CN107739624A - A kind of gas complete alternation distillation system and technique for the long flame dry distillation of coal - Google Patents
A kind of gas complete alternation distillation system and technique for the long flame dry distillation of coal Download PDFInfo
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- CN107739624A CN107739624A CN201711159898.7A CN201711159898A CN107739624A CN 107739624 A CN107739624 A CN 107739624A CN 201711159898 A CN201711159898 A CN 201711159898A CN 107739624 A CN107739624 A CN 107739624A
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- 238000000197 pyrolysis Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 63
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 39
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 28
- 238000004821 distillation Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 27
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 60
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 41
- 238000006477 desulfuration reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 230000023556 desulfurization Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 259
- 239000011280 coal tar Substances 0.000 claims description 34
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 claims description 31
- 239000000571 coke Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000003034 coal gas Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000010865 sewage Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000010411 cooking Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000000498 cooling water Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000005864 Sulphur Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000011796 hollow space material Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000005292 vacuum distillation Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011800 void material Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000003911 water pollution Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000112 cooling gas Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 9
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 7
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000005338 heat storage Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000009776 industrial production Methods 0.000 description 3
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000011449 brick Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000003749 cleanliness Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002826 coolant Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000003912 environmental pollution Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003546 flue gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000011031 large-scale manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000003321 amplification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000003763 carbonization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010327 methods by industry Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005065 mining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003199 nucleic acid amplification method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004058 oil shale Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012827 research and development Methods 0.000 description 1
- -1 stand Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000036642 wellbeing Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10B—DESTRUCTIVE DISTILLATION OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION OF GAS, COKE, TAR, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
- C10B53/00—Destructive distillation, specially adapted for particular solid raw materials or solid raw materials in special form
- C10B53/04—Destructive distillation, specially adapted for particular solid raw materials or solid raw materials in special form of powdered coal
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10B—DESTRUCTIVE DISTILLATION OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION OF GAS, COKE, TAR, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
- C10B49/00—Destructive distillation of solid carbonaceous materials by direct heating with heat-carrying agents including the partial combustion of the solid material to be treated
- C10B49/02—Destructive distillation of solid carbonaceous materials by direct heating with heat-carrying agents including the partial combustion of the solid material to be treated with hot gases or vapours, e.g. hot gases obtained by partial combustion of the charge
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10B—DESTRUCTIVE DISTILLATION OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION OF GAS, COKE, TAR, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
- C10B57/00—Other carbonising or coking processes; Features of destructive distillation processes in general
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L3/00—Gaseous fuels; Natural gas; Synthetic natural gas obtained by processes not covered by subclass C10G, C10K; Liquefied petroleum gas
- C10L3/06—Natural gas; Synthetic natural gas obtained by processes not covered by C10G, C10K3/02 or C10K3/04
- C10L3/10—Working-up natural gas or synthetic natural gas
- C10L3/101—Removal of contaminants
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L3/00—Gaseous fuels; Natural gas; Synthetic natural gas obtained by processes not covered by subclass C10G, C10K; Liquefied petroleum gas
- C10L3/06—Natural gas; Synthetic natural gas obtained by processes not covered by C10G, C10K3/02 or C10K3/04
- C10L3/10—Working-up natural gas or synthetic natural gas
- C10L3/101—Removal of contaminants
- C10L3/102—Removal of contaminants of acid contaminants
- C10L3/103—Sulfur containing contaminants
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of gas complete alternation distillation system and technique for the long flame dry distillation of coal, the distillation system includes gas retort, oily recovery unit, desulfurization unit, circulating mash gas heating unit, gas holder and gas circulation line, the oily recovery unit includes water spray system, gas-liquid separator, horizontal water-tube cooler, cyclone dust collectors and the electrostatic oil-trap being sequentially connected, and the electrostatic oil-trap is connected with the desulfurization unit；The desulfurization unit is connected with the circulating mash gas heating unit and gas holder respectively；The gas holder is connected with the circulating mash gas heating unit；Circulating mash gas entrance of the circulating mash gas through the gas retort after the circulating mash gas heating unit will heat up by the gas circulation line delivers to the gas retort.Treating capacity of the present invention is big, and flow is simple, auxiliary facility reduced investment, efficiency high.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to low temperature distillation technical field in low-order coal, more particularly, to a kind of for the long flame dry distillation of coal
Gas complete alternation distillation system and technique.
