℃/40min速率升温,然后在温度为580-600℃下进行固溶处理1-2h即可。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种可冲压用铝合金挤压板的热处理方法,其特征在于,该铝合金挤压板以重量百分比计,包括以下原料:
Mg0.74%、Si1.3%、Mn0.61%、Cu0.45%、Ni0.75%、Sn0.14%、Zr0.75%、Fe0.065%、Ti0.04%、Pb0.09%、Mo0.2%,余量为Al。
3.根据权利要求2所述的一种可冲压用铝合金挤压板的热处理方法,其特征在于,所述步骤二中保护气体的流速为2-3L/min。
4.根据权利要求2所述的一种可冲压用铝合金挤压板的热处理方法,其特征在于,所述步骤三中淬火处理的温度为700-760℃,淬火时间1-2h。
5.根据权利要求2所述的一种可冲压用铝合金挤压板的热处理方法,其特征在于,所述步骤三中可冲压用铝合金挤压板加热到900-1000℃,将铝合金挤压板放入渗碳介质中,再进行淬火处理。
6.根据权利要求2所述的一种可冲压用铝合金挤压板的热处理方法,其特征在于,所述步骤四中淬火液为淬火油。
7.根据权利要求2所述的一种可冲压用铝合金挤压板的热处理方法,其特征在于,所述步骤四中回火处理的步骤为:将可冲压用铝合金挤压板升温至600-610℃,保温40-50分钟,再降温至380-400℃,保温20-30分钟。
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