Background technology
Coal resources in China rich reserves, the highly-efficient processing of coal is using as the highest attention of coal in China energy field
Problem.
The Typical Representative that external long flame pyrolysis of coal is upgraded to cover technology mainly has what Oil Shale Corporation of America developed
Toscoal rotary furnace pyrolytic processes；Shell mining company of the U.S. and the LFC skills of SGI companies of U.S. cooperative development；Western Energy Resources are public
Take charge of the ACCP pyrolytic processes of exploitation；The fluid bed fast pyrolysis that Australian Union's science is developed with industrial research institute (CSIR O)
Technique；Lurgi-Spuelgas (L-S) technique of German Lurgi GmbH exploitations etc..The unit of studies in China coal pyrolysis technology
It is numerous, there is the exploitation of Chinese coal scientific research Zong Yuan Beijing coal chemical industry branch than the more typical technology suitable for improving quality of coal by pyrolysis
Multistage rotary furnace (MRF) pyrolytic process；The jet coal solid heat carrier method of Dalian University of Technology Guo Shu ability et al. research and development
Destructive distillation (DG) technique；The low order pyrolytic process of coal that coal liquifaction chemical research institute of Shenhua is developing；Chinese Academy of Sciences Shanxi coalification institute and
" coal plug technique " (the BT techniques) of process engineering research institute of the Chinese Academy of Sciences etc..
Several distillation process are the main research directions of domestic and international scientific research institutions above, are mostly in experimental study at present
With industrial Qualify Phase, the precedent and experience that there is no large-scale engineeringization to apply.Process system complexity, state be present in most of technology
The problems such as outer technology transfer investment is big, system operation reliability is low, coal upgrading cost is high, environmental pollution weight.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to overcome drawbacks described above existing for prior art, there is provided one kind is suitable for large-scale engineering
The gas complete alternation distillation process and system for the long flame dry distillation of coal of demand, the gas from production is used to be used as by overall process
Gas heat carrier, burning gas and cooling gas, significantly reduce production cost, with treating capacity is big, oil yield is high, temperature
Easily controllable, the features such as gas heating value is high.
To achieve the above object, technical scheme is as follows：
A kind of gas complete alternation distillation system for the long flame dry distillation of coal, including gas retort, oily recovery unit, desulfurization list
Member, circulating mash gas heating unit, gas holder and gas circulation line, the gas retort include charging aperture, coke outlet, oil-out and followed
Ring gas inlet, it is characterised in that
The oily recovery unit include be sequentially connected water spray system, gas-liquid separator, horizontal water-tube cooler, cyclone dust removal
Device and electrostatic oil-trap, the oil-out of the gas retort and the gas-liquid separator, horizontal water-tube cooler, cyclone dust collectors and electrostatic
Oil-trap is sequentially connected, and the water spray system gets to shower water oil-out and the gas-liquid separation positioned at the gas retort
On destructive distillation product between device；
The electrostatic oil-trap is connected with the desulfurization unit；
The desulfurization unit is connected with the circulating mash gas heating unit and gas holder respectively；
The gas holder is connected with the circulating mash gas heating unit；
The circulating mash gas heating unit will heat up by the gas circulation line after circulating mash gas through the destructive distillation
The circulating mash gas entrance of stove delivers to the gas retort.
Preferably, the gas retort include body of heater, feed arrangement, gas recycle unit, chev(e)ron baffle, sub-material tracery wall,
Coke discharging passage, water leg and discharging device for coke；The gas recycle unit includes taper battle array umbrella, gas discharge line, thermal cycle watt
This enters pipeline and ancient cooking vessel shape structure distribution device；The coke discharging passage is between the sub-material tracery wall；The water leg surrounds
In the coke discharging beneath galleries periphery；
The thermal circulation gas enters insides of pipes and sets a pair of deflectors；
The ancient cooking vessel shape structure distribution device includes annular gas distribution passage and center distribution device, the annular gas distribution passage with
The thermal circulation gas is connected into pipeline, and the center distribution device includes three legs and hollow tube-shape object, described three
The inside of leg to be hollow, the hollow space of three legs and the annular gas distribution passage, the hollow tube-shape object it is hollow
Part is communicated respectively, and air-flow spray orifice is equipped with three legs and the hollow tube-shape object.
Preferably, the circulating mash gas heating unit includes recuperative heater and mixing chamber, the recuperative heater
It is connected with the mixing chamber, the mixing chamber is also connected with the gas holder.
Preferably, four recuperative heaters and two mixing chambers are configured to one group of heat accumulating type heating dress
Put, wherein, four recuperative heaters are all connected with described two mixing chambers respectively, and four recuperative heaters are adopted
With " two, which burn two, send " mechanism works, the circulating mash gas heating unit is made up of at least one set of heat accumulating type heater.
Preferably, the electrostatic oil-trap of the oily recovery unit is also connected with oil-water separation tank, the oil-water separation tank according to
It is secondary to be connected through sewage-treatment plant and water circulating pump with the water spray system.
Preferably, the horizontal water-tube cooler includes three groups of temperature indirect cooling water groups changed in gradient and directly cooled down
Shower water group.
Preferably, the desulfurization unit includes the void tower being sequentially connected and the packed tower for filling doctor solution.
The gas complete alternation distillation process that a kind of distillation system described in usage right requirement 1~7 is carried out, its feature exist
In comprising the following steps：
(1) destructive distillation：By the jet coal feedstock transportation of 6mm~80mm particle diameters to gas retort, thermal circulation gas is below raw material
It is passed through, raw material is heated to 550 DEG C~700 DEG C, low temperature distillation in progress, gas retort is interior without burning, and enters without air, destructive distillation
Product coal tar and gas afterwards, together with circulating mash gas, together into oily recovery unit, the product semicoke after destructive distillation is after cooling
Discharge gas retort；
(2) to the product coal tar and gas after destructive distillation, and circulating mash gas mixture carry out oil, qi leel from：Destructive distillation
Oil is received in product coal tar and gas afterwards, and circulating mash gas, the cooling through oily recovery unit, realizes point of coal tar and gas
From coal tar is transported to the collection of coal tar storage device, and gas is transported to desulfurization unit and carries out desulfurization process；Wherein, it is oily
Recovery unit includes water spray system, gas-liquid separator, horizontal water-tube cooler, cyclone dust collectors and electrostatic oil-trap successively；
(3) desulfurization process is carried out to gas：By the removal of sulphur in gas in desulfurization unit, make the sulfur content in gas low
In 50mg, afterwards, a part of gas is sent to heating unit as circulating mash gas, and tail gas is sent to gas holder storage；
(4) heat cycles gas：The gas stored using in gas holder is used as burning gas, there is provided heat is by cold circulating mash gas
Be heated to 660 DEG C~700 DEG C, it is heated after thermal circulation gas be transported to gas retort and recycled as destructive distillation heat carrier.
Further, in step (4), using heat accumulating type mode of heating heat cycles gas.
Further, in step (2), the product coal tar and gas after destructive distillation, and the mixture of circulating mash gas are entered
Row oil, the separation of gas and water, stand, intermediate layer water layer is after water pollution treatment to the coal tar after separation in oil-water separation tank
The water spray system to be got to by water circulating pump and is used for shower water, upper strata coal tar is transported to the collection of coal tar storage device,
Lower floor's solid greasy filth is conveyed to sewage treatment.
It can be seen from the above technical proposal that the invention has the advantages that：
By improving the gas distribution structure in gas retort, gas heat carrier is more evenly distributed in stove, improve gas retort
Treating capacity, the quality of destructive distillation product semicoke is improved, improve oil yield to more than 80%, improve self-produced gas calorific value；
The jet coal raw material compared with broad particle size range can be handled, substantially increases day output；
Enter in gas retort without burning, no air, free from admixture, the calorific value of destructive distillation product gas is high, disclosure satisfy that destructive distillation is complete
Process needs, and significantly reduces production cost；
Oily recovery unit, the treating capacity of desulfurization unit and circulating mash gas heating unit and treatment effeciency all increase；
It is used as circulating mash gas and burning gas after desulfurization process is carried out to obtained gas, reduces environmental pollution；
The overall day output of the present invention is big, and suitable for heavy industrialization, economic well-being of workers and staff is high, and cost is low.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is a kind of structural representation of gas complete alternation distillation system for the long flame dry distillation of coal of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of the oily recovery unit in the distillation system of the present invention；
Fig. 3 is the structural representation of horizontal water-tube cooler in a specific embodiment of the invention；
Fig. 4 is the structural representation of the circulating mash gas heating unit in a specific embodiment of the invention；
Fig. 5 is the structural representation of the gas retort of a specific embodiment of the invention；
Fig. 6 is the horizontal section schematic diagram of the distribution device in the gas retort shown in Fig. 5；
Fig. 7 is the longitudinal profile schematic diagram of the distribution device in the gas retort shown in Fig. 5.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, the embodiment of the present invention is described in further detail.
It should be noted that in following embodiments, when embodiments of the present invention are described in detail, in order to clear
Ground represents the structure of the present invention in order to illustrate, special that structure in accompanying drawing is not drawn according to general proportion, and has carried out part
Amplification, deformation and simplified processing, therefore, should avoid being understood in this, as limitation of the invention.
In embodiment of the invention below, referring to Fig. 1, one kind that Fig. 1 is the present invention is done for jet coal
The structural representation of the gas complete alternation distillation system evaporated.As illustrated, a kind of gas complete alternation for the long flame dry distillation of coal is done
Evaporate system, including gas retort 1, oily recovery unit 2, desulfurization unit 3, circulating mash gas heating unit 4, gas holder and gas circulation pipe
Road, the top of gas retort 1 have charging aperture, and bottom has coke outlet, and top has oil-out, and middle part has circulating mash gas
Entrance.
Refer to Fig. 2.Oily recovery unit include be sequentially connected water spray system, gas-liquid separator, horizontal water-tube cooler, rotation
Wind deduster and electrostatic oil-trap.The cooling principle of water spray system is directly to connect 40~50 DEG C of shower water and destructive distillation product
Touch cooling, destructive distillation product from gas retort come out when temperature be 100~140 DEG C, drop to 70 after shower water cools down for the first time~
80℃.Gas-liquid separator is to separate most of methane gas in mixture, for fairly large production, the device
Increase can significantly improve treating capacity.Horizontal water-tube cooler mainly cooling indirectly, can be using cooling water as cooling medium.Whirlwind
Deduster mainly removes the ash of the solid particle in mixture.Electrostatic oil-trap further improves and catches oily efficiency.By above-mentioned
The refrigerated separation step by step of each device, destructive distillation product coal tar and device in Gas separate respectively, and device in Gas is in the presence of roots blower
It is transported to desulfurization unit and carries out desulfurization, coal tar is stood in oil-water separation tank first, and after standing, upper strata coal tar oil content is defeated
The collection of coal tar storage device is sent to, intermediate layer water layer is conveyed to sewage treatment plant's blowdown processing, and lower floor's solid greasy filth is also received
Collection, by unified sewage treatment.In order to save water resource, the water through sewage treatment can continue to serve as the spray in water spray system
Water, recycle in process.Indirect cooling water in horizontal water-tube cooler may also set up recycling.
In oily recovery process, the temperature of destructive distillation product drops lower, and oil-water separation is better, and oil-collecting ratio is higher.Fig. 3
For the structural representation of the horizontal water-tube cooler in an of the invention specific embodiment, as we can see from the figure：Horizontal water-tube cooler is one
Rectangular cavities structure, on cavity top, one side has oil gas entrance 201, and in cavity bottom, one side has oil gas vent 202,
Condensate outlet 203 is set in cavity bottom surfaces, and indirect cooling tube is divided into three groups, is arranged in from top to bottom in cavity, every group
Cooling water temperature in indirect cooling tube is different, from top to bottom, gradually reduces, every group of indirect cooling tube upper end goes out for cooling water
Mouthful, respectively 205,207 and 209, lower end are cooling water inlet, respectively 206,208 and 210.On the vertical plane of cavity also
The direct cooling medium entrance of multilayer can be set, for example, setting top spray water inlet 204 on cavity top, set in middle and lower part
Put bottom spray water inlet 211.Cooling and directly cooling are combined indirectly, ensure cooling effect.
Desulfurization unit can use any prior art, it is therefore an objective to remove the sulphur in device in Gas, avoid follow-up burning dirty
Air is contaminated, and avoids methane gas heat carrier unholiness, reduces gas calorific value.In the present embodiment, desulfurization unit is to fill
The packed tower of doctor solution, belongs to wet desulphurization, and methane gas enters from packed tower bottom, flows through doctor solution, remove sulphur removal, Ran Houcong
Packed tower top is flowed out, and the sulfur content in gas is less than 50mg.Due to containing volatile solid in destructive distillation product gas
Grain ash, ash are dissolved in doctor solution, easily cause packed tower blocking, especially when large-scale production, the increase of blocking amount, block frequency
It is numerous, extreme influence production efficiency.Increase by a void tower before packed tower, device in Gas is introduced into void tower, subsequently into packed tower.In sky
In tower, most of solid particle ash in device in Gas can settle down, and solve the easy blockage problem of packed tower, be adapted to
Fairly large production.
Device in Gas after desulfurization is divided into two parts, and a part is used as circulating mash gas, through circulating mash gas heating unit heats
After send to gas retort and send to gas holder as gas heat carrier, another part and store for future use.
Circulating mash gas heating unit can use pipe type heating device and heat accumulating type heater.Pipe type heating device it is excellent
Point is can be with continuous burning, and continuous conveying thermal circulation gas, easy temperature control system, still, shortcoming is circulating mash gas boiler tube short life,
Decarbonizing is difficult, and cost is high, when large-scale production, can seriously hinder production efficiency.Heat accumulating type heater advantage
It is low cost, easy-clear carbon distribution, still, shortcoming is that the temperature of circulating mash gas fluctuates in larger section, has a strong impact on destructive distillation matter
Amount.From the aspect of large-scale industrial production is adapted to, the present invention preferably heat accumulating type mode of heating.
Fig. 4 is refer to, Fig. 4 is the structural representation of the circulating mash gas heating unit in a specific embodiment of the invention.Such as
Shown in figure, circulating mash gas heating unit includes recuperative heater and mixing chamber, and gas holder provides burning watt to recuperative heater
This, and after combustion air mixing, in the combustion chambers burn of heating furnace, burning produces a large amount of high-temperature flue gas, in Heat Room and heat exchange
Heat exchange occurs for the checker brick heat storage of chamber interior walls, and flue of the low-temperature flue gas through Heat Room bottom after heat exchange is discharged from chimney.
Afterwards, SAPMAC method gas enters from Heat Room heat storage one end (being Heat Room lower end in the present embodiment), after checker brick heat,
(being Heat Room upper end in the present embodiment) is discharged from the heat storage other end, the circulating mash gas after heating enters mixing chamber, is mixing
Room and the cold gas Mixed adjustment temperature from gas holder to required temperature, enter gas retort through gas circulation line and carried as heat
Body.In the heating process, because self-produced gas calorific value is high, there is enough gas to be used as fuel, also further ensure for gas holder
The cleanliness factor of circulating mash gas.In addition, still being mixed in mixing chamber using self-produced gas with high temperature gas, not only ensure circulating mash gas
Cleanliness factor, furthermore, it is possible to strictly control the temperature into the circulating mash gas of gas retort, it is no more than 5 DEG C up and down, improves destructive distillation quality.
In order to adapt to large-scale industrial production, it is one group of heat accumulating type that the present invention, which sets four heating furnaces and two mixing chambers,
Heater, the group is interior to be in burning stage regenerator using " two, which burn two, send " working mechanism, i.e. two heating furnaces, and another two are heated
Stove is in the air-supply heating period, it is possible to achieve continuous burning, continuously supplies gas.Multigroup above-mentioned heat accumulating type heater can be set.
When setting multigroup, a module can be set to by one group, using complete " duplication " mode, easy to operate, strong adaptability, Yi Shi
Existing modularization and full automation.
In coal carbonization technique, the structure of gas retort is extremely important, determines the size for the treatment of capacity.In the present embodiment
In, the gas distribution structure of existing gas retort is improved, makes thermal circulation gas being more evenly distributed in the feed, improves dry
Evaporate product quality, improve oil yield, improve the quality of product semicoke, increase its application value, on the other hand, also increase watt
The output of this gas, whole distillation process is all used self-produced gas, save production cost, reduce impurity level, improve self-produced gas
Calorific value, improve Production Gain.
Fig. 5 is the present invention preferably gas retort structural representation, as shown in the figure：Gas retort includes body of heater 101, feed arrangement
102nd, gas recycle unit 103, chev(e)ron baffle 104, sub-material tracery wall 105, coke discharging passage 106, water leg 107 and discharging device for coke
108.Gas recycle unit 103 includes taper battle array umbrella 1031, gas discharge line 1032, thermal circulation gas and enters the and of pipeline 1035
Ancient cooking vessel shape structure distribution device 1034.Coke discharging passage 106 is between sub-material tracery wall 105.Water leg 107 is enclosed in coke discharging passage
105 lower, outer perimeters.
Discharging device for coke 108 includes chain type coke knocker 1082 and basin 1081, and the chain row of chain type coke knocker 1082 is provided with drip
The mouth of a river.After semicoke after destructive distillation falls into basin cooling, discharged by chain type coke knocker, the draining that the water contained by semicoke is arranged by chain
Mouthful leak down to reenter basin 1081, can so save substantial amounts of water, and relatively scrape and push away coke discharging mode and significantly reduce
Noise.
Taper battle array umbrella 1031 is fixedly connected with gas discharge line 1032, and gas passing away passes through body of heater top plate, taper
Battle array umbrella 1031 is connected by chain 1033 with gas retort inwall, is provided for what is be connected with chain on the varying level position of inwall
Hook or link, the height of taper battle array umbrella 1031 can be adjusted as needed, so as to regulate and control the temperature and jet coal of discharge gas
Preheating time, be advantageous to improve destructive distillation effect and heat energy efficiency.
Small opening is set on chev(e)ron baffle 104, jet coal cloth can be made more uniform, so as to realize that material is uniformly done
Evaporate, improve material handling capacity.
Feed arrangement includes funnel 1021, slide valve 1022 and star-like feed valve 1023, in addition at the top of body of heater
Grain position meter 1024, grain position meter 1024 is closed when flat, when needing to measure inventory height in gas retort stove, is opened level-sensing device and is carried out
Measurement, feed arrangement count measurement situation to control charging according to grain position.
Refer to Fig. 6 and Fig. 7.Ancient cooking vessel shape structure distribution device 1034 includes annular gas distribution passage 1037 and center gas distribution fills
Put, annular gas distribution passage 1037 is connected with thermal circulation gas into pipeline 1035, and center distribution device includes three Hes of leg 1038
Hollow tube-shape object 1039, the inside of three legs 1038 are hollow, the hollow space and annular gas distribution passage of three legs 1038
1037th, the hollow space of hollow tube-shape object 1039 communicates respectively, is equipped with three legs 1038 and hollow tube-shape object 1039
Air-flow spray orifice 10381.After heat carrier air-flow enters pipeline 1035 into thermal circulation gas, through the water conservancy diversion of deflector 1036, a part
Gas sprays into gas retort by the air-flow spray orifice 10381 on annular gas distribution passage 1037, and a part of gas fills into center gas distribution
Three legs 1038 put, then gas retort is entered by the air-flow spray orifice 10381 on three legs 1038 and hollow tube-shape object 1039,
Make the heat carrier air-flow for entering furnace chamber from spray orifice 10381 everywhere more uniform, the air-flow everywhere in same section, temperature is in phase
To the state of equilibrium, material in stove is equalized destructive distillation, so as to improve material destructive distillation completeness, improve the processing of gas retort
Amount.
Thermal circulation gas enters the inner side of pipeline 1035 and sets a pair of deflectors 1036.Deflector 1036 divides thermal circulation gas
The annular gas distribution passage 1037 imported into three parts in ancient cooking vessel shape structure distribution device 1034, a part of hot gas flow nearby from pipeline
Enter annular gas distribution passage 1037, another two parts are oriented to by deflector enters pipeline 1035 remotely apart from thermal circulation gas, so
Architectural feature hot gas is more uniformly entered furnace chamber, so as to realize the uniform destructive distillation of material, improve material handling capacity.
Above-mentioned destructive distillation furnace structure can handle the jet coal raw material that particle size range is 6~80mm, improve the processing of single stove
Amount, destructive distillation product quality is improved, self-produced gas calorific value is improved, suitable for large-scale industrial production.
The gas complete alternation distillation process carried out using above-mentioned distillation system, is comprised the following steps：
(1) destructive distillation：By the jet coal feedstock transportation of 6mm~80mm particle diameters to gas retort, thermal circulation gas is below raw material
It is passed through, raw material is heated to 550 DEG C~700 DEG C, low temperature distillation in progress, gas retort is interior without burning, and enters without air, destructive distillation
Product coal tar and gas afterwards, together with circulating mash gas, together into oily recovery unit, the product semicoke after destructive distillation is after cooling
Discharge gas retort.
(2) to the product coal tar and gas after destructive distillation, and circulating mash gas mixture carry out oil, qi leel from：Destructive distillation
Oil is received in product coal tar and gas afterwards, and circulating mash gas, the cooling through oily recovery unit, realizes point of coal tar and gas
From coal tar is transported to the collection of coal tar storage device, and gas is transported to desulfurization unit and carries out desulfurization process；Wherein, it is oily
Recovery unit includes water spray system, gas-liquid separator, horizontal water-tube cooler, cyclone dust collectors and electrostatic oil-trap successively.Enter one
Step ground, can also be to carrying out oil, point of gas and water to the product coal tar and gas after destructive distillation, and the mixture of circulating mash gas
From being stood to the coal tar after separation in oil-water separation tank, intermediate layer water layer is got to after water pollution treatment by water circulating pump
The water spray system is used for shower water, and upper strata coal tar is transported to the collection of coal tar storage device, lower floor's solid greasy filth quilt
Send to sewage treatment.
(3) desulfurization process is carried out to gas：By the removal of sulphur in gas in desulfurization unit, make the sulfur content in gas low
In 50mg, afterwards, a part of gas is sent to heating unit as circulating mash gas, and tail gas is sent to gas holder storage.
(4) heat cycles gas：The gas stored using in gas holder is used as burning gas, there is provided heat is by cold circulating mash gas
Be heated to 660 DEG C~700 DEG C, it is heated after thermal circulation gas be transported to gas retort and recycled as destructive distillation heat carrier.
It is preferred that heat accumulating type mode of heating heat cycles gas.
The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but protection scope of the present invention be not limited thereto,
Any one skilled in the art the invention discloses technical scope in, technique according to the invention scheme and its
Inventive concept is subject to equivalent substitution or change, should all be included within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of gas complete alternation distillation system for the long flame dry distillation of coal, including gas retort, oily recovery unit, desulfurization unit,
Circulating mash gas heating unit, gas holder and gas circulation line, the gas retort include charging aperture, coke outlet, oil-out and circulation
Gas inlet, it is characterised in that
The oily recovery unit include be sequentially connected water spray system, gas-liquid separator, horizontal water-tube cooler, cyclone dust collectors and
Electrostatic oil-trap, the oil-out of the gas retort catch oil with the gas-liquid separator, horizontal water-tube cooler, cyclone dust collectors and electrostatic
Device is sequentially connected, the water spray system by shower water get to oil-out and the gas-liquid separator positioned at the gas retort it
Between destructive distillation product on；
The electrostatic oil-trap is connected with the desulfurization unit；
The desulfurization unit is connected with the circulating mash gas heating unit and gas holder respectively；
The gas holder is connected with the circulating mash gas heating unit；
The circulating mash gas heating unit will heat up by the gas circulation line after circulating mash gas through the gas retort
Circulating mash gas entrance delivers to the gas retort.
A kind of 2. gas complete alternation distillation system for the long flame dry distillation of coal according to claim 1, it is characterised in that institute
State gas retort include body of heater, feed arrangement, gas recycle unit, chev(e)ron baffle, sub-material tracery wall, coke discharging passage, water leg and
Discharging device for coke；The gas recycle unit includes taper battle array umbrella, gas discharge line, thermal circulation gas and enters pipeline and ancient cooking vessel shape knot
Structure distribution device；The coke discharging passage is between the sub-material tracery wall；The water leg is enclosed in the coke discharging beneath galleries
Periphery；
The thermal circulation gas enters insides of pipes and sets a pair of deflectors；
The ancient cooking vessel shape structure distribution device includes annular gas distribution passage and center distribution device, the annular gas distribution passage with it is described
Thermal circulation gas is connected into pipeline, and the center distribution device includes three legs and hollow tube-shape object, three legs
Inside is hollow, the hollow space of three legs and the annular gas distribution passage, the hollow space of the hollow tube-shape object
Communicate respectively, air-flow spray orifice is equipped with three legs and the hollow tube-shape object.
3. a kind of gas complete alternation distillation system for the long flame dry distillation of coal according to claim 1 or 2, its feature exist
In the circulating mash gas heating unit includes recuperative heater and mixing chamber, the recuperative heater and the mixing chamber
It is connected, the mixing chamber is also connected with the gas holder.
4. a kind of gas complete alternation distillation system for the long flame dry distillation of coal according to claim 3, it is characterised in that will
Four recuperative heaters and two mixing chambers are configured to one group of heat accumulating type heater, wherein, four storages
Hot type heating furnace is all connected with described two mixing chambers respectively, and four recuperative heaters are using " two, which burn two, send " mechanism work
Make, the circulating mash gas heating unit is made up of at least one set of heat accumulating type heater.
5. a kind of gas complete alternation distillation system for the long flame dry distillation of coal according to claim 1 or 2 or 4, its feature
Be, the electrostatic oil-trap of the oily recovery unit is also connected with oil-water separation tank, the oil-water separation tank successively through sewage at
Reason device and water circulating pump are connected with the water spray system.
6. a kind of gas complete alternation distillation system for the long flame dry distillation of coal according to claim 1 or 2 or 4, its feature
It is, the horizontal water-tube cooler includes multigroup temperature indirect cooling water group changed in gradient and the shower water group directly cooled down.
7. a kind of gas complete alternation distillation system for the long flame dry distillation of coal according to claim 1 or 2 or 4, its feature
It is, the desulfurization unit includes the void tower being sequentially connected and the packed tower for filling doctor solution.
8. the gas complete alternation distillation process that the distillation system described in a kind of usage right requirement 1~7 is carried out, it is characterised in that
Comprise the following steps：
(1) destructive distillation：By the jet coal feedstock transportation of 6mm~80mm particle diameters to gas retort, thermal circulation gas is introduced below from raw material,
Raw material is heated to 550 DEG C~700 DEG C, low temperature distillation in progress, gas retort is interior without burning, and enters without air, after destructive distillation
Product coal tar and gas, together with circulating mash gas, together into oily recovery unit, the product semicoke after destructive distillation is discharged after cooling
Gas retort；
(2) to the product coal tar and gas after destructive distillation, and circulating mash gas mixture carry out oil, qi leel from：After destructive distillation
Product coal tar and gas, and circulating mash gas, the cooling through oily recovery unit receive oil, realize the separation of coal tar and gas,
Coal tar is transported to the collection of coal tar storage device, and gas is transported to desulfurization unit and carries out desulfurization process；Wherein, oil recovery
Unit includes water spray system, gas-liquid separator, horizontal water-tube cooler, cyclone dust collectors and electrostatic oil-trap successively；
(3) desulfurization process is carried out to gas：By the removal of sulphur in gas in desulfurization unit, it is less than the sulfur content in gas
50mg, afterwards, a part of gas are sent to heating unit as circulating mash gas, and tail gas is sent to gas holder storage；
(4) heat cycles gas：The gas stored using in gas holder is used as burning gas, there is provided heat heats cold circulating mash gas
To 660 DEG C~700 DEG C, it is heated after thermal circulation gas be transported to gas retort as destructive distillation heat carrier recycle.
A kind of 9. gas complete alternation distillation process for the long flame dry distillation of coal according to claim 8, it is characterised in that step
Suddenly in (4), using heat accumulating type mode of heating heat cycles gas.
10. a kind of gas complete alternation distillation process for the long flame dry distillation of coal according to claim 8 or claim 9, its feature exist
In in step (2), to mixture progress oil, point of gas and water of the product coal tar and gas after destructive distillation, and circulating mash gas
From being stood to the coal tar after separation in oil-water separation tank, intermediate layer water layer is got to after water pollution treatment by water circulating pump
The water spray system is used for shower water, and upper strata coal tar is transported to the collection of coal tar storage device, lower floor's solid greasy filth quilt
Send to sewage treatment.
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Cited By (1)
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| CN109929578A (en) * | 2019-03-14 | 2019-06-25 | 上海新佑能源科技有限公司 | With CO2For the coal carbonization technology and system of heat carrier |
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| CN102260509A (en) * | 2011-06-28 | 2011-11-30 | 吴启成 | Methane-circulating retort capable of handling 500 to 1,000 tons of oil shale daily |
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Application publication date: 20180227 